[?Ql] ITíJ@ O[ fi)~ ~®cm(1{]@~~ 1l®[f jL@@~ ". \. s 540 .8 • el¡ 3D\U Fa amacíonal de Agricultura Tropical 0.2 c, ;; 1/) • 8 .C (j (QUCOQN H\S10~\U. [FllO [JíJ@ ~ 01)~ OO@CQJllil@~ls lJ®[f j1®®~ I, ,! '311 O] CCoú\1J Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical CONTENTS Page OVERVIEW 1 1. The 1993 Budget Request: A Companion Document to lhe CIAT Medium-Term Plan for 1993-1998 1 Il. CIAT' s 1993 Budget Request in Perspective 1 CENfERWIDE STRATEGIES ANO OPERATlONAL MANOATE 3 l. Germplasm Development and Resource Management: An Integrated Approach 3 11. The Board of Trustees 5 111. Organizational Structure 5 IV. Research Sites 6 RECENf ACHIEVEMENfS AND IMPACT 7 1. Organization 7 11. Research Programs 7 A. Germplasm Development 7 B. Resource Management 13 III. Institutional Development Support 14 IV. Administration & Operations 15 FINANCIAL AND BUDGETING INFORMA TION 17 1. 1991 Financia! Year 17 1I. 1992 Financia! Year 18 lIt Funding Request for 1993 19 APPENDIX 1. lisIS 21 II. Financial Tables 37 ACRONYMS ANO ABBREVIA TlONS 53 iii OVERVIEW l. The 1993 Budget Request: A Because Ihe CGIAR system lacked financial Companion Document to the resources, ClAT was asked to operate, in 1992, on a working budget of $27,700,000 CIAT Medium-Term Plan for ($26,500,000 from Ihe CGIAR and 1993-1998 $1,200,000 frem self-generated income). At Ihe same time, CIAT's hos! country, Colombia, revalued its currency significantly, In 1991, Ihe CGIAR received CIAT's long­ increasing CIAT's annual operational costs in range plan, aAT in (he 1990s and Beyond: Colombia by more Ihan $3,000,000. Faced A Slrategic Plan. In Ihe same year, Ihe wilh Ihe resulting shortfull of almost 26%, CGIAR approved CIAT's 1992 program and CIAT opted to proceed wilh Ihe following budget, which called for implementing Ihe Ihree-part strategy: Strategíc Plan during 1992. Restructure central administrative, In 1992, CIAT submits its Medium-Term financial, and support servíces operations Plan for 1993-1998 to TAC and Ihe CGIAR. lO reduce eosts (lhis allowed Ihe Center The Plan lays out Ihe operational program to absorb eost inereases by about and asscciated resource requirements for Ihe $1,500,000). 6-year periodo Redefine resource needs for Ihe rapid This publication presents !he financial implementation of Ihe Strategic Plan in rescurces request for 1993. In so doing, it terms of Ihe mínimum rescurces and fully coincides wilh Ihe program plans and activities required. This resulted in resource requirements for 1993 as presented significant reductions in ongoing in Ihe Medium-Term Plan. Hence, Ihis activities and downward adjustments in budget request is considered a companion Ihe definitíon of resources needed for I document to !he Plan, and its information new activíties. should be cross-referenced wilh Ihat in Ihe Plan. Realloeate resources according to Ihe outcome of Ihe above processes. Through Ihis Ihree-part strategy, CIAT was n. CIAT's 1993 Budget Request able lO arrive at a working budget for 1992, in Perspective amounting to $29,344,000. This budget includes $27,972,000 for Ihe new base (including 70 Senior Staff positions), and For 1992, Ihe year during whích Ihe $1,372,000 for Ihe net phasing costs of Strategíc Plan was to be implemented by outgoing and incoming activities. ClAT, Ihe CGIAR approved a budget of US$32,650,000, wilh a contíngent of 88 The budget request for actívities in 1993 Senior Staff positions. amounts lO $30,047,000, expressed in 1992 dollars, or $32,384,000 in curren! In addition, CIAT proposes a budget of (1993) dollars. 1 Inc\uded are 77 Senior Staff $10,988,000 for complementary activities. positions. The funds requested constitute the mínimum required to proceed expeditiously with !he implementation of the Strategic Plan. ¡ B~ause of a continuing process of rcva]uaHon of the Colombian peso, CIAT prújccts a cosi increase in 1992193 of 7%. 2 CENTERWIDE STRATEGIES AND OPERATIONAL MANDATE 1 Germplasm development research aims to (1) Slocks held by CIAT, sister centers, and characterize and broaden Ihe genetic base of regional and national institutions. selected commodities, and (2) understand Ihe gene-governed mechanisms Iha! determine This integrated approach is pursued wilhin a plant adaptation and productivity in major framework of interinstítutional cooperatlon production areas, including Ihose tropical aimed at enhancing complementarity and American ecosystems selected for íntensive ¡ncreasing cost-effectiveness of research at agroecological research. The goal is to national, regional, and international levels. develop Ihe potential of germplasm resources to increase Iheir output and efficiency in Page 4 shows Ihe operational mandate Ihat usíng inputs. The germplasm development governs CIAT's activities for Ihe 19905. Ihrust will require feedback on germplasm performance and needs, particularly in multispecies systems. This feedback will be obtained in collaboration wilh Ihe Resource l. Germplasm Development and Management Research Programs (RMRPs). Resource Management: An These programs will provide integrated Integrated Approach knowledge of production environments wilhin cenain ecosystems, lhereby providing a The pursuit of sustainable agricultural systems focus. The experience gained will development requires reconciling lhe crucial act as prototype for research on production trade-off between agricultural production and environments in olher ecosystems not studied conservation of Ihe natural resource base. by lhe RMRPs. To accomplish its mission, CIAT focuses on generating adoptable land use management Resource management research focuses on practices Ihat address trade-offs Ihrough (1) imponant tropical American germplasm development and resource agroecosystems Ihat are Ihreatened by management. increasingly intensive land use or natural resource degradation, and (2) Ihose lhat may These two spheres of activity complement have potential for relieving such pressures. each other by independently and jointIy The aim is 10 understand Ihe basic processes contributíng to Ihree interrelated eftorts. operating wilhin agroecosystems in order to They are (a) tocusing pn socioeconomic make agricultural production more incentives, (b) efficiently usíng external sustainable. The expenise on commodity­ inputs, and (e) developing environmental focused agroecology built up at CIAT over management techniques. Ihe last twenty years will be valuable. While invesligating technological options in Ihe The socioeconomic incentives targeted ecosystems, resource management approach deals wilh agrículture­ researchers will require Ihe panicipation of, related policies, land use strategíes, and support from experts in germplasm and sectoral development plans lhat development, as well as access to germplasm affect land use patterns across lhe 3 Box 1 Operational Mandate for the 1990s CIA T will contribute lo lechnology development thal willlead lo long-term improve­ menl in productivity of agricultural resources; to the development of innovative, more cost-effective agricultural research approaches and methods; to the strength­ ening of agricultural research institutions in participating countries; and to the development of interinstitutionallinkages. To that end, CIAT's activities center around the following three areas: Germplasm development research Beans: global responsibility tor common beans, including a sacondary emphasís on snap beans. Cassava: global responsibility; in Africe, through and in coordination with liTA. Rice: regional responsibility for Latín Americe and the Caribbean in coordination with IRRI. Tropical foragas: global responsibility in relatíon lo acid, infertile soils found be­ tween sea level and 1800 m.a.s.!.; in Afríca, Ihrough and in coordination with ILeA. Resource management research in tropical America Agroecosystems-orianted research in: Cleared forest margíns. Híllsídes with moderately acíd, low-fertilíty soils, with particular emphasis on Ihe míd-altitudes. Savannas wilh acíd soils. Land use research, emphasizing land use strategies and policy altematives. Institutional Development Support activities at national and regionallevels. Note: CIAT will also explore with sister institutions the potenlial 01 the crops in !heir respective mandates (e.g., maize/CIMMYT, sorghumllCRISAT, MPFTS/lCRAF, soybeanslllTA) as componen!s in produclion syslems within the agroecosystems listed above. 4 landscape, and influence farmers' decision in Ihe relevant eeosyslems, and tested making on choice of crops, resource components. allocation, and management techoiques. The Germplasm Development Programs The efficient use 01 ex/ernal inputs in provide Ihe Land Use Program wilh Ihe production process seeks iocreased eommodíty-specifíc information Ihat productivity aod maximum efficiency io allows Ihe developmeot of alternatíve Ihe use of available resources. land use scenarios and analysis of Ihe Innovatioos will be based on effeet of policy changes. understandiog bolh gene-governed plant responses to external variables (abioticfbiotic) and ecological processes Hnking biotic and abiotic system 11. The Board of Trustees compooeots. CIAT is governed by an independent Board The environrnentaJ rnanagernent of Trustees. The 1992-1993 membershíp of approach will focus on Ihe effects of Ihe Board is as follows: crop/soil and crop/crop interactions on soil structure/erosion and Iheir effeet on Lucfa Pearson de Vaccaro soil stability aod hydrology. Integrated (Chairman), Peru crop and pest management will be Vijay Shankar Vyas, India important complemeotary strategíes. Armando Samper Gnecco, (Chairman Emeritus), Colombia This dyoamic interaction between Ihe two Willíam A. Carlson, USA spheres of actívity will be reflected in Richard B. Flavell, U.K. organízational areas Ihat are linked no! only Fernando Homen de Melo, Brazil by Ihe exchange of materials and information Samuel Jutzi, Switzerland j but also by joínt research activíties. Chukichi Kaneda, Japan Jeffrey Leonard, USA The essential flows are as follows: Alfonso López Caballero, Colombia Antanas Mockus, Colombia The Agroecosystems Programs provide a Gustavo A. Nores systems perspectíve that allows Ihe (Director General), Argentina Germplasm Development Programs to Santíago Perry, Colombia focus Iheir technology efforts. Juan José Salazar, Colombia Jack Tanner, Canada I The Land Use Program provides Paul L. G. Vlek, Nelherlands agroecologícal and socíoecooomic Martin S. Wolfe, U.K. information Ihat ís relevant to Ihe Germplasm Development Programs. The Germplasm Development Programs III. Organizational Structure províde Ihe Agroecosystems Programs wilh information on Ihe feasibility of CIAT is structured along four organizational technical change for specífíc eommoditíes entities. The first is Ihe Resource 5 Management Research Division which substations witllin tIle country where further consists of tIle following programs: work. is carried out: Santander de Quilichao, Agroecosystems (Hillsides, Forest Margins, a 184-ha station located 60 k.m soutll of Cali and Savannas), Tropical Forages, and Land and characterized by acid, infertile soils; Use. Also attached to this di vis ion is Popayán, a mid-altitude, n-ha station located Informalion Management System. The 150 k.m soutll of Cali (both Santander and Germplasm Research Development Popayán stations are on land made 3vailable Division consists of the Bean, Cassava, and for CIAT'. use by the Fundación para la Rice Programs, as well as the research Educación Superior (FES), a private support units for genetic resources, Colombian educational foundation); Santa biotechnology, and virology. Institutional Rosa, a 31-ha station made available by tIle Development Support comprises the Federación Nacional de Arroceros de training, conferences, communications, and Colombia (FEDEARROZ), a nalional rice information (documentation) support growers' federation, and located near functions. Finance and Administration is Villavicencio in the piedmont of the eastern responsible for central financial and services Andes; and, finally, !he 22,000 ha research administration and financial and site at Carimagua, located in the heart of the administrative information systems. Colombian Llanos and comanaged by CIAT wi!h the Colombian nalional program, lCA. Cooperative arrangements are maintained IV. Research Sites with various national and regional institutions to help carry out regional and international CIAT's headquarters is on a 521-ha testing activities. In some cases, CIAT staff experiment station near Cali in Valle del are outposted for research purposes and 10 Cauca, Colombia. There are four principal support cornmodity network.s. 6 RECENT ACillEVEl\IENTS AND IMPACT l. Organization Substantial progress is also being made in improving bean genotypes for biological Wilhin lhe last year, CIAT has been nitrogen fixation (BNF). Through inbred adjusting to lhe requirements of lhe Strategic back crossing, low-fixing cultivan have been Plan, lhe implementation of which was improved to be good fixers. Efforts are also formally initiated in 1992. Before lhe Plan being made to improve fixation in lhe best could be initiated funds were drasticalIy fixers. It is now cIear that different traits reduced. The minimum set of core-funded associated wilh BNF are heritable and activities needed to carry out lhe Plan, had, genetically distinct, opening the way lO lherefore, to be comprehensively reassessed. improve BNF plateaus lhrough combining The resulting analysis provided lhe basis for different traits. extensively redeploying resources from existing activities to lhe new resource For the first time, lines bred for water management programs and selected deficit/drought adaptation have been coded. organizational adjustments. In two seasons, lhese SEQ Iines have outyielded tolerant checks by as much as 500-1000 kg under water deficit stress. The potential of breeding for tolerance of water I 11. Research Programs deficits is high. A. Germplasm Development This year, lhe Bean Program cloned lhe DNA fOf lhe angular leaf spot fungus and developed a recombinant plasmid library. Bean Program The findings support lhe hypothesis of coevolution of beans and angular ¡eaf spot, Recent Achievements which may be significant in lhe deployment of resistance genes. The screening of germplasm accessions has identified a number of material s adapted lO A major breakthrough occurred in early J9 91 low phosphorus soils. Low P tolerance has when foreign genes were successfully long been known to exist in lhe introduced into beans lhrough genetic Mesoamerican gene pool, but recently CIAT engineering. This offers the promise of has discovered good materials in lhe improving resistan ce lo bean golden mosaic evolutionarily distant Andean gene pool. An virus, as well as illustrating lhe effectiveness initial cross, including bolh Andean and of a biotechnological technique for generating Mesoamerican parents, produced lhe highest transgenic plants. yielding F, population under P stress. This suggest lha! lhere is great potential in lhe Overall levels of tolerance of lhe leathopper, Andean material, and lhat lhere is significant Empoasca kraemeri, in common beans have promise in undertaking difficult crosses steadily increased under a breeding strategy between different gene pools. where yield under leathopper attack is the 7 principal selection criterion. Significant Training in Ihe Andean region moved into a yield increases have been obtained, not only highly specialized mode, focusing on in lhe tolerant small-seed cream and black advanced internships to meet specific nalional types, but also in Ihe difficult large and program needs. small-seeded, red and white beans. The tolerant Unes also have high yields in Ihe Future planning for bean research was a absence of insect attack. major concern in Ihe Africa Regional Program. A participatory p lanning workshop Impad for lhe SADCC region of soulhern Africa was held in Malawi in March 199 L This Changes in bean production systems between successful workshop planned Ihe broad 1975 and 1989 have been assessed in strategic direetions for lhe regional network Colombia as a case study to shed light on for lhe next seven years. Namibia joined Ihe farmer demand for technology. Use of SADCC network Ihis year. agrochemicals among small farmen has increased dramatically. Even where small In work on the bean stem maggot, Ihe farmers use new varieties, Ihey do nol rely principal inseet pest of beans in Africa, of 29 on a single variety, bu! spread Iheir risks by lines previously reported as resistant or planting a set of varieties. Labor has tolerant, eight were eonfirmed as superior declined substantially over Ihe period, and will advance for further testing. Almost indicating lhe importance of seeking all Iines dcmonstrating resistance so far have technologies Ihat increase labor productivity. been introduced to Afríca by CIAT. To improve Ihe reliability of bean stem maggot The lnternational Bean Trials Network met in sereening, mass-rearing procedures are being Cali, in October, to address research developed to perrnit controIled artificial challenges to improve bean production in pressure, different cropping systems. Sustaining productivity in favored monocullure, in Weed control requires considerable labor in favored mixed cropping, and in fragile smalI-scale African production systems where environments was assessed, Ihere are ofien constraints on labor availability. A study was conducted in The regional bean research workshop for Ihe Uganda to determine Ihe morphological Andean Zone (RELEZA) was held al CIAT, characteristics of beans able to compete wilh in June, organized by ICA. Over 100 weeds. In trials over Ihree seasons, bolh researchers participated, and 79 research bean leaf size and leaf area index were found papers were presented. to be significantly associated wilh reduced weed biomass. Including Ihese two factors A Spanish language multidisciplinary course as additional critería in cultivar selection for bean researchers was held in Cali in would help improve ability to suppress February-March 1991. The target group for weeds. Ihis course comprised young scientists who have recently joined national bean research A very active training program was pursued programs. in Africa, including a research melhods 8 course for Kenya and an on-farm methods national institutions, which takes into course for the southem Africa SADCC consíderation farmers' criteria for selecting region, held in Tanzania. A Pan-Africa and adopting new eassava varieties. This has course in farmer participatory methods for contributed to the refinement of breeders' senior on-farm and bean researchers was held selection criteria. in Tanzania, to expose researchers to the opportunities that partícipatory methods Preliminary experiments on seed treatment offer. and germination nave been undertaken as 1 part of a multidisciplinary project to explore the development of true cassava seed as a Cassava Program production alternative. Recent Achievements Researen on cassava's tolerance of prolonged mid-season water stress nas revealed that The recent arrival of numerous cassava cenain physiological and morphological germplasm accessions from lITA and Asian cnaraeteristies are associated with tolerance national prograrns, will further accelerate of water stress and with yield stability. Most cooperative endeavors with Africa and Asia. notably, the ability to rapidly form and Recent germplasm introductions from Brazil maintain leaf area is of paramount will properly represent one of the richest importance, Genotypic characteristics related centees of genetic díversity, A core to better partitioning of biomass between leaf collection representing the overall genetic and stem may lead to higher leaf area index diversity has been defined and will be without adverse effect on root yield. available in 1992 for duplication in another institution. In vitro and field collections of Research on cassava photosynthesis in wild Manihot relatives have begun, Some relation 10 erop productivity nas revealed that species are already included in crossability cassava's high photosynthetic potential studies, and biochemical and molecular underlies its hign productivity under charaeterization. favorable condilíons as well as ilS tolerance of stressful environments. elAT's cassava in vitro active gene bank is probably the largest and most complete for Electrophoretic analysis of esterase isozymes any erop in the world. This year, consistent were developed to identify cassava recovery of plants from cassava shoot tips, genotypes. DNA-based techniques for the cryopreser'lOO in liquid nitrogen has been analysis of Manihot genetic diversity have achieved. This breakthrougn opens the way been developed, to a long-term, gene bank storage of cassava. Plant regeneration is necessary for a 1 A promising eollaborative effort with transformation system in cassava, Plant Brazitian institutions to develop cassava regeneration through somatic embryogenesis germplasm for the world's semiarid and on immature leaves and meristem tips has subtropical regions has been initiated. becn developed. This ís an important firsl step loward a transformation system in A participatory researeh model has been cassava. 1 developed, in cooperation with Colombian 9 Impact water sourees, which is a major envíronrnental problem in sorne Iocalities. A study on the adoption of cassava Work is under way 10 improve extraction production technology componenls in the efficiency and product quality and to Colombian Atlantic coaSI was undertaken this introduce simple effluent treatment. year. Preliminary results of a subsample of the data shows that cassava drying plants Cassava breeding programs in Asia have have served as an effective vehícle for benefited significantJy from CIAT's selected cassava technology diffusion. and upgraded genetic materials. Since 1975, over 270,000 hybríd seeds from CIAT in The Ecuadorean integrated cassava project Colombia have been distributed to nine operates primarily in two coastal provinces, countries. The establishment of a joint Thai­ Manabí and Esmeraldas. The goal of the CIAT cassava breeding program has broughl project is 10 unite and integrate the efforts of about further progress in breeding for yield, local, national, and international agricultural high dry matler, adaptation 10 semiarid development institutions to identify cassava lowland tropics and improved plant type. production, processing, and utilization lechnologies appropriale for low-resource A collaborative projecl between CIAT and cassava farmers. Total OUtpUI from farmer lITA is dedicated to broadening the African associations in Manabí íncreased markedly cassava germplasm base through introducing from 50 lons of cassava fiour during the from the Americas germplasm adapted 10 initial year of the project (1985-86) 10 1,346 specific agroeconomic conditions. The lons of fiour and 104 tons of starch during results oblained so far from this large-scale 1990-91. germplasm introduction support the feasibility of such a program and suggest that An integrated cassava development projecI a preselection of parents based on their was initiated in the State of Ceará, Brazil, in agroecological adaptation is a step forward in 1989. One of the principal activities of the a germplasm-exchange programo project has been the organization of farmers' groups for the construction, operatíon, and administratíon of cassava processing Rice Program facilities. When the project iniliated activities in 19S9, 12 drying plants already Recent Achievements existed. By the end of August 1991, the total number of small-scale processing plants To strategically breed for leaf and neck blast had risen 10 59. resistance in irrigated and rainfed lowland rice, CIAT shifted research toward a "hot The fresh cassava storage technology spot" approach. A long-term analysis of the developed by CIAT/I\RI is being tested and progress being made revealed significant and adapled to conditions in Paraguay. Starch is substantial reductions in susceptibility to both used mainly to make a traditional bread leaf and neck bias!. known as "chipa." The artisanal and small-scale starch exlraction processes The upland breeding populations are entering employed are very inefficient, with a their third round of recombination. Major recovery of only 60 % and contamination of improvements in plant type, disease 10 resistance, and grain quality conHnue lo be distinct Iineages. Close scrutiny of the made, The populations are being partilioned variation suggests that it is nonrandom, and into subsets, according to height, earllness, that the potential range of pathogenicity in a and input responsiveness and lodging site may be predictable. The results sU'ggest susceptibillty, These groups are expected to both a comprehensive breeding strategy for be differentially suited to the various blast and the faet that durability or resistance production scenarios in the region, such as may be extended through appropriate nallve savanna/severely degraded pasture; management practices. relatively well-managed mixed pastures; and high input crops (e.g., soybeans). Impact Significant progress in improving the Six different Integrated Pest Management efficiency of regenerating double-haploid (IPM) research activities were eonducted on plants through anther culture continues lo be blast and pest management in Guyana and made. A ninefold increase in response was Trinidad. A monitoring tour and workshop realized within recalcitrant genotypes by on IPM, involving 25 papers, were organized modifying the standard medium. Anther in both countries. culture is now a routine tool for upland breeding and research in rice "hoja blanca" Coneerning small-farm machinery, eight field virus and rice blast resistance. days were organized in Dominican Republic for extensionists, farmers, and agricultural Weed management for sustainability focuses journalists. on integrating alternatives lo reduce weed pressure with the leasl adverse effects on the Thirty-one seIS, with a total of 1,441 of environment. Knowledge of crop loases advanced rice Iines, were sent 10 eight resulting from weed interference is essential Caribbean Rice International Network for the economically rational selection of countries and to Colombia and Mexico. weed management strategies. Competidon experirnents with weeds, including red rice, The socioeeonomic section of the Prograrn were conducted. The critical period when has concentrated on studying the complex losses to weed competition and the expected issues of rice technology supply and demand yield reduction occur were thus determined. from the angle of the producen and their The information obtained facilitates the environment. This task has become crucial evaluation of economic benefits of diverse in supporting collaborative research plans in weed management alternatives and the Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, and Brazil identification of rice growth characteristics within a multidisciplinary and related to its competitiveness with weeds. interinstitutional frarnework. Major activities have encompassed the study of the adoption The prograrn has been breeding rice for bl ast and impact oí new semidwarf varieties in resistance at a favored upland site for the Latin America; the characterization oí past seven years. Analysis of the blast farmers and rice farming practices in Brazil, population indicates that it is very variable; Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador; and the however, DNA fingerprinting analysis shows study of rice demand and market integration Iba! mos! of the variability is within five in Colombia. 11 Tropical Forages Program aggressive grasses such as Brachiaria spp. and Cynodon spp. Recent Achievements Arachis pintoi is a highly promising legume. Currently, the most important grass pest " Unfortunately, the genetic variability of the throughout tropical America is the presem collection is extremely limited. An spittlebug. Over the last four years, a major initial collection trip, jointly organized with activíty has been the deveJopment of EMBRAPA's CENARGEN, was undertaken reproducible and reliable methods to ensure this year in parts of the States of Minas uniform ínfestation of germplasm under Gerais and Bahia. Other collection trips are evaluation. Harvesting eggs for mass field currently being organized. infestation of hundreds of accessions is now possible. The meehanics of suecessful field A large variety of woody legumes is being infestation are still being researehed, evaluated for their potential in agroforestry in beeause, under sorne circumstances, egg the humid tropies. Although several species predation is heavy. are believed 10 be very well adaptated to extremely acid and infertile soHs, a yet Progress has been made in understandíng the unresolved issue is their nutritional quality, ecology of leaf-cutting ants. These insects since antiquality factors, mainly polyphenols, severely affeet the establishment of sorne key have been found. Nevertheless, there is al80 grass species, such as Andropogon gayanus, preliminary evidence that in at least some and crops such as rice. This knowledge is species, there is al80 genetic variability for highly relevant to agronomic practices that this trait. may, depending on circumstanees, destroy ant neSIS during land preparation. Significant progress in germplasm screening is being realized in the Cerrados after years Ongoing work al Pueallpa, Pero, and three of slow advances. There is now Iíttle doubt siles in Costa Riea have confirmed the that a wide range of legume and grass widespread potential of two key legumes for species have substantial agronomic potential moderately acid soils. These are Centrosema for the "várzeas,· or seasonally flooded macrocarpwn and Arachis pintoi. The main lowlands, of the Cerrados. For the Jarger, issue to be resolved for Centrosema and more typical, acid-soil Cerrado macrocarpwn is its persistence under environment, legume species such as grazing. Closely linked to this issue is the Calopogoniwn spp. are promising. A large potential role of this legume in more colleetion of this species has been assembled intensive production systems, such as dual­ and is being tested. purpose systems. Grazing experiments have continued at aH The widespread adaptation of Arachis pintoi major screening sites. The most exciting 10 the wetter environments of tropical results from the Cerrados refer to the America has now been amply confirmed. long-term persistence of selected rrials at various sites leave no doubt about grass-Iegume associations, accompanied by ilS long-term persistence under severe very high weight gaíns. These associations grazing pressure and its compatibilíty with maintained animals' weight throughout the 12 extended dry season, whereas animals on expected to continue wilh Ihe support of Ihe pure grass pastures suffered severe weight new Savannas Program. los8. The feasibility of grass-Iegwne pastures foc Ihe Cerrados is Ihus a reality at On-farm work on Ihe Colombian plains has Ihe experimental leve!. Ihe longest tradition in Ihe Program. These activities have been successfully transierred Nutritional studies carried out in grazing almos! totaI1y to Ihe national programo The experiments al Carimagua have demonstrated project has provided technical sUPPort and Ihat improved grass species are defident in seeds for Ihe establishment of approximately protein unless associated wilh legumes. 20,000 hectares of sown pastures, wilh Market forces will probably induce grass-legume associations representing about intensification of production systems in Ihe 50% of Ihe total. Seed multiplicatíon savanna region, hence Ihe introduction of activities have had greal impact, leadíng to agricultural crops and legume/grass pastures Ihe emergence of new seed producers, becomes even more important. including established prívate firms, individual graziers, and new institutions Ihat became Impact actively involved in seed production efforts. New melhodology has been adapted and Despite an essentiaIly Latín American developed for grazing experimentalion. This responsibility, Ihe Program has gained methodology is now avaiJable lo RIEPT in worldwide recognition fur its efiorts in Ihe form oi two published manuaIs. A developing grass and legume germplasm for workshop on grazing melhodologies was airo acid soils. Because Ihe selected materials held for researchers already active in Ihat and melhodologies developed may be widely area. adaptable, Ihe Program anticipates its germplasm responsibilities to evolve from A number of on-farn¡ initiatives have regional 10 global. In 1991, Ihe firs! steps continued, in cooperation wilh national were undertaken to create a regional network institutions. These inelude (a) Ihe plains and among six Southeast Asían countries. Andean piedmont of Colombia, wilh ICA and various development banks and olher agents; (b) Caqueta Departrnent, in Ihe B. Resource Management Colombian Amazon basin, wilh Ihe local university, lCA, a graziers' association, a The reader is referred to Chapter 3 of Ihe number oi government institutions, and CIAT Medium-Term Plan 1993-1998, which NesÚé; (e) northern Cauea, Colombia, in shows CIAT's progress in defining Ihe association wilh CVC, a nongovernment concept of resource management research in institution (FUNDAEC), a graziers' operational terms, including Ihe fine-tuning association, and olhers; (d) in Guapiles, on of its strategies and the definition of its Ihe Atlantic coast of Costa Rica, wilh CATIE activities and expected outputs. Chapter 3 and Ihe Minislry of Agriculture; (e) in also describes how CIAT has successfully Pucallpa, Peru, with IVITA; and (f) in entered a series of interinstítutional Silvania, Goiás, Brazil, wilh arrangements in resouree management EMBRAPA-CPAC. These activities are research, and its considerable progress in 13 identifying research sites for Ihe documents, 1,100 answers to reference agroecosystems in its operational mandare questions, and nearly 1,000 literature (hillsides, savannas, and forest margins). searches. Externa! users, on Ihe other hand, purchased photocopies of about 12,000 By Ihe second half of 1992, CIAT will have documents, received answers to over 800 successfully recruired research leaders to reference questions, and were served by head Ihe newly created programs and Ihus more than 2,000 literature searches. formally initiated resource management research. The productivity of Ihe Graphic Arts Unit increased by 44% (10 20,000 camera-ready pages). Simultaneously, because desk-top pubJishing was adopted, typesetting was 111. Institutional Development reduced by 35%. Support Major books produced were Tissue Culture in Agriculture. Common Beans: Researchfor Recent Achievements and Impact Crop lmprovement, and A World Lisl of Fungal Diseases of Tropical Pasture To strengthen national research capacíty, Species. Important working documents IDS, in close collaboration with the NARS, published were lntegrated Cassava Projects, selected trainees strictly on the basis of Ihe Contribution of lmproved Pastures 10 research team strengthening objectives. Tropical Animal Produclion, and Pasture Personalized training programs were Research in Southeast Asia. Of CIAT's designed for each trainee, and involved 147 extensíve portfolio of publications, nearly professionals. 70,000 copies of periodicals were distributed; almost 5,000 publicatíons and 6,000 study National research-development 1inks were guides were sold; and more than 2,000 strengthened by training extensionists; and by miscellaneous items were donated. developing seed systems. However, direct training of extensionists is being reduced in In J9 92, the training, communications, favor of developing subregional teams of information, and seed activities were trainers who will take over this integrated under Instítutional Development responsibility. Therefore, only four in­ Support. Duríng the transition toward this country courses for extensionists were held new arrangement, several seed systems in 1991. development activities conducted by the Seed Unít, the Central American and Andean Bean Three subregional training teams were projects, the Training and Communications successfully developed for bean production in Support Program, and the Tropical Pastures Central America, for rice produetion in the Program were linked into common efforts. northern Andean countries, and for cassava production and utilization in the Southern M ajor progress was made in conceptualizing Cone. and implementing alternative small-scale seed supply systems for crops and other plant The Information Unit provided CIAT species of CIAT's ínterest, whích are not scientists with photoeopies of 13,000 served by the established seed índustry. To 14 derive general principies for lhe successful IV. Administration & Operations establishment and management of such systems, real systems are being supported In 1992, al! financial, administrative, and and monitored in six Latin American central serviees (including station operalions) countries. Seed processing equipment areas were analyzed and restructured appropriate to lhe scale of lhese systems has according to lhe needs of Ihe Center's new been developed or adapted, and deployed al endeavors, wilh lhe aim of reducing lhe size nine sites or institutions in Central America, and costs of lhese operations wilhout undue Ihe Caribbean, and lhe Andean regíon. The 1088 of efficiency. This proeess reduced siles provide feedback on lhe equipment's support staff positions by 90 (18 % of suitability, and a focal point for further personnel) and reduced eosl inereases in dissemination of lhe new technology. Colombia, by about $1.5 million. 15 FINANCIAL AND BUDGETING INFORMATION lo 1991 Financial Year Tables 1 to 14, on pages 38 to 52, provide detail s for the financial years 1991 and 1992, The 1991 financial year was marked by and the 1993 funding request. profound structural changes in the economy of CIAT's host country, Colombia, which Core Program significantly increased the costs of doing business locally with a dollar-denominated Because of a general underfunding of the budget. Early in the year, with inflation approved budgets of the CGIAR, CIAT was hovering around 30%, the Colombian asked to operate at a funding level of Government was concerned that inflation $28,816,000 ($28,100,000 from the CGIAR would get out of control. Thus, the and $716,000 from self-generated income). Government attempted to curb the money This working budget was 12% below the supply by drastically increasing the monies CGIAR approved core budget of that cornmercial banks needed to deposit with $32,672,000. the Central Bank. This led to very high domestic interest rates, which, concomitant Operating Expenditures with the substantial liberalization of exchange restrictions, had the effect of attracting large Operating expenses were $28,987,000, amounts of external monetary resources to representing an increase of $1,981,000 over the Colombian economy. the working target of $27,006,000. This increase was a result of introducing With so many dollars pouring into the depreciation accounting, which charges economy and interfering with the inflation depreciation costs against the operations control measures, the Government resorted to budget (rather than the capital budget). The a second monetary tool: the exchange rateo depreciation charge in 1991 amounted to The Government moved from an officially $1,965,000. It should be noted that, in the controlled exchange rate to one determined reported operating expenses, the previously by market forces. The net effect was a mentioned revaluation effect in operating revaluation of the peso by about 13 % by the costs in 1991 of $400,000 is also included. end of 1991. Capital Expenditures For 1991, the increase in operating costs due to the revaluation measures was limited to New capital expenditures amounted to $400,000 (dollars) because (1) the $659,000. Replacement capital expenditures, Government measures started only in late representing $984,000, were financed from June 1991: and (2) CIAT had a 3-month the Capital Fund that earlier was credited stock of pesos at that time. The full effect of with the annual depreciation charge of the revaluation on operating costs started to $1,965,000. be felt with full force in early 1992. 17 Earned Income the Plan, assuming that a major portion of the proposed complementary activities can Self-generated income amounted to also be funded. $1,790,000, or $1,074,000 more than originally expected. This increase stemmed Working Budget largely from the high domestic interest rates earned on CIAT's peso investments that Against an approved core budget of became available because of an improved $32,650,000 ($30,664,000 for operations and status of the working capital. $1,986,000 for capital), a total amount of $27,700,000 was expected to be available. Donor Funding Income from donors was expected to represent $26,500,000 and self-generated Actual income from donors was income $1,200,000. $27,856,000. Taking into consideration self­ generated income, total available funds for The resulting working budget is shown in the 1991 core program were $29,646,000. Table 1 (Appendix I1). Using the 1991 working budget as a starting point, List 2 Complementary Activities (Appendix 1) shows the adjustments that were introduced to arrive at the 1992 working In 1991, complementary activities executed budget of $29,344,000. This working budget by CIAT amounted to $5,117,000 (see Table reflects a new budget base of $27,972,000, 2, Appendix I1). List 1 (Appendix 1) plus $1,372,000 for the net phasing costs of identifies the various projects involved. outgoing and incoming activities. The 1992 proposed working budget exceeds the projected availability of funds by 11. 1992 Financial Year $1,644,000. This shortfall will need to be absorbed by CIAT's existing reserves. Prospects for the Year No line item for new capital appears in the Because of the significant underfunding 1992 working budget. Capital expenditures projected for 1992, the Center had to make for the year will be financed from the Capital an important choice: to delay implementing Fund created from the annual depreciation the Strategic Plan until additional resources charge, which for 1992, will amount to became available; or to forcefully and $2,000,000. immediately put into operation the Strategic Plan by restructuring and reducing existing Complementary Activities activities and introducing the new set of activities. The resource requirements for the In 1992, CIAT expects to spend $7,104,000 core budget, as presented in the next section, in the form of complementary activities (see correspond to what is considered as the List 3, Appendix 1). minimum set of resources for implementing 18 111. Funding Request for 1993 Detailed information on the proposed operating equipment $500,000; vehicles alloeation of resourees for 1993 is provided $420,000; furnishing and offiee equipment in Chapter 8 of the GAT Medium-Term Plan $50,000; research equipment $750,000; and 1993-1998. Total core funding requirements computer equipment $180,000. for 1993 amount to $32,384,000 ($32,084,000 for operations and $300,000 Earned Income for capital). List 4 (Appendix 1) shows the changes in the proposed 1993 funding request Earned income for 1993 is projected 10 as compared with the 1992 working budget. amount to $700,000, comprising self­ generated ineome from farm production, Operating Expenditures overhead on complementary projects, and financial transactions (mostIy interest). Operating expenditures proposed for 1993 are $29,747,000 before price adjustments. Donor Funding As can be seen in Table 1 (Appendix 11), this amount is $403,000 aboye the level of the Against the budget request for $32,384,000 1992 working budget. and in light of a projected self-generated ineome of $700,000, CIAT's request for InflationlExchange Rates funding from Ihe CGIAR amounls lo $31,684,000. The Colombian inflation rate underlyíng CIAT's budget request for 1993 is 28%. Object oC Expense Analysis Offsettíng the government-announeed annual devaluatíon rate of 15 % from this figure Table 8 (Appendix I1) presenls the 1993 results in a net priee íncrease of 11 % in the budget propasal broken down by calegory of peso-denominated share of the budget. For expense (object of expense). A noteworthy dollar-denomínated costs, the current faet is that, in the progressiw reductions in estimate of 4 % inflatíon is maintained. The the budget, CIAT has been able 10 maintain, resulting weighted average price inerease for or even reduce, the percentage oí total 1993 is 7%. resources c1aimed by personnel. This is despite Ihe sharp revaluation of the Capital Expenditures Colombian peso, which, in do llar lerms, íncreased the COSI of locally recruited staff by Capital requirements for 1993 are 20%. To keep personnel costs in the 60%- $2,300,000, of whieh $2,000,000 are of a 63 % range, a disproportionally large replacement type and will be finaneed from percentage of local staff positions needed 10 the Capital Fund. An additional $300,000 is be eliminated in 1992. for new capital required to keep up with advances in new technology and the The trend of decreased expenditures in requirements of new research thrusts. training, as shown in Table 8 (Appendix Il), Proposed expenditures are as follows: reflects the fae! tha! the Center is de­ buildings and site improvements $400.üOO: emphasizing productíon-oriented training, an activity tha! is progressively being devolved Complementary Activities to regional and in-country levels. CIAT proposes complementary activities for Finally, the rather large and progressive 1993, amounting to $10,988,000 and reduction in travel expenditures is the result involving 25 Senior Staff positíons. List 5 of a management decísion 10 curtail !ravel to (Appendíx 1) summarizes the projected the mínimum necessary. Thís is an area of complementary activities and shows the concern as international mobílíty is central 10 fundíng status of the respective projects. maxímizing the comparative advantage of an ínternational research center such as CIA T. 20 Appendix 1 LISTS 1. Complementary actívities in 1991 2. Changes in the 1992 working budget vis-a-vis the 1991 working budget 3. 1992 Complementary activities 4. Principal changes in the proposed 1993 budget 5. 1993 Proposed complementary actívities List 1. Complementary activities in 1991 ('000 US$) Senior Activity StafT Expenses Donor J. Bean Program Eastern, southern, and Great Lakes Region of Africa 5 1,826 USAID/CIDAISDC Andean region 1 135 SDC Central America 282 SDC Research on Phaseolus germplasm 63 ltaly Genetic improvement 36 Belgium Bean improvement 13 Iran Microbiology 3 GTZ IPM development system 5 IDRC 2. Cassava Program Development of cassava germplasm 198 IFAD Development of production and processing technologies (NE Brazil) 258 Kellogg Foundation Development of cassava in Ecuador 1 78 FUNDAGRO Cassava processing in Colombia 62 IDRC Development of cassava processing and utilization 154 Colombia Cassava flour utilization 28 France Cassava development 9 Rockefeller Foundation Soil conservation 73 Germany Physiology research 65 Australia Biological control of cassava mire 162 UNDP 3. Rice Program Caribbean Rice Improvement Network 1 465 CIDA Rice biotechnology research 96 Rockefe lIer Foundation (Continued) 22 List 1. (Continued) Senior Activity Staff Expenses Donor 4. Tropical Forages Program Research for improving native grasslands 87 Japan CSIRO forage seeds--Asia 110 Australia Tropical forages network 5 ¡DRC Seed pasture production 2 IDRC Pastures productíon systems 19 GTZ 5. Research Suppon Farmer participatory research 1 273 Kellogg Foundatíon 6. Trainíng and Conferences 401 Varíous 7. Capital and replacement 209 CIDA/USAIDI IDB/IDRCI Rockefeller IOthers TOTAL 9 5,117 23 List 2. Changes in the 1992 working budget, vis-a-vis the 1991 working budget Budget requirements Amount1 1991 working budget 28,816,000 + inflation adjustment (9%) _2593.000 1992 cost of 1991 sel of activitíes 31,409,000 Area Germplasm Developmenr Research Division l. Bean Program a. Deletion of positions fOf: - Cropping Systems Specialist (150,000) - African-based posílions (3 positions) (645,000) - Regional coordination in tbe Andean regíon (254,000) - Economics (158,000) - Microbiology (156,000) - Agronomy (lnternational IríaIs) (267,000) - Breeding (B1ack-seeded) (218,000) b. Addition of posilions fOf: - G/E Interaetíon 230.000 - Germplasm charaeterization 230.000 C. SekclÍve reduc¡ions in tbe operatíons budget (441.000) Cassava Program a. Deletion of positions for: - Agronomy (Asia) (175,000) - Agronomy (Americas) (217.000) b. Addítion of pos ilion fOf Genelics 230.000 c. Selective reductions in tbe operations budget (167,000) (Continued) 24 List 2. (Continued) Area Amount' 3. Rice Program a. Deletíon of positions for: - Coordination of the Caribbean regional program (90,000) - Breeding (206,000) - Agronomy (166,000) - Economics (112 position) (49,000) - Entomology (112 position) (47,(00) b. Addition of position for Physiology 230,000 c. Net other adjustments 62,000 4. Tropical Forages Program a. Deletion of positions for: - Screening (Llanos) (230,000) - Nutrient recycling (Humid tTopies) (107,000) - Livestock: systems (257,000) - Economics (130,000) - Jntegration of systems (217,000) - Pasture reclamation (Cerrados) (172,000) - Screening (Forest margins) (119,000) - Ecophysiology (223,000) - BNFI N recycling (212,000) - Entomology (112 posítion) (78,000) b. Addition of position fOf Germplasm Specíalist 230,000 c. Deletion from the core program of tropical forages network (180,000) d. Selective reductions in the operations budget (399,000) S. Biotechnology Research Unit Addition of position for Molecular Geneticist 85,000 (Continued) 2S List 2. (Continued) Area Amount' 6. Genetic Resources Cni! Addition to operations budget 62,000 7. Strategic research initiatives in germplasm development 100,000 Resource Management Research Dívísion l. Land Use Program a. Addition of positions for: - Program Leader 300,000 - Agricultural land use 230,000 - GIS/lnfonnation management 200,000 b. Support for Sociologist 40,000 2. Savannas Program Addition of positions for: - Program Leader 360,000 - Crop/pasture systems (Cerrados) 230,000 - Nitrogen cycling 230,000 - Nutrient cycling 230,000 - Ecophysiology 230,000 - Fanning systems economics (1/2 position) 120,000 3. Forest Margins Program Addition of position for Program Leader 300,000 (Continued) 26 Lis! 2. (Continued) Area Amouotl 4, HiIlsides Program Addition of position for Program Leader 300,000 5, Strategic research ínitiatíves in resource management research 100,000 Research Suppon 1, Closing of Agroecological Studies Unít (now incorporated in Land Use Program) (237,000) 2, Elimination of line ítem for research contracts (now incorporated in ·strategic research initiatives") (169,000) 3, Deletion oí position for Information Management System (86,000) 4, Selective reductions in !he operations budget for Research Stations (278,000) 5, Net o!her modifications in Research Support 64,000 lnstitutiona[ Development Support 1. Deletion of !he Seed Supply Unít (562,000) 2. Transfer of Project Design Specialist from Management and Administration (paid from indirect costs recovery) o 3. Deletíon from !he core program of human resources development (238,000) 4. Net o!her modifications in Institutional Development Support (383,000) (Continued) 27 List 2. (Continued) Area Amount! Management and Administratíon l. Reduction in central services (160,000) 2. Net other modifications in Management and Administratíon (193,000) 3. Transfer of Prciject Design Specialist to Institutional Development Support (paíd from indirect costs recovery) o 4. Addition to the operations budget oC Board of Trustees 16,000 Others Addition of depreciation expense to operations 2,000,000 Capital (1.810.000) Subtotal (3.437.QQQ) New 1992 budget base 27,972,000 Net phasing costs oC outgoing and incoming activities 1.372.000 TOTAL 1992 REQUIREMENTS 29,344,000 ===== 1 Numbers in parentheses signify negative amounts. 28 List 3. 1992 Complementary activities ('000 US$) Senior Activity StafT Budget Donor 1. Bean Program Eastern, southern, and Great Lakes Region oí Africa 7 2,285 USAID/CIDAISDC Andean region 1 425 SDC Research on Phaseolus germplasm 200 Italy Molecular mapping 54 Belgium 2. Cassava Program Genetic improvement 224 IFAD Plant nutritíon 80 IDRC Integrated pest and disease management 572 UNDP Biotechnology network 162 Netherlands Integrated projects in the Americas 1 560 Kelloggl FUNDAGRO/IDRC Molecular mapping 80 Rockefeller Foundation 3. Rice Program Caribbean Rice Improvement Network 1 200 CIDA Rice biotechnology research 90 Rockefeller Foundation Anther culture network 50 Rockefeller Foundation 4. Tropical Forages Program Screening: Southeast Asia 1 210 Australia Stabílity oí savannas resources I 166 No! yet funded Germplasm biology 91 IDRC In vitro management oí germplasm 134 GTZ (C ontinued) 29 List 3. (Continued) Senior Activity Staff Budget Donor 5. Genetic Resources Sorghum and soybean germplasm 80 Not yet funded 6. Resource Managemenl Research Division Improved native grassland (Savannas) 1 65 Japan Integrated crop/soil management (HiIlsides) 130 Germany 7. lnstiluJional Developmenl SUPPOrt Development of regional training capacity 600 IDB 8. Research Support Farmer participatory research 1 279 Kellogg Foundation 9. COnlingencies 67 Not yet funded 10. Capital 300 CIDAIUSAID/SDC/ IDB/Japan/Kellogg/ Others TOTAL 15 7,104 -- --- 30 List 4. Principal cbanges in tbe proposed 1993 budget Budget requirements Amount' 1992 workíng budget 29,344,000 Net phasing costs of 1992 outgoíng and incomíng activities (l,372,000) 27,972,000 Area Germplasm Development Research Division 1. Bean Program - Deletíon of posítion for Central America coordínatíon (120,000) 2. Genetíc Resources Unít - Addítion to operatíons budget 31,000 3. Strategíc research inítíatíves 85,000 Resource Management Research Division l. Land Use Program a. Addítíon of posítion for Envíronmental Impact Economics 200,000 b. Additional support for Sociologist 10,000 c. SuPPOrt for Resource Economics 50,000 2. Savannas Program - Research station support in Llanos 100,000 3. Foresl Margins Program Addition of positions for: Soils management/organic matter 200,000 Production systems 200,000 Anthropology 200,000 (Conlínued) 31 List 4. (Continued) Area Amount' 4. Hi11sides Program Addition of positions for: - Soil. rnanagernent 230,000 - Sociology/Anthropology 200,000 - Production systerns 200,000 5. Strategic research initiatives 85,000 Research Suppon 1. Addition of position for ¡rnpac! Assessment 200,000 2. Selective reductions in the operations budget for research stations C96,OOO) Subtotal operations 29,747,000 Addltional operating funds 234,000 Pria íncrease (inflation) 2.103,000 Subtotal operating requirernents 32,084,000 Capital 300,000 TOTAL 1993 REQUIREMENTS 32,384,000 ====== l Numbers in parentheses signify negative amounts, 32 Lis! 5. 1993 Proposed Complementary activities ('000 US$) Senior Activity StatT Budget Donor 1. Bean Program Easlern, southern, and Great Lakes Region of Africa 7 2,285 USAID/CIDAISDC Andean region I 300 SDC Research on Phaseolus germplasm 80 Italy Biotechnology network 300 Belgium Molecular mapping 57 Belgium Bean transformatíon 15 Not yet funded Snap bean breeding 1 255 No! yet funded 2. Cassava Program Genetic improvement 224 IFAD Plant nutrition 130 Not yet funded lntegrated pest and disease management 1 912 UNDP Integrated crop/soi! management I 300 Not yet funded Biotechnology network 312 Netherlands Integrated projects in the Americas 1 560 Kellogg/lDRCI FUNDAGRO Molecular mapping 80 Rockefeller Foundation True seed 130 Not yet funded Socíoeconomic research and product development in Asia 170 Not yet funded Wild germplasm 90 Not yet funded 3. Rice Program Caribbean Rice lmprovement Network 1 360 Not yet funded Rice biotechnology research 90 Rockefeller Foundation (Continued) 33 Appendix JI FINANCIAL T ABLES 1. Budget request by Programs and Uníts: Core 2. Budget request by Programs and Uníts: Complementary 3. Budget reques! by Programs and Activíty: Core 4. Budget reques! by Programs and Activity: Complementary 5. Budget request by research and research-related activíty: Core 6. Budget request by research and research-related activity: Complementary 7. Regional distríbution of research and research-related actívíty requirements: Core 8. Budget request by categoríes of expenditures: Core and complementary 9. Staffing pattern: Core 10. Staffing panern: Complementary 11. Budget reques! for capital expenditures and assets: Core and complementary 12. Budget request: Price assumptíons. Core 13. Budget request: Sources and application of funds 14. Budget request: Balance sheet. Core and complementary 37 Table 1. Budget rcquest by Programs and Units: Amount$1 for core activitios in 1990, 1991, 1992, and 1993 (SYs = Senior Staff yesr$1; thousands of curnmt US doUars), Act ual Actual 1992 1 1993 Changes over 1990 1991 BUd~t!t ......... I .~~et reqUe$Í 1992estimate ~ ~:R~_ _ ········t···~·ª~tJ~ I Sy, Arrlount Sv. Amount : S'Ys" : Amount 'S't'9 .. Amount Sv. A_m .. !:~L t--'" 1.0peratlona Germplasm Oevelopment I 8$ii\;¡s " 4,653 " 4,877 17 4,003 15 14 3,aso (500)1 {1Jj, G.aS1aV& 11 2,58Q 11 2,647 11 2.604 10 32,6,.5'5"- I 10 2,400 (25S)i (tC)i q,ce 8 t,981 8 1,648 1.75 1.652 • 1,655- • 1,540 (l~e)1 (7)1 TroplCdIForages '7 3,845 18 4.127 13.5 3,350 9.,' 2,6,;5 ••• 2,395 (22C}: ¡a¡ 81Otechnology 2 42' 363 ,3 600 500 , 3 500 -1 - VIfQ!ogy 2 3" ~I 359 2 352 2 352 - - QeretG truwur¡;;es 1 495 '1 ,. . , ""1"3' , 649 1 600 , Slralege I~$eaf(;h ir;,tiativés , 26 60 - 104 - 100 - "5 "ss 8S ""-'" 1 20' 1 210 1 - - ~a 1 .3<1 1 238 o.._, -_o._, . Total gefmplasm devclopmet.t ., 14,541 ! 54 14;695 506.25 13,!)13 4l.5 12,654 46.5 11,680 I {ti!,,}, (8) RoSOUlCO Management Fores! Matg,ns - - I , , 2 '80 1 300 4 soo! 800 200 HIIi'$Ide$ - .. , 2 '90 1 300 4 930 1 630 2'0 Savannas: - - .. - 5.7~ lAU ••• 1,400 5.' 1,500 i 100 7 Laro Use - .. , • 1,411 , 770 4 1.030 I 200 341 $llatege I1'%M.rch mrtlahws =1 .. 145 104 100 .. 85 65 Aeseatcl'l 1 i - - - '65 , 1 = 1 2'" 1 23~ 1 23' , 2>J+I --+- -_.~ Tolal ,~ou"'. ,1 202 , 1 348 16.75 4,134 11.5 .. 3!!.tº~. ..... 16.5 : .,778 i 1,675 i 54- Reooarch Support I 1 ! Research seN'lCM: .. 276 .. ". - J80 .. ",. - 438 i - .. r 'ela opemtloM , 817 , 852 1 904 1 8" , 773 : (981 (11) catl'"fHlgm\ .. 434 .. 404 - ""6 - 347 .. 347 - !nforrflalibtl managerrent! SlOmetry .. 510 1 .'8 1 752 - 507 - "O 3 1 V'srtf"lg se entlstsand posidoctorals .. .. "8 - 51" - S32 - 532 - - Impecla$$es$"I1cnl - A~! - - - , .. - , 200 200 - Agroecolog cal studies , 209 ' , ,.. - - - - - .. .. , An rMll heró - 260: - - - , - - - - - - t---= _ T0t.?Lr.~~!.~!t $UPport .. , ............ ~ ---------.-~ 2.956 : • 2,967 : ~q ......~ l~~.i 1 ?,,696 2 2,800 105 • Instltutlonal Developmenl Support AS'HX:!ate DlrIlcior , ql!5 , , I 1$5 : '.3 1 221! , .. - Proh"s$IQt'lé1 deve1oprnel\! - 1,097 : .. 910 : C(,)rlf. . rfH1o:.es. .,. '60 .. 19~ .1. ""2 400 (100) ",0 -- """ - "" ('81 2'0 , 24O - .. If"t1or'llatlon and docume'1tatlon , , 54' 1 580 : 1 574 , 5!l5 1 550 {35l, (61' Commlln'ca\,onPublic affalrs , 743 2 848 2 921 1,031 2 1,o.3i - ~dsjJpply I 438 2 512,1 ,2 53-7 ~I "" - - ~II (iOO) Prole<:t des.g" .... ¡ - r----- .. 1 , '1- - . -,. . - - -1 - 3,186 3,22. ~ '1AA .1 'lItH" . , ~ ..... ~~) ._-_. ' '-!~~!:::::':;~;~:':~tlo;--l' • • Board of TI"J$tee; .. ,'" , 171 .. Cefi1ta ad""l,r,slra!icn 6 1,903 • 1,801 5 ~ , 3,616 - /" ? 3 res Ci"1tra ,,(¡-r.,cm¡ : , 3/277 ..... - ...... t-- .. ~~~,~4g{tm~~'I_ _ a"d_~d_~¡tj~$trat¡on 6- r·' 5,409 6 5,588 1 o. Oepmcll'dion expense i , , , .. ! 1,965 ·-T ,. g '/~.:" '" ~. ..,. - / Contingencias -' 1 --'j~'-'-'_.+._~ T olal ;?Pétl1tlOI'\!, l. 2ll,'" 81 : 28,801: ..... 66: : Ptica increru:e ~~=====r:~~,~~.~ _._._._._- . / .:c<> 0<.'70 8 t 28,9!j'?'.-:- ....... ~._ .. ~ Addftfonal 404 ; +-_'1 ;:~º:::~:~~~:~eóC.C"~ ____ t-.'7'6+-~~,.~·II::~',1 28,'.",:r -~ . InwJstmerll:$ "'" - "" Q;.Of'1MiC 615 , ~ ! 491 3 Ot'1f11 (saJes, etc 1 57 i 120 -1 836 i 1700 -_. ._ ¡-- 2 16 : 25,863 ._ ~1 27,1 1,870 ..91. i 30 3. Total funding fequlremellts 7. 27,733 8l :¡!l,B56 ee 28" .. 1 .......7 7.1,1 =,3""".""." ..., " "I=,3,,,,,,,,,~i=,,;1;;,;31 PO$ilioh9 are shown for tM fvll year atthoogh. fo.. budgetaJ)' pUlposes, a flll ,.tio of Q6" ¡. 4\$$U~. Paid bom Inditect cO$t reeovery. 38 Table 2. Budget roquest by Programs aod Unit$: Amounts for comptementary activitie& in 1990, 1991. 1992. and 1993 (SY& = Senior St8ff yeara; thOU$80de of current US dolfars). 39 Table 3. Budgel reques! by Programs and AClivity: Amounts for core activllies in 1991, 1992. and 1993 (SYs = Senior Slaff years; thousands 01 current US dollars). 37 (193) (a¡ ,a• -'1. (1"8" (" 9) (3) '(169) (31 ......... .o.. • ., . .... 935 • ...5,3.. 1.1 2 .• 3,2..6.j o. • ..... . O• • ,.¡ ..0 • .0 3,581 ,."" 3,131 10.0 1,413 ••• ....., ••• 1,541 308 .." 1.3 3.7.!! t.1 482 103 ''''' 0.3. 0.1 193 ! .. To tal ..t ~"y' '.3 'i.~7 5.' 1.70" 1 .• ·,·'"-L .. ""O 30J 17~~ 5H. -.!~.175 51.3 1 .... ... 2-."..'". 1),1, ,~ ~,3<4é 12.8 ~.042 ~ .2.,1.0..3 -- • - • 59. • 40 Table 4. Budget request by Programs and Activily: AmounlS lar complementary activities in 1991, 1992, and 1993 (SYs = Senior Staft years; thousands 01 current US dollars). 1. Operations ptogram A. Researeh Ac1lvitíe$ 41 Table 5. Budget request by re$eareh and resoarch-refated activHy: Amounts for core activftiea in 1991, 1992. and 1993 (thou.ands of current US donar.; percent share). f\ctivjtie$ L ConHrwtion and managornent of naWfQl I 30 3,946 i 13.0 I '" 2,429 , 6.0 42 ,.... ~ .....' o ......~ .., ..... ~ .., -.. _, ~. ... ' ~.coe.nl· ~ ................ . in 1991. 1992. aod 1993 IlhOU.o"d. 01 cutre"' US dalla. .; p.r .hare). 9.0 71.0 . . 6.0 ¡ \09 1 21.0 \ 61 1 ~I 64.0 191.0 26\ 2.0 .9 31.0 ••. 0 6.0 ... 7.7 930 2.2 132 1.0 221 0.3 • 0.1 40 lO. . "." -.1 1.181 11,4 530 , • 8.7 .... 9.' B. • _1 48.0 - - _1 - - - - • •. ~ I - - 3.S -270 3.0 39 14.0 10.2 13.2 ".9 """ 43 Table 7. Regional diSlribution 01 rosearch and . COro reSOUrces in 1991, 1992, and ls9~i:~:;;::!,~.~tlVÍty requiremenls; Alloca/ion o, Activitíes I SSA 0.) ..... (%1 lAC N ---.......... - ....- ._ __. .... ___ ~ _______. 1f-:::9,~rl!l2::"¡,"r, ,::-1f.c.:-'!,T9C 2J,t;1J1..I 3-~-.-!,4I~ !!?~+c..l!!II3-l 1 t. ConservaUon and management 01 naturaf resourte, ! ¡ I J' ¡ ! I I 1 I ! i '1 1.1 Ecosystem conseNsúen and management i -1 -, - -1 -1 - 30i'30iI75 1.2 Germplasm collection, conselVstion, characteri2:ation, and eva!uatioo 12012.0, 2.• ,.01'511.5 'Oi 4.51,·0 2, GIJfmpfasm enhan~ement and breeding '1' UI¡8 _I¡U uI Ulu.s,;. nJI, u II 1' ,, u,I I I I 3, Produetion systems devefopment and management ,u11.n1u u!u.n¡'M¡lu I , 1 I 4. Soeloeconomie. pubtic poJicy. and publie management res68rch °11.0 \ ,. .5 1 •.5 ;\' 0.5 •. 5, 7"1 '0.0 1' 5, Institution building: ¡ I 1 30;1 20 1.5 1.0,,0,10.5 13.5 4,5 1,3 .• 5,1 Trainihg and COt'Iferences . . 5.2 Documentatioo, pubiicationn and dissemination of .In f orm"8uO O '. 1. 5 \ ,3 Q .3 o 00.55:', Ol~5 O 0150 83.5 6 .51I 16..551 L.O• 5.4 Netwot~$ ¡ 1,0 0.5 i 0.5 \ 1 ~.-..._ .....- ._._ _. .- ...- .....- .. ~ ·_·. .· .._ ·. ..." T' 1~0T ~'j;.5 •. 01,1»1 ;;; ;·-O-.O+66-~+¡j"-J>"¡ Total _____1__L ...J I .- t LAC "'" Latln America and Caribbean; SSA = Sub~Saharan Aft;ea. Table 8. Budget request by categories 01 expenditures: Amounts for core and complementary activities in 1990, 1991,1992, and 1993 (thousands of current US dollars). I~'-T -"," "I199-2 --~1 993 ¡Actual, Actual' Budget ,Budget ,~ :=;:~ Expenses by categorias , ___: 199 o 1 9 9 1 rAwro- 'TEslímate ' ,- $'000 i .. : -'-1 ' Care 1 Personnel U,608 18,597' 20,078 18,148' 18,148 - - Traini ng 1 ,030 914 1,295 692 692 - - Supplies Bnd servicas 4,696 4,285 5,157 4,991 5,066 75 2 Traval 1 ,920 1,730 1,879 1 ,600 1 ,678 78 1,496, 1.659 "S13 "as3' 250 '55 0D1ehperre ceixaplieonn seexsp ense ,;'" 26',-'2904,:°,), 1,965 ! 30~ 2,000l 2,000 ; - l - Contingency --, -1 I 300 30~bI- Subtotal 28,987 30,369. 29,344' 29.747 403 -1 1 Capital 1 'S7 659 : - Additional operating funds 4L04 -1 1 '92985s l --1 ;23U4 02o34l - Price increase - - I - , 2:103, 2,103' - i I :::p~~:::en;~ry-=--==---f--~8,568 i ~29,646 !.22 ,650 1~29,344 ~~2,384 ' 3,040 i~ 1J Personnel 1,312 , 1,295 3,053 2,324 , 3.830 1,506 , 65 : Training 593 ' 599 1,279 850 ! 1,109 2591 30 Supplies and servicas 7621 727 1 ,722 1,120 ! 1 ,815 695 62 Travel 720 741 1,581 985' 1,715 730' 74 Other expenses 846: 1,506 1,898 1,458 ¡ 1,817 359 i 25, Contingency 92 67 ' 103 36 : 54 ; 'o,.'" t~ ..... 1 '.'" ~ '.'M! w:;ii ,.~,!'M] Capital I 408: 249 1 312 ,:3:00L' 300 ; I ' _Additional operating funds '" - i - ; 261 299 ,,299 - i Total complementary 4,6411 5,117 i 10,199 7,104: )0,988 3,884 55 1 Total i ' Personnel 18,920' 19,892 23,131 20,472121,9781,506 7 Tralnlng 1,623 1,513 2,574 1,542 1,801 259 17 Supplies and services 5,458 5,012 6,879 6,111 ! 6,881 770! 13 Travel 2,640 2,471 3,460 2,585! 3,393 8081 31 01her expenses 1,886 3,002 3,557 3,071 : 3,680 609: 20 Depreciation expense -: 1,965 i - 2,000 ¡ 2,000 - i - Contingency -; -, 393 367' 403: 36 10 :-~----I----5t--~----~'-------+---+- SubtotaJ ~0,527 i 33,855~,9!l5+,.:I,6, 1411.L40, 13~3,988L.!!1 Capital I 2,276 906 I 2,296 , 300! 600 I 300'.J Adáitional operating fu~ds Price íncrease I 404 _ =1 _~55~~ __ . =~_u2~~;_1 2,~~; I_~ Grand total 34,763' 42,849' 36,448! 43,372: 6,924 i 19: 45 Tabla 9. Staffing paltern: approved posilíons lor 1990, 1991, and 1992, and proposad cora positions lor 1993. ¡----~- ! I¡ -.. - ..- -... -.,----.--J A 1992 ¡ 1993 ¡ Change8~ A (; t u al! A e 1 u a I r----.-~-!!~----~ Budget ; ___ 1~ es~~~_ 1 9 Q O 1. . ~ .'l.pprOYeé 1 Eatlm,ate : request No. " 1. International 5t811 pO$itiQns * *!. Research Beans 21 21 17 15 14 (1 ) (7) CaSSQva 11 11 11 10 10 RicO 8 8 7.75 6 6 - Tropical Fórages 17 18 13.5 9.5 9.5 Biotechnology 2 2 3 3 3 Virology 2 2 2 2 2 - Genetic resources 1 1 - Forest Margins - 2 4 3 300 Hillsides 2 1 4 3 300 Savannas 5.75 5.5 5.5, - land Use 6 3 4 1 33 _-_ T;tal r.. ." arch_-=-=-=-=----=-~·-~ 63 ---;:1 ¡ .. _. 51 1 . 63 :---6~ -- --------- - -=f= -r-- -- '--t--=j=-:::t ~stitutional Oevelópment Support 4 I 6 8' 5 ~ 5 i ± - t=~-4,-- /.:,.' .-1+:-, ---~--1 I~--- R.search~upp~~-~-=---- '1; I ,; Management and Administration Centra! admlnlstratlon 6 I 61 5) S ! 5 - : - Aesearch management 2 2 2 i 2! 2 - - ~~pervi.~'~Po.~tion~---------L·· ,~r~;-,~ ~,! -"1 ' ~_~~~:;:í:::itiOn ..., _ ______ -- 1 I 1,::; 111.'::~ I 11::;:+-¿:: r<:::: i--;: -~ _._--.--.-_._ _. _ _. ~;==;==;==.~~_~;==J-.. ~~ * Positions are $hown for the fúll year aUhough tor budgetary purpo$es a fin ratio of 96 % is assumod. 46 -~ Table 10. Staffing pattern: Approved positionsfor 1990.1991. and 1992, and proposed == complementary positions tor 1993. ---1 199 2: -'-'-9-9-3-'-C-han-IJOO-~--··i Actual! Actual Sudget Budget: 1l9I92estimata 1 990 'ApproYOd Eatimato - ":....'r' 1. fotemational sla!! posilions Research Beans i 6 i 61 9 8 9 I 1~ 1, 13 Cassava 2 1 ' 4 2, 3' l' 50 Rice -\ 1 I 1,25 2 1 1 100 Tropical Forages 1.75 ~I 3i 1 50 Bíolechnology 1 i 1 Forest Margins =1 2' 2 Hillsides : jJ :1 3! 3, Savannas ~~ -;~ 1 ¡ Land Usa ! =1 - 1 - -' ,-----~~ i __T _o_la_l_re!i."'e::::ar=-::ccch=---______J ...1- '~" 8, 20c25: ,14" 24' Research Supporl l ' Farmer participalory research , 1 I 1 Total research 1 1 TOlal inlemallonal slaft 15 10 67 2, Supervisory posilions 231 56 54 651 11 20 3. Support positions 51 I 129 , 108 130, 22 20 TOla~~i1iO~--------~--;;¡- " 81-;;.;51- In I-~-43] 47 Table 11, Budget raquest lor capital expenditures and assots: Amounts lor core and complementary activilíes in 1990, 1991,1992, and 1993 (thousands 01 current US dollars), r ~--"~-~ ¡ 1 9 92 : 'ot,,': ',t.al, Budg.t 8,""", i 1992.",m,'e L~ 1 ~. . ~,.j~!.~~.eP:~.;Q.~s~~~ate. 1.~.~~~_;~·300 --1 % New cofe capital expendituras I 1, 1,' ,: . i i Research equipment I, 232 i 245 i 489 i - I 200 : -1 Op~rating equipment 82 87' 52: 40 Fur~jsh¡ng and o7fice equipmerlt 52, 5) 10 1 30 I Veh;c!es I 2~ , - ! B¡j,ldings and :easehold Imp'ovements 2001 -1 COl"1putar eq:.J~pment 90 i - ' 47 , 30 30 ' -+---+ 1- -+~-- _.~ !~~~n~~.~~r~~~~t~~._._. 690 ' 65~ 827 : 300 300 Complementary capital expenditufes _._~¡ ._-~. I" '~'-T" -~- T --, Research eqt..:ípment 2861: 1561 447 1! 180 Opera1¡ng equlpmen1 74 30 343 f 50 Ii 180 -,': 1 '_'I',i 50 F urn;shing and office equipment 50 : - 21: 20 20 VBu.h¡lideilnegss and leasehold improv2_41, e3m1 4e:06!~ n2t0 Is -20, -~"I _-1,' Other 43 30 30 ___ T~~I_ co~~~~~e.~~ c~pit~I~=~ i -_ 4341 _ 260 1 ,471 ~ 300 1_ aol! ---:1 =1 Capital stock Fixed asse1s (beginning oí yéar) 20.413 I 300 I AcqUlsitions 2,125 i 8271 300 ¡ 300 i Oispcsal 1,578 ¡ 1,202; 1,471; 2,000: 2.000 ¡i ... ! Deprec;ation !or !he yea' (12,628)1 (1,965)1 (1,61 0)1 (2,OOO)~ (2,000) - , - .. ~----_. --T~. __~ .. ______ ~ ... :- _ ..- - _ .. --- _.1 __~ ixed as'~~",! ••r .nd~ ___~ q_.,=2O,~-5~! 20A~3L21 ,4~=1 20;713 i,!l ,31 ~L-~~ !~_3j 48 Table 12. Budget request: Priee assumptíons. Amounts for eore activities (in percentages). 1991f ~~ ~- .-_.--- .. -,"-_.--~ - .- - --'-~-"-~'-'-l 1_ 19~~ ___ ~' ___T _l~~9~J~9~_3-r_' ___' T_ __' _'_ _ I i ! Budget . ¡Inllallon 1 Change in I Ne! I Net 1 : omount! " ,rate in 'exchange \ príce EXl"'nses b~Caleíl"!ieS __ t_Cha"9.~.~c;urre-""4. !i'QO.J!L~.OI !ot'!i+eurrenc~_rate_._+. ..d j""t.m,,!!t Personnel coslS ! 1 : ! \ :1' i i \, 4.00 'US$ 7,095 , 26.3 \ 4.0 I 4.0 1656: Co!$ ¡ 11,016 \ 40.8 i 24.0 9.3 Training ¡ i I 1 4.00 : US$ 532 1 2.0 i 4.0 4.0 4.00 ¡ CoI$ i 160 I1 06 i 22.0 13.5 7.5 Supplies and selVices 3.00 'US$ 1,938 7.2 ! 4.0 4.0 I 6.55: CoI$ 2.908\ 10.8 \ 230 13.5 8.4 Operalional !ravel I i 100: US$ 960 1 36 4.0 4.0 2.15' Cot$. 653\ 24 24.0 13.5 9.3 Other 1 , 250 : US$: 5931 22 i 4.0 4.0 I , 0651 Cot$, 1,100 41 I 23.0 13.5 8.41 ~O!al ~_-_-~~~~_-_- ~~I_-~;~í __ l26_.97~Loo_.~~---~..J.· ___ -1--3 49 Tablo 13. Budget reques!: Sources and applicallon 01 funds (thousands 01 current US dollars). 19a2 -~·~T-Hfg3-!ch.n~e OVtU ! 1, Oonor Budget I Budget I 1992o$timate , -.~ t-~- -~- -~·T· ,,~, .. ~,~.~9~1~r·~P~-,,'~O,~.~d-::r;::~'l1' ~'~t¡m.~6._:.Rllq:>est.E~-'OJXl-.q~~~~·: Sot,lrces 01 funds l. Grants r 9. Cme 1 , Australia -, -, 152 J ! Belgiurn iBO: 197 ~i -1 ¡ Braz¡j -1 40 : i -1 Canada 2.409 I 2',345 ¡ 1,260 1,548 i eh,na 10: 10 20 ; , ! EEC 2.406' 2,363 1 2,650 i I Flnland 251 ~ 278 I 274 ~ i ford Foundatíon 67: 100 : 100 i i France 267 I 256 i 243 ' -, , , Germany 711 I 728 ~ 776 -i 'OS 4.523 i 2.698 : 600 1.600 ¡ ¡DRe 133 I 14 I -1 ,taly 371 ! 360 204 -1 !Japan 2,818 i 2,791 2.761 ! _i : Mex!co I Netherlands ) Norway i , RockafeUer -i : Spaln i Sweden ¡ $wttzerland j UNOP : Umted Kingdom ¡ USAJO : Worló Bunk i StabiJization fuod Subtolal eme 17 1.0.9 600 i ~I, -, , , 94 ,9 2 _. 1 3 260 1 I -! 20 13 113 \ -, -! 65 - , 146 -1 259 67 150 : -, -1 Table 13. Budgel request: Sources and application 01 lunds (thousands of currenl US dollars). 1992 1993 Chal'ge Qver Donor : Actual I Actual - ~~~~-¡;~~~,~ Bl,ldget 1992 $stlm$le ~--~~'T'~~4 t 9 'i:I O . I- 99- 1- Approved -EStlnHltlt Requos! 0'000 -~-'~-i- ~ -~~~I~ ~- -~--~.--~---- I (Cont¡nued,) I I 1 1 1 2. Se!f - generated income I ¡ 1 I Investmenf 163 I 1.119 J 200 ¡ 700! 250 (450)! (64)! Owrhead I : 615 I 491 1 400 I 400 I 400 - i - f -Oth-e"r -- ---------"' --- -------i -----5r7- I- ----1.2-0- -j --+-1-4-0-1- --- 100 I 50: (50)! (50l! -~ ~ I .¡....... ----r--~~ __ Total self-~nefated In~ ___________: --~~~-~~~~--7.4_1'~_2OO (500)1' (~2) Total 50urces :, 33,209 II 34,763 1i 42.849,1 34,804;' 43,372!1 8.568 I 25 I\ 1--~--~--~=~~:..::=-r-~=:::=:'T==~~---h;CO:::::;==7~;=~~~=~-=1 :' 1 I r I ! Applicalion ot funds I I i ' i 1, Operalions prograrn i 1 Core 26,294 28.9871 30,369 I 29,344 ; 31,650: 2,506 9 ¡ Complementary 4,233 4,86B 1 9,626 6,804 i 10,389' 3,saS S3 I 2 Cap\lal program I I 1,810 65.1 1,986 -, 300: 300 -1 Complemenlary 408 i 249 I 312 300 ! 300 i - I -1 I ' 1 11 3, Addtlonaloperatmg funds I and .cserves I 1 1 ! Cote : : 404 _1 295 (1,644)1 234: 1,878: (1t4)! Complementar'!' ¡ I I - ! 261 - i 299 i 299 , - I TO:~-;Plie:¡::------ ~-~~-----:- 33.2091 3'.~ ...... --;;~~-'3.37{ 8.568 L2 .i ---:-=~I ,- I M;;':I~~·g~:nd I I al year end, : 2.429 r 2 .• 2. 1 2965 1,085 ' 1,618 : 533149i ~es::,es al y~~~end ___~ _~ 1 _____i ~~_~211 2,515 2,421 2.500 75'J ~ 3 I .~_--L_ 1 ~-1 __. J 51 Table 14. Budget request: Balance sheet. Amounts for core and complementary aclillities in 1990,1991, 1992, and 1993 (thousands of current US dollars). -~ -- -- -~ -- ---~ ~.-- -.-.-- -------r----~ --1 A e t u 8: I ' Estimate 1 Plojection . 1990 1991 1992 ~--- ~ i -----------It-I-or1993 -----~ - Assets 1 Casr1 and cash equivaients 6.687' 7.573: 7.854: 8,217 ACCOJ:"\!S receivable Donors 8,405 4.945. 5,12< 4,910 En"lp!oyees 230, 1!~; 427, 409 Other 1,781 , i 1,566 , 1.500 . InV80\OneS 1,061 . 1007 I 1,000 ! 930 I Other current assets , 433 855 . 445 : 404 ,--- --------:--' --~- ~- ---,-·------i---~---~I Total current assets 1. -- --1-8---,-5--9--7--.'- ----1--6-,-2-1--8-'i ·-- -1"6,-4161 16,370. ---4 ------~-1 Fixed assets Property, piant, a!ld equlprr.ent 32,885 34,288: 36,588 39,188: Less' accum;,;latec depreciatron ! (12,628) (13,875): (15,875) (17,875)' r~-'-'-'-'- --- -,---,-.-'t-~---~-' 1 TOlal fixed assels , 20,2571 20,413 20,713 21,313 1 Total assets ,-_ ---,-~~~-~~~-~~~~~L _,:~~~1~= ~::~!~~~:8~~ liabilities and lund balances 1 1 I Uabilities 1 ! 8ar;k Indebledness 5.400 l' 1.059 1 1,560' 1.234 I I 1 Acoourts payable , I Oonms 2.133, 2,785: 2,384' 2.465 ( Others 5,1001 4,4621 5.564 4.752 1 ¡r - t:ust accounls 285: -1 1 Accruals diJd prov;sJcns 1,240 : 1 881 2,106 2.316 ! Staff reserves 1,610~ 2,196 2,421' 2.500: Totalliabililíes ,~~i~i~~[=-~2,~!li==~~;~3!)L _,:ii;';,i • 1 Fund balances 1 CapItal ¡nvasted ;n f¡xed assets Coce 15.193 14,901 . 14.913' 14,9'9 . Complemenlary 5,064 5,512. 5,800 ; 6,394, Capital fund 400 1,406. 1,2961 1,485 ' 1 Operat¡ng fund 2.42912.429· 1,0851 1.618' ~~~--~---~-,~----- .~- - ~---- ----- -~.-~----- ---- -, Total tund balances =_~_, , ____ ~- ?,3.()8~J= 24,248_,~ __2 .3"o~'Ü __2 4,_416 J 1 1 1 I . Total liabilities and fund balances i 38,8541 36,631: 37,1291 37,683: ------~-- --- ~-~-._------ -------~-~._--=------~~~===--~~::;:::::.=-~"";:=::-~~::==---~~===::=.: 52 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS BNF biological nitrogen fixation CATIE Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Costa Rica CENARGEN Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos, Brazíl CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research CIDA Canadian International Development Agency CIMMYT Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo, Mexico CPAC Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária dos Cerrados, EMBRAPA, Brazil CSIRO Cornmonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia CVC Corporaci6n Autónoma Regional del Valle del Cauea, Colombia DNA deoxyribonucleic acid (fundamental genetic material) EEC European Economic Cornmunity, Belgium EMBRAPA Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Brazil FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, ltaly FEDEARROZ Federaci6n Nacional de Arroceros de Colombia FES Fundaci6n para la Educaci6n Superior, Colombia FUNDAEC Fundación para la Aplicación y Enseñanza de la Ciencia, Colombia FUNDAGRO Fundaci6n para el Desarrollo Agropecuario, Ecuador G/E Germplasm by Environment (Specialist at ClAn GIS geographie informarion systems 53 GTZ Deutsche Gesellschaft fijr Technische Zusammenarbeit [German Agency for Technical Cooperation], Germany ICA Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario, Colombia ICM integrated crop management ICRAF IntemalionalCenlerforResearch in Agroforestry, Nairobi, Kenya ICRISAT Inlernatíonal Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, India IDB Jotee-American Development Bank, Washington D.C., USA IDRC International Development Research Centre, Canada lOS Institutional Development Support, CIAT IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development, ltaly UTA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria ILCA International Livestock Center for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia INGER International Netwoek fur Genetic Enhancement of Rice, IRRI IPM integrated pest management IRRJ International Rice Research lñstitute, Los Baños, Pltilippines IVITA Institute Veterinario de Investigaciones Tropicales y de Altura, Peru m.a.s.1. meters aboYe sea level MPFTS multipurpose forage trces and shrubs NARS national agricultural research systems NRI Na tional Resources Institute, England RIEPT Red Internacional de Evaluación de Pastos Tropicales RMRP Resource Management Research Programs, CIAT 54 SADCC Southern African Development Coordination Committee SDC Swiss Development Cooperation, Switzerland TAC Technical Advisory Committee, CGIAR UNDP United Nations Development Programme. New York, USA USAID United States Agency for International Development, USA 55