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    Climate-Determined Suitability of the Water Saving Technology "Alternate Wetting and Drying" in Rice Systems: A Scalable Methodology demonstrated for a Province in the Philippines

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    Authors
    Nelson, Andrew
    Wassmann, Reiner
    Sander, Bjoern Ole
    Palao, Leo Kris
    Date
    2015-12
    Language
    en
    Type
    Journal Article
    Accessibility
    Open Access
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Nelson A, Wassmann R, Sander BO, Palao LK. 2015. Climate-Determined Suitability of the Water Saving Technology "Alternate Wetting and Drying" in Rice Systems: A Scalable Methodology demonstrated for a Province in the Philippines. PLoS ONE 10(12): e0145268.
    Permanent link to cite or share this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10568/77141
    DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145268
    Abstract/Description
    70% of the world’s freshwater is used for irrigated agriculture and demand is expected to increase to meet future food security requirements. In Asia, rice accounts for the largest proportion of irrigated water use and reducing or conserving water in rice systems has been a long standing goal in agricultural research. The Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) technique has been developed to reduce water use by up to 30% compared to the continuously flooded conditions typically found in rice systems, while not impacting yield. AWD also reduces methane emissions produced by anaerobic archae and hence has applications for reducing water use and greenhouse gas emissions. Although AWD is being promoted across Asia, there have been no attempts to estimate the suitable area for this promising technology on a large scale. We present and demonstrate a spatial and temporal climate suitability assessment method for AWD that can be widely applied across rice systems in Asia. We use a simple water balance model and easily available spatial and temporal information on rice area, rice seasonality, rainfall, potential evapotranspiration and soil percolation rates to assess the suitable area per season. We apply the model to Cagayan province in the Philippines and conduct a sensitivity analysis to account for uncertainties in soil percolation and suitability classification. As expected, the entire dry season is climatically suitable for AWD for all scenarios. A further 60% of the wet season area is found suitable contradicting general perceptions that AWD would not be feasible in the wet season and showing that spatial and temporal assessments are necessary to explore the full potential of AWD.
    CGIAR Affiliations
    Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security
    AGROVOC Keywords
    CLIMATE CHANGE; FOOD SECURITY; AGRICULTURE; RICE
    Subjects
    LOW EMISSIONS DEVELOPMENT;
    Countries
    PHILIPPINES
    Regions
    ASIA; SOUTHEAST ASIA
    Collections
    • CCAFS Journal Articles [811]

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