Book of Abstracts The10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) 18th – 19th September 2023 Bali, Indonesia Committee of the AGRICO - 2023 The International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM) Tel: + 94(0) 11 2876551 publication@tiikmedu.com mailto:publication@tiikmedu.com ii Disclaimer The responsibility for opinions expressed, in articles, studies and other contributions in this publication rests solely with their authors, and this publication does not constitute an endorsement by the AGRICO or TIIKM of the opinions so expressed in them. Official website of the conference www.agroconference.com Book of Abstracts of 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Edited by Prof. Dr. Samih Abubaker and Assoc. Prof. Siva K. Balasundram ISBN: 978-624-5746-45-3 Copyright @ 2023 TIIKM All rights are reserved according to the code of intellectual property act of Sri Lanka, 2003 Published by The International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM), No: 531/18, Kotte Road, Pitakotte, 10100, Sri Lanka Tel: +94(0) 11 2876551 iii Co-Hosting Partners: South – South Aquaculture and Fisheries Cooperation (SSAFC) Universitas Andalas, Indonesia Bulacan Agricultural State University, Philippines Dwijendra University, Bali, Indonesia Academic Partners: Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland Southern Leyte State University, Philippines Georgian Technical University, Georgia Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Bangladesh Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, India College of Agriculture, Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University La Union, Philippines Palestine Technical University Kadoorie, Palestine Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt The Central Philippines State University, Philippines Universitas of Nusa Cendana, Indonesia Tocklai Tea Research Institute, Tea Research Association, India University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka Organized By: The International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM), Sri Lanka iv PROF. DR. SAMIH ABUBAKER (Conference Co-Chair, AGRICO 2023) Former Dean of the Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University, Jordan ASSOC. PROF. SIVA K. BALASUNDRAM (Conference Co-Chair, AGRICO 2023) Head of Department of Agriculture Technology Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Malaysia PROF. DR. VICTOR B. ELLA (Keynote Speaker, AGRICO 2023) Professor in Land and Water Resources Engineering Division, Institute of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines DR. IR. GEDE SEDANA (Keynote Speaker, AGRICO 2023) Rector of Dwijendra University, Indonesia PROF. DR. MUHAMMAD OVAIS OMER (Plenary Speaker, AGRICO 2023) The Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, UVAS, Pakistan ASSOC PROF. DR. SERI INTAN MOKHTAR (Plenary Speaker, AGRICO 2023) Dean of Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia MR. ISANKA. P. GAMAGE (Conference Convener, AGRICO 2023) The International Institute of Knowledge Management, Sri Lanka MR. OSHADEE WITHANAWASAM (Conference Publication Chair, AGRICO 2023) The International Institute of Knowledge Management, Sri Lanka MR. KEERTHI CHANDANA (Conference Secretary, AGRICO 2023) The International Institute of Knowledge Management, Sri Lanka AGRICO 2023 Conference Committee v MS. CHANIKA P. GUNATHILAKE (Conference Coordinator, AGRICO 2023) The International Institute of Knowledge Management, Sri Lanka MS. KOKILA HEMAKUMARA (Product Development Officer, AGRICO 2023) The International Institute of Knowledge Management, Sri Lanka MS. JANANI KAUSHALYA (International Relation Officer, AGRICO 2023) The International Institute of Knowledge Management, Sri Lanka MS. SATHINI JAYATHMA (International Relation Officer, AGRICO 2023) The International Institute of Knowledge Management, Sri Lanka MR. DINUSHA RANDIMAL (Publication Committee, AGRICO2023) The International Institute of Knowledge Management, Sri Lanka MS. UDAYANGANI PREMARATHNE (Publication Committee, AGRICO 2023) The International Institute of Knowledge Management, Sri Lanka Editorial Board-ICOM 2013 Editors in Chief Prof. Dr. Samih Abubaker, Former Dean, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa` Applied University, Jordan Assoc. Prof. Siva K. Balasundram, Head of Department of Agriculture Technology,Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia The Editorial Board is not responsible for the content of any abstract Assist. Prof. Majid Hazim R. Alheidary, University of Basrah, Iraq Dr. Meerasaibu Mohamed Mahusoon, Eastern University, Sri Lanka Dr. Mohammad Shah Jahan, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh Dr. Bidyuth Mahalder, UN-Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO Field Office, Bangladesh Dr. Ashutosh Gupta, Patanjali Organic Research Institute, Agriculture Research Campus Phase 2 Editorial Board – AGRICO 2023 Scientific Committee - AGRICO 2023 vi Bahadrabad, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) Dr. Wael El Zerey, IUCN-WCPA/CEESP, University in Algeria, Algeria Dr. Meera Kumari, Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur Chamila Dias, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka Dr. Lalit Upadhyay, Sher e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology Jammu, India Dr. David Nartey Obemah, Department of Environmental Science, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana Dr. Loha Pradheeban, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka Dr. Sewwandhi Chandrasekara, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka Dr. Aris Winaya, Dr. Ir. MM. M.Si, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Malang Dr. Rekha Vyas, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, India Dr. Rinukshi Wimalasekera, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka Dr. Shanti Kumar Sharma, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, India Dr. Karnjapan Janthawornpong, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand Dr. M. Prakash, FISPP, FNABS, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, India Dr. Aondonenge D. Teran, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria Dr. Enoch Kwame Tham-Agyekum, Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension, KNUST-Kumasi, Ghana Prof. Dr Hab. Joanna Mankiewicz-Boczek, European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology, of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Porland Dr. Magdy Maher Mosad Mohamed, ARC-Agricultural Research Center Dr. Sherihan Al-amin, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt Dr. Iqtidar Hussain, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan Dr. Precious Awesome, CEO - AGAAI LTD, Nigeria Dr. Israr Ahmad, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan Dr. Mahmoud Okasha, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AEnRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt Dr. Damtew Aragaw Amare, An associate researcher in horticultural crops agronomy, Ethiopia Prof. Egas José Armando, Eduardo Mondlane University, Moçambique Assistant Professor Dr. Shewane Bishnoi, IIS, Jaipur, India Dr. V. Divyabharathi, Institute of Agriculture, TNAU, Trichy, Tamilnadu, India Professor Ayman Mohamed Abd El Razek Ahmed, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt Dr. inż. Jerzy Mirosław Kupiec, University of Life Sciences Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poland Dr. Nitika Thakur, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ovais OMER, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Pakistan Dr. Arden Peejay Ezaki, Camarines Norte State College, Philippines vii Dr. Aswathy S Nair, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India Assist. Prof. Dr. Hanumanthappa Makari, Department of Biotechnology, IDSG Government College, India Dr. Rekha Vyas, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, India Dr. Jessie Ray Mangundayao, Mindoro State University, Philippines Dr. Andrew Mbithi, University of Debrecen, University in Hungary Associate Professor Dr. J. James Silip, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia Dr. Elizabeth P. Obra, Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University-Sericulture Research and Development Institute Bacnotan, Philippines Dr. Chamila Dias, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka Dr. Ashenafi Nigussie, Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia Dr. Chioma Harbor, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria Dr. Puteri E. Megat Wahab, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Dr. Luz Moreno, Philippines Dr. Sheriza Mohd Razali, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Ts. Dr. Lum Mok Sam, Universiti Malaysia Sabah Malaysia, Malaysia Ts. Dr. Dzarifah binti Mohamed Zulperi, UPM, Malaysia Dr. Vinod Kumar, College of Agriculture (ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya), India Dr. Dikko Aliyu Haxy, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria Dr. Adewole Adeyemo Muniru, Adekunle Ajasin University, Nigeria Prof. Dr. Abdulraheem Sultan Mohammed, College of Agriculture & Forestry \ Mosul University, Iraq Dr. Latika Sharma, Panjab University, India Prof. Dr. Ertan Yildirim, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Turkey Dr. Anuranjita Singh, University of Rajasthan, Sri Lanka Dr. Jagatpal P., College of Smart Agriculture, COER University, Haridwar, Uttarakhand Dr. Ravishankar Narayana, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India Dr. Santanu Sabhapondit, Tea Research Association|TRA, India Dr. Ibrahim Khaleel, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, India Dr. Cecilia S. Santiago, Bulacan Agricultural State College, Philippines Dr. Meriam F. Sulit, Bulacan Agricultural State College, Philippines Prof. Cheryl Lyn C. Ayuste, Rizal Technological University, Philippines Dr. Melanie Blanca-Ocreto, Manager for Technical Support GrainPro Global Support and Production, Philippine Assoc. Prof. Michelle M. Cortez, Bulacan Agricultural State College, Philippines Session Chairs - AGRICO 2023 viii Dr. Arunima Paliwal, University of Horticulture and Forestry, India Dr. Enoch Kwame Tham-Agyekum, Department of Agricultural Economics, KNUST-Kumasi, Ghana Dr Iqtidar Hussain, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Pakistan Dr. Bidyuth K. Mahalder, "UN-Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO Field Office, Bangladesh Dr. Nitika Thakur, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, India Dr. Chamila Dias, Centre for Environmental Studies & Sustainable Development (CESSD), The Open University of Sri Lanka Dr. Lalit Upadhyay, Sher e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology Jammu, India Prof. Dr. Samih Abubaker, Former Dean of the Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University, Jordan Assoc. Prof. Siva K. Balasundram, Head of Department of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Dr. Ir. Gede Sedana, Rector of Dwijendra University, Indonesia Dr. Jameson H. Tan, President of Bulacan Agricultural State College, Philippines Dr. Enoch Kwame Tham-Agyekum, Department of Agricultural Economics, KNUST-Kumasi, Ghana Dr. Luz Moreno, Leyte, Philippines Dr. Nitika Thakur, Shoolini University, India Dr Dikko Aliyu Haxy, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria Dr. Mahmoud Okasha, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AEnRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt Dr. Lalit Upadhyay, Sher e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology Jammu Dr Iqtidar Hussain, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan Prof. Tanmoy Karak, School of Agricultural Sciences, Nagaland University, India Dr. H K Makari, I.D.S.G Government College, India Dr. Shewane Bishnoi, Department of Biotechnology,IIS deemed to be university, SFS Gurukul, India Dr. Karnjapan Janthawornpong, Faculty of Agro-industry, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand Dr. Chamila Dias, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka Dr. Ashenafi Nigussie, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia Dr Israr Ahmad, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan Dr. Paul Maina, University of Nairobi, Kenya Dr. Egas Jose Armando, Superior Rural Development School, Eduardo Mondlane University, Eduardo Dr. Ovais Omer, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Pakistan Evaluation Panel Members – AGRICO 2023 ix Dr. Vinod Kumar, College of Agriculture (ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya), India Prof. Dr. Abdulraheem Sultan Mohammed, College of Agriculture & Forestry \ Mosul University, Iraq Dr. Meera Kumari, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur Dr. Bidyuth K. Mahalder, UN-Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO Field Office, Bangladesh Dr. Arunima Paliwal, AICRN-Potential Crops, College of Forestry, VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Ranichauri, Tehri Garhwal, (Uttarakhand), India x Excellences, Colleagues, Ladies and gentlemen, I warmly welcome you to the 10th International Conference on Agriculture (Agrico 2023) in Bali, Indonesia. This important annual conference of TIIKM and esteemed partners is back in person after three years of virtual meetings due to the COVID 19 pandemic. We are delighted to see this event becoming larger and more substantial every year. I am equally excited about record number of sessions, and wide variety of ideas that practitioners will bring into us. The theme for this year’s conference “Global Food Security: Stopping Crop Losses” is particularly appropriate for a meeting in Bali, Indonesia. We have also led the sustainable investigations of ten tracks that go with agricultural sector and with the theme of the conference. The diversity of themes, unique Keynote speakers, workshops leaders, as well as experiences and specializations will enable us to achieve our targeted mandate and vision to achieve the goals of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. We carry responsibilities toward agricultural sector and to trackle global food insecurity. Humanity must take necessary actions to reduce food losses and to combat the toxic multidimensional crises including climate change, conflicts and hunger. Agrico-2023 hopes and support the international community efforts to support stability of markets and prices increase by better supply chains and dialogue between producers and consumers with resilient and sustainable food, fertilizer and energy systems. We believe that the world has no choice but to be committed to addressing food losses and insecurity by ensuring accessibility, affordability and sustainability of food and products for people in needs, particularly in developing and least developed countries. Finally, we greatly appreciate the conference convener Mr. Isanka, organization and scientific committees` members, the session chairs, and the numerous volunteers and the staff of the International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM) in Sri Lanka for their dedicated service since a year of our previous conference. This would not be possible without generous help from them and a large number other people in the supporting and hosting institutes. Deep cordially thanks are due to Dwijendra University, the hosting institute in Bali. My dears’ participants: I hope you will enjoy the content, renew old friendships, make new friends, get new ideas, and above all, have a good time. Thank you. Professor Samih Abubaker Chair- Agrico 2023 WELCOME MESSAGE FROM THE CONFERENCE CO-CHAIR – AGRICO 2023 xi My warm welcome to all delegates of the 10th International Conference on Agriculture (AGRICO) 2023. The coverage and scope of this conference is designed to contribute significantly toward the continuing progress of agriculture around the globe, with particular emphasis on Global Food Security. Given that climate change is impacting agricultural productivity across the globe, we must find ways to deal with shrinking arable land, rising costs of production, and interestingly increasing computing power. Holistic technologies such as precision agriculture and biotechnology are steadily moving forward with advanced capability to improve resource utilization. The industrial revolution 4.0 technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Drones, Sensors, Robotics, Blockchain, 3-D Printing, Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) are bringing new energy and hope into the way we carry out agriculture. The emergence of smart agriculture as a direct consequence of digital agriculture and precision agriculture is indeed a game changer. This scenario will provide us with the necessary tool sets to produce ‘more with less.’ I invite you to engage as much as you can with the experts across all sessions to form collaborative partnerships that will be of mutual benefit. Most of all, I encourage each of you to consider how you could play a meaningful role in steering the future of agriculture during these challenging times. I wish to express my appreciation to the International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM) for organizing this conference. Have a great conference! Siva K Balasundram, PhD Associate Professor (Precision Agriculture) and Head Department of Agriculture Technology Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia WELCOME MESSAGE FROM THE CONFERENCE CO-CHAIR – AGRICO 2023 xii Table of Content Page No A1 1. Market Potential of Vetiver Grass Technology as a Source of Livelihood in Camarines Sur, Philippines Rosales GG 2 A2 2. Community Extension Programs in Convergence Areas for Peace and Development (CAPDEV) Quijano-Pagutayao AS, Soliven HE and Bacus MS 3 A3 3. Pineapple Crown Leaf Budding Method: A Sustainable Pineapple Production in the Federated States of Micronesia Ragus LN, Bredalyn A and Rikat V 4 A4 4. Local Consciousness for Sustainable Community Teak Conservation of Sribauban Sub-District, Lamphun Province, Thailand Phayakka N 5 A5 5. Establishment of Community-based Farm Enterprise: The Central Mindanao University Experience Poonon SC, Colipano TE, Soliven HE, Deriada AL, Bacus MS, Pagutayao AQ, Boiser MA 6 A6 6. Phytoremediation Potential of Selected Indigenous Crops Used for Remediation of Heavy Metals in Soils Irrigated with Treated Wastewater Malatji M, Kgopa PM and Bopape-Mabapa MP 7 A7 7. Sustainable Development for Global Palm Oil Production, Consumption and Price Khin AA, Mun HW, Jayaraman T and Han KJ 8 A8 8. Food System Transformation of Tribals for Sustainability and Diversification Sharma L and Vyas R 9 SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE (A) ORAL PRESENTATIONS xiii A9 9. Community-Collective Action and Rural Food Security in Resource-Scarce Contexts: A Case-Study on Village-Irrigation Tank Cascade Based Farming Systems of Sri Lanka Ariyawanshe IDKSD, Fujimura M and Abeyrathne AHMSWB 10 A10 10. Do the Combined Effects of Mycorrhizal Inoculation and Organic Amendments Improve Rice Growth and Yield Under Saline Conditions ? Diedhiou S, Diatta Y, Goudiaby AOK, Diallo MD, Ndoye I and Fall S 11 A11 11. Inter-District Regional Disparities in Social and Agricultural Development of Bihar Kumar M and Nath PR 12 A12 12. Boosting Disease Tolerance,Growth and Yield of Tomato Applied with Carrageenan Growth Promoter Balderas MB and Enano JD 13 A13 13. Vermicomposting Performance of Three Surface Dwellers Earthworms: A Comparative Study Rodriguez DG and Simon SR 14 B1 14. Effect of Poultry Litter Biochar Co-Pyrolysed with Rubberwood Ash on Cation Leaching in An Immature Brown Loam Soil Sarachchandra PO, Dharmakeerthi RS and Karunarathna AK 15 B2 15. System Dynamic Model of Water Footprint Assessment in Salted Fourfinger Threadfin Production from Local Enterprise in Pattani Province, Southern Thailand Maprasit S, Muadchim M, Madmanang R, Pantaweesap N, Boonkaew R, Pradabphetrat P and Jijai S 16 B3 16. 5G+AIoT Intelligent Agriculture Opportunities and Restrictions for the Digital Village System Construction in Western China Wei MM, Cui CX, Sun HY and Chan A 17 SMART FARMING SYSTEMS, SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION (B) xiv B4 17. High Precission Agriculture Technology Innovation, Case Study: Product Improvement and Quality of Ipomoea batatas 'Cilembu' in West Java Sanny TA, Asrib ML and Nathania EY 18 B5 18. Characterization of Ipomoea batatas 'Cilembu' Non-Typical Agricultural Land Using the Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Microtremor Approach Sanny TA, Asrib ML and Nathania EY 19 B6 19. Characterization of Ipomoea batatas 'Cilembu' Typical Agricultural Land Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Microtremor Approaches Sanny TA, Asrib ML and Nathania EY 20 B7 20. Improvement of Agricultural Machinery Testing Service Industry Operations using Value Analysis and Computer Simulation Deniega CGV, Fajardo AL, Gallegos RKB, Madamba JAB and Revilla JAD 21 B8 21. Performance Evaluation of Different Agricultural Pumps for Agricultural and Fishery Machinery Application Fajardo AL, Deniega CGV, Raytana FJJ, Reyes MJB, Menguito JJT and Pinca YMM 22 B9 22. Assessing the Silage Potentiality of Farmer-Bred Maize (Zea mays L.) Varieties using Agronomic and Chemical Markers Diaz RA, Delfino FC, Alaba JBS, Badon LMB, Cubelo JEC, and Bulfa AD 23 B10 23. Addressing Farm Water Scarcity Through Micro Irrigation Projects: A Case Analysis of Farmers’ Water Conservation Behaviour in Rajasthan State Singh PK, Dey S, Pal A and Soni S 24 B11 24. The Devasting Impact of Power Cuts on the Poultry Industry Dlamini N and Mbatha L 25 B12 25. Knowledge, Skills, Attitude, and Aspirations of Farmers towards the Adoption of Climate Resilient Organic Rice Farming Practices Bacus MS 26 xv B13 26. The Filipino Values as a Backdrop to the Agricultural Mechanization Initiative in the Island of Bohol Pasquin EG, Bandojo AJP and Cabauatan RR 27 B14 27. Adaptation Assessment to Reduce Rainfed Rice Yield Gap under Changing Climate Mishra A and Debnath S 28 C1 28. Soil Quality of Selected Fruit Tree Plantations in Bacnotan, La Union, Philippines Cortado JMG, Visco RG, Padrones JT and Malabrigo Jr. PL 29 C2 29. Influence of Variety and Rates of Nitrogen Fertilization on Grain Yield and Agronomic Parameter Estimates of Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes Norman PE, Kamara L, Gborie K, Kargbo AS, Saquee FS, Norman YSGE and Beah A 30 C3 30. Trichoderma asperellum (M103): Effect of Physical Parameter During Fermentation Process and Critical Moisture Content During Product Storage Bohari NH, Mohd FEM and Abd RIB 31 C4 31. Effect of Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers on Seed Tuber Quality and Shelf Life of Potato Varieties Under Diffused Light Storage Aragaw AD, Belew YD and Abebe DT 32 C5 32. Effect of Biofertilizers on Gas Exchange Parameters and Yield of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) Grown under Drought Stress Conditions Mokgobu EM, Mohale KC and Kutumela P 33 C6 33. Foraging Activity and Pollen Load of The Stingless Bees [Tetragonula biroi Friese (Hymenoptera: apidae; Meliponini)] in Leyte, Philippines Romnic AC and Maria JC 34 PLANT NUTRITION, FERTILIZATION, SOIL MANAGEMENT (C) xvi D1 37. Interactive Effects of Deficit Irrigation and Intercropping Dry Bean with Indigenous Crops on Leaf Gasous Parameters Lekgoath BP, Soundy P and Kgopa PM 38 D2 38. Assessing the Effectiveness of Fish Viscera as an Attractant to Insect Pests of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) at Grain-Filling Stage Escalania JKB, Monterola JG, Novesteras GN, Santos RS, Silorio JC and Diaz RA 39 D3 39. Effectiveness of Sustainable Corn Production on Sloping Areas (Scopsa) Program: The Case in Adtuyon, Pangantucan, Bukidnon, Philippines Colipano TE 40 D4 40. Effects of Different Nutrient Solution Cooling Systems on Intensified-Vertical Towers for Hydroponic Nutrient Film Technique Crop Greenhouse Production Sulit MF 41 D5 41. Radiation-Modified Carrageenan and Vermicompost Tea Application in OPV Tomato Enano JD and Balderas MB 42 C7 34. Nano Composite AG & Rice-Husk Silica as Multi-Functional Foliar Fertilizer Eco OK, and Some Outstanding Results from Field Trials on Rice Field Do CN 35 C8 35. Chemical And Biological Traits of Co-Composted Palm Oil Mill Waste for Bio-Organic Fertilizer Supriatna J, Setiawati MR, Sudirja R, Suherman C and Bonneau X 36 C9 36. Agronomic and Economic Efficacy of Nitrate-Based Compound Fertilizer in Replacing Straight Fertilizers Application on Oil Palms Planted in Semi-Arid Regions Ng FW 37 SUSTAINABLE INTENSIFICATION OF FOOD PRODUCTION SYSTEMS (D) xvii D6 42. Adaptive Co-Management in Thailand’s Rural Bioeconomy Development: Promoting Agroecology Through Co-Production of Knowledge Sae-heng P, Knierim A and Sereenonchai S 43 D7 43. Investigating the Impacts of ENSO and IOD on Rice Productivity in South Sumatra, Indonesia Wandayantolis W, Budianta D, Yakup Y and Gunawan D 44 D8 44. Assessment of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.) Landraces using Quantitative Phenotypic Traits Matelele LA, Sema RP, Maluleke NL, Phora G, Moeaha MJ, Manamela TM, Mokoena ML and Fakude S 45 D9 45. Investigating the Efficacy of X-Ray Irradiation in Controlling the Occurrence of Seed Pathogens During Seed Treatment of Indian Gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica L.) in Colombo District Sri Lanka Wijesinghe WPAM 46 D10 46. Effects of Rehabilitating the UMP Citrus Orchards versus Changing Land Cover for Improved Income Generation Matlolane M, Mashile S, Tshabalala FN and Mcata B 47 D11 47. The Effects of Cucumber Mosaic Virus 2b Protein on Interactions of Tobacco Plants with the Aphid Vectors Myzus persicae Nanayakkara NHKLUC and Jayasinghe WH 48 D12 48. Morphological and Molecular Diversity of Sri Lankan Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Abeyrathne RMSDL, Thamali KIS, Wanigarathna KADTL, Madola I, Britto CSA, Perera GAD, Karunarathne SB, Dissanayake DGHMK, Suriyagoda LDB and Jayatilake DV 49 D13 49. Classification of Clove Sizes as Planting Material to the Bulb Yield of Garlic Var. Ilocos White Calimpang IA, Bane-eng MP and Sagun AV 50 E1 50. Potentials of Smallholder Adoption of Agroecological Practices: Evidence from Adamawa Cameroon Awa J and McDonald A 51 CLIMATE CHANGE, FOOD SECURITY AND SAFETY (E) xviii E2 51. A Review of Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation, and Mitigation in South Asia Vijitharan S 52 E3 52. An Integrated Approach of Deep Learning and GIS for Predicting Climatic Suitability of Soybean Crop in Sumedang Regency, Indonesia Raraswati D, Miyasaka J, Noguchi R and Ohdoi K 53 E4 53. Reviewing the Impact of Mano-Thermo-Sonication as a Promising Tool for Enhancing Rheological Properties of Foods Samrasinghe HGAS, Dharmaprema GADBS, Imali HLJ and Samaranayake UC 54 F1 54. Challenges Faced by Small-Scale Piggery Farmers in the Midst of COVID-19 at Dundonald in Mpumalanga Province Tshabalala FN, Matlolane M, Mashile S and Mcata B 55 F2 55. Agro-Morphological Analysis of Ion-Beam Mutant Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) for Drought Tolerance Under Reproductive Stage Ja’Afar MAN, Aishah Hasan N, Azzeme AM, Ahmad F, Hussein S, Harun AR, Affrida Abu Hasan AA and Shamsudin NAA 56 F3 56. Ecogeographic Distribution of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) and Taro (Colocasia esculenta) Landraces Conserved in the National Gene Bank, South Africa Maluleke NL, Matelele LA, Manamela T and Phora G 57 F4 57. Colletotrichum Circular Leaf Spot (CCLS) Disease Detection in Malaysian Rubber Plantation Nusaibah SA and Sharifah Aliya SS 58 F5 58. Complex Farmers Adoption of Digital Technology: The Case of Local Corn Farmers in Bulacan Cortez MM and Tiongco MM 59 F6 59. Effectiveness of the KAANIB Enterprise Development Project (KEDP) Community/ Household – Level Coconut Processing Project (CHLCPP) Component in Bukidnon: the Case of Kibawe Batoctoy CFS 60 HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST TECHNOLOGIES FOR REDUCING FOOD LOSSES, FOOD SECURITY (F) xix F7 60. Impact Assessment of the Extension Activities Conducted by the College of Education, Central Mindanao University, Maramag, Bukidnon, Philippines Quijano-Pagutayao AS, Ucang JT, Bacus MS, Soliven HE, Beronio AB, Cosrojas KDJ, Tabaosares MO and Pascual JLS 61 F8 61. Supply Chain of Carrots in the Province of Bukidnon, Philippines Soliven HE, Poonon SC, Bacus MS and Rivera JG 62 F9 62. Assessing the Adoption of Indigenous Knowledge Systems among Smallholder Farmers in Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa Sithole MZ and Ntshauba R 63 F10 63. Analysis of Sugarcane Water Footprints in Maharashtra State of India Kokane PL and Mailapalli DR 64 F11 64. Effects of Clinoptilolite Zeolite on Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Growth Performance Cultivated on Tropical Deep Peat Fariza Z, Noraini B, Latifah O and Huzaifah MRM 65 F12 65. Circular Economy Practice: A Means of Improving the Economic Performance of Agricultural Farms in Baao, Camarines Sur, Philippines Bicaldo FM 66 F13 66. Hermetic Storage Technology: Reducing Post-harvest Losses of Dried Agricultural Commodities Ocreto MB and Fuertes LAP 67 F14 67. Effect of Organic Amendments in Soilless Production on the Postharvest Quality and Plant Nutrition of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Gapasin JPR and Salas RA 68 F15 68. Genetic Identification of Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Species Infesting Queen Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) in Leyte, Using Molecular Markers Doloso LU and CENIZA MJ 69 xx G1 69. Technology Business Incubation: Social Innovation Towards Empowered Agri-Aqua Entrepreneurs Poonon SC, Cosrojas KDC and Soliven HE 70 G2 70. Supporting Vegetable Agro-Biodiversity for Better Food and Nutrition Diversity: A Perspective from Ethnic Minority Communities in Northern Vietnam Nguyen TP, Swaans K, Hoang TK, Pham TMH, Struik P and Stomph T 71 G3 71. Food Security of Poor Households in Forest Village Communities Purbowo, Khasan U, Annisa’ul Fadlilah and Sukma SAI 72 G4 72. Determinants of Farmers’ Adaptation Intention to Saltwater Intrusion (SWI) in Central Coastal Region of Vietnam Linh NTD and Bleys B 73 G5 73. The Impact of Agricultural Extension Services Towards Technology Adoption for Climate Change Adaptation among Smallholder Farmers Sithole MZ and Agholor AI 74 G6 74. Pastoral Ecosystems in Morocco: Importance for Livestock Development and Food Security Taleb MS 75 H1 75. Short-Term Effects of Cropping on Soil Properties of Mined Land Muindi EM, Wamukota AW, Mulinge JM, Okello N, Wekesa G and Ahmed H 76 H2 76. Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner): Yield Loss Estimation, Biorational Insecticide Assessment, and Host Plant Resistance in Morocco El Fakhouri K, Boulamtat R, Taarji N, Ghazi H, Kehel Z and El Bouhssini M 77 FOOD LOSSES: INNOVATIONS AND WASTE MANAGEMENT(H) GLOBAL AND LOCAL ANALYSIS OF FOOD SECURITY (G) xxi H3 77. Synergistic Control of Fusarium Infection in Shallots (Allium Cepa Var. aggregatum) Using Trichoderma sp. and Nano Rice Husk Hidayat T, Aisyah SN, Permatasari GR and Santoso RD 78 H4 78. Performance Evaluation on Black Soldier Fly-Mediated Waste Bioconversion Under Various Modifications of Organic Waste Combination and Ratio Aisyah SN, Rizki MI, Akbar R and Hidayat T 79 H5 79. Reviewing the Potential Applications of Spent Hops in Promoting Health: A Remarkable Byproduct of the Brewing Industry Samarasinghe00 HGAS, Kariyawasam KP, Samaranayake UC and Imali HLJ 80 J1 80. Influence of Different Rootstock Variety of Sponge Gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca) on the Growth and Yield of Grafted Ampalaya (Momordica charantia) Under Protected Cultivation Gorme AL, Auguis E, Golle J, Yare MJ, Agunos R and Gonzaga ZC 81 J2 81. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Vertical Farming as an Alternative Sustainable Agriculture Practice for Enhancing Food Security in Tshangaan Hill, Bushbuckridge Mashile S, Matlolane M,Tshabalala FN and Mcata B 82 J3 82. Improving Onion Farming in Bongabon, Nueva Ecija, Philippines through Community-Based Participatory Action Research Adion IM and Gumangan JM 83 J4 83. Valuing Ecosystem Services in Agroecosystems: A Multidimensional Approach Bautista S and Melgarejo V 84 J5 84. Pili (Canarium ovatum Engl.) Seeds Germination and Growth Rate in Response to Mykovam and Mykoplus Applied in Germination Beds Abonal MV, Narvaez LM and Estrella MN 85 J6 85. Design, Fabrication, and Performance Evaluation of a Bicone Blade Type Cassava Grater Machine for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Oriental Mindoro, Philippines Caguay M, De Chavez E and Umali J 86 CLIMATE CHANGE, CROP STORAGE AND HOUSEHOLD TREATMENT (J) xxii J7 86. Indigenous Roots and Tuber Crops as Sustainable Alternatives for Food Security in Sri Lanka Samarasinghe HGAS, Attanayake RMTD, Samaranayake UC, Dissanayake DMSB and Nissanka NAASP 87 J8 87. Rice Husk Biochar Application Increases Ph Buffer Capacity and Reduces Urease Activity in “Rice Growing Entisols in Sri Lanka” Jayarathna MKNW, Dharmakeerthi RS and Igalavithana AD 88 J9 88. Evaluation of Cropping Systems Practices in Southern Leyte, Philippines Saga MM, Jadina BC and Ratilla BC 89 K1 89. Improved Seed Storage Technique in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) CV. G7 in Coastal Environment Ramanadane T, Gnanasekar R, Kamatchi A, and Kartic D 90 K2 90. Mitigating Climate Change for Sustainable Food Security in South Africa Mthembu BE, Hlatshwayo PPK, Molatudi RL, Metho LA and Msomi BD 91 K3 91. Value Chain and Marketing Efficiency Analyses for Coffee Farming in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia Adar D, Nampa IW, Bano M, Sri Widinugraheni, Mudita IW, Lobo M, and Bili YRB 92 P1 92. Evaluation of Yield and Yield Components of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) walp) Landraces for Participatory Plant Breeding Sema RP, Matelele LA, Phora G, Maluleke NL, Gerrano AS, Khoza L, Nemera S and Vernooy R 94 P2 93. The Effect of Bio-Stimulant Application Methods on the Growth and Phytochemical Content of Chilli Seedlings Matthews S, Ali A and Siddiqui Y 95 ALTERNATIVE FARMING SYSTEMS AND VERTICAL FARMING (K) POSTER PRESENTATIONS (P) xxiii P3 94. The Effects of Pineapple Capsular Fertilizers and Microbes with Varying Rates on Fruit Morphology, Biochemical Changes and Soil Nutrients in Peat Soils Kamal Rafedzi EA, Zubir MN, Md Sam NS, Cho JLY, and Abd Halim NF 96 P4 95. Assessment of Soil Nitrogen Dynamics in A Maize/Legume Inter- Cropping System Mmotong MM and Kgopa PM 97 P5 96. Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Businesses in Rural Areas of South Africa Ramuthaga N and Mbatha L 98 P6 97. Exploring Genetic Diversity of Tomato Genotypes Based on Morphological Traits and ISSR Markers Machikowa T, Kamchumpol N, Tantasawat PA and Girdthai T 99 The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 1 ORAL PRESENTATIONS The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 2 A1 [01] MARKET POTENTIAL OF VETIVER GRASS TECHNOLOGY AS A SOURCE OF LIVELIHOOD IN CAMARINES SUR, PHILIPPINES Rosales GG* Central Bicol State University of Agriculture, College of Economics and Management, Philippines *gladys.rosales@cbsua.edu.ph ABSTRACT Vetiver grass was found to be the low-cost technology for soil and water conservation. It was known to grow in low, damp sites such as swamps and bogs. Vetiver can survive more than a month of being submerged in water. Vetiver leaves of mature plants were put for drying to be used in roofing materials and for handicraft manufacturers. The promotion of the grass and its numerous uses were done both in the grassroots level and the local community. The potential of using it in making a handicraft is essential for both the government and private sector to pursue in promoting it together by tapping the farmers, entrepreneur and the community. The study was focused on the marketing mix of vetiver utilization in handicraft production and livelihood opportunities. The respondents came from the different municipalities of San Fernando, Gainza, Buhi, Tinago, Pasacao and Pamplona in Camarines Sur who were already engaged in handicraft making for five to fifteen years. Each participant was provided with the ready-to-use raw vetiver grass to make bags and other handicraft products. These handicrafts made from vetiver grass became the family’s additional source of income. Based on the results, series of seminars should be conducted on the awareness of the potential uses of vetiver grass, to promote innovations and new skills and additional income for farmers, entrepreneurs, and other stakeholders. A partnership or linkages of LGU, cooperative, agencies local or international should be established and for policy making purposes. Furthermore, this study could create organization and cooperative for small entrepreneurs to start from the local community that would eventually move to global market. Keywords: marketing, livelihood opportunities, vetiver grass, entrepreneurs mailto:gladys.rosales@cbsua.edu.ph The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 3 A2 [02] COMMUNITY EXTENSION PROGRAMS IN CONVERGENCE AREAS FOR PEACE AND DEVELOPMENT (CAPDEV) Quijano-Pagutayao AS*, Soliven HE and Bacus MS College of Agriculture, Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Maramag, Bukidnon, Philippines *anecil_cmu@cmu.edu.ph ABSTRACT Higher Education Institution like Central Mindanao University is committed to addressing poverty and providing livelihood to CAPDEV. Bukang Liwayway, Kibawe, Bukidnon was included in the list of Geographically Disadvantage and Isolated areas in Bukidnon. The study aimed to provide technical services to the farmers of Kibawe, Bukidnon. Specifically, it sought to identify socio-demographic characteristics of the farmers; determine at least one potential business opportunity; identify farmers problems met. Survey questionnaires, secondary data, FGD, KII, PRA tools, and descriptive statistics were employed. Findings show that the farmers were middle-aged, female, roman catholic, Cebuano, with average household, with a monthly income of 5,548 pesos, and has experience in farming, land owner, lending institutions were source of credits, attended training and seminars and has contact with extension worker. Farmer's Capabilities were enhanced to improve crop productivity and agro- enterprise. Technical training on mushroom production, Integrated pest management, and agri- enterprise marketing was conducted. Adopting Mushroom technology served as a potential agribusiness and enterprise. The problems met by the farmers were infestation of pests and diseases, high prices of inputs, and lower farm gate prices of farm produce. Farmers identified Mushroom production as a viable and potential business. A mushroom production was established in the area in collaboration with the Barangay Council of Bukang Liwayway. The strengthened the linkages between CMU and Kibawe, Bukidnon. The active participation of the LGU and farmers was a vital tool in the success of the extension program and in achieving sustainable development. Farmers and LGU were involved in all phases, from the identification of the problems and needs, through the preparation and planning phase, execution, and evaluation of the extension program. Initiative like this would contribute to the economic and holistic social development of the people, which would lead to farmers' empowerment. Keywords: integrated pest management, mushroom production, experience in farming, community extension mailto:anecil_cmu@cmu.edu.ph The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 4 A3 [03] PINEAPPLE CROWN LEAF BUDDING METHOD: A SUSTAINABLE PINEAPPLE PRODUCTION IN THE FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA Ragus LN*, Bredalyn A and Rikat V College of Micronesia-Federated States of Micronesia (COM-FSM), Chuuk Campus, Cooperative Research and Extension (CRE), Weno, Chuuk FSM 96942 *lolitlawasnr@gmail.com ABSTRACT In modern agriculture chemicals including pesticides, herbicides, fungicides and rodenticides will remain major tools for plant protection. Global pesticide consumption is expected to reach 4.4 million metric tons by 2026. Use of agro-chemicals can help in getting food security of the growing population around the world but damage the ecosystem also. Hazards to the farmers result due to exposure of pesticides and other agrochemicals. Thus, the present research was under taken including 720 agricultural workers with the objectives of finding the hazard proneness and the chemical hazards confronted by the agricultural workers and use of organic inputs for disease and weed management of crops and vegetables and storage of grains organically. The data revealed that 58 per cent of male and 73 per cent of female respondents had high hazard proneness. Approximately 53 per cent of males and 23 per cent of females reported skin problems while handling chemicals. Eye problems and respiratory problems were very frequent caused due to exposure of the agrochemicals. Weeding after use of chemicals in the field brought chemical hazards especially to the females. The results of organic crop protection practices on disease management in vegetables through bio herbal inputs revealed that maximum yield, higher net returns and B:C ratio was obtained as this controlled Alternaria blight and downey mildew in vegetables. Organic weed management treatments in fennel proved statistically superior over weedy check. Maximum seed yield of fennel, highest net return and B:C ratio was obtained in stale seed bed with plastic mulch. Minimum per cent grain damage was recorded in storage of grains treated with neem oil (3%) and with active silicon (3%). Thus, suitable crop protection organic interventions will help in reducing the incidence of hazards and bring improvement in farmers’ quality of life. Keywords: crop protection, chemical hazards, organic management practices mailto:lolitlawasnr@gmail.com The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 5 A4 [04] LOCAL CONSCIOUSNESS FOR SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY TEAK CONSERVATION OF SRIBAUBAN SUB-DISTRICT, LAMPHUN PROVINCE, THAILAND Phayakka N* Department of Agricultural Economy and Development, Faculty of Agriculture, ChiangMai University, Thailand *nathitakarn.p@gmail.com ABSTRACT This research aims to study teak resource management through community participation under the relationship between local people and forest community and create an attitude and awareness of the conservation of teak resources in the target area. The data were collected from in-depth tnterview, focus group, observation, and training. The results showed that the first community forest that occurred was Ban Thung Yao is a forest according to the tradition and belief. Which believes that where there is water emerging from the underground there will be a sacred thing to take care and strictly forbidden to cut trees in that area and the leaders from the beginning therefore used it as an agreement to conserve the forest together. Ban Thung Yao community forest has become a place to learn about community forests, preserving community forests in terms of cultural beliefs, community involvement, community rules and is managed by the community itself. At present, the teak wood in the area outside the community forest is greatly reduced. And there is no replanting like in the community forest because the villagers dismantled and there are difficult legal procedures. According to difficult steps and worried about breaking the law, the villagers turned to planting other crops instead in their area such as longan. A model to create awareness of local people for teak conservation by inserting to raise the awareness of the people in the community through training activities to create a body of knowledge in preserving natural resources of teak forests and make a manual “Conservation of Teak Forest Resources” to pass on to people in the area to learn and understand the benefits of teak wood sustainably. Keywords: local consciousness, teak, community, conservation, sustainability mailto:*nathitakarn.p@gmail.com The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 6 A5 [05] ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMUNITY-BASED FARM ENTERPRISE: THE CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY EXPERIENCE Poonon SC1*, Colipano TE1, Soliven HE1, Deriada AL1, Bacus MS2, Pagutayao AQ2, Boiser MA2 1Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, Central Mindanao, Philippines 2Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, College of Agriculture, Central Mindanao, Philippines *f.sheila.poonon@cmu.edu.ph ABSTRACT The challenges brought by the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly on food security, pushed higher educational institutions to respond to the community's needs. Central Mindanao University (CMU) in the Philippines initiated the establishment of community-based agricultural enterprises. Such enterprise is innovative since it facilitates the collaboration between CMU, NOMCAARRD Consortium Member Institutions (CMI), and other stakeholders. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of establishing farm enterprises using a community-based approach. A case study research design was used. Secondary data were utilized to identify community groups who will be beneficiaries of the project. A series of Key Informant Interviews (KII) were conducted among various stakeholders to implement the project. The project was implemented among one Elementary school, one Integrated School, and three People’s Organizations over the four provinces in Northern Mindanao, Philippines with Central Mindanao University (CMU) as the project's implementing agency. The project was implemented through the transfer of technologies to the beneficiaries. These technologies include mushrooms, pinakbet vegetables, vermicompost, organic concoctions, and tilapia production. The implementation was fueled by market linkages, farm on-site and off-site consultation, farm capability building, partnership with the Local Government Units and private companies, and provision of farm inputs and materials. Aside from addressing Sustainable Development Goals, the project was seen as a catalyst to educate the community as well as students on farm-based entrepreneurship. The implementation of the project is deemed also to encourage more students to engage in agricultural entrepreneurship in response to the declining trend in enrolment in agriculture courses in the Philippines. Keywords: community-based enterprise, shared resources, market linkage, entrepreneurship, innovation The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 7 A6 [06] PHYTOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL OF SELECTED INDIGENOUS CROPS USED FOR REMEDIATION OF HEAVY METALS IN SOILS IRRIGATED WITH TREATED WASTEWATER Malatji M, Kgopa PM* and Bopape-Mabapa MP Department of Plant Production, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727 *pholosho.kgopa@ul.ac.za ABSTRACT Phytoremediation is a promising technology that is used in cleaning the environment by using plants to extract the heavy metals from the contaminated soil and accumulate them in roots and aerial shoots. This study assessed the potential of selected indigenous crops for phytoremediation of soils following irrigation with treated wastewater. The phytoremediation potential of selected indigenous crops (Cleome gynandra L., Cucumis africanus L., Amaranthus retroflexus, Bidens pilosa and Portulaca oleracea) around Mankweng (23°53’09.7” S, 29°44’18.7” E), South Africa was assessed. A pot experiment was established, where virgin soil collected from University of Limpopo Experimental Farm was contaminated with treated wastewater before planting the crops. Analysis of heavy metals (Al, As, Cr, Cd and Pb) was performed in treated wastewater, soils and in different plant parts viz., roots and shoots. Coefficients of metals transfer that is bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) were used to determine the phytoremediation potential of the study plants. All data were subjected to analysis of variance through SAS version 10.0. Treatment effects were highly significant (P<0.01) for all studied heavy metals following remediation. The treatments significantly reduced Al and Cr while Conyza canadensis, Cleome gynandra and Amaranthus retroflexus reduced As. Treatment Portulaca oleracea reduced Cd and Pb while Conyza canadensis and Cucumis africanus reduced Pb. All the treatments used in the current study had the ability to accumulate As, Cr and Pb in their roots when BCF was assessed, whereas Conyza canadensis was able to accumulate cadmium in its roots. The BCF and TF of the treatments also revealed that, Cucumis africanus was an effective stabiliser of As and Cr and can be used in phytoremediation of the two metals. Keywords: phytoremediation, water scarcity, treated wastewater, soil contamination, indigenous crops mailto:pholosho.kgopa@ul.ac.za The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 8 A7 [07] SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FOR GLOBAL PALM OIL PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION AND PRICE Khin AA1*, Mun HW1, Jayaraman T2 and Han KJ1 1Faculty of Accountancy & Management (FAM), Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia 2International Collaborative Research Program, BAFE, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kampar Campus, Perak, Malaysia * ayekhin@utar.edu.my ABSTRACT Palm oil tree, a tropical plant from West Africa, which was introduced in the former Malaya under the colonial rule in the late 19th century, emerged overtime as a biggest cash crop in Southeast Asia. Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand are currently the biggest world producers and exporters of palm oil. In recent years, notably Indonesia has become the largest producer of palm oil and remained so, since 2005. Thus, sustainable agriculture is an important aspect in palm oil sector development as millions of people depend on palm oil production to maintain their income and livelihoods. The objective of this study is to undertake an econometric analysis of global palm oil production, consumption and pricing mechanism by employing a vector error correction model (VECM) along with ex-post forecast approach by using Pindyck & Rubinfeld and Ord and Fildes’ procedures. This study utilized monthly data from January 2014 to December 2019, covering 72 observations. The study found that there was co-integration and significant long-term relationships and among the variables representing consumption, world population, palm oil production, soybean oil price as a competitor and a substitute for palm oil. Also, there were short-term relationships among exchange rate, crude oil price, world population, palm oil production and consumption and prices. The study findings also world population, palm oil production and consumption and prices confirmed existence of significance in their relationships, both in the short and long-term. We believe the findings would be of benefit to policy makers in their short-term and long-term future plans of evolving appropriate strategies for sustainable development of the palm oil industry, particularly in facing a growing world population. Keywords: palm oil price, sustainable production, consumption, world population, VECM, JEL, Q11 mailto:ayekhin@utar.edu.my The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 9 A8 [08] FOOD SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION OF TRIBALS FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND DIVERSIFICATION Sharma L1* and Vyas R2 1Department of Agriculture Economics, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India 2Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India *latika4@gmail.com ABSTRACT The UN Food Systems submit 2021 has emphasized on food systems transformations to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals related to reduction in poverty, hunger and under nutrition; efficient use of natural resources and coping with the climate risk. Food systems comprise a chain of activities including production, processing, distribution, governance and consumption. Government of India is also emphasising on promotion of market linkages for forest based and natural farming based products. Tribals play on important role in collection and marketing of many fruits of high nutritive and medicinal value like custard apple (Annona squamosa), Jamun (Syzygiym Cumini) and mahua (Madhuca longifolia) from forests in Southern Rajasthan. In present study, value chain analysis was done for custard apple collection and marketing by tribals by employing policy analysis matrix (PAM) under two different scenarios; by Farmer Producer Company (FPC) and through private ownership. On analyzing both value chains through PAM, it was recorded that private profitability of value chain through FPC was slightly lower than the private company due to lack of efficient market linkages. The net policy transfer by value chain of FPC was more than the value chain of private owned enterprise which signified that Farmer Producer Company has enormous opportunity to develop further by improving the forward as well as backward linkages, advertising their products and efficient use of scarce resources. Farmer producer companies have a good chance of expansion in order to improve their livelihood by developing their unexplored potentials. Keywords: tribal food system, sustainability, diversification, value chain, policy analysis matrix mailto:*latika4@gmail.com The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 10 A9 [09] COMMUNITY-COLLECTIVE ACTION AND RURAL FOOD SECURITY IN RESOURCE-SCARCE CONTEXTS: A CASE-STUDY ON VILLAGE-IRRIGATION TANK CASCADE BASED FARMING SYSTEMS OF SRI LANKA Ariyawanshe IDKSD1*, Fujimura M2 and Abeyrathne AHMSWB3 1The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences,Kagoshima University, Japan 2 Faculty of Agriculture,Saga University,Japan 3Tetra-Tech, Colombo, Sri Lanka *idksdariyawanse@gmail.com ABSTRACT Sustenance of local farming systems (FS) is inevitably linked with the resource-endowment and the attributes of communities associated with them, playing a key role in ensuring rural food security. Hypothesizing that the local communities adopt collective action under resource-scarce contexts in community-managed FSs, this study explores the drivers and role of collective action in sustainable management of rural FSs. The study context refers to resource scarcity induced by impacts of climate change and severe economic crisis on the FSs established under Village-Tank-Cascade- Systems(VTCS) in the rural dry zone of Sri Lanka. Medde-Rambewa cascade system located in Nawagattegama, Puttalam district of Sri Lanka was the geographical scope of the study. Case-study approach was used with mixed methods of data collection and analysis. A household questionnaire survey (n=88), focused group discussions, in-depth interviews and field observations were used for primary data collection. Based on the findings, community members were found to adopt collective strategies for scarce resource management when they perceive themselves as key stakeholders in the sustenance of resource systems, coupled with awareness on causes (X2(1, N=88) =4.29, p=0.038) and effects (X2(1, N=88) =6.41, p=0.011) of resource degradation in the FSs established under VTCS. Collective irrigation-water sharing (Bethma) in lowland FSs (92%), sharing of labour (34%) and other farming inputs (seeds, fertilizer and machinery) (64%) were found to be adopted as strategies in response to resource scarcity. Findings support the hypothesis and the study concludes that resource scarcity itself, community members’ recognition on their role as key stakeholders of resource management and awareness on the nature of resource endowment are drivers of collection action within communities managing FSs established under VTCS, ultimately contributing to ensure rural food security. Keywords: community, collective action, rural, farming systems, resource scarcity, food security mailto:*idksdariyawanse@gmail.com The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 11 A10 [10] DO THE COMBINED EFFECTS OF MYCORRHIZAL INOCULATION AND ORGANIC AMENDMENTS IMPROVE RICE GROWTH AND YIELD UNDER SALINE CONDITIONS? Diedhiou S1*, Diatta Y1, Goudiaby AOK1, Diallo MD2, Ndoye I3 and Fall S4 1Laboratoire d’Agroforesterie et d’Ecologie, Université Assane Seck Ziguinchor, Senegal 2UFR SA2TA, Université Gaston Berger de St Louis, Senegal 3Dpt de Biologie végétale, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Senegal 4Laboratoire commun de microbiologie, French Institute of Research for Development, Senegal *sdiedhiou@univ-zig.sn ABSTRACT The objective of this semi-controlled study was to evaluate the combined effect of Glomus mosseae and organic amendments on the development of rice plants under two levels of salinity. To do this, a three-factor Fisher block design was set up (salinity doses, organic amendments and mycorrhizal fungi). The parameters studied were seedling survival rate, rice agro-morphological parameters, and the frequency and intensity of mycorrhization of rice plants. The results revealed that plant survival was negatively affected by the highest salt dose (5.4 dS/m). However, regardless of the salt dose applied, the compost, C+G1 (fungus+compost), B+C+G1 (Biochar+compost+fungus) and B+C (Biochar+compost) treatments resulted in better survival rates of 98.42; 100; 100 and 97.11%, respectively. The compost treatment also increased heights, number of tillers and above-ground and root biomass regardless of salt dose. As for mycorrhization, plants receiving the fungus alone had a higher frequency (80%) and intensity (50%) for the highest salt dose (5.4 dS/m). Given the similar effect of fungus+C+B and organic amendments alone (B+C) on production parameters, so for better sustainability of rice cultivation, the use of organic amendments alone is more effective and requires use in salt-affected rice fields. These amendments would contribute to agricultural development by combating food insecurity and poverty. Keywords: Glomus mosseae, organic amendments, rice growth, salinity mailto:sdiedhiou@univ-zig.sn The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 12 A11 [11] INTER-DISTRICT REGIONAL DISPARITIES IN SOCIAL AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF BIHAR Kumar M1 and Nath PR2* 1UGC-JRF, Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, India 2Economics Section, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, India *nathravindra1007@gmail.com ABSTRACT Despite having the rich deposition of fertile alluvial soil due to the locational advantages of the Gangetic River basins, Bihar had missed the benefits of the green revolution due to the low level of irrigation and social infrastructure. The poor management of river and rainwater has also resulted in the periodic occurrence of floods in the northern districts and drought in the southern districts. This phenomenon has led to unbalanced growth across the regions in terms of both social and agricultural development. The successful implementation of three consecutive 'agricultural roadmaps' from 2008- 12, 2012-17, and 2017-22 has tried to establish the regional balance to some extent. In this paper, we aim to analyse the inter-district disparities in terms of social and agricultural development by computing the composite index and identifying the backward regions through the ‘principal component analysis’ method. For this, we have extracted the secondary data on selected ten indicators of social development (Number of schools, Enrolment ratio, Female literacy, Number of hospitals, Sex ratio, Percentage of female workers, Rural road network, Credit-Deposit ratio, Number of Kisan credit card, and Per capita GDP) and selected ten indicators of agricultural development (Net sown area, Gross irrigated area, Average rainfall, Total fertilizer consumption, Number of farm implements, Number of pump sets, Number of threshers, Number of livestock immunization, Forest area, and Agricultural GDP) from the Department of Economics and Statistics, Government of Bihar for the year 2019-20. The results from the analysis show that there is a high degree of social and agricultural disparities across the regions. Thus, a region-specific policy is needed to establish a balanced growth path. Keywords: regional disparities, agricultural development, social development mailto:nathravindra1007@gmail.com The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 13 A12 [12] BOOSTING DISEASE TOLERANCE, GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO APPLIED WITH CARRAGEENAN GROWTH PROMOTER Balderas MB* and Enano JD College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Central Bicol State University of Agriculture San Jose Pili, Camarines sur, 4418 Philippines *marilyn.balderas@cbsua.edu.ph ABSTRACT The study aimed at investigating the effects of carrageenan in promoting disease tolerance, growth, and yield of tomatoes. Biotic and abiotic diseases naturally occurred in the field were identified, and percent disease incidence (PDI) and seedling survival were determined. The treatments were the different rates of carrageenan applied at different growth stages of tomato plants in combination with the recommended rate of inorganic fertilizer (RRI). Experimental plots measuring 4m x 4m were laid out in the field following Randomized Complete Block Design with seven treatments replicated thrice from August to November 2022. The test plant is an open-pollinated Rossana variety. The abiotic diseases identified include water stress, water logging, growth cracks, blossom end rot, and mineral deficiencies. However, diseases caused by the pathogens were Fusarium wilt, root-knot nematode, stem rot, leaf mold, anthracnose, blight, and fruit rots. Tomato plants treated with 30 ml carrageenan obtained the lowest PDI with 9.66% and 15% PDI at 30 and 45 DAT, respectively. The lower incidence indicates the tolerance of tomatoes to diseases. The highest survival rates were noted in tomatoes applied with 10 ml carrageenan, at 85.18%, while the lowest was in the control plants, at 70.37%. Effects of carrageenan on the growth of tomatoes revealed significant differences in the final height, number of primary branches, days to flowering, and days to first harvest. The highest yield was 8.41 tons/ha, and a return on investment of 279.68% in tomatoes applied with 30 ml carrageenan, also the most effective application rate during the wet cropping season. The application of carrageenan growth promoter enhanced the field disease resistance of tomatoes and significantly improved the growth performance and yield during the off-season cropping. Keywords: carrageenan, OPV tomato, disease incidence, tolerance mailto:marilyn.balderas@cbsua.edu.ph The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 14 A13 [13] VERMICOMPOSTING PERFORMANCE OF THREE SURFACE DWELLERS EARTHWORMS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY Rodriguez DG1* and Simon SR2 Isabela State University, Cabagan Campus, Philippines *dominic.g.rodriguez@isu.edu.ph ABSTRACT The study was aimed at finding ways in improving vermicompost production through the use of cross- bred earthworms and native earthworm instead of the usual pure African night crawlers (ANC). The experimental trial was conducted at the Central Experiment Station of the Department of Research and Development of the Isabela State University-Cabagan Campus in 2022 specifically to evaluate the composting performance of African Night Crawlers (ANC-Eudrilus eugeniae), Native Earthworms (NE-Perionyx excavatus) and Cross-bred Earthworms (CBE). Treatments included were; T1 – 100% CBE, T2 – 100% ANC, T3 – 50% CBE + 50 % ANC, T4 – 50% CBE + 50% NE; T5 – 70% ANC + 30% NE. The results of the current study revealed that, T2 has the highest volume of converted vermicast with a mean weight of 17.9 kg, followed by T5 with 17.8 kg., T1 (17.5 kg), T3 (16.6 kg), and T4 has the lowest converted vermicast with a mean weight of 16.5 kg. Statistical analysis of the data revealed that there is a difference among the different treatment means at 0.5 level of significance (F=3.64, F-prob=0.0366, P=0.0000). The result of the nutrient analysis revealed that T1 has the highest nitrogen content with 0.61%, followed by T4 with 0.60%, T5 (0.59%), T3 (0.51%), and T2 has the lowest content with 0.48%. In terms of Phosphorus, T2 has the highest content with 0.18%, followed by T4 with 0.17%, T3 (0.15%), T1 (0.13%), and T4 has the lowest content with 0.11%. In terms of Potassium, T5 has the highest percentage of potassium content with 0.43%, followed by T4 (0.42%), T1 (0.40%), T3 (0.37), and T2 has the lowest content with 0.36%. Among the five treatments, T1 produced the highest ROI with 5.69%. Keywords: African night crawler, cross bred earthworm, native earthworm, vermicast The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 15 B1 [14] EFFECT OF POULTRY LITTER BIOCHAR CO-PYROLYSED WITH RUBBERWOOD ASH ON CATION LEACHING IN AN IMMATURE BROWN LOAM SOIL Sarachchandra PO1, Dharmakeerthi RS2* and Karunarathna AK3 1Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka 2Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka 3Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka *dharmakeerthirs@agri.pdn.ac.lk ABSTRACT Application of wood ash (WA) in agricultural soils can cause negative effects on crop growth due to its high salt index. Co-prolysing WA with organic wastes could reduce availability of basic cations in WA. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature on K availability in poultry litter biochar (BC) co-pyrolysed with or without rubber wood ash (RWA), and to study the effect of co-pyrolysed BC amended soils on leaching losses of basic cations. Poultry litter (PL) was co- pyrolysed with RWA in 0,1 and 5% w/w at 350, 500, 650 and 900 °C. The PL co-pyrolysed with 5% WA at 650 °C (BC+5%WA,650°C) had significantly high (p<0.05) available (6.8%) and total K (7%) contents when compared to other BC types (3.1-6.1% and 3.4-6.4%, respectively). A leaching column experiment was conducted to determine the leaching losses of K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ from unamended Immature Brown Loam (IBL) soil (T1) or amended with 2% (w/w) of BC (T2), BC+5%WA,650°C (T3) and WA (T4). The highest proportion of available K was leached from T4 (75%) when compared to other treatments (15-38%). WA contained significantly higher Ca2+ (0.35%) and Mg2+ (1.1%) contents compared to that of soil (0.1%, 0.2% respectively) and total leached Ca2+ from T4 is lower while Mg2+ was higher than that of T1. Leached Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents were similar in T1, T2 and T3 but K+ leaching was significantly high in biochar amended soils. These observations could be attributed to replacement of monovalent cations in exchange sites by divalent cations making them more vulnerable to leaching losses. We concluded that co-pyrolysis of PL with WA at 650 °C can be a better strategy to recycle WA in crop growing IBL soils than their direct application. Keywords: co-pyrolysis, biochar, cation leaching, immature brown loam, poultry litter, wood ash mailto:*dharmakeerthirs@agri.pdn.ac.lk The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 16 B2 [15] SYSTEM DYNAMIC MODEL OF WATER FOOTPRINT ASSESSMENT IN SALTED FOURFINGER THREADFIN PRODUCTION FROM LOCAL ENTERPRISE IN PATTANI PROVINCE, SOUTHERN THAILAND Maprasit S*, Muadchim M, Madmanang R, Pantaweesap N, Boonkaew R, Pradabphetrat P and Jijai S Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Technology and Agriculture, Yala Rajabhat University, Yala Province, Thailand *Saudee.M@yru.ac.th ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to develop model and analyze the potential of water use according to the concept and study guideline of Water Footprint (WF) in an applied salted fish production system based on a bio-resources-dependent principle emphasizing that are the identity of local materials and process. A Community processed foods that lead to product development by applying the WEF- Nexus principle by water management for sufficient and efficient use of water in the system is related to the amount of water energy and food. The water management including all 3 types of WF, namely blue water for water resources, wastewater that can be treated (green water) and wastewater that cannot be treated at present (gray water). From the problems of sufficient amount of water in production system, water quality problems and waste water management. The management can be carried out by developing water catchment areas. Develop low-cost water filters and wastewater treatment systems and from the results of development and research, its can reducing water loss in the production process by more than 20 percent. The water used in the production process meets the quality criteria for used water and wastewater is treated before releasing into natural water sources. Keywords: water footprint, system dynamic, Salted Fourfinger Threadfin Production, Local enterprise production mailto:Saudee.M@yru.ac.th The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 17 B3 [16] 5G+AIOT INTELLIGENT AGRICULTURE OPPORTUNITIES AND RESTRICTIONS FOR THE DIGITAL VILLAGE SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION IN WESTERN CHINA Wei MM1, Cui CX1*, Sun HY2 and Chan A2 1 College of Humanities & Social Development, Northwest A&F University, China 2Strategic Project & Development (ZH), PCCW Global, (Hengqin) Technology Limited, China *ylsn003@163.com ABSTRACT 5G+AIoT Intelligent agriculture represents a highly systematic and integrated project, encompassing modern information technologies such as 5G, Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, Cloud Computing, and Blockchain. The effectiveness of the intelligent agriculture ecosystem depends on the synergistic combination of these diverse technologies. Promoting a high degree of cooperation between different regions in Western China is necessary to achieve national development. This article explores the systematic ecology of 5G+AIoT intelligent agriculture, focusing on its role in promoting high-quality agricultural development. We specifically target agricultural stakeholders in various regions of China, examining the application of 5G+AIoT technology in their agricultural activities. Our evaluation is based on various metrics, including the scale of development, research, and development of critical technologies, quality of labor, and regional development. Despite the potential, we identify several bottlenecks that currently restrict the growth of 5G+AIoT intelligent agriculture. Finally, we propose recommendations to expedite China's transition from traditional to digital agriculture. This article is intended to contribute to the development of intelligent agriculture in China by providing insights and actionable strategies for overcoming existing challenges. Keywords: 5G+AIoT, intelligent agriculture, digital village, construction mailto:*ylsn003@163.com The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 18 B4 [17] HIGH PRECISSION AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION, CASE STUDY: PRODUCT IMPROVEMENT AND QUALITY OF Ipomoea batatas 'CILEMBU' IN WEST JAVA Sanny TA1*, Asrib ML1 and Nathania EY2 1Geophysical Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institute of Technology Bandung, Indonesia 2Geophysical Engineering, Institute of Technology Sumatera, Indonesia *tasanny.bhtv@gmail.com ABSTRACT Market demand for Cilembu sweet potato production is increasing from year to year. Therefore it needs to be balanced with an increase in the supply of productivity in the field. The problem faced is that Cilembu sweet potato which has the best productivity and quality only grows in certain areas. Various attempts have been made by researchers to find out the cause of this specific phenomenon. The importance of this study is aimed at knowing the characterization of the land and its distribution which is very much needed in order to be able to increase the supply of productivity and quality of Cilembu sweet potato considering the global market demand which continues to increase day by day. The study was conducted on a typical sweet potato farm in Cilembu village, Kec. Pamulihan, Sumedang district, West Java and non-typical sweet potato agricultural land in Margaasih Village, Cicalengka District, Kab. Bandung. This characterization was carried out using a high precision agriculture approach with currently developing geophysical technology. In this study we combined two methodologies, namely geoelectric and microtremor as well as the conventional method as data correlation material. the results of the study are divided into typical and non-typical land. on typical land, the amplification and resistivity values of the land show results that are in accordance with the requirements of the land for Cilembu sweet potato plants, namely having soil that is not wet, sufficient water requirements, and soil weathering originating from volcanic rocks. whereas in non- typical land, the amplification and resistivity values of the land show results where the land is characteristic of wet swampland and soil weathering comes from lake sedimentary rocks. From these results can show the factors that affect the quality of Cilembu sweet potato Keywords: agricultural geophysics, microtremor, soil characterization, ERT, Cilembu sweet potato mailto:tasanny.bhtv@gmail.com The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 19 B5 [18] CHARACTERIZATION OF Ipomoea batatas 'CILEMBU' NON-TYPICAL AGRICULTURAL LAND USING THE ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY (ERT) AND MICROTREMOR APPROACH Sanny TA1*, Asrib ML1 and Nathania EY2 1Geophysical Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institute of Technology Bandung, Indonesia 2Geophysical Engineering, Institute of Technology Sumatera, Indonesia * tasanny.bhtv@gmail.com ABSTRACT The market demand for Cilembu sweet potato is increasing from year to year, therefore it is necessary to develop Cilembu sweet potato land in other areas as a solution to this problem, including in non- typical Cilembu sweet potato land. Iinvestigations on the distribution of fertile soils are carried out on non-typical agricultural lands so that farmers can assess fertility problems in the soil which can increase crop productivity. This particularity was carried out using a high precision agriculture approach with currently developing geophysical technology. This research was conducted to determine the characteristics of non-typical Cilembu sweet potato agricultural land in the Cicalengka sub-district. Data from the two methods are processed using geopsy software and RES2DINV which produces parameters of dominant frequency (f0), amplification (A), and resistivity (ρ). The processing results obtained resistivity values from 100 to 600 Ωm, dominant frequency values from 3.697 to 4.545 Hz and amplification values from 3.1 to 5.4. The result show resistivity values in the range of 100 to 600 Ωm, indicate an alluvial soil type area which is rich in minerals and suitable for organic Cilembu sweet potato cultivation. This agricultural area also has a frequency value below 4 indicating that the area has thick sediment, this is because the topography of the land decreases from east to west so that there are elevation differences on agricultural land. This agricultural area also has an amplification value above 4 indicating that in this area the soil is heterogeneous, dense enough that it allows the soil to absorb water better so that in that area the soil is more fertile than soil with low amplification (< 4). This research is expected to characterize the soil physical properties of agricultural land which will provide information in the form of resistivity and dominant amplification parameters related to the determination of fertile soil in the study area. Finally, this study aims to become a reference for similar agricultural research in determining the soil fertility status of an agricultural land. Keywords: Cicalengka, ERT, Microtremor, Agriculture Geophysics, Cilembu sweet potato mailto:%20tasanny.bhtv@gmail.com The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 20 B6 [19] CHARACTERIZATION OF Ipomoea batatas 'CILEMBU' TYPICAL AGRICULTURAL LAND USING ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY (ERT) AND MICROTREMOR APPROACHES Sanny TA1*, Asrib ML1 and Nathania EY2 1Geophysical Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institute of Technology Bandung, Indonesia 2 Geophysical Engineering, Institute of Technology Sumatera, Indonesia * tasanny.bhtv@gmail.com ABSTRACT Agricultural productivity is highly correlated with soil physical characteristics. Generally, the characterization of agricultural land is done traditionally, but this research raises a new problem in agriculture where the characterization of the physical properties of agricultural land is determined based on microtremor data processed using the HVSR method. Determination of the physical characteristics of the soil in this study was conducted to determine the relationship between the physical properties of the soil on the productivity of sweet potato farming land. This research was conducted on sweet potato farms in Cilembu village, Pamulihan sub-district, Sumedang district, West Java, which is the most popular Cilembu sweet potato producing area (Solihin et al., 2018). The results of this study provide information about the structure of shallow soil layers in Cilembu sweet potato farms. Measurements were made at 12 points on land with an area of 40×50m. The HVSR method is used to determine the frequency and amplification values at each point. The results obtained show that in more fertile areas it has frequency values from the range 9 – 14 Hz, and amplification from the range 2.5 – 4. The shear wave velocity from the inversion of the HVSR curve is 70 – 400 m/s from a depth of 0 – 40m . Based on the Vs classification table, the soil used in agriculture in the study area is included in the soft to medium soil type with a range of 70 – 208 m/s. Keywords: agricultural geophysics, microtremor, soil characterization, subsoil structure mailto:%20tasanny.bhtv@gmail.com The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 21 B7 [20] IMPROVEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY TESTING SERVICE INDUSTRY OPERATIONS USING VALUE ANALYSIS AND COMPUTER SIMULATION Deniega CGV1*, Fajardo AL1, Gallegos RKB1, Madamba JAB2 and Revilla JAD3 1Agribiosystems Machinery and Power Engineering Division, Institute of Agricultural & Biosystems Engineering, College of Engineering and Agro-Industrial Technology, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines 2Department of Agribusiness Management and EntrepreneurshipAcademic Programs, College of Economics and Management, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines 3Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering and Agro-Industrial Technology, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines *cvdeniega@up.edu.ph ABSTRACT Agricultural machinery testing is an important aspect in agricultural mechanization; hence, the need for improvement on this type of operation. The study aims to improve the testing services operations of an agricultural machinery testing service industry using value analysis (VA). The strategies under VA used in this study are value stream mapping (VSM) and computer simulation. VSM is a visual representation of the process in a system that aims to eliminate delays, errors, inappropriate procedures while improving customer’s satisfaction. The current testing services operations of machine testing for small engine, pump, four-wheel tractor (FWT), and walking-type agricultural tractor (WTAT) were assessed by making a current state map and improved by eliminating wastes and making a future state map. These maps were modeled and simulated using FlexSim simulation software. VSM improvement results showed that the average lead time, process time, and changeover time was reduced by 42.7%, 6.9%, and 2.3%, respectively. Flexsim simulation observed that the average process time was reduced by 3.7% and average productivity increased by 65.0%. This improvement can make timely and cost-effective agricultural machinery testing services operations and will have a positive impact on the country’s agricultural mechanization. Keywords: agricultural machinery testing, value analysis, value stream mapping, computer simulation mailto:*cvdeniega@up.edu.ph The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 22 B8 [21] PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT AGRICULTURAL PUMPS FOR AGRICULTURAL AND FISHERY MACHINERY APPLICATION Fajardo AL1, Deniega CGV1*, Raytana FJJ2, Reyes MJB2, Menguito JJT2, and Pinca YMM2 1Agribiosystems Machinery and Power Engineering Division, Institute of Agricultural & Biosystems Engineering, College of Engineering and Agro-Industrial Technology, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines 2Agricultural Machinery Testing & Evaluation Center, College of Engineering and Agro- Industrial Technology, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines *cvdeniega@up.edu.ph ABSTRACT Agricultural mechanization is one of the solutions of the Philippine government in addressing food security in the country through the implementation of the Agriculture and Fisheries Mechanization Law of 2013 and Rice Tariffication Law of 2019. This scenario increased the demand for the testing of agricultural pumps in the country. However, results of the tests are only available to companies such as pump manufacturers and distributors; hence, the need to make technical bulletin of pump performance available to sectors like farmers and engineers. This study aimed to compare the performance of agricultural pumps tested by the Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation Center (AMTEC) from 1989 to 2022 with the minimum requirements set forth in PAES 114:2000 (Pump-Specifications) and PAES 115:2000 (Pump-Methods of Test). A total of 960 agricultural pumps were analyzed in the study through AMTEC test data: 553 centrifugal pumpsets, 371 bare pumps, and 36 submersible pumpsets. The performance of the agricultural pumps was evaluated using three parameters, namely maximum system efficiency, total suction lift and input speed. Results showed that the average overall pump performance considering the three parameters were within the standards. In the performance evaluation scheme analysis, 54% of the agricultural pumpsets and 69% of bare pumps attained the minimum ratings. Most of the bare pumps and pumpsets tested in AMTEC still pass the minimum standards set by the performance evaluation rating scheme. For further study, other parameters in PAES 115 can be considered in the analysis. Also, analysis of the agricultural pump performance can be done in terms of assigning weights on specific parameters and using other statistical tools such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) or Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). Keywords: agricultural mechanization, agricultural pump, agricultural machinery testing, AMTEC mailto:*cvdeniega@up.edu.ph The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 23 B9 [22] ASSESSING THE SILAGE POTENTIALITY OF FARMER-BRED MAIZE (Zea mays L.) VARIETIES USING AGRONOMIC AND CHEMICAL MARKERS Diaz RA*, Delfino FC, Alaba JBS, Badon LMB, Cubelo JEC, and Bulfa AD College of Agriculture, Silliman University, Dumaguete City, 6200 Negros Oriental, Philippines *reheladiaz@su.edu.ph ABSTRACT Maize for silage production must be selected for yield and quality associated with various agronomic and chemical traits. While there are now available cultivars of maize cultivated for silage production, farmer-bred varieties due to their diverse genetic bases and stability to various environmental pressures may possess traits and qualities that make them a sustainable and smart choice for silage production. In the Philippines, no study was conducted to understand the potential of farmer-bred maize varieties for silage production. Utilizing quality maize protein open-pollinated variety (OPV) as a check, five farmer-bred varieties collected from Masbate and Negros Oriental, Philippines were assessed for their silage potentiality using agronomic markers (and chemical markers. The agronomic markers used were leaf angle, leaf area index, crop growth rate (CGR), and silage yield while crude protein and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were the chemical markers. Results revealed that the agronomic characteristics such as leaf angle, leaf area index, and CGR of five farmer-bred varieties are comparable to that of existing quality protein OPV. In terms of silage yield, two farmer-bred varieties (Dauin and Ayungon) outperformed the elite check variety. Chemically, the crude protein content of Dauin and Ayungon is comparable to that of the elite check cultivar. Dauin has the lowest ADF content, thus, is more digestible. Generally, Dauin has the highest silage potentiality among the farmer-bred varieties tested due to its high silage yield, crude protein, and low ADF. While Ayungon has a good potential for silage production due to its high silage yield and crude protein, its ADF is high making it less digestible. Amid environmental pressures, utilization of farmer-bred maize variety is sustainable as it requires lesser agrochemical inputs while producing excellent silage yield and quality. Keywords: maize, crude protein, acid detergent fiber, silage mailto:*reheladiaz@su.edu.ph The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 24 B10 [23] ADDRESSING FARM WATER SCARCITY THROUGH MICRO IRRIGATION PROJECTS: A CASE-ANALYSIS OF FARMERS’ WATER CONSERVATION BEHAVIOUR IN RAJASTHAN STATE Singh PK1*, Dey S1, Pal A1and Soni S2 1Center for Rural Development and Innovative Sustainable Technology (CRDIST), IIT Kharagpur 2Agricultural and Food Engineering, IIT Kharagpur *psingh@iitkgp.ac.in ABSTRACT Effective farm water management is crucial for agricultural sustainably and has become increasingly challenging, especially in developing countries like India. Further, different sub-regions within India have unique challenges associated with farm water scarcity based on their diverse geographic, economic, and social structural factors. Water scarcity affects farm irrigation and subsequent farm yield. Hence, it is essential to identify factors that help in designing appropriate micro-irrigation systems to improve farm water use efficiency without compromising yield goals. We employ multilinear regression analysis to analyse the exogenous factors affecting the area under micro- irrigation across India and found that the number of large holdings significantly affected the adaptation of micro-irrigation projects across the states. Apart from exogenous factors, farmers’ behaviour can also affect the adoption of micro-irrigation practices. With this perspective, the present study attempts to identify the relationship between demographic, economic, and social structural factors and outcome expectancy variables with farmers’ water conservation behaviour. The structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique was employed to understand the association between predictor and outcome variables. Results show that subsidies and farmers’ skills were the most significant positive predictors of the farmers’ water conservation behaviour. Among the socio-economic variables, landholding size positively regulates the water conservation behaviour of the farmers. The findings indicate that government may optimize the micro-irrigation subsidy allocation across diverse landholdings. Financial Institutions can develop new financial instruments to speed up quality credit disbursement for better acceptance of micro-irrigation projects across smallholders. The regional level institutions i.e. farmer producer organizations, water groups, farmers cooperatives, etc. can be formed and promoted extensively to avail funding support under a broader set of rural infra development funds. Keywords: micro-irrigation subsidies, water conservation behaviour, structural equation model, social cognitive theory mailto:*psingh@iitkgp.ac.in The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 25 B11 [24] THE DEVASTING IMPACT OF POWER CUTS ON THE POULTRY INDUSTRY Dlamini N* and Mbatha L National Movement of Rural Women 230 Jan Smuts Avenue, Dunkeld West, Randburg, 2196, Republic of South Africa *nqobile@nmrw.org ABSTRACT For the past 14 years, loadshedding has continued to plague South Africa and its people. This is due to the country’s failure in building new power stations to keep up with economic growth and the failure of replacing old generation plants. As a result, many industries have suffered due to power cuts, including the poultry industry. The aim of this study is to assess the impact loadshedding has on the poultry industry and to explore the many challenges the poultry industry faces due to such. The National Movement of Rural Women (NMRW) is a non-profit organization (NPO) that supports projects (micro businesses/cooperatives) that are established and managed by rural women. The NMRW commits to work with projects that prove demand and require assistance. NMRW uses a Database Management System to capture all data and information of the microbusinesses which are across four provinces of South Africa, namely – KwaZulu Natal, Northwest, Limpopo and Mpumalanga. Based on the Data Management System the NMRW is financially supporting 499 microbusinesses with a total of 966 beneficiaries of which 862 (89%) are women and 104 (11%) are men who are involved in agriculture for food security. 67 (13%) of the microbusinesses focus solely on poultry production (broilers and layers) which was used by this study to analyse and quantify the impact of loadshedding suffered by the cooperatives. The results revealed that a substantial poultry selling price increase would be required to recover the high feed input costs and the impact of load shedding. However, they were unable to implement the selling price increase required due to market price by competitors in their specific areas and as a result, continue to ‘subsidise’ the increased cost of production to their customer base and the consumer. Therefore, the poultry producers indicated that the cost to produce chicken outweighs the selling price. Essentially, the businesses are operating at a loss. The trend of the impact of loadshedding was observed between 2022 and 2023. The study recommends that micro-businesses adapt to the intermittent power cuts and mitigate the negative impacts on poultry production. Keywords: power cuts, impact, loadshedding, poultry, production mailto:nqobile@nmrw.org The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 26 B12 [25] KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS, ATTITUDE, AND ASPIRATIONS OF FARMERS TOWARDS THE ADOPTION OF CLIMATE RESILIENT ORGANIC RICE FARMING PRACTICES Bacus MS* College of Agriculture, Central Mindanao University, Bukidnon, Philippines *maryjoybacus1979@gmail.com ABSTRACT This study assessed the knowledge, skills, attitude, and aspirations of farmers toward the adoption of Climate Resilient Organic Rice Farming Practices (CRORFP) in the Province of Bukidnon, Philippines. The objectives of the study were: 1) to assess the knowledge, skills, attitude, and aspirations of the farmer-adopters to CRORFP; 2) to determine the influence of KSAA of farmers on their decision to adopt the CRORFP. The respondents of the study were irrigated lowland organic rice farmers. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were employed. The study claimed that the knowledge level of the farmer-adopters was very high, their skills level was very competent, their attitude level was very strong, and their aspirations were very high. The influence of the farmers' knowledge (t – value = 4.048, p = 0.000), and social aspirations (t – value = 3.029, p = 0.003) were the best significant predictors of their level of adoption of CRORFP. It implied that the higher their level of knowledge on organic farming and its advantages, the greater the extent of adoption of the farmers to CRORFP. The farmers' higher level of social aspiration led to a greater extent of adoption. The F-value = 143.119* influence = 000 indicates that the combined contribution of the independent variables significantly influenced the farmers' KSAA level of adoption of CRORFP. The government may intensify the adoption of CRORFP by providing training, seminars, and workshops on the attitude and skills development of farmer-adopters. Keywords: knowledge, skills, attitude, aspirations, organic farming The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 27 B13 [26] THE FILIPINO VALUES AS A BACKDROP TO THE AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION INITIATIVE IN THE ISLAND OF BOHOL Pasquin EG1,2*, Bandojo AJP1 and Cabauatan RR1,2 1Business Economics Department, College of Commerce and Business Administration, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines 2Research Center for Social Sciences and Education, University of Santo Tomas,Manila, Philippines *egpasquin@ust.edu.ph ABSTRACT The economic growth in the Philippines has been stimulated largely by the service sector converting the economic landscape vibrantly by the service industry but it cannot be denied that the basic demands of the household are mostly agriculture based. With a gross domestic product illustrating a strong position prior to the pandemic, the farmers who toiled the land with great determination remain to be the most marginalized. The national government through the Department of Agriculture’s (DA) mechanization program in coordination with the local government units, intend to advance the economic and farming conditions of the rice farmers. However, there are challenges that need to be reconciled with their values that could be an impediment in adopting the program. The study made an inference between the Filipino rice farmers’ values as a backdrop in the adoption of the DA’s agricultural mechanization program in order to facilitate increase agricultural produce. A modified researcher constructed questionnaire was employed with 397 rice farmers as respondents covering the three district of the province of Bohol. The structural equation model was utilized to empirically test the set of hypotheses with a result illustrating the significance impact of certain Filipino values such as: social mobility, family networks, social relations, obedience to authority, familiarization, and traditional practices towards intention to adopt the mechanization program available. Keywords: rice farmers, adoption, farm methods, mechanization program The 10th International Conference on Agriculture 2023 (AGRICO 2023) Page | 28 B14 [27] ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT TO REDUCE RAINFED RICE YIELD GAP UNDER CHANGING CLIMATE Mishra A1* and Debnath S2 1Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, IIT Kharagpur, Kh