1 LOREM IPSUM DOLOREM COMPANY Insert You Tagline Here Shenggen Fan Director General Washington, DC | March 14, 2013 Highlights Food Policy in 2012 Agricultural Productivity Food Policy Indicators: Tracking Change Green Economy Women in Agriculture Employment in Agriculture US and EU Farm Policies Regional Developments Looking Ahead The global food system remained fragile New numbers, same problem Drought and volatile food prices United States, Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Southern Africa, Sahel Conflict DRC, Mali, Somalia, Syria Long-term drivers of global food system Old and new FAO estimates of undernourished people worldwide, 1990-2010 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY A Changing Global Harvest Agricultural productivity growth has accelerated substantially Location and composition of production have changed (more in developing countries; more high-value crops) Sources of production growth and regional contributions are different (sustained high growth in Brazil and China; low growth in Africa) For long-term productivity growth Develop national capacities in agricultural R&D Provide better genetic materials and inputs Create enabling environment for rapid technology adoption Sources of growth in global agricultural production GREEN ECONOMY Sustainable and Growing, Food Secure? Rio+20 conference introduced several new initiatives (e.g. Green Economy, Zero Hunger Challenge, Zero Net Land and Forest Degradation) Bioeconomy also gained ground Rio+20 lacked firm policy roadmap and timeframe What is needed? Clear measures, timeframes, and accountability mechanisms Incentives and information for civil society and private sector Rio+20: Towards a “green economy” WOMEN IN AGRICULTURE Closing the Gender Gap Role of gender equality in agriculture gained growing attention (FAO’s State of Food and Agriculture and World Bank’s World Development Report) Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index was created (IFPRI, USAID, and Oxford Poverty and Human Development) Development programming moving from gender-blind to gender-aware programs More needs to be done to Build evidence base Strengthen women’s assets Engage with women’s groups as real development partners EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE Jobs for Africa’s Youth Africa south of the Sahara has the fastest growing population and the youngest (additional 150 million people in rural areas from 2010-50) Engagement of Africa’s youth in agriculture is crucial to gain “youth dividend” To realize agriculture’s potential Constraints to land, capital, and skills must be eased Programs must be friendly to needs of the youth Clear vision and political commitment is needed Rural population share and number of people entering rural and urban labor markets in Africa south of the Sahara, 1950–2050 US AND EU FARM POLICIES The Subsidy Habit Farm subsidies in the US and EU persist, the debate continues Not much was done to expand productivity-increasing public agricultural research What must be done? Revisit farm policies Promote non-distorting trade policies Engage in WTO trade negotiations Composition of EU agricultural budget, annual expenditures, 1990-2010 REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTS Policy Choices on the Ground Africa Agricultural transformation accelerated Lack of capacity to cope with increased shocks and conflict South Asia Bangladesh planned a path for food security India embraced FDI in the retail sector Nepal proposed to increase fertilizer subsidies Arab World Long-term policies and investments was initiated by several countries Food security remains a key challenge East Asia China released plan for large agricultural R&D investment Myanmar took steps to reform the agricultural sector Thailand implemented scheme which led to uncompetitive rice prices Latin America and the Caribbean Increased role of the region in food supply Public agricultural R&D declined in smaller, poorer countries Continued divide in land holdings Difference in population at risk of hunger (%), compared with baseline, 2050 LOOKING AHEAD Scenarios for the Future of Food HIGHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY HIGHER ENERGY PRICES LOWER MEAT DEMAND 11 SCENARIO 2 Higher energy prices E. Asia & Pacific Europe & C. Asia LAC MENA S. Asia SSA World 6 2 17 8 19 15 14 SCENARIO 1 Higher agricultural productivity E. Asia & Pacific Europe & C. Asia LAC MENA S. Asia SSA World -11 -4 -19 -16 -32 -32 -24 Lower meat demand in high-income countries S. Asia S.E. Asia Asia SSA LAC World -1.6 -0.8 -1.1000000000000001 -3 -0.9 -1.8 Lower meat demand in high-income countries + Brazil and China S. Asia S.E. Asia Asia SSA LAC World -5.6 -2.8 -3.7 -9.3000000000000007 -1.9 -5.5 Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators 1 2 3 4 FOOD POLICY INDICATORS Tracking Change 5 Statistics of Public Expenditure for Economic Development Global Hunger Index Food Policy Research Capacity Indicators Total and Partial Factor Productivity OUTLOOK FOR 2013 Walk the Talk! Build resilience of global and national food systems and the poor Give attention to dry areas Further advance the nexus approach (agriculture, nutrition, health & food, water, land, energy) Fulfill L’Aquila commitments, build national capacities, and support implementation of country-led processes Ensure post-2015 development agenda focuses on poor people while pursuing sustainable development goals image1.jpg image2.png image3.jpeg image4.jpeg image5.jpeg image6.jpeg image7.jpeg image8.jpeg image9.jpeg image10.jpeg image11.jpeg image12.jpeg image13.jpeg image14.jpeg image15.jpeg image16.jpeg image17.jpeg image18.png image19.jpeg image20.jpeg