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Climate adaptation and mitigation

Environmental health and biodiversity

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Recent Submissions

Establishing and validating secure germplasm conservation protocols of woody plants and banana by cryopreservation techniques
(Book Chapter, 2026-01-01) Lambardi, Maurizio; Panis, Bartholomeus; Bilavcik, Alois; Ozudogru, Elif Aylin; Ruta, Claudia; Sánchez-Romero, Carolina
Plant cryopreservation is a key strategy for the long-term conservation of genetic resources, particularly for clonally propagated species and taxa that cannot be stored as orthodox seeds. Since its emergence in the mid-twentieth century, cryopreservation has evolved from slow-freezing approaches to advanced vitrification-based techniques that prevent intracellular ice formation and preserve cellular integrity at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (−196 °C). Understanding the physical and biochemical behavior of water, especially vitrification, is central to successful cryostorage. A wide range of plant tissues can be cryopreserved, including shoot tips, embryogenic calli, dormant buds, seeds, and pollen. Among these, shoot tips from in vitro culture and dormant winter buds are especially important for woody fruit crops. Modern methods, such as PVS-based vitrification, encapsulation-dehydration, droplet vitrification, dormant-bud, and cryo-plate techniques, have improved reproducibility, post-thaw regeneration, and large-scale applicability. Dormant-bud cryopreservation is particularly valuable for fruit trees because it allows direct field-to-cryobank conservation and back to field without tissue culture. Cryopreservation protocols must be carefully validated to ensure survival, regrowth capacity, and genetic and epigenetic stability. Post-thaw recovery conditions are critical for minimizing oxidative stress and promoting regeneration. European cryobanks and collaborative initiatives, including the EU COST Action “CopyTree,” play a major role in harmonizing protocols, training researchers, and securing woody plant germplasm for future breeding, research, and agricultural resilience.
Resultados del tercer taller de la Visión del Paisaje a la Acción (LV2A) en Cumbal
(Report, 2026-11) Beltran, Marcela; Navarrete, Israel; Estupinan Moreno, Maria Jose; Blundo Canto, Genowefa
El tercer taller del proceso Landscape Vision to Action (LV2A), realizado en Cumbal en junio de 2026, constituyó la tercera iteración del proceso participativo de planificación territorial iniciado en octubre de 2025. Este encuentro tuvo como propósito central construir los caminos de transición (Tres Horizontes) para las tres líneas de trabajo priorizadas en talleres anteriores: economía propia, medioambiente y turismo-educación. El taller reunió a 12 participantes (3 hombres y 9 mujeres, con amplia representación de pueblos indígenas) provenientes de organizaciones comunitarias, productivas, educativas, turísticas y ambientales del Resguardo de Cumbal. El trabajo se desarrolló en plenaria y en tres grupos paralelos, uno por cada línea temática. Entre los principales logros se destacan: la construcción participativa de los Tres Horizontes para las tres líneas de trabajo, con una secuenciación lógica de cambios desde la situación actual (H1) hasta la visión 2040 (H3), pasando por el camino de transición (H2); la identificación de hitos concretos por línea temática en el horizonte 2026–2040; y el inicio de la discusión sobre actores responsables para cada ruta de transición.
Establishing a cryobank for your tree species
(Presentation, 2026-10-28) Panis, Bartholomeus
Oral presentation at the Final EUCOST COPYTREE meeting (14-16 September, Tirana, Albania). Cryopreservation is widely regarded as the most reliable long-term method for conserving genetic resources of plants that cannot be effectively preserved through conventional seed storage. It is particularly valuable for clonally propagated species, sterile plants, species producing recalcitrant (non-storable) seeds, and plants that do not breed true from seed. Over the past decades, a wide range of cryopreservation protocols has been developed for tree genetic resources, tailored to different tissue types. These include slow-freezing techniques for embryogenic cultures, droplet vitrification of in vitro shoot-tips and meristems, and cryopreservation of dormant buds collected from field-grown trees. Establishing and maintaining a plant cryobank, however, involves a number of technical, logistical, and financial challenges. These include selecting and acquiring appropriate equipment, developing and validating species-specific protocols, implementing rigorous safety and quality-control measures, ensuring a reliable supply of liquid nitrogen, managing endogenous microbial contamination, and securing sustainable long-term funding. In addition, cryobank managers must address issues related to documentation, traceability, and risk management to guarantee the long-term security of the collection. This presentation will discuss these challenges in detail and illustrate practical solutions through examples and case studies from operational plant cryobanks.
Module 1-10: Climate finance proposal development training module
(Manual, 2026-10) Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture; African Group of Negotiators Expert Support
Module 1: Building a Strong Climate Rationale for Climate Financing .Build a strong climate rationale using scientific evidence, climate trends and impact chains that identify vulnerable groups. Demonstrate the added climate benefits of proposed interventions and align them with national climate priorities. Module 2: Value Chain Risk Assessment. Assess how climate hazards affect actors and activities across agricultural value chains, from input supply to consumption. Identify adaptation options and generate evidence to target investments where they can best reduce vulnerability. Module 3: Project Design – Theory of Change, MEL and Logical Framework. Develop a Theory of Change that connects climate challenges with interventions, outcomes and long-term impacts. Translate it into monitoring, evaluation and learning frameworks and logical frameworks with inclusive indicators, baselines and targets. Module 4: Environmental and Social Safeguards (ESS). Identify and manage environmental and social risks throughout the climate finance project cycle. Translate fund-specific safeguard requirements into clear proposal content, drawing on project examples and common reviewer findings. Module 5: Gender Equality and Social Inclusion (GESI) in Climate Finance Projects and Investments. Assess how exclusion affects investment performance, including market reach, adoption, risk, returns and resilience. Address inclusion barriers through financing choices, project design, budgets and measurable results that strengthen climate outcomes. Module 6: Profitability Analysis – Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA). Assess the financial and economic viability of climate investments by comparing costs, benefits and alternative scenarios. Build cash flow models, calculate investment indicators and test assumptions to present a credible economic case to funders. Module 7: Developing a Green Climate Fund (GCF) Budget .Translate project activities and results frameworks into transparent, complete budgets that meet GCF requirements. Develop realistic costs and disbursement schedules, account for co-financing and ensure consistency across proposal documents. Module 8: Risk Assessment and Management. Identify and assess financial, operational, political, reputational, partner and climate risks in GCF projects. Develop evidence-based risk registers with mitigation measures, assigned responsibilities and monitoring throughout implementation. Module 9: Developing a Business Case for Bankable Proposals. Combine climate evidence, prioritized interventions and business models into a compelling investment case aligned with fund requirements. Match financing instruments to project risks and returns, supported by economic analysis, implementation plans and scaling pathways. Module 10: Designing for Replicability and Sustainability in Climate Finance Projects. Design projects with clear pathways for scaling, replication and lasting results beyond the funding period. Integrate financing strategies, institutional ownership, knowledge systems and exit plans to sustain and expand climate benefits.
Field days build momentum for scaling tailored fertilizer advice in Ethiopia
(Blog Post, 2026-11-05) Ebrahim, Mohammed; Mesfin, Tewodros; Ermias, Zerihun; Getachew, Tsegaye; Wogderes, Esundale; Abera, Wuletawu
Site-specific fertilizer recommendations have considerable potential to improve nutrient-use efficiency, agricultural productivity, and sustainable nutrient management in Ethiopia. However, their successful adoption and scaling depend on effective agricultural extension services, access to digital technologies, and strong institutional coordination. This study summarizes key observations, stakeholder experiences, implementation challenges, and scaling priorities identified during field days conducted on 17 and 23 October 2026 in Doyogena, Lemo, and Basona Werana districts, Ethiopia. The events brought together farmers, researchers, extension agents, and government representatives to evaluate the implementation and scaling potential of Harmonized Digital Fertilizer and Agronomic Solutions (HaFAS). Through field demonstrations, stakeholder consultations, and farmer discussions, participants assessed the application of AgriMob, a digital advisory tool that provides plot-specific fertilizer recommendations integrated with improved agronomic management practices. Local agricultural officials reported that 706 farmers across ten kebeles in Doyogena and 700 farmers across seven kebeles in Basona Werana had implemented the recommendations. Field observations indicated promising crop growth and farmer interest in the technology; however, its effects on crop yield, nutrient-use efficiency, and profitability remain to be established through systematic harvest measurements and comparative analyses. Major implementation constraints included limited smartphone ownership, inadequate offline functionality, inconsistent fertilizer availability, and gaps in digital extension capacity. Stakeholders emphasized the importance of strengthening extension training, improving field-level data quality, ensuring timely access to agricultural inputs, enhancing institutional collaboration, and promoting inclusive access to digital advisory services. Overall, the field days highlighted the potential of HaFAS to strengthen Ethiopia's agricultural extension system through evidence-based, site-specific fertilizer recommendations. Sustainable scaling will require coordinated institutional support, farmer-centered advisory delivery, and systematic monitoring and evaluation of agronomic, economic, and adoption outcomes.