External Development Financial Flows to Food Systems 2025 Africa 3FS Report Nadine Gbossa (IFAD, Lead-author), John M. Ulimwengu (IFPRI) and Augustin Wambo (AKADEMIYA2063) October 17, 2025 Methodology  3FS Framework: developed by IFAD and the WB  Timeframe: 2018–2023 Geographical scope: All African countries, grouped by subregions (North, West, East, Central, Southern Africa) Objective: Quantify and analyze external development finance flows to food systems. Data accredited to OECD Complementary sources: World Bank, AfDB, IFAD, IsDB, EBRD, and philanthropic databases (Gates, Mastercard, Bezos Earth Fund) Cross-verification: Aggregated with World Food Programme (WFP) humanitarian and FAO investment data to isolate food-assistance components. Overall Financial Trends  Total external flows ↑ 19% from US$18.1 B (2018) → US$21.5 B (2023).  Six-year cumulative ≈ US$117 B.  Africa consistently receives 38–42 % of global food- system aid.  2023 shows a post-rebound dip, highlighting fragility of financing momentum. Where the Money Goes  Ag Development & Value Chains – 39 %  Infrastructure – 23 %  Environment & Natural Resources – 11 %  Nutrition & Health – 4 %  Social Assistance (mainly food aid) – 23 % (around 6% in other regions)  Relief spending remains high → shift needed toward long-term resilience. Who Gets the Money  Top 11 recipients (≈ 50% of flows): Ethiopia, Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, DRC, Morocco, South Sudan, Uganda, Burkina Faso, Sudan, Niger.  Per-capita disparities: Burkina Faso ≈ US$54/person vs Nigeria ≈ US$4. Who Funds Africa’s Food Systems: sources  There is an implicit complementarity of roles among actors in the food finance ecosystem as they support African countries.  Nearly 40 per cent of bilateral development financing to food systems goes to social protection.  Agricultural development and value chains emerged as the dominant priority, absorbing 49 per cent of multilateral flows.  Nearly 68 per cent of Philanthropy support goes to agricultural development and value chains and another 13 per cent to climate resilience and natural resources. Who Funds Africa’s Food Systems: Top donors oMultilaterals: EU Institutions & World Bank Group (≈ 65%). oBilaterals: US, Germany, France, UK, Japan, Canada, Netherlands (nearly 80 per cent). oPhilanthropy: Gates, Mastercard, Bezos Earth Fund ≈ 80 % of sector grants. Financial Instruments & Emerging Trends Composition oOfficial Development Assistance (ODA) – 82.6 % oOther Official Flows (concessional loans, guarantees, subsidies and grants) – 13.8 % oPhilanthropy – 3.5 % New trend oMultilateral OOF share ↑ from 15 % → 36 % (2018–23). oIndicates rising use of blended finance & guarantees. Conclusion Africa captured ≈40% of global food-systems finance between 2018–2023 — confirming that the continent remains a priority for global development cooperation.  In the context of changing global food systems finance, African countries must, more than ever, lead and own their food systems financing strategies.  This requires reimagining the financing mix: increasing national budget allocations, forging stronger public-private partnerships and scaling up innovative tools. Move from commitment to action under CAADP Kampala Declaration: o10% budget allocation to agrifood systems oMobilize USD 100 B for agrifood transformation in the form of PPPs The 3FS Africa Report  https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep- dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems https://www.ifad.org/en/w/publications/3fs-report-deep-dive-on-africa-s-food-systems Thanks Slide Number 1 Slide Number 2 Slide Number 3 Slide Number 4 Slide Number 5 Slide Number 6 Slide Number 7 Slide Number 8 Slide Number 9 Slide Number 10 Slide Number 11