The Food Safety Intervention (FSI) framework An efficacy enhancing tool for LMICs Himadri Pal, Prof. Delia Grace, Dr. Judy Bettridge Hi everyone. I am Himadri Pal & a PhD student at the Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich. I am here to share my work on development of the FSI framework. 1 The NEED FOR food SAFETY INTERVENTIONS SafePORK MoreMilk APART THE CHALLENGES Pilots unable to instil food safety Successful pilots do not sustain Successful pilots do not scale Safe Food- Fair Food Eatsafe BUILD In the past years, WHO estimates have shown how urgent the need to focus on food safety is. And in response to this, there have been several investments in areas with high food borne disease burdens, mostly Asian & African countries. SafePork Vietnam, EatSafe Nigeria. However, these projects face challenges. 2 Illustration of the Socio Ecological Model (Mash Eric J., 2019) The Food Systems Framework HLPE (2020) WHAT IS A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK? Provides research support to relevant thought communities Highlights key constructs of a phenomenon and its determinants. ENGAGING RESEARCH FRAMEWORKS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS We have developed a conceptual framework to guide interventions to overcome those challenges. A conceptual framework can be used as a tool for future food safety interventions. Our focus - informal markets of LMICs, but it may be expanded further. It highlights key constructs or themes of a phenomenon & what drives them. These key constructs are developed through in-depth literature review, author’s impressions and tacit theories as well as expert advice. This combined with engaging research leads to a robust framework. An earlier framework on food systems is the HLPE framework by FAO. It apllies the socio ecological model, also incorporated in our approach as it considers and individual and their interaction with their environment. 3 LITERATURE EXPERT ADVICE KEY CONSTRUCTS TACIT THEORIES SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW TACIT THEORIES THEMATIC ANALYSIS Initial codes & definitions Discussion with experts Thematic analysis of content Emerging codes Foundational Elements + Impact Catalysts Socio-ecological model The FSI Framework METHODOLOGY We combined a systemic literature review with learning from scoping visits and expert advice while maintaining a reflexive process. We started with several initial codes drawn from major research and outlooks and developed definitions for the key constructs. Using Nvivo, the literature and notes were coded to key constructs. New emerging key constructs were also identified. Hence we categorized all our codes to 2 categories. Mapped to SEM and developed the FSI FW. 4 Database Search Deduplication & Selection Data Extraction Scoping visits Expert Advice Reflexive process Theme  Category  Sub-themes  Induced/Deduced  Central  Themes     Training & Technology   Deduced Motivation & Incentives  Deduced Enabling Environment   Deduced Foundational  Elements - Pre-requisites which make intervention adoption more likely         Economic Status   Induced Literacy Levels    Induced Infrastructure   Induced Sanitation    Induced Utilities   Induced Regulatory & Political  Challenges   Induced Strategic Planning   Induced Theme  Category  Sub-themes  Induced/Deduced  Impact  Catalysts - Factors which propel an intervention towards scalability and a longer life-cycle  Affordability   Deduced Accessibility   Deduced Risk Perception   Induced Socio-Cultural Context   Induced Acceptability   Deduced Equity   Deduced Adaptiveness   Induced Local Champions   Deduced Innovative Value-addition   Induced Community Networks   Induced Demographic shifts and  Urbanization   Induced Population Preferences   Induced Economics and frugality   Deduced KEY CONSTRUCTS OF THE FSI FRAMEWORK Define foundational elements- pre-requisites that make an intervention’s success more likely because of population’s higher probability of adoption. define impact catalysts- Factors that propel an intervention beyond just effectiveness 5 In the interest of time, I will be discussing one segment of each stakeholder, to explain how the framework can be used. TG- risk perception – impact catalyst. e.g., in Zambia, fish- no flies around them- pesticide or chemical treated, and hence not really of “high quality. 2nd level are intervention designers who mostly work at the community level. Here intervention accessibility is an important impact catalyst. For example, many cattle farmers in assam miss out on relevant campaigns as they happen in the central town where vet colleges and departmental officer are. Consideration of both, geographical and finfnacial accessibility is critical here. And lastly at the policy level, infrastructure & utilities are foundational elements contributing to an intervention’s sustainability. Infrastructure includes shelves, tables, transportation for operations. For example a study in Ibadan, Nigeria gave aprons and chopping boards to butchers but they could not use it for long because it got stolen because of lack of a secure storage space. 6 The framework is accompanied by a set of determining questions around these impact catalysts and foundational elements which may help interventions in the future. Moreover validation studies- India & Nigeria. 7 Thank You! ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Prof. Delia Grace, Dr. Judy Bettridge image1.jpeg image2.png image3.png image4.png image11.png image12.png image13.png image14.png image15.png image16.png image17.png image5.png image6.gif image7.gif image8.png image9.jpg image10.png image18.png image19.png image20.jpeg image27.png image21.png image22.png image23.png image24.png image25.png image26.png image28.png image29.jpeg image30.png image31.gif image32.png image33.gif image34.jpeg