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    Prevalence and risk factors for gastrointestinal parasites in small-scale pig enterprises in Central and Eastern Uganda

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    Authors
    Roesel, Kristina
    Dohoo, I.
    Baumann, M.
    Dione, Michel M.
    Grace, Delia
    Clausen, P.H.
    Date
    2017-01
    Language
    en
    Type
    Journal Article
    Review status
    Peer Review
    Accessibility
    Open Access
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Roesel, K., Dohoo, I., Baumann, M., Dione, M., Grace, D. and Clausen, P.-H. 2017. Prevalence and risk factors for gastrointestinal parasites in small-scale pig enterprises in Central and Eastern Uganda. Parasitology Research 116(1): 335–345.
    Permanent link to cite or share this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10568/77489
    DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-016-5296-7
    Abstract/Description
    In Eastern Africa, small-scale pig keeping has emerged as a popular activity to generate additional household income. Infections of pigs with gastrointestinal helminths can limit production output, increase production costs, and pose zoonotic risks. A cross-sectional, community-based study in three districts in Eastern and Central Uganda examined the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes and associated risk factors in 932 randomly sampled pigs. Using the combined sedimentation-flotation method, 61.4 % (58.2–64.5 %, 95 % confidence interval [CI]) tested positive for one or more gastrointestinal helminths, namely, strongyles (57.1 %, 95 % CI), Metastrongylus spp. (7.6 %, 95 % CI), Ascaris suum (5.9 %, 95 % CI), Strongyloides ransomi (4.2 %, 95 % CI), and Trichuris suis (3.4 %, 95 % CI). Coccidia oocysts were found in 40.7 % of all pigs sampled (37.5–44.0 %, 95 % CI). Significant differences across the three districts were observed for the presence of A. suum (p < 0.001), Metastrongylus spp. (p = 0.001), S. ransomi (p = 0.002), and coccidia oocysts (p = 0.05). All animals tested negative for Fasciola spp. and Balantidium coli. Thirty-five variables were included in univariable analyses with helminth infection as the outcome of interest. A causal model was generated to identify relationships among the potential predictors, and consequently, seven variables with p ≤ 0.15 were included in a multivariable analysis for helminth infection. The final regression models showed that routine management factors had a greater impact on the prevalence of infection than regular, preventive medical treatment or the level of confinement. Factors that negatively correlated with gastrointestinal infection were the routine removal of manure and litter from pig pens (p ≤ 0.05, odds ratio [OR] = 0.667) and the routine use of disinfectants (p ≤ 0.05, OR = 0.548).
    CGIAR Author ORCID iDs
    Michel Dionehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7812-5776
    CGIAR Affiliations
    Livestock; Agriculture for Nutrition and Health
    AGROVOC Keywords
    ANIMAL DISEASES; SWINE
    Subjects
    ANIMAL DISEASES; ANIMAL HEALTH; PIGS;
    Countries
    UGANDA
    Regions
    AFRICA; EAST AFRICA
    Investors/sponsors
    German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development; International Fund for Agricultural Development
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    • CRP Livestock journal articles [74]
    • ILRI animal and human health program outputs [151]
    • CRP Livestock health flagship [43]
    • ILRI A4NH food safety flagship outputs [47]
    • ILRI articles in journals [4825]
    • Safe food, fair food [285]

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