KIT ME DONGO KI GWOKO KODI PA LUPUR Buk cing pa lapur (ma kiyubu) BUK ME DIRO KI JAMI MA PIRGI TEGU Ronnie Vernooy, Guy Bessette, Bhuwon Sthapit ki Arnab Gupta 2 ikom 3 1 Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT 2021 KIT ME DONGO KI GWOKO KA KANU KODI PA LUPUR BUK CING PA LAPUR (MA KIYUBU) BUK ME 2 IKOM 3 DIRO KI JAMI MA PIRGI TEGU Ronnie Vernooy, Guy Bessette, Bhuwon Sthapit ki Arnab Gupta Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT 2021 Dul me Alliance of Bioversity International ki International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) tiyo ki yo me kwed pi cobo peki mapat pat matye iwilobo ma obedo camo cam ma moc cam pe iye, aloka loka ping, rwenyo jami ma kwo itim ki bale pa ka bedo ma orumu wa. Kube man neon i lok kom pur, ka ma orumu wa ki camo cam ma opore. Watiyo ki luwot wa matye idistrik, ilobo man, dule matye ilobo Africa, Asia, ki Latin America medo ki Carbbean, kacel ki lwak medo ki dule mawoko mape tye ite gamente. Ki kube irwom mapat pat, kikati ki yo manyen me medo rwom me puru cam ki tic ki ngom iyo ma opore wek dongo lobo obed tye, dok dano owiny maber ikare me aloka loka ping. Kube man tye ite yub pa CGIAR, ma obedo yub me tic kacel ma dong dit loyo iwilobo kulu ma mako kwed ilok kom pur wek cam obed muromo, dok man iyi anyim obikonyo pi ryemo can ki bedo ki cam muromo, medo ki yubu lonyo me lobo. https://alliancebioversityciat.org/ www.cgiar.org Jang gamente me Pwur, roco keru me ngom ki dongo lobo (Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development) (DALRRD) obedo dul pa gamente me lobo South Africa, ma tice mako keto itic cik ma paliamen me lobo South Africa omoko, dok en tice ki yee kimoko dul me cik namba 27(1)(b) ki (2) me pencik me lobo South Africa ma tice obedo..”..tic ki yo me cik, medo ki yo mukene ma tye pi neno ni ngat acel acel obedo ki twero me nongo cam muromo. Iye DALRRD, dok pole Pur, Yot kom, ki bedo ki dero kec, jang DALRRD, Directorate: Genetic Resources, tice obedo me kati ki yo mupore me puru cam. Man tye gwako kati ki cik onyo yub mapatpat, laro cik ki jami me tic pi neno ni cam obedo muromo. Tic man cuku kor kwed me CGIAR ikum alokaloka me piny, pur ki cam muromo CCAFS) dul man imiyo ki kony me lim ma aa ki CGIAR Trust Fund ki bilateral funding agreements. Ma pol le, lim https://ccafs.cgiar.org/donors. Tam ma okato i buk man pe nyutu tam pa dul ma pa’pat ma ki coyo nyingi i buk man. © Bioversity International 2021 Bioversity International Headquarters Via dei Tre Denari, 472/a 00054 Maccarese (Fiumicino) Italy Tel. (+39) 06 61181 Fax. (+39) 06 6118402 bioversity@cgiar.org www.bioversityinternational.org Ngonyo leb: Chris Omoding, Bony Ocheng Dooro tic: Joyce Adokorach Deeno ki peeto: Luca Pierotti ISBN (booklet 2): 978-92-9255-207-7 PWOC PI LUMAK CAL I BUK ME ARYO Pot karatac me inyime: The Bajrangi Community Seed Bank ma tye iBalapur village district Chitrakoot (UP, India). Bioversity International/S.Dsouza Pot karatac me 4: Poto matino tino me nyayo kodi matye I Balapur village pi kodi caloradish, mustard fennel ki kodi mukene ma kipito ikare me kot. Deendayal Research Institute/Ashok Tiwari Pot karatac me 6-7: Lumemba me Bajrangi community seed bank. Bioversity International/S.Dsouza Pot karatac me 8: Poto me yubu kodi. Deendayal Research Institute/Ashok Tiwari Pot karatac me 10: Yubu kodi Ngaano matye katime I Balapur village. Deendayal Research Institute/Ashok Tiwari Pot karatac me 12: Lumemba tye ka yubu kodi wek obed maleng I Gaivinath Community Seed Bank matye I Pagar Khurd Village of Satna district (MP, India). Deendayal Research Institute/Ashok Tiwari Pot karatac me 14: Yubu kodi bedo maleng ki boyo maber matye katime I Bajrangi Community Seed Bank at Balapur village district Chitrakoot (UP, India). Deendayal Research Institute/Ashok Tiwari Pot karatac me 16: Buk me coyo ping ngec ma mako kodi. Bioversity International/R.Vernooy Pot karatac me 18: Tic ki pok mucungua macalo gi ryemo kwidi pi kodi kitye kagwoko iyi cupa. Bioversity International/R.Vernooy Kodi Chickpea tye katwo I ipipa PVC kun kitio ki tiko Zeolite iyi kica ma obedo bongo. Bioversity International/A.Gupta Pot karatac me 20: Tic ki tiko zeolite beads medo ki pipa madongo me gwoko kodi. Bioversity International/R.Vernooy Pot karatac me 22: Dako matye ikin gang tye ka twoyo chicpea pi gwoko kodi I kin paci. Deendayal Research Institute /S.Chauriha Pot karatac me 24: Yubu kodi CucumberCucumber seed production by Gaivinath Community Seed Bank in Pagar Khurd village (Satna, MP, India). Bioversity International/A.Gupta Pot karatac me 26: Lupur tye kacwalo kodi me apita kun gugamo kibot Bajrangi Community Seed Bank matye I Balapur, district Chitrakoot (UP, India). Deendayal Research Institute/Ashok Tiwari Pot karatac me 28: Kicaa me gwoko kodi me rwom mamalo, ki pipa me tic. Bioversity International/R.Vernooy 3 4 KIT ME CAKO KI DORO KA GWOKO KODI PA LWAK NGO MATYE Ngec mamako yubu buk man pi tic kwede ikin paci. BUK ME Cako seed bank me kin paci 1 ikom 3 BUK ME Diro ki jami ma pirgi tegu 2 ikom 3 BUK ME Doro yub, ribbe, cik ki roto ngo ma kibitimu weng 3 ikom 3 5 6 BUK ME 2 DIRO KI JAMI MA PIRGI TEGU 7 8 NGEC MA OO AA KI I LOBO ASIA Wan wa bedo Anga gi? Watye lumema ma loyo ka kanu kodi pa lwak ma tye Bajrangi ii boma me Balapur ame nwonge ii Bundelkhand ii Central India. Ka gwoko kodi pa Lwak ki cakko I dwe me Aboro mwaka 2016. Kadi bed ni Balapur tye ki cuk kodi gi matino, Cuk gi Madongo ma tye ki jami apura madwong tye I Karwi ame tye ii bor piny me km 12. Ikare ni wagwoko kodi calo chickpeas, soroko, lentils,linseed, mustard, peas, lapena, nyim, kabir, Wapito mucele, ngano kede chickpeas me acata. Jami apura mukene ni watiyo kwede kadi bed ni cawa mukene bene wacato icuk ento irwom ma nok. Wanongo kony kare ki kare ma aa ii bot dul me Deendayal Research Institute kede Bioversity International. 9 10 Ngo ma wamito nywako kwedi? Wanmito nyuti kwayi lok onyo jami ma pirgi tego ma mamako lok kom bedo ki ka kanu kodi pa lwak, medo ki jami ma pirgi tego ikom yoo me aluba ki ngo ma myero itim ma obikonyi. Ka kanu kodi pa lwak mo keken mito lwak ma dong guniang jami ma pirgi tek. Man romo tero kare ki dyene. 11 12 1. Yero kwayi cam ki guru kodi Kit kwayi cam mene ma I mito gwoko ne I ka kanu kodi pa lwak ni? Kimaro mino kare bot kwayi cam ma pirgi tek bot lwak ma iyi adwol malubbe ki lok me tye pa cam pi lutedero. Mon ki coo, lutino onyo ludito, lulonyo onyo lucan, lupur macok ki lupur matye ibor ping. Pol ka kanu kodi pa Lwak madwong bene kwanyo kare me ngino wit kodi mene ma orwenyo onyo tye ka rwenyo kede ngo ma lwak ma iyi adwol tye ka maro ne ikom kodi mapatpat: Labole, rangi pa kodi moni, borne onyo dongo ne ki dong mitte. Mon ki coo tye ki miti mapatpat ma man omyero wic pe owil iyee ka watye ka moko tam ikom ngo ma ki bi gwoko ii ka kanu kodi pa lwak ma Iyi adwol. Lupur tye ka mede ki maro kwayi kodi ma romo kanyo aloka loka ping ma gi wok ki I iye. Pire tek me neno ka itye ki dano muromo ki ngec me gwoko wit kodi ma pat pat irwom ma malu.Iromo bedo ki miti me yero wit kodi mapat pat irwom ma nok onyo wit kodi acel keken ma iromo cako kede kun nongo imedo ngec pire. 13 14 2. Gwoko yotkom kodi ki yeko ne Gin ma pire tek iyero kodi en aye yenyo kodi ma peke ki two ii yoo maber en aye: • Roto poti. • Yero kodi ki but poto mapat. • Guru kodi mapatpat ma kom gi yot ikom yadi ma odongo maber. • Pe I cok kodi ki iteng poto,pien giromo kelo nyube pa kodi mapatpat. • Yero kodi, jang yat/ature onyo nyig yadi ma nongo two peke iye. Ki ingee yero ne, kwany iket cen kodi moo keken ma tye ki lanyut me two onyo kwidi ka i timmo kuman ikare me yeko ne,pien kwidi ki two romo nya ka ki guru kodi karacel. wuromo lwongo lutic ma malu ma gitye iyi adwol me bino ka ngino kit me yubu kodi, kama gitye iye, cukul pa lupur romo nywako kimiyo cwak me tic ki diro onyo ngec ma opore. 15 16 3. Coyo lok I kom kodi Ka dong matidi, omyero ibed ki buk cing matidi me coyo iyee lok kom kodi ma ki coyo iyee kodi ma kikelo ma akana ki en ma okwanyo, keto nino dwe, nying lapur, caro pa lapur, calo onyo adwol kama ki gamo kwayi kodi moni ki iye, ki nying kodi ki kwayi ne. Ka lapim (kilo) tye, pek pa kodi omyero bene ki ket. Eno ni weko ki ngeyo wel kodi ma adwol acel acel kelo i kare moni onyo i mwaka acel. Kakano kodi pa lwak mukene ma ki yubu maber bedo ki buk coc ma romo aryo. Acel me cono kodi ma adonyo onyo ma kikwanyo, jo mukene gwoko buk coc makato acel pi tic mapatpat calo, coyo lupur magi tiyo bene jami mukene kagwoko kodi pa lwak; Buk coc pa Biodiversity ma tye ki lok kom kodi weng ma ki miyo; ki cono kodi weng ma orwenyo ki icuk. Buk coc pa biodiversity romo bedo ki nying ma pacu kama kodi moni kiteto ki iyee, ticce ki ber ne, kit ma tye kede ikom kare ni, kite ki yoo me pito ne, kero ne me kanyo aloka loka ki I poto, ki kit ma ki byeko kede, medo ki niye me tekwaro, ki dini tiyo kwede. 17 18 4. Yubu ki gwoko kodi Gin ma pire tek ii gwoko kodi en aye me neno ni kodi otwo maber labongo doo, apwa , yugi ki gweng mo keken. Me gwoko kodi maleng, makome yot, bene romo nyak, gwoko onyo kanu kodi ka ma opore medo ki yoo me gwoko kodi maber mite. Dwong pa ka kanu kodi pa lwak mapol maro tic ki yoo ki yoo macon me gwoko kodi ki jami apita mogo: daba (coto), tal, oceke ki cupa ma otwo ki jami mogo mukene mapatpat. Ki tiyo ki ceng me twono kodi ma pwod peya ki keto iyi Dero ma ki yubu ki lobo. Yoo me gwoko kodi magi ni tiyo maber. Ikin kare ni, ka gwoko kodi pa lwak mapol gucako tic kacel kede yoo macon wa ki manyen calo tic ki nyony ki yoo manyen, macalo tic ki aduku ma kipungu wiyee ma yamo pe donyo iyee, ma kodi iyee nen woko ma romo bedo ni kiyubu ikom plastic onyo gilaci, nyonyo ki gutiya/lupuku (kica kavere ma ki dodo iye ma pol ma gwoko ikom ngicu). Zeolite beads (aluminosilicate-based absorbents) ma obedo tiko-tiko ma jwiyo ngicu bene dong kicako tic kede me diyo ngicu iyii karatac mapol mapapat ame ogwoko iyee kodi; tiko magi tiyo maber tutwal. 19 20 4. Yubu ki gwoko kodi Mapat ki lok mogo manok, pol pa ka kanu kodi pa lwak peke ki kit yoo me gwoko lyeto onyo ngicu, ma en aye diyo yoo me gwoko kodi pi kare malac. Dong pi man, pimo onyo roto lyetoo kare ki kare pire tek ii kit me gwoko kodi maber. Jami ma pirgi tegu ma myero wii opoo ki iyee: √ Lyeto piny me ika gwoko kodi myero obed maber ma pe lyet tutwal (pe okat digiri 35) wek kodi pe otwii. √ Koc me gwoko kodi (kadi bed ni kiyubu ikom gilaci, plastic onyo lobo) myero obed maleng me konyo gengo nywal ki nya pa kwidi ki two (acamacama). √ Ngicu myero obed manok, kodi ma peya ki kanu myero nongo otwo maber, ma pe gengo twii pa kodi. 21 22 5. Neno onyo lubu kor kodi Me gwoko kodi ma ki kanu ika kanu kodi pa lwak ma komgi yot, wa miyo tam me roto rwom pa kodi olo kicel I dwe acel. Man romo time kun nongo I roto koc ki kwanyo kodi ki koc ka i neno rwom me lyeto ki i neno lok kom kwidi onyo acamacama ma romo kelo two. Ka peko mo onen, oyotoyot myero kinen kit yoo me gengo puru pa kodi. Kwany kodi moo keken ma two omako, lwok koc me gwoko kodi magi maber ka I twoo kodi moo keken ma pud peya idwoko ikoc. 23 24 6. Nyayo kodi manyen Pol pa Ka kanu kodi pa lwak gi nyayo kodi gi ma ki gwoko mwaka ki mwaka, wek kodi ongii ma ber ki aloka loka piny ma ikabedo meno. kama kodi man tye iye, gangi pwonye me pur romo tero loc me nyayo kodi man. Pi kodi ma kibi gwoko pi kare malac, nyig kodi ma romo nwone inge mwaki 5-7 ki kodi ma kelo moo romo nwone inge mwaki 3-4. Nyayo kodi man romo time ingom ma tye ite loc pa ka kanu kodi onyo ii ngom pa dano ma odyero. Dong bedo tic pa dano acel acel me nyayo kodi onyo wit kodi mapatpat. Pol ka kanu kodi pa lwak mukene mito ni lumema weng me nyayo nyig kodi mapatpat ma kiromo kwanyo ki kama ki kanu iyee kadi kicel imwaka. Ka kanu kodi mukene nyayo kodi ma kitiyo kwede iyi ikin paco; gi ceko kodi cam mapatpat madwong me acata. Me twero man, ngec ikom kit me yubu ki cato will pire tek. Temo tuu pa kodi omyero kitim kare i yoo ngeye i kare manok ikinne me neno ka kero me nyayo kodi moni pud tye. 25 26 7. Gamo kodi ki i ka kano onyo gwoko kodi pa Lwak Lwak ma iyi adwol omyero kong guyee ikom cik ma mako kit me nongo ki gamo kwede kodi ki ka kanu kodi pa lwak kede. Keto itic, man gonyo ni: √ Moko ka omyero ki mii lumema keken onyo dano mukene ma pe gin obedo lumema. √ Tic ki yoo me miyo ki dano ma luppe ki kwongo binu gi onyo tic ki yoo me poko marom onyo miyo dano ma kiyero con. √ Kato ki yoo me dwoko cen kodi ma ki gamo, medo ki wel ma omyero kidwoko kwede. √ Moko ngo ma kibitimo pi dano ma ogale ki dwoko cen kodi onyo ma dwoko kodi ongayo gi. √ Coyo piny kit ma kipoko kede kodi iyoo ma niange mupore maber. Wa mino wu tam ni myero ki gwok maber coc ikom kit ma kodi tye ka wot kwede wek wange nga ma onongo kony ki nga ma pe onongo, kwayi kodi mene ma dano maro ki mene ma cuk ne pe, medi ki kodi marom mene ma mitte i kare moni onyo imwaka. 27 28 Lok ma ki gudu wiye wiye I buk man Buk cing man tye ki lok magi ma pirgi tek: 1. Yero cam ki guru nyig kodi: man loko ikom kwayi kodi ma umito yero me agwoka ipoto kodi wu ma iyi adwol wu. 2. Gwoko yotkom kodi ki yeko ne(yero kodi mabeco ki maleng: man tye ii kit yoo me yero kodi ma nongo two mo peke iye. 3. Cono kodi: romo time kun nongo ikato ki buk mapatpat ma icoyo jami iyee. 4. Yoo me Yubu ki gwoko koti: man nyuti kit me gwoko kodi ii yoo macon ki manyen ma kitwoyo matek labongo yugi, apwa, ki gweng. 5. Neno onyo lubu kor kodi: ngiyo ki moko rwom pa kodi kare ki kare. 6. Nyayo kodi manyen: nyutu yoo mapat pat me tyeko tic man. 7. Gamo kodi ki i kano onyo gwoko kodi pa Lwak: man tye mako lok kom kato ki cik me aluba bot lwak makwako kit me mako onyo tic ki kodi ikin gang. Man agiki buk cing wa me aryo ikom dongo ki doro ka kano kodi pa lwak kun ngiyo kam ma pirgi tego. Wa bi dwoko tam wa dong ikom buk cing 3, doro, kupe, ki cik medo ki ngiyo jami weng ma ki ngiyo. Buk ma lubo kor man! 29 Joo mu coyo buk man Ronnie Vernooy, Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Wageningen, the Netherlands. Ronnie odonyo I Bioversity International idwe me Apar me mwaka 2011. En otiyo iyi lapeny mapat pat mamako gwoko yo yo me pur mapat pat pi kare ma kato mwaka 25 ilobe macalo Bhutan, China, Colombia, Cuba, Honduras, Mongolia, Nepal, Nicaragua, South Africa, ki Vietnam. Tice omako cik maneno gwoko jami ki tic kwed gi iyo ma weko gi rii. Guy Bessette, ma obedo lami tam ma cung ki wiye kene, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. Guy otiyo iyub me cwalo lok pi dongo lobo, pwonye pa lwak ki loyo lonyo me lobo ilobo Africa ki Southeast Asia. Kombedi en tye ka konyo iyub mapat pat pa dul me Bioversity International mamako kodi. Bhuwon Sthapit (ma kome pe ma kipo pire) Bhuwon, layub kodi, odonyo ite dul me Bioversity International imwaka 1997 macalo ladiro magwoko gin apita, ma kong otiyo ilobo Malaysia, ka okobo otiyo bene ilobo India, ka dong oto woko idwe me Aboro me mwaka 2017, ilobo Nepal. Tice pole omako tic ki lwak onyo lupur pi yubu rwom pa kodi apita ipoto ma tye ikin gang, ki community seed banks. Arnab Gupta, PhD (Seed Science and Technology) obedo agroecology kede seed systems scientist ma bedo ii Bioversity International, New Delhi, India. En tio India me miyo kony bot ka kanu kodi pa lwak ma ikunu kun ngio pole wok yoo me kanu kodi ame otwo maber(dry-storing seed storage theory). Ticcere tye iyee pwonyo Lupur kede lutic ka ma ki kanu kodi iyee(genebanks officials) ii kit me tic kede Zeolite beads technonology onyo tic kede tigo me medo kare me rii pa kobi aber ii genebanks kede ii ka kanu kodi pa lwak. TAM MA MEGI The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) is part of CGIAR, a global research partnership for a food-secure future. https://alliancebioversityciat.org/ www.cgiar.org ISBN: 978-92-9255-087-5 38