table Annual Report 2019 Final version, June 26, 2020 Photo: Melissa Cooperman/IFPRI The CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) is led by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and brings together 15 CGIAR Centers and many partners. External managing partners include KIT Royal Tropical Institute, Michigan State University (MSU), University of Oxford, Wageningen University and Research (WUR), and World Vision International. Leadership of the program’s flagships is as follows: - Flagship 1: Technological Innovation and Sustainable Intensification: CIAT, IFPRI, MSU - Flagship 2: Economywide Factors Affecting Agricultural Growth and Rural Transformation: IFPRI, MSU - Flagship 3: Inclusive and Efficient Value Chains: CIMMYT, IFPRI, WUR - Flagship 4: Social Protection for Agriculture and Resilience: IFPRI - Flagship 5: Governance of Natural Resources: CIFOR, IFPRI - Flagship 6: Cross-cutting Gender Research and Coordination: IFPRI, KIT, University of Oxford Africa Rice Center Bioversity Center for International Center International Center International International for Agricultural for Tropical Forestry Research in the Dry Agriculture (CIAT) Research (CIFOR) Areas (ICARDA) International Crops International Food International International International Maize Research Institute Policy Research Institute of Livestock Research and Wheat for the Semi-Arid Institute (IFPRI) Tropical Institute (ILRI) Improvement Center Tropics (ICRISAT) Agriculture (IITA) (CIMMYT) International Potato International Rice International World Agroforestry WorldFish Center (CIP) Research Institute Water Centre (ICRAF) (IRRI) Management Institute (IWMI) External managing partners: Table of contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................... 2 Part A: NARRATIVE SECTION ......................................................................................... 3 1. Key results ................................................................................................................. 3 1.1 Progress towards SDGs and SLOs....................................................................... 3 1.2 Progress towards outputs and outcomes .............................................................. 4 1.2.1 Overall CRP progress .................................................................................... 4 1.2.2 Progress by flagship ....................................................................................... 4 1.2.3 Variance from planned program ..................................................................... 6 1.2.4 Altmetric and publication highlights ................................................................ 7 1.3 Cross-cutting dimensions (at CRP level) .............................................................. 8 1.3.1 Gender ........................................................................................................... 8 1.3.2 Youth and other aspects of social inclusion / “Leaving no-one behind”........... 9 1.3.3 Capacity development .................................................................................. 10 1.3.4 Climate change ............................................................................................ 11 2. Effectiveness and efficiency ..................................................................................... 12 2.1 Management and governance ............................................................................ 12 2.2 Partnerships ....................................................................................................... 12 2.2.1. Highlights of external partnerships .............................................................. 12 2.2.2. Cross-CGIAR partnerships .......................................................................... 13 2.3 Intellectual assets ............................................................................................... 14 2.4 Monitoring, evaluation, impact assessment and learning (MELIA) ...................... 14 2.5 Efficiency ............................................................................................................ 14 2.6 Management of risks .......................................................................................... 15 2.7 Use of Window 1-2 funding ................................................................................. 15 3. Financial summary ................................................................................................... 16 Part B. TABLES ............................................................................................................... 17 Table 1: Evidence on progress towards SRF targets ......................................... 17 Table 2: List of policy contributions .................................................................... 19 Table 3: List of outcome/impact case reports .................................................... 24 Table 4: List of innovations ................................................................................ 26 Table 5: Summary of status of planned outcomes and milestones .................... 29 Table 6: Numbers of peer-reviewed journal articles ........................................... 47 Table 7: Participants in capacity development activities .................................... 47 Table 8: Key external partnerships .................................................................... 48 Table 9: Internal cross-CGIAR collaborations .................................................... 55 Table 10: Monitoring, evaluation, learning and impact assessment (MELIA) ..... 58 Table 11: Update on actions taken in response to relevant evaluations ............. 59 Table 12: Examples of W1/2 use ....................................................................... 67 Table 13: CRP financial report ........................................................................... 68 Part C: Additional evidence to be submitted through Management Information Systems or as indicated ..................................................................................................................... 69 Evidence A: Full list of policy contributions ............................................................... 69 Evidence B: Full list of innovations ........................................................................... 69 Evidence C: Outcomes and milestones .................................................................... 69 Evidence D: Full list of peer-reviewed journal articles ............................................... 70 Evidence E: Altmetric ............................................................................................... 77 Evidence F: Full list of current external partners ....................................................... 77 Evidence G: Participants in capacity development activities ..................................... 78 Annex: Progress by flagships .......................................................................................... 92 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In 2019, research conducted under the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) informed policies and investments of governments, development agencies, non-governmental organizations and private companies in Africa, Asia and Latin America. PIM contributed to investment plans and policies in Afghanistan, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines and Rwanda; scaling up of digital advisory services in Ethiopia and of payments for agrobiodiversity conservation in Peru; biotechnology advances in Nigeria; renewal of community forest concessions in Guatemala; and improved rangeland governance in Ethiopia and Tanzania. At the global level, PIM research was used to shape the European Union biofuel policy as well as strategic decisions of several organizations such as the Asian Development Bank, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, CGIAR, UK’s Department for International Development, the Inter-American Development Bank, the International Fund for Agricultural Development, USAID and the World Health Organization. An external review of the outcomes of PIM- supported foresight modeling work was completed. PIM findings were disseminated through various tools and fora. The Global Foresight for Food and Agriculture Tool was launched to allow decision makers to explore the impact of agricultural investment scenarios on human well-being through 2050. PIM teamed up with USAID to organize an event to chart a course for future agricultural extension. The partnership with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) on data and methodologies for measuring food losses expanded. A synthesis of research on gender- differentiated outcomes from safety net programs in Africa was released. Findings on intimate partner violence were disseminated by the research consortium on this topic. Key findings from the upcoming CGIAR publication on gender and agriculture were shared in a policy seminar. PIM researchers engaged with implementation partners to pilot various innovations, including platforms for improving food and nutrition security in the Middle East and North Africa, value chain interventions in twelve countries, bundling of several risk management tools (drought- tolerant seeds, weather insurance and advisory services) to create a viable business model for the private sector in Kenya, and learning games on collective action for better governance of natural resources in India and Southeast Asia. PIM invested in improving global and national models for analyzing effects of and responses to short-term shocks and long-term trends. Following the program’s 2019-2021 priorities, efforts expanded in the areas of seed systems, climate change, employment, youth and gender, and new research started on promoting food quality through certification and standards and on reducing the costs of nutritious food. In accordance with its integrative function, PIM continued to support existing CGIAR communities of practice on foresight, value chains, natural resource governance and gender and initiated a new one on the political economy of agri-food systems. PIM co-organized the “Seeds of Change” conference on gender and sponsored side events and presentations by CGIAR scientists at the International Association of the Study of the Commons conference. In 2019 PIM produced about 450 publications, including 115 journal articles and six books. PIM’s trainings increased the capacity of 10,400 people in over 40 countries. 2 Part A: NARRATIVE SECTION 1. Key results 1.1 Progress towards SDGs and SLOs a) Overall contribution of the CGIAR towards the SRF targets in the relevant area of work for the CRP, based on rigorous adoption and/or impact data No formal ex post impact assessment was completed in 2019. Results of PIM 2019 studies that are useful for reporting on PIM’s contributions towards SLOs are presented below. Improving extension delivery methods (SLO targets related to adoption and productivity): PIM collaborated with Digital Green to test its video-mediated extension delivery approach. Research results published in 2019 informed the scaling up of the approach in Ethiopia. The results also provide insights into the effects of the approach on technology adoption and yield increase. The approach was found to increase adoption of several practices by between 3 and 10 percentage points for maize, teff and wheat. Yields of teff increased by 15-20 %. The approach also enabled extension staff to reach more farmers. Improving social protection programs (SLO targets related to nutrition, poverty and gender): Several 2019 studies on the effectiveness of social protection programs contribute to understanding the impact of social protection research on poverty reduction and nutrition. PIM has engaged for several years with the governments of Bangladesh, Egypt, Ethiopia and Mali to strengthen their safety net programs by providing evidence about the outcomes of different program modalities. A review of the effects of safety net programs on outcomes for women in Africa reveals that few studies provide specific information about nutritional outcomes for women, which are specifically targeted by several CGIAR system level outcomes. In 43% of cases, implementation of safety nets resulted in an improved dietary diversity score. The review found positive effects of safety net programs on several indicators related to the economic well-being of women in participating households, such as increased savings, assets, and consumption expenditures. A study in Bangladesh highlights the importance of including behavioral change communication in transfer programs to boost consumption and asset building. An RCT evaluation in Bangladesh shows that a program providing women with cash or food transfers alongside behavioral change communication on nutrition led to sustained reductions of 6-7 percentage points in intimate partner violence. b) Any areas of learning from impact assessments which have influenced the direction of the program (see Table 11) A 2018 survey of users of the Statistics on Public Expenditures for Economic Development (SPEED) tool revealed a high level of appreciation for the compilation of public expenditure data for the examination of historical trends and cross-country comparisons and suggested that SPEED should include more recent years’ expenditures and additional countries. These updates were funded by PIM in 2019 (coverage expanded from 147 to 164 countries and expenditure information was updated through 2017). 3 1.2 Progress towards outputs and outcomes 1.2.1 Overall CRP progress Progress towards PIM’s 2022 outcomes remains on track, as evidenced by the achievement of nearly all 2019 milestones (Table 5) and the description of 22 outcome cases (Table 3). PIM research informed agricultural policies or investment plans in Afghanistan, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines and Rwanda. PIM innovations are being used by partners at scale in Ethiopia (digital advisory services and participatory land use planning), India (experimental games for collective action), Peru (payments for agrobiodiversity conservation), Tanzania (joint village land use planning) and Yemen (online repository of country-level information on food security). PIM results are influencing decisions on community forest concessions in Guatemala. At the global level, PIM research has been used to shape the EU biofuel policy, the World Health Organization’s RESPECT Women framework and strategic decisions of several funding agencies. Numerous partnerships with governments, non- governmental organizations and private companies are ongoing in the areas of seed systems, extension delivery methods, prioritization of investments, value chain strengthening, crop insurance, social protection, natural resource governance and women’s empowerment. PIM continues to support CGIAR communities of practice on foresight, value chains, natural resource governance and gender and began building a new one on the political economy of agri-food systems. PIM co-organized the “Seeds of Change” conference on gender. Books on youth and jobs in rural Africa, agricultural transformation in Ghana and transformation of aquaculture in Bangladesh were published. PIM published 115 journal articles (Evidence D) and PIM’s trainings increased the capacity of 10,400 people in over 40 countries (Evidence G). 1.2.2 Progress by flagship Flagship 1 “Technological Innovation and Sustainable Intensification” PIM foresight research published in several high-impact journals was used by donors (Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, USAID), international organizations (Asian Development Bank, CGIAR, Global Commission on Adaptation, Inter-American Development Bank, International Fund for Agricultural Development), and national partners (Philippines, South Africa) as a source of evidence on the challenges and opportunities facing food systems at global, regional and national levels. Preparations continued for the CGIAR foresight report on the future of agri-food systems in developing countries. PIM research informed the efforts of national partners and their donors to increase farmer access to improved varieties, quality seed and extension services in Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nepal, Nigeria, Uganda, and Vietnam, with emphasis on gender dimensions. PIM-supported capacity strengthening and socioeconomic assessments contributed to the approval for release of the genetically engineered insect-resistant cowpea in Nigeria. PIM- supported work informed the creation of a new digital extension system in Ethiopia. Evidence produced by the flagship teams contributed to decision making on priorities for agricultural research, plant genetic resource conservation and new technological opportunities such as gene editing. PIM and the USAID Feed the Future Developing Local Extension Capacity project organized a knowledge event to chart a course for future agricultural extension. Flagship 2 “Economywide Factors Affecting Agricultural Growth and Rural Transformation” The Rural Investment and Policy Analysis model was used to inform Kenya’s National Agricultural Investment Plan and Agricultural Sector Transformation and Growth Strategy, Rwanda’s National Strategy for Transformation, USAID’s Global Food Security Strategy, and 4 investment priorities of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Guidance from IFPRI’s Nigeria program was incorporated in Nigeria’s National Gender Policy in Agriculture (with Flagship 6). The Government of Punjab received support from IFPRI’s Pakistan program for the Punjab Agriculture Marketing Regulatory Authority Act (with Flagship 3). The Kaleidoscope Model was included in the curriculum of a biannual USAID training event for staff. PIM organized a cross- CGIAR workshop and launched a call for proposals to foster collaborative research on the political economy of food systems. Flagship 2 researchers contributed to AGRA’s 2019 Africa Agriculture Status Report – which focuses on agri-food systems and the private sector – and to the Oxford Handbook of the Ethiopian Economy. Five books were produced, including Youth and Jobs in Rural Africa, Ghana's Economic and Agricultural Transformation, and The Making of a Blue Revolution in Bangladesh. Migration was another key area of research, with a background paper for the IFAD 2019 Rural Development Report, five articles, two book chapters and a webinar. Flagship 3 “Inclusive and Efficient Value Chains” The team supported FAO’s technical platform on measurement and reduction of food losses and contributed to FAO’s State of Food and Agriculture 2019 report. Analysis progressed on multiple value chains, including in Bangladesh (dairy), Ethiopia (chickpea, dairy, maize, wheat), Ghana (chicken, fish, rice), India (dairy), Honduras (cashew, dairy, fruit), Malawi (groundnut, maize), Mali (cattle), Mozambique (groundnut, maize, pigeon pea, sesame, soybean), Niger (livestock), Nigeria (fish), Senegal (groundnut), and Uganda (cooking banana, sugarcane). A focus area on promoting food quality in value chains was initiated, with a study in Ethiopia and a set of comparable studies on certification and standards. A workshop was held to share value chains research tools across CGIAR and with partners. A method to improve measurement of employment in agri-food systems was piloted in Ghana, Niger, Tanzania, and Uganda. PIM continued to analyze the feasibility of picture-based insurance in India and Kenya. The adoption of the Renewable Energy Directive by the European Commission was informed by PIM evidence. The Ag-Incentives database was used to shed light on the negative environmental outcomes generated by farm support; data provided by PIM experts were included in the Food and Land Use Coalition report and triggered policy discussions and media coverage. Flagship 4 “Social Protection for Agriculture and Resilience” The team continued to work with national governments and partners in Bangladesh, Egypt, Ethiopia and Mali to evaluate the impacts of national safety net programs on agriculture, nutrition, women’s empowerment and other dimensions of well-being. In Bangladesh, the Transfer Modality Research Initiative – a pilot transfer program combined with nutrition behavior change communication (BCC) – was found to have positive impacts on economic well-being; impacts of transfers + BCC were higher than impacts of transfers alone. A journal article showed that India’s National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme increases non- financial asset holdings and improves diets, partly by inducing higher income from casual labor. Researchers showed the impact of school meals in poverty alleviation in Armenia and increased equity in Mexico, and provided rare experimental evidence of their nutritional impacts in Uganda. Research in fragile settings expanded and social protection was found to improve outcomes in these settings. In war-torn Yemen, nutrition-sensitive cash transfers improved child nutritional status, while a youth employment program built trust and social capital. Work in conflict-affected Mali found that school feeding leads to increases in school enrollment and to 5 an additional half-year of completed schooling on average compared to general food distribution. Flagship 5 “Governance of Natural Resources” PIM contributed to several outcomes in natural resource governance and tenure security. Participatory land use planning approaches developed by PIM and LIVESTOCK helped secure pastoralists’ rights on rangelands in Ethiopia and Tanzania. Other work contributed to improving rangeland governance in Tunisia. Research informed the development of regulations to renew community forest concessions in the Maya Reserve Biosphere, Guatemala and the scaling up of payments for agrobiodiversity conservation services in Peru. In Madagascar, findings highlighting the importance of customary collective forest rights influenced development projects. Working with indigenous peoples and the Peruvian National Service of Protected Areas, PIM created an evaluation tool for co-management areas. Experimental games were disseminated to build institutional capacity for managing common water resources in India and strengthen landscape governance in Lao PDR. Collaboration with the Foundation for Ecological Security included efforts to increase community rights to the commons and improved landscape-level governance in several Indian states. Within the frame of the Multistakeholder Platform Community of Practice initiative promoted by International Land Coalition in partnership with Collaborating for Resilience, representatives from 18 institutions gathered to share progress and explore partnerships on the role of multistakeholder platforms in improving land and natural resource governance. Flagship 6 “Cross-cutting Gender Research and Coordination” The team continued to improve the measurement and understanding of women's empowerment in agriculture, support gender analysis in other flagships and manage the Gender Platform. PIM research informed Nigeria’s National Gender Policy in Agriculture (with Flagship 2). By the end of 2019, 103 organizations in 54 countries had used a version of the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index. Evidence disseminated by the Cash Transfer and Intimate Partner Violence Collaborative informed policies of United Nations organizations and DFID. Results on women’s employment and land ownership in Egypt and Morocco were shared at a workshop, a presentation was given to ministers of different countries on the gendered impacts of income shocks in Central Asia, and flagship leader Cheryl Doss gave the Memorial Lecture, on understanding rural household behavior, at the African Conference of Agricultural Economists. A survey-based module to measure women’s freedom of movement in agricultural value chains and a guide on participatory methods to collect data on gender dynamics and empowerment in agriculture were piloted. The Gender Platform co-convened the “Seeds of Change” conference and coordinated studies on the feminization of agriculture. A CGIAR report on gender and agriculture was prepared for publication in 2020 and featured in a policy seminar. 1.2.3 Variance from planned program (a) Have any promising research areas been significantly expanded? If so, for each example, please explain clearly where the demand came from (promising research results, demand from partners etc.). Where has the money for expansion come from? The outputs of the participatory exercise to identify priorities for 2019-2021 called for increased focus on nutrition, employment, climate change, gender and food system transformation in the portfolio, mostly because these areas are of key interest to policy makers, funding agencies and CGIAR and because they are addressed in multiple flagships of PIM and will benefit from more coordinated investments. 6 (b) Have any research lines been dropped or significantly cut back? If so, please give specific examples and brief reasons. If funding was reallocated to other work, where did the money go? The Gender Platform hosted in PIM’s gender flagship issued a call for collaborative studies on gender dynamics in value chains. After the winning proposals were selected, the PMU was informed that the Gender Platform would not receive the full Window 1-2 amount noted in the 2019 CGIAR Financing Plan. As a consequence, the approved grants were put on hold in 2019. The planned collaboration between the World Bank and the PIM teams working on foresight, strengthening national agricultural research and development and tracking technology adoption and impact on the West Africa Agricultural Transformation Project did not materialize since this project was dropped by the World Bank. (c) Have any flagship or specific research areas changed direction? If so, please describe how, and the reason Following the results of the 2019-2021 priority-setting process, increased attention has been given to nutrition and employment in PIM’s value chains flagship. Five new grants were allocated to test innovations in nutritious commodities (e.g. fish) and enhance food quality in staple foods, with links to other CRPs. Several of these studies delve into employment along value chains. One study focuses on how to reduce the costs of nutritious foods in Ethiopia, in collaboration with A4NH. As of January 2020, the Gender Platform is moving out of PIM. The PIM Management Committee agreed that the cluster of work in PIM’s gender flagship previously focused on coordinating the Platform’s activities will transition to providing increased support to integrative gender research in other PIM flagships and coordination of cross-CRP research started under the Platform. Planning for this transition took place end 2019. 1.2.4 Altmetric and publication highlights Altmetric scores were provided by IFPRI’s Knowledge Management team for 439 PIM 2019 publications. Altmetric data were downloaded on April 8, 2020. Six PIM papers reached an Altmetric score above 100. The four highest scores pertain to outputs of IFPRI’s modeling work. “Pakistan: Getting more from water”, a World Bank report based on work by IWMI with economic modeling by IFPRI, received the highest attention of all PIM publications, reaching a score of 516 and attracting very high attention on Twitter (1,220 tweets from 1,049 users with an upper bound of 4,324,631 followers). “Gaps between fruit and vegetable production, demand, and recommended consumption at global and national levels: an integrated modelling study” (in Lancet Planetary Health, a journal still not included in the ISI list) was the most cited and shared journal article, with an Altmetric score of 414; this included mentions by 36 news outlets, 9 blog posts and 135 tweets from 118 users. Another paper in the same journal, which analyzed the combined effects of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on protein, iron, and zinc availability and projected climate change on global diets, reached a score of 305, including 25 news stories from 22 outlets, 18 posts from 11 blogs and 101 tweets. Finally, an article in Climatic Change which used biophysical and economic modeling to highlight the interests of most developing countries in effective global mitigation policies – with much larger benefits post-2050 – reached a score of 150. An article authored by ICRAF and ICRISAT researchers in Outlook on Agriculture, which argues for more differentiated policies for agricultural development in Africa based on farm 7 size and other characteristics, garnered a score of 141, including 16 news stories from prominent international and African outlets such as AllAfrica, The Conversation and ReliefWeb. The article “Transgenic cotton and farmers' health in Pakistan” (Plos One) attained a score of 106. Among the six books supported by PIM, a book offering empirical analysis and key takeaways on how policymakers and practitioners can harness Ghana’s agricultural potential (IFPRI & Oxford University Press) garnered the highest attention (Altmetric score: 83). Altmetric lists 4 news stories from 4 outlets (including China’s Xinhua and AllAfrica) featuring the book, which was also mentioned in 10 blog posts. Because many publications are still being shared publicly using links other than the DOI, many mentions remain unrecorded by Altmetric, suggesting that the attention metrics above are likely underestimated. 1.3 Cross-cutting dimensions (at CRP level) 1.3.1 Gender a) List any important CRP research findings, methods or tools, capacity development, policy changes or outcomes in the reporting year related to gender issues In Uganda, a study showed that targeting women as recipients of video-based extension enhances their knowledge of management practices for maize, improves their participation in agricultural decision making and the adoption of recommended practices and inputs, and increases production and marketing of maize by women. A study in Malawi found that in dual-headed households, in which women are frequently tasked with attending trainings but have little power to implement lessons, joint access to agricultural and nutritional information has a stronger impact on food security than women's access alone. In Ghana, secondary schooling is higher among children whose mothers engage in nonfarm entrepreneurship. This link is equally strong for high- and low-educated mothers and stronger for poorer households, showing that empowering women entrepreneurs can reduce inequality in rural education. Another study in Ghana showed that women have a stronger preference than men for investing in nonfarm diversification. A tool to facilitate gender and social inclusion strategies for agricultural value chains in Honduras was developed. A review on the impact of social safety nets on women’s well-being in Africa summarizing findings on 28 safety net programs in 17 countries found substantial evidence that safety nets decrease intimate partner violence and increase psychological well-being for women, and moderate evidence that safety nets increase economic standing of households and dietary diversity. It found minimal evidence that safety nets improve women’s food security and nutrition; however, few studies measure these outcomes specifically for women. A study in Egypt showed that participation in the Takaful and Karama cash transfer program reduces women’s ability to influence household decisions (particularly regarding child healthcare). Food for education programs provide food transfers to encourage children to attend school but also aim to improve school performance by providing nutritious meals to children. In 8 Uganda, food for education programs were found to reduce anemia in adolescent girls and adult women. A synthesis chapter on women’s land rights in Africa highlighted that many recent land governance reforms striving to ensure gender equality with respect to land rights fail to achieve this outcome owing to a lack of proper enforcement mechanisms. In Indonesia, Peru and Uganda, women’s forest tenure security is affected by community social norms in addition to national law and household norms, and women often do not have the same decision-making power as men in forest governance. Lessons about the challenges of securing women’s rights to forests in Kenya were disseminated in a “how to” note, podcasts and radio programs in local languages. A report on gender-transformative approaches in agriculture informed several European Commission-funded projects . Initial findings of a 2020 publication on CGIAR gender research were shared at an IFPRI policy seminar on crafting the next generation of CGIAR gender research. b) Mention any important findings that have influenced the direction of the CRP’s work, and how things have changed Previous work on seed systems and extension methods showed that men and women have different challenges and preferences and often require different approaches to meet their needs. Thus, in 2019, all new Window 1-2-funded activities on these topics included gender components. Previous research showing that cash transfers may reduce intimate partner violence led to the formation of a Cash Transfer and Intimate Partner Violence Research Collaborative. As a consequence, research on this topic expanded in 2019, with stronger links to major development partners (DFID, World Health Organization). Previous analysis of sex-disaggregated data from surveys revealed that men and women often provide different answers to the same question. New research is trying to understand how best to handle these different responses in analyses. c) Have any problems arisen in relation to gender issues or integrating gender into the CRP’s research? Owing to an unexpected deviation from the 2019 CGIAR Financing Plan for PIM, six grants for work on gender dimensions in value chains awarded through the Gender Platform in August 2019 were put on hold, with a final decision to be taken in 2020. Although integration of gender into national economywide models made progress (e.g. analysis of women’s participation in structural transformation), data limitations remain a constraint on this topic. 1.3.2 Youth and other aspects of social inclusion / “Leaving no-one behind” a) List any important CRP research findings, methods or tools, capacity development, policy changes or outcomes in the reporting year related to youth issues Youth employment is an area of emphasis for 2019-2021. Using surveys, population censuses and historical data, authors of the 2019 book Youth and Jobs in Rural Africa find that Africa’s youth bulge, which peaked in 2003, is similar to youth bulges experienced by other regions between 1976 and 1985. The book challenges the prevailing view that because young people 9 in Africa are better educated and more familiar with information technology than older adults, they more frequently adopt advanced farm technologies and practices. In Ethiopia, youth- headed households are less likely to follow advice from extension officers and to use improved seeds and fertilizers, while in Malawi older farmers use more modern inputs than younger ones. Regarding non-farm activities, while youth are more likely than older adults to be engaged in rural nonfarm employment, the number of remunerative nonfarm jobs in rural areas is often limited. Governments have adopted youth employment as a priority, but policies often do not address the specific needs of rural populations. Authors conclude that rather than focusing on the youth, African policy makers should promote inclusive growth policies that benefit both young and older people. A 2019 paper provides evidence on the current state of employment opportunities in agri-food systems in Africa south of the Sahara with a focus on the youth, and finds that nationally representative surveys do not adequately capture information on employment, limiting our understanding of patterns and trends. A background paper which PIM contributed to the IFAD 2019 Rural Development Report shows that young women and men experience the transition to adulthood differently according to the level of structural transformation of the country they live in. Across all transformation levels, young women are more likely then young men to be married and living with their spouses or in-laws, less likely to be in school or employed, and less likely to be the sole owners of land. An evaluation of a youth employment program in Yemen which employed university graduates to promote community-led development projects found that participants perceived increases in their future employability and economic situation. A tool was developed to help practitioners ensure that agricultural projects in Africa effectively engage with the youth, with a focus on root, tuber and banana crops. With respect to social inclusion, PIM-supported participatory rangeland management approaches in Ethiopia and Tanzania provide mechanisms for inclusion of pastoralists, who often belong to marginalized ethnic groups. PIM action research in the Maya Biosphere Reserve in Guatemala helps indigenous and local communities secure the renewal of community forest concessions. An analysis of India’s National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme found that the benefits of the program are most pronounced for scheduled castes/scheduled tribes, especially households including family members with disabilities. b) Mention any important findings that have influenced the direction of the CRP’s work, and how things have changed Previous research related to employment of rural youth and other members of rural households pointed to variable results on the proportion working off farm and the types of paid work they were engaged in. This was found to be due in part to differences in the way information is collected in surveys (e.g. some surveys only ask for primary occupation, as opposed to all occupations). Thus, in 2019 PIM embarked on a review of nationally representative surveys and began to pilot alternative questions that could be incorporated into surveys. c) Have any problems arisen in relation to youth issues or integrating youth into the CRP’s research? Integrating age dimensions into global and national models remains a challenge. 1.3.3 Capacity development A total of 10,414 people were trained by PIM in 2019 (6,878 men and 3,536 women) (Table 7, Evidence G). 10 The Program for Biosafety Systems’ team continued to develop the capacity of governments to implement science-based biosafety systems in Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda. The IFPRI Nigeria Country program team provided training to Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development staff in monitoring and evaluation, policy communications and national and regional agricultural policies. Government partners in Bangladesh, Egypt, Jordan and Rwanda were trained on economywide modelling tools. The Kaleidoscope Model was incorporated into a training for USAID’s Bureau for Resilience and Food Security staff. Four fellows were selected for the Structural Transformation of African Agriculture and Rural Spaces (STAARS) program. In partnership with Westminster International University in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 24 students received training in advanced econometric analysis. Ten participants attended a one-week workshop on using Living Standards Measurement Studies data for research on rural youth in Africa. In India, Collaborating for Resilience contributed to the Foundation for Ecological Security (FES)’s capacity to implement inclusive multiactor platforms through a workshop complemented by coaching sessions, resulting in implementation of more inclusive planning processes. International Land Coalition launched a community of practice on multistakeholder platforms, with participating practitioners from over 30 countries; Collaborating for Resilience facilitated this process and co-convened the launch workshop. The Gender Platform co-convened the “Seeds of Change” conference (PIM sponsored 60 CGIAR participants). The Platform completed a synthesis on gender transformative approaches to inform policy dialogues and programs of the United Nations Rome-based agencies; the product was presented at an inception workshop. The eight webinars held by the Platform were attended by 350 people. Approximatively the same number of people attended the seven webinars organized by the PIM Program Management Unit. 1.3.4 Climate change A study of the impact of climate change on diets found that the net effect of increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 will reduce the availability of nutrients worldwide. Other achievements include the release of evidence on climate impacts and adaptation options in the Latin America and Caribbean region, impacts of climate change on crop yields in Ethiopia, and impacts of climate change on growth in Malawi, Mozambique and Zambia. A PIM webinar explored the relationships between climate resilience and job prospects for rural youth in developing countries. Modeling of climate change impacts informed the work of the Global Commission on Adaption, IFAD’s 2019 Rural Development Report, the Crops to End Hunger Initiative and a learning session for Bill Gates and senior leadership of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. PIM research is extensively cited in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2019 Special Report on climate change and land. Smallholder farmers are increasingly exposed to weather extremes but lack access to affordable crop insurance products. In 2019, PIM continued to analyze the feasibility of picture- based insurance in India and Kenya. A new project in Kenya is testing the potential for bundling several risk management innovations (drought-tolerant seeds, weather insurance and advisory services) to create a viable business model for the private sector. A global study of multistakeholder platforms targeted landscape changes to support climate mitigation as part of Norway’s International Climate and Forest Initiative. 11 A study in Vietnam funded through the Gender Platform is exploring how men’s and women’s roles in agriculture are evolving in response to climate change and implications for adoption of gender-inclusive climate-resilient technologies. 2. Effectiveness and efficiency 2.1 Management and governance The program’s 2019-2021 participatory priority-setting exercise was completed. The TORs of all PIM entities (Independent Steering Committee, Management Committee, flagship leaders, Center representatives, etc.) were updated and the program’s policies and procedures were improved. Guidelines for the annual Window 1-2 budget allocation process were created and received positive feedback from partners. The carryover policy (established at the end of 2018 to allow carryover of selected Window 1-2 allocations from one year to the next) was broadened to include other financial management guidelines, and rules were added to account for the multiplicity of cases. The PIM policy regarding ethical review for research involving human subjects was updated to enforce Institutional Review Board compliance of all Window 1-2-funded activities beginning in 2020. The results of the CGIAR Performance Standards pilot assessment show that PIM is in full compliance with the Standards (the only “failed” mark assigned by the assessors is linked to the minutes of Management Committee meetings not being available online, which is due to the confidential nature of some of the information they contain). At the end of 2019, two members of the ISC stepped down from the committee owing to conflicts of interest arising from their new positions, and a process started to replace them. In February 2019, the position of Center representative on the Management Committee rotated from CIMMYT to Bioversity International. The value chains flagship’s leadership team was reconfigured to streamline flagship management. A change occurred in the leadership of the natural resource governance flagship due to retirement of one of the flagship’s co-leaders. PIM made plans for the transition of the CGIAR Gender Platform (hosted in PIM’s Flagship 6 from 2017-2019) to a self-standing Platform. Significant turnover occurred in the flagship manager positions; the PMU trained new staff to ensure continuity in this key role. 2.2 Partnerships 2.2.1. Highlights of external partnerships (see Table 8) PIM continued to nurture strong partnerships with the Governments of Bangladesh, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, India, Kenya, Malawi, Myanmar, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Pakistan, the Philippines, Rwanda and Uganda to support their policy development processes. A partnership started with the Energy Research Centre on regional responses to climate change in Southern Africa. PIM and USAID’s Feed the Future Developing Local Extension Capacity project led by Digital Green organized a knowledge event to chart a course for future agricultural extension. PIM and the Gender Platform partnered with Integrated Seed Sector Development-Africa on leadership of its components on seed policies and gender. 12 Studies to strengthen value chains involve several private sector partners such as the Ethiopian Millers Association, Albay private firm (Guatemala), the industry-led Global Aquaculture Alliance, the COOPEDELSI and COORDID cooperatives in Senegal and 100 food retailers in Uganda. Efforts to use ICTs to improve agricultural insurance options expanded into Kenya with Agricultural Climate Risk Enterprise Africa (ACRE Africa), Wageningen University and Research and the Kenyan Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization; African Risk Capacity and R4 Rural Resilience Initiative also came on board as new partners in the work on insurance. The team continued to support FAO’s Technical Platform on measurement and reduction of food losses and contributed to FAO’s State of Food and Agriculture 2019 report “Moving Forward on Food Loss and Waste Reduction”. The collaborative research program on cash transfers and intimate partner violence comprising IFPRI, the University of North Carolina, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, the UNICEF Office of Research and Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health disseminated evidence that informed United Nations organizations and DFID. PIM’s engagement with the Foundation for Ecological Security involves the University of Colorado and Arizona State University as learning partners, respectively on M&E and design of experimental games. 2.2.2. Cross-CGIAR partnerships (see Table 9) The CGIAR-wide initiative coordinated by PIM to inform strategic decision making about future food systems made progress; the publication of the CGIAR foresight report is on track for 2020. PIM continued to collaborate with RTB and the Gender Platform on analysis of regulations on vegetatively propagated planting material in Kenya to help the government facilitate farmers’ access to better seed. PIM organized a cross-CGIAR workshop and launched a call for proposals to foster collaborative research on the political economy of food systems. The PIM-supported CGIAR community of practice on value chains met for a second workshop to share innovative methods. Work was launched in partnership with FISH, MAIZE and WHEAT to understand how certification can enhance food quality and a collaboration started with A4NH on value chain interventions to reduce the cost of nutritious food including vegetables in Ethiopia. The FTA-PIM-WLE collaboration with the Foundation for Ecological Security in India advanced, with integration of CGIAR scientists into several pillars of the Promise of the Commons initiative and awarding of grants to scale up CGIAR innovations. With coordination from the Gender Platform, CGIAR gender researchers prepared chapters of a 2020 book which synthesizes recent research and sets an agenda for future gender research in agriculture and natural resource management. Collaboration between the Gender and Big Data Platforms expanded, with an investigation of how gender is described, analyzed and reported in datasets and a study which assesses whether mobile phone data can be used as predictors of women’s empowerment in Uganda. Ten Centers and the CGIAR System Management Office (SMO) participated in a CGIAR workshop on scaling co-organized by PIM to enhance collaboration around this key cross- cutting topic. 13 PIM joined forces with the SMO and the CGIAR Standing Panel on Impact Assessment to assess CGIAR’s policy influence and innovations. 2.3 Intellectual assets a) Have any intellectual assets been strategically managed by the CRP (together with the relevant Center) this year? E.g. taking out intellectual property rights, licensing, new innovative practices. N/A (b) If relevant, indicate any published patents and/or plant variety right applications (or equivalent) associated with intellectual assets developed in the CRP and filed by Centers and/or partners involved in the CRP, giving a name or number or link to identify them. N/A (c) List any critical issues or challenges encountered in the management of intellectual assets in the context of the CRP (or put N/A). N/A 2.4 Monitoring, evaluation, impact assessment and learning (MELIA) (see Table 10) The study Assessment of Outcomes Based on the Use of PIM-Supported Foresight Modeling Work, 2012-2018 finds that PIM’s foresight work has informed decisions of multilateral organizations (e.g. World Bank, Inter-American Development Bank), donors (e.g. USAID) and national governments (e.g. Colombia and the Philippines) as well as the CGIAR 2017-2022 portfolio – with inclusion of outputs of the PIM modeling in the Phase 2 proposals for the FISH, GLDC, LIVESTOCK, RTB and WHEAT CGIAR Research Programs. Foresight research contributed significantly to the global debate on food system futures and sustainable diets (11 of the team’s publications ranked in the top 5% of all outputs scored by Altmetric). In addition, the numerous trainings carried out by PIM’s foresight team have expanded the community of foresight modelers. The study on “Contributions of the PIM-supported Social Accounting Matrices’ Databases, Tools, and Outputs to Policy and Program Decision Making” was delayed due to personal circumstances and will be published in 2020. A study was launched in collaboration with the SMO to analyze CGIAR’s policy contributions and innovations. A study on “Impact Assessment of the Ethiopia Direct Seed Marketing Program” was designed, to be implemented in 2020. 2.5 Efficiency The implementation of the program’s revised financial management policy resulted in increased transaction costs, and in 2020 the PMU and Management Committee will re- evaluate the carryover policy. The data available in the MARLO information system informed the 2018 reporting process, the 2020 planning process and the implementation of the carryover policy from 2019 to 2020, allowing the PMU to more closely monitor progress on delivery in support of PIM management’s decisions. The PMU continues to interact with the MARLO group to enhance the tool’s functionalities and user-friendliness. Significant efficiency gains could be achieved for all MARLO-using CRPs by 1) adding a business intelligence module to MARLO, and 2) improving the way cross-CRP activities and funding sources are recorded in MARLO. 14 2.6 Management of risks • Institutional risks The risk of research involving human subjects not meeting ethical standards was addressed by the update of the PIM policy on Institutional Review Board review. To address the risk of inadequate research quality, the planning documents for Window 1-2- funded activities include detailed information about research methods and the Director and PMU carry out a technical review of this documentation before approving the activity plans. Risks related to financial accountability are addressed through compliance with the CGIAR Performance Standards. • Programmatic risks With the Gender Platform moving to a separate entity in 2020, attention was given to the need for continued online presence of the Platform’s 2017-2019 activities as well as to the branding of forthcoming outputs initiated under PIM. PIM management has initiated discussions with the new GENDER Platform’s interim leadership about this. • Contextual risks In the context of the CGIAR reform, there is a risk that policy research be less prominently included in the post-2021 portfolio. To address this risk, PIM management will strive to demonstrate how PIM’s research has led to outcomes and impact and proactively engage with partners in the development of the new CGIAR portfolio. 2.7 Use of Window 1-2 funding PIM invested in two major publications involving all CGIAR Centers: a CGIAR foresight report on food system futures and a forward-looking synthesis of CGIAR’s contribution to gender equality. Both are scheduled for release in 2020. Other syntheses were prepared on CGIAR value chains research, scaling through value chains within CGIAR, causes and consequences of migration, effects of safety net programs on women in Africa, effectiveness of multistakeholder platforms, and experimental games for natural resource management. W1-2 funds supported collaborative research on seed systems, extension methods, value chain interventions, landscape restoration, and the feminization of agriculture. W1-2 funding also contributed to strengthening CGIAR social science research through supporting participation of CGIAR researchers in the Seeds of Change conference, in the International Association for the Study of the Commons conference, and in a workshop on CGIAR collaboration on political economy of food systems research. PIM organized a session on the Role of Institutional Capacity Development in Africa's Agricultural Transformation at the African Association of Agricultural Economists conference and a session on Restoring Forests, Restoring Communities at the Global Landscapes Forum meeting. Research was launched to study how value chain interventions can enhance food quality (with several other CRPs). Research to better understand opportunities to expand employment was broadened. PIM teams continued to update and upgrade foresight and other ex ante impact assessment tools, which value to governments and other users has been demonstrated. 15 3. Financial summary The CGIAR 2019 Financing Plan communicated to Centers on December 21, 2018 showed an indicative amount of $15.1M W1-2 funds for PIM. On January 17, 2019 the System Management Office (SMO) confirmed an additional W1-2 allocation of $2M to the CGIAR Gender Platform housed in PIM, for a total of $17.1M. PIM was requested to submit a revised Plan of Work and Budget showing that updated amount. PIM initially programmed close to $20M through adding $2.2M from prior years’ unallocated/unspent funding and allowing $0.6M carryover from 2018 unspent funds. Out of these $20M, it was agreed by the PIM Management Committee that up to $1.8 million would be available for the Gender Platform’s activities. PIM received a final W1-2 total allocation of $15.8M (92% of the indicative Financing Plan amount including the Gender Platform allocation). In August 2019, the SMO informed PIM management that two Window 2 funders would not allocate funds to the Gender Platform in 2019. The corresponding reduction by $1.4M in the funding available for the Gender Platform prompted PIM management to reassess the 2019 plans for gender activities. The Management Committee agreed to draw on unspent amounts from previous years to cover all of the Gender Platform’s commitments (i.e. coordination by KIT; support for CGIAR communities of practice: gender and big data, gender and water, gender and breeding; contributions for participation of CGIAR scientists in the Seeds of Change conference; coordination of CGIAR publication on gender and agriculture). Allocations to six proposals selected in August 2019 through a call for collaborative research on gender dynamics in value chains – a major expenditure item not yet officially committed – were put on hold. Taking into account these adjustments, the total W1-2 amount programmed by PIM through the 2019 Program Participant Agreements is $19.3M. W1-2 expenditures total $17.11M (108% of the realized Financing Plan and 89% of the amount programmed through the Program Participants Agreements). Window 3/bilateral expenditures were $4M lower than the projected $45M. In terms of actual expenses, W1-2 accounted for 29% of the portfolio and W3/bilateral for 71%. See Table 13 for information about budgets and expenditures by flagship. The major variance between planned and actual W1-2 expenditure is in Flagship 6, reflecting the unanticipated reduction in W2 funds for the Gender Platform. 16 Part B. TABLES Table 1: Evidence on progress towards SRF targets Brief summary of new Expected additional contribution SLO target (2022) evidence before end of 2022 of CGIAR contribution PIM is undertaking an assessment of the adoption of improved maize and wheat varieties as a result of the expansion of the Direct Seed Marketing program in Ethiopia. 100 million more farm households have No new evidence in This study was designed in 2019 and implementation started in 2020. PIM research adopted improved varieties, breeds, 2019 has informed the scaling up of the program, which the government reports reached trees, and/or management practices over 1.4 million farming households in 2018. In addition, in 2020-2021, PIM teams will investigate the adoption of innovative extension approaches tested by PIM. PIM plans to conduct ex post impact assessment studies to estimate the poverty- 30 million people, of which 50% are No new evidence in reducing effects of safety net programs in countries where PIM has assisted decision women, assisted to exit poverty 2019 makers in improving these programs. Several synthesis reviews and randomized control trial studies completed in 2019 will contribute to this. Improve the rate of yield increase for PIM has launched a study of the productivity impacts of the Direct Seed Marketing No new evidence in major food staples from current <1% to program on maize and wheat (Ethiopia). PIM studies on the use of improved extension 2019 1.2-1.5% per year methods will address productivity as well as adoption. PIM plans to conduct ex post impact assessment studies to estimate the effects of 30 million more people, of which 50% No new evidence in safety net programs on food consumption in countries where PIM has assisted are women, meeting minimum dietary 2019 decision makers in improving these programs. Several synthesis reviews and energy requirements randomized control trial studies completed in 2019 will contribute to this. 150 million more people, of which 50% No new evidence in women, without deficiencies in one or 2019 more essential micronutrients 10% reduction in women of reproductive age who are consuming No new evidence in less than the adequate number of food 2019 groups 5% increase in water and nutrient N/A efficiency in agroecosystems 17 Brief summary of new Expected additional contribution SLO target (2022) evidence before end of 2022 of CGIAR contribution 5% reduction in ‘agriculturally’-related No new evidence in greenhouse gas emissions 2019 No new evidence in PIM will undertake a study to assess its contribution to restoration of degraded land in 55 M ha degraded land area restored 2019 India and East Africa in 2020-2021. 2.5 M ha forest saved from No new evidence in deforestation 2019 18 Table 2: List of policy contributions *Stage 1: Research taken up by next user * Stage 2: Policy/law etc. enacted * Stage 3: Evidence of impact on people and/or natural environment of the changed policy Title of policy, legal Description of policy, legal Cross-cutting marker scores Stage of Link to instrument, investment instrument, investment or Link to sub-IDOs maturity Climate OICR or curriculum curriculum Gender Youth Capdev change Flagship 1 – Technological Innovation and Sustainable Intensification The Rice Farmer Financial Assistance is an unconditional 455 - Rice Farmer cash transfer to 600,000 small rice • Conducive agricultural 0 - Not 0 - Not 1 - 1 - Financial Assistance farmers adversely affected by the Stage 1 policy environment OICR2652 Targeted Targeted Significant Significant in the Philippines 2019 Rice Tariffication Act, which (primary) was implemented following PIM recommendations. With PIM support, the Department • Conducive agricultural 456 - Crop of Agriculture is crafting a policy to policy environment Diversification help farmers with low rice 0 - Not 0 - Not 1 - 1 - Stage 1 (primary) OICR2652 Strategy in the productivity either diversify their Targeted Targeted Significant Significant • Diversified enterprise Philippines production or completely shift to opportunities more profitable, high-value crops. Collaboration with Afghanistan's 453 - Regulations, • Increased conservation Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation guidelines and and use of genetic and Livestock led to the release 0 - Not 0 - Not 1 - 0 - Not procedures for seed Stage 2 resources (primary) OICR3311 of National Seed Quality Control Targeted Targeted Significant Targeted certification system • Conducive agricultural Standards and General in Afghanistan policy environment Guidelines for Seed Certification. • Closed yield gaps through improved In 2019, the Government of agronomic and animal 457 - Investment from Ethiopia decided to invest husbandry practices the Government of USD 17.5 million in the (primary) 1 - 0 - Not 2 - 0 - Not Ethiopia in digitalizing digitalization of agricultural Stage 2 • Improved access to OICR3261 Significant Targeted Principal Targeted agricultural advisory advisory services. This financial and other services investment was influenced by services PIM research. • Increase capacity of beneficiaries to adopt research outputs 19 Title of policy, legal Description of policy, legal Cross-cutting marker scores Stage of Link to instrument, investment instrument, investment or Link to sub-IDOs maturity Climate or curriculum curriculum Gender Youth Capdev OICR change 440 - General The first genetically-engineered release of the first crop in Nigeria (insect-resistant genetically- cowpea) was approved for general • Adoption of CGIAR engineered crop in 0 - Not 0 - Not 2 - 0 - Not release following an ex ante Stage 2 materials with enhanced OICR3276 Nigeria (pod borer Targeted Targeted Principal Targeted assessment and capacity building genetic gains (primary) resistant cowpea) on regulatory issues by the approved by the Program for Biosafety Systems. Nigerian authorities Flagship 2 – Economywide Factors Affecting Agricultural Growth and Rural Transformation • Conducive agricultural policy environment This policy guides the selection of (primary) countries to be included in 119 - USAID Feed the • Increased capacity for USAID’s Feed the Future initiative. 0 - Not 0 - Not 1 - 0 - Not Future Target Country Stage 2 innovation in partner OICR2675 IFPRI developed the three main Targeted Targeted Significant Targeted Graduation Policy development indicators used for assessing organizations and in poor country progress. and vulnerable communities PIM's ex ante economywide 382 - Kenya's analyses informed Kenya's • Conducive agricultural National Agricultural National Agricultural Investment 0 - Not 0 - Not 0 - Not 0 - Not OICR3212 Stage 2 policy environment Investment Plan for Plan (i.e. the main planning Targeted Targeted Targeted Targeted (primary) 2019-2024 document for the agricultural sector) for 2019-2024. PIM's ex ante economywide 383 - Kenya's analyses informed Kenya's Agricultural Sector • Conducive agricultural Agricultural Sector Transformation 0 - Not 0 - Not 0 - Not 0 - Not Transformation and Stage 2 policy environment OICR3212 and Growth Strategy for 2019- Targeted Targeted Targeted Targeted Growth Strategy for (primary) 2029. This strategy conveys the 2019-2029 country’s new vision for agriculture. PIM data, models and analysis 422 - Rwanda's informed Rwanda's National • Conducive agricultural 0 - Not 0 - Not 1 - 0 - Not National Strategy for Strategy for Transformation, which Stage 2 policy environment OICR3260 Targeted Targeted Significant Targeted Transformation covers all economic sectors (primary) including agriculture. 20 Title of policy, legal Description of policy, legal Cross-cutting marker scores Stage of Link to instrument, investment instrument, investment or Link to sub-IDOs maturity Climate or curriculum curriculum Gender Youth Capdev OICR change Recommendations from PIM were 19 – Reform of adopted to make Ghana’s main Agricultural agricultural mechanization • Conducive agricultural Mechanisation 0 - Not 0 - Not 1 - 0 - Not program (Ghana's Agricultural Stage 2 policy environment OICR2189 Services Enterprise Targeted Targeted Significant Targeted Mechanization Service Enterprise (primary) Centers program in Centers) more efficient and Ghana inclusive. Flagship 3 – Inclusive and Efficient Value Chains This Directive, adopted in 454 - Renewable December 2018 by the European • Enabled environment Energy Directive (EU) Parliament and the Council of for climate resilience 2018/2001 on the 0 - Not 0 - Not 0 - Not 2 - Ministers of the European Union, Stage 2 (primary) OICR3320 promotion of the use Targeted Targeted Targeted Principal included provisions that were • Conducive agricultural of energy from informed by IFPRI’s research and policy environment renewable sources technical support. The Government received support • Increased value 445 - Punjab from IFPRI’s Pakistan program for capture by producers Agriculture Marketing issuing the Punjab Agriculture (primary) 0 - Not 0 - Not 0 - Not 0 - Not Regulatory Authority Marketing Regulatory Authority Act Stage 2 • Reduced market OICR3282 Targeted Targeted Targeted Targeted Act and Ordinance (2018) and Ordinance (2019), barriers (with Flagship 2) which aim to create a competitive • Conducive agricultural agricultural market sector. policy environment Flagship 5 – Governance of Natural Resources • Increased capacity for innovation in partner 460 - Investment of development (primary) USD 7.15 million by PIM supported the piloting of joint organizations and in the Government of village land use planning. The poor and vulnerable Tanzania (through Government of Tanzania is communities Global Environment 1 - 0 - Not 1 - 0 - Not expanding the approach in agro- Stage 2 • Conducive agricultural OICR2631 Facility) including Significant Targeted Significant Targeted pastoral areas of five districts policy environment expansion of joint through a Global Environment • Enhanced individual village land use Facility investment. capacity in partner planning in five research organizations districts through training and exchange 21 Title of policy, legal Description of policy, legal Cross-cutting marker scores Stage of Link to instrument, investment instrument, investment or Link to sub-IDOs maturity Climate or curriculum curriculum Gender Youth Capdev OICR change • Increased resilience of agro-ecosystems and communities, especially 461 - Adoption by the In 2019 the Government of those including Government of Ethiopia launched manuals on smallholder (primary) Ethiopia of woreda participatory land use • More productive and 0 - Not 0 - Not 1 - 0 - Not woreda/district planning for pastoral areas, an Stage 1 OICR3301 equitable management of Targeted Targeted Significant Targeted participatory land use approach developed by ILRI and natural resources planning for pastoral partners with support from PIM • Increased access to areas and LIVESTOCK. productive assets, including natural resources • More productive and equitable management of Evidence of the socioeconomic natural resources performance of community forest 458 - Technical norms (primary) concessions in the Maya for renewal of forest • Increased access to Biosphere Reserve informed the 1 - 1 - 0 - Not 0 - Not concessions in the Stage 2 productive assets, OICR3302 revision of technical norms for Significant Significant Targeted Targeted Maya Biosphere including natural concession renewal by Reserve, Guatemala resources Guatemala's Council for • Gender-equitable Protected Areas. control of productive assets and resource • Enhanced individual capacity in partner 459 - Rulal game research organizations incorporated in The Rulal board game developed through training and courses on natural by IWMI with PIM support was exchange (primary) resource governance incorporated in courses on • Conducive agricultural at Wageningen natural resource governance at 0 - Not 0 - Not 2 - 0 - Not Stage 1 policy environment OICR3312 University and Wageningen University and Targeted Targeted Principal Targeted • Increased capacity for Research Research (Netherlands) and innovation in partner (Netherlands) and Ubon Ratchathani University development Ubon Ratchathani (Thailand). organizations and in University (Thailand) poor and vulnerable communities 22 Title of policy, legal Description of policy, legal Cross-cutting marker scores Stage of Link to instrument, investment instrument, investment or Link to sub-IDOs maturity Climate or curriculum curriculum Gender Youth Capdev OICR change • Increased genetic diversity of agricultural Based on PIM's pilot work on and associated 463 - Scaling up of payments for agrobiodiversity landscapes (primary) payments for conservation services, Peru's • Gender-equitable 1 - 0 - Not 1 - 0 - Not agrobiodiversity Ministry of Environment is scaling Stage 2 OICR3325 control of productive Significant Targeted Significant Targeted conservation services up the approach into four regions assets and resources in Peru through a Global Environment • More productive and Facility grant. equitable management of natural resources Flagship 6 – Cross-cutting Gender Research and Coordination • Gender-equitable Outputs of IFPRI's Nigeria Country control of productive Program informed Nigeria's assets and resources 437 - Nigeria's National Gender Policy in (primary) National Gender Agriculture, which promotes the • Conducive agricultural 2 - 1 - 1 - 0 - Not Stage 2 OICR3191 Policy in Agriculture use of of gender-sensitive and policy environment Principal Significant Significant Targeted (with Flagship 2) responsive approaches and • Improved capacity of equitable access to productive women and young people resources. to participate in decision- making 23 Table 3: List of outcome/impact case reports *Stage 1: CGIAR research has contributed to changed discourse and/or behavior among key actors *Stage 2: CGIAR research has contributed to documented policy and practice change by key actors *Stage 3: Policy and/or practice changes influenced by CGIAR research has led to impacts at scale or beyond the direct CGIAR sphere of influence Link to full Stage of Title of outcome/Impact case report (OICR) Status OICR maturity Flagship 1 – Technological Innovation and Sustainable Intensification OICR3205 - Foresight analysis informs strategic decision making of countries, CGIAR and the donor Link Stage 1 New outcome/impact case community OICR2652 - PIM research informs agricultural policies aimed at ensuring the long-term success of the Updated outcome/impact case at Link Stage 2 2018 Rice Tariffication Act in the Philippines same stage of maturity OICR3311 - Seed regulations and certification system strengthened in Afghanistan Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case OICR3261 - A digital agricultural extension platform to boost adoption of improved technologies and Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case practices in Ethiopia OICR3276 - Commercial release of genetically engineered insect resistant cowpea in Nigeria informed by Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case ex ante modelling and capacity building conducted by IFPRI's Program for Biosafety Systems Flagship 2 – Economywide Factors Affecting Agricultural Growth and Rural Transformation OICR2675 - High-level indicators developed by PIM assist USAID in targeting food security investments Upda tcome/impact case at Link ted ou Stage 2 and tracking progress of the Global Food Security Strategy in focal countries new stage of maturity OICR3208 - USAID Bureau for Resilience and Food Security staff trained to use to the Kaleidoscope Model for Food Security Policy Change Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case OICR3212 - Improved evidence-base for Kenya's Agricultural Sector Transformation and Growth Strategy Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case and National Agricultural Investment Plan OICR3260 - Improved evidence-base for Rwanda's National Strategy for Transformation and Vision 2050 Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case OICR2189 - Reform of Ghana’s main agricultural mechanization program to better meet the needs of Upda tcome/impact case at Link ted ou Stage 2 smallholder farmers new stage of maturity OICR3303 - Use of MAP Yemen by the government, development partners and academics: towards more effective allocation of development funding Link Stage 1 New outcome/impact case Flagship 3 – Inclusive and Efficient Value Chains OICR3320 - Reforms of European Union biofuel policies Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case OICR3282 - PIM studies inform the Punjab Agriculture Marketing Regulatory Authority Act and Ordinance Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case (Pakistan) (with Flagship 2) 24 Link to full Stage of Title of Outcome/Impact Case Report (OICR) Status OICR maturity Flagship 5 – Governance of Natural Resources OICR2631 - Adoption of joint village land use planning by the Government of Tanzania to increase tenure Upda ed outcome/impact case at Link t Stage 2 security for livestock keepers new stage of maturity OICR3301 - Adoption of woreda participatory land use planning in pastoral areas by the Government of Link Stage 1 New outcome/impact case Ethiopia OICR3302 - PIM research informs the renewal of community forest concessions in the Maya Biosphere Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case Reserve (Guatemala) OICR3312 - The Rulal game is used to facilitate natural resource governance in Southeast Asia and to Link Stage 1 New outcome/impact case train students in natural resource management OICR3335 - Experimental games scaled out to 250,000 households to improve ground and surface water Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case governance in India OICR3325 - Payments for agrobiodiversity conservation scaled up in Peru Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case Flagship 6 – Cross-cutting Gender Research and Coordination OICR2687 - Cash Transfer and Intimate Partner Violence Research Collaborative contributes to Updated outcome/impact case at Link Stage 1 strategies of global development organizations (with Flagship 4) same stage of maturity OICR3192 The Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index is used by development organizations to Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case improve women’s empowerment OICR3191 - PIM studies inform Nigeria’s National Gender Policy in Agriculture (with Flagship 2) Link Stage 2 New outcome/impact case 25 Table 4: List of innovations Title of innovation, with link Innovation type Innovation stage Geographic scope Flagship 1 – Technological Innovation and Sustainable Intensification Research and communication Stage 3: available/ ready for 461 - Global Foresight for Food and Agriculture Tool Global methodologies and tools uptake (AV) Stage 1: discovery/proof of 1266 - Super Simple Land Accounting Model Biophysical research concept (PC - end of Global research phase) Stage 1: discovery/proof of 1267 - Expansion of FarmDESIGN, a model to examine farm household Social science concept (PC - end of Global trade-offs and synergies research phase) 52 - An approach to promote the uptake of evidence on agricultural Stage 2: successful piloting Multinational: Ethiopia, research using strengthened relationships with national institutes and Social science (PIL - end of piloting phase) Nigeria, Tanzania data systems Research and communication Stage 4: uptake by next user 711 - Digital platform for video-based agricultural extension in Ethiopia National: Ethiopia methodologies and tools (USE) Flagship 2 – Economywide Factors Affecting Agricultural Growth and Rural Transformation 1214 - Empirical assessment of the effects of investments in Stage 1: discovery/proof of Production systems and mechanization technologies on economies of scope (economies of concept (PC - end of National: Nigeria management practices diversification) at farm-level research phase) 431 - Agricultural Investment for Development Analyzer tool designed to Stage 2: successful piloting Regional: Northern help governments and analysts in Northern Africa draw agricultural Social science (PIL - end of piloting phase) Africa, Western Asia investment plans 1396 - Measures of agri-food system gross domestic product (AgGDP+) Stage 4: uptake by next user Social science Global and employment (AgEMP+) (USE) Multi-national: Ghana, 1074 - The Kaleidoscope Model, a practical framework for analyzing Stage 4: uptake by next user Malawi, Myanmar, Social science food security policy change (USE) Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia 721 - Map Yemen: An online database for improving food and nutrition Research and communication Stage 4: uptake by next user National: Yemen security in Yemen methodologies and tools (USE) 26 Title of innovation, with link Innovation type Innovation stage Geographic scope Flagship 3 – Inclusive and Efficient Value Chains Stage 1: discovery/proof of 1451 – Effects of policy distortions on small ruminant value chains of Social science concept (PC - end of research National: Ethiopia Ethiopia phase) 1189 - Methodological guide for participatory collection of gender Stage 3: available/ ready for Social science Global indicators in agriculture in Latin America (with Flagship 6) uptake (AV) 1126 - Methods to measure and classify employment in the agri-food Stage 2: successful piloting Regional: Sub-Saharan Social science system in Africa south of the Sahara (with Flagship 6) (PIL - end of piloting phase) Africa 114 - Novel insurance linked credit model contingent on drought risk for Stage 2: successful piloting Social science National: Kenya Kenyan smallholders (PIL - end of piloting phase) Flagship 4 – Social Protection for Agriculture and Resilience Stage 1: discovery/proof of 1221 - Evidence that school feeding reduces anemia prevalence in Social science concept (PC - end of research Sub-national: Uganda adolescent girls and other vulnerable household members in Uganda phase) Multinational: 110 - Research Collaborative on Cash Transfers and Intimate Partner Stage 4: uptake by next user Social science Bangladesh, Ecuador, Violence (with Flagship 6) (USE) Mali 308 - Evidence that Yemen’s Social Fund for Development Cash for Stage 2: successful piloting Nutrition Program has multiple positive effects on nutrition and health of Social science National: Yemen (PIL - end of piloting phase) young children Stage 1: discovery/proof of 1417 - Evidence that trust and social capital are strengthened through a Social science concept (PC - end of research National: Yemen youth employment program in Yemen phase) Flagship 5 – Governance of Natural Resources 791 - Demonstrated economic benefits of community forest concessions Stage 4: uptake by next user Sub-national: make the case for continued community stewardship of 400,000 Social science (USE) Guatemala hectares of tropical forests in Guatemala Stage 3: available/ ready for 1421 - Women’s Land Rights Conceptual Framework Social science Global uptake (AV) 1456 - Woreda-level participatory land use planning for pastoral areas in Stage 4: uptake by next user Social science National: Ethiopia Ethiopia (USE) 27 Title of innovation, with link Innovation type Innovation stage Geographic scope 1462 - The Rulal board game: Enabling policy practitioners and students Research and communication Stage 4: uptake by next user to experience how natural resource management decisions are shaped Global methodologies and tools (USE) by power relations and power dynamics Stage 4: uptake by next user 97 - Collective action games to strengthen resource governance in India Social science National: India (USE) 319 - Contribution of community seed banks to socio-ecological Production systems and Stage 3: available/ ready for Sub-national: resilience management practices uptake (AV) Guatemala Multinational: 1455 - Institutional design guide for multiactor platforms addressing Stage 2: successful piloting Social science Cambodia, India, natural resource governance at landscape scale (PIL - end of piloting phase) Uganda, Zambia Stage 1: discovery/proof of 1458 - Interactive map of Participatory Models for Biodiversity Research and communication concept (PC - end of research Global Conservation methodologies and tools phase) 1459 - JAL SUTRA: a mobile application to support facilitation of Research and communication Stage 3: available/ ready for Sub-national: India learning games on water management in India methodologies and tools uptake (AV) Production systems and Stage 4: uptake by next user 1470 - Payments for agrobiodiversity conservation services in Peru Sub-national: Peru management practices (USE) Flagship 6 – Cross-cutting Gender Research and Coordination 1187 - Survey-based approaches for measuring gendered freedom of Stage 2: successful piloting Social science Global movement (PIL - end of piloting phase) 1359 - Recommendations to implement policy reforms that encourage Stage 3: available/ ready for Social science Sub-national: Egypt women’s participation in irrigation management in Egypt uptake (AV) 28 Table 5: Summary of status of planned outcomes and milestones Status of Links to evidence of milestone Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of 2019 FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 completion; explanation for outcome in 2019 milestone milestone milestone extended milestones Lowder and Regmi report: http://ebrary.ifpri.org/cdm/ref/coll ection/p15738coll2/id/133608 PIM-supported foresight The multiple outcomes from the PIM Crops to End Hunger initiative modeling feeds into the foresight work collected by Sara (https://www.cgiar.org/excellence production of reports that have Lowder and Anita Regmi in their -breeding-platform/crops-to-end- been used by many 2019 report present a strong case hunger/): the CGIAR System stakeholders, such as for the completion of the 2019 Council strategy document Foresight • {primary} CC multilateral organizations and milestone. Early or mature outcomes (https://storage.googleapis.com/c models and Improved donors (Asian Development have been documented across giarorg/2018/11/SC7- results are used forecasting of Bank, Bill & Melinda Gates multilateral organizations and B_Breeding-Initiative-1.pdf) by 12 regional impacts of Foundation, Central America Decision donors (Asian Development Bank, draws heavily on an IFPRI report and national climate change Council, Food and Agriculture makers at Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, to USAID (see Annex 2 pages research and targeted Organisation, Inter-American global level Central America Council, Food and 10-14 and 26-41) (the IFPRI organizations or technology Development Bank, use foresight Agriculture Organisation, Inter- report to USAID is confidential at government development 1 International Fund for knowledge Complete American Development Bank, this stage) agencies in • CC Enhanced Agricultural Development, products and International Fund for Agricultural Informing strategic decision Africa, Asia and individual Organisation for Economic findings in their Development, Organisation for making across CGIAR and the Latin America capacity in Cooperation and Development, strategies and Economic Cooperation and donor community through and global partner United Nations Environmental priorities development research Development, United Nations foresight analysis, OICR 3205 in Program, World Bank) and Environmental Program, World 2019 AR: organizations as organizations national governments, including Bank). Analysis provided to a https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PI inputs to their through training in Cambodia, Colombia, multidonor group in 2018 informed M/studySummary.do?studyID=3 priority-setting and exchange Dominican Republic, Indonesia, donor understanding and decision 205&cycle=Reporting&year=201 Philippines, South Africa, making in 2019 about crop breeding 9 United Kingdom, the United in the context of climate change Philippines, OICR 2652 in 2019 States, Uzbekistan and Vietnam through the Crops to End Hunger AR: (Lowder and Regmi, 2019). Initiative. https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PI M/studySummary.do?studyID=2 652&cycle=Reporting&year=201 9 29 Status of Links to evidence of milestone Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of 2019 FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 completion; explanation for outcome in 2019 milestone milestone milestone extended milestones The Government of Ethiopia used evidence generated by PIM to launch the Digital Agricultural Advisory Services initiative to introduce digitalized delivery and content throughout Studies on Infographics for Ethiopia, Ghana, the national extension system, policies, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda: with support from the Bill & The Biotechnology and Biosafety regulations, and • {primary} CC https://www.dropbox.com/sh/4q7 Melinda Gates Foundation and Rapid Assessment and Policy investment in Conducive h8r9mqyl2qur/AADmzIYhmsh0Z- UK Department for International Platform team completed ex ante support of agricultural Country policy LPlDErOgNia?dl=0 Development. The Government economic assessments of selected agricultural policy analysts use Ghana: of Uganda, Uganda Forum for genetically engineered crops in science, environment new tools for http://ebrary.ifpri.org/cdm/singleit Agricultural Advisory Services Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania 1 technology, and • CC Enhanced economic Complete em/collection/p15738coll2/id/133 and USAID have used PIM- and Uganda. As an integral part of innovation are institutional analysis of GM 007 supported studies and been the project, IFPRI trained and used by key capacity of crops in 4 Nigeria: active participants in PIM’s assisted senior local economists in government partner countries https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738co efforts to strengthen extension the use of the DREAM model, thus entities in 3 research ll2.133541 systems in Uganda. The contributing to building in-country CGIAR organizations Tanzania: Program on Biosafety Systems capacity in ex ante assessments. countries of https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738co team has continued supporting collaboration ll2.133636 countries in improving regulatory environments and capacity for managing biotechnology, including in Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda. 30 Status of Links to evidence of milestone Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of 2019 FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 completion; explanation for outcome in 2019 milestone milestone milestone extended milestones As noted in the 2018 external assessment of ASTI, a number of countries have used ASTI data and analyses to support budgetary discussions. More • {primary} CC recently, Myanmar began the Increased Studies on Budget design of a new master plan for capacity of impacts from allocations for the modernization of the As noted in the 2018 external partner increased agricultural country’s research and assessment of the Agricultural organizations, investment and External assessment of the research extension system. In India ASTI Science and Technology Indicators as evidenced by capacity in Agricultural Science and exceed has been integrated into the (ASTI) initiative, ASTI, ASTI partners rate of national Technology Indicators (ASTI) 1 projections of national science and technology Complete in Brazil, Mauritania, Nepal and investments in agricultural initiative (2018): the 2012-2016 information management Nigeria have used ASTI data and agricultural research are http://ebrary.ifpri.org/cdm/ref/coll trend in 5 system. In Southeast Asia and analyses to successfully advocate research used in budget ection/p15738coll2/id/133207 CGIAR the Pacific, NARS and other for higher agricultural R&D • CC Conducive planning by countries of national institutions are using spending. agricultural governments collaboration ASTI-type data collection and policy in 2 countries analysis. Vietnam’s agriculture environment and rural development strategy for 2020–2030 and Laos’ Agriculture Development Strategy 2025 are using ASTI analyses. 31 Status of Links to evidence of milestone Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of 2019 FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 completion; explanation for outcome in 2019 milestone milestone milestone extended milestones Bangladesh: Training course for university/government on economywide analysis using social accounting matrices Bangladesh: (SAMs) and computable https://www.facebook.com/event general equilibrium (CGE) s/gulsan-2-hotel- • {primary} CC Governments in models. amari/introduction-to- Conducive at least 3 Egypt: Online modeling course Research economywide-analysis-using- agricultural Bangladesh: Training course for countries use for university/government. organizations sams-and-cge- policy university/government on tools and Ethiopia: Discussions with the and/or models/327360041521997/ environment economywide analysis using SAMs evidence on the Planning Commission for universities in Egypt: • CC Gender- and CGE models. economy-wide training in early 2020. 4 countries use https://www.dropbox.com/sh/2pip equitable Egypt: Online modeling course for factors affecting Jordan: Technical workshop on state of the art qh1wisq0v7u/AAA- control of university/government. rural the Agriculture Investment Data tools to 9bOh81nIkV9ivDRM0aKsa?dl=0 2 productive Complete Jordan: Technical workshop on the transformation Analyzer and the regional evaluate Jordan: assets and Agriculture Investment Data to develop integration assessment system economy-wide http://egyptssp.ifpri.info/2019/12/ resources Analyzer and the regional integration policies that are of indexes. factors 01/workshop-building-tools-for- • CC Enhanced assessment system of indexes. better targeted Kenya: use of PIM evidence for affecting evidence-based-decision- institutional Rwanda: Model training for the towards raising a national strategy document. agricultural making-in-jordan-aida-and-the- capacity of Ministry of Finance (2 of 5 agricultural Malawi: The World Bank's and rural regional-integration-assessment- partner workshops in 2019). growth and rural public sector governance group policies system-of-indexes/ research incomes has used the Kaleidoscope Rwanda: organizations Model in its study of drivers of https://www.dropbox.com/sh/3bc agricultural policy reforms. g52re736jfyb/AAAyt9IBemyfC9rF Rwanda: Model training for the BtmYq6OSa?dl=0 Ministry of Finance and use of PIM evidence for a national strategy document. 32 Links to evidence of Status of Progress against 2022 Justification for status of 2019 milestone completion; FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 milestone 2019 outcome in 2019 milestone explanation for extended milestone milestones Ghana: The 2018 study on the Governments in Ghana: The 2018 study on the agricultural mechanization at least 3 agricultural mechanization Evidence on the service enterprise program CGIAR service enterprise program ways that informed program design; this is countries of • {primary} CC informed program design; this is alternative Ghana, OICR 2189 in 2019 AR: likely to make the program more collaboration Conducive likely to make the program more (agricultural and https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/ inclusive, efficient, demand- use empirical agricultural inclusive, efficient, demand- non-agricultural) PIM/studySummary.do?studyID driven and complementary to the evidence and policy driven and complementary to the public =2189&cycle=Reporting&year= private sector. quantitative environment private sector. expenditures and 2019 Nigeria: Studies on public methods to • CC Increased Nigeria: Studies on public public services Nigeria: Email from Dr. Fatima expenditures and investments in modify their capacity of expenditures and investments in contribute to Aliyu, Deputy Director, Cereals 2 Complete agriculture (including on R&D allocation of partner agriculture (including on R&D agricultural and Food Crops Division, and irrigation dams) completed in public resource organizations, and irrigation dams) have been development and Federal Ministry of Agriculture 2017-2019 have been presented towards better as evidenced presented to various rural welfare and Rural Development of to various stakeholders in 7 targeted by rate of stakeholders in 7 states as well considered by Nigeria: states as well as to high-level investments investments in as to high-level officials of the governments and https://www.dropbox.com/s/4kr3 officials of the Federal Ministry of favoring agricultural Federal Ministry of Agriculture civil society via 9yzzaxy3hsl/RESEARCH%20P Agriculture and Rural inclusive research and Rural Development and policy fora in 2 RESENTATION.msg?dl=0 Development and have been agricultural have been used to inform countries used to inform the discussions growth and rural discussions on the new Seed Bill (cumulative total) on the new Seed Bills and other transformation and other policies. policies. Egypt: The Ministry of Agriculture Agricultural is using PIM modeling for its Tools and growth and rural upcoming agricultural strategy. evidence on the • {primary} incomes are Kenya: The Agricultural Sector economywide Increased increased Transformation and Growth factors affecting livelihood (above Strategy and the National rural Kenya: The Agricultural Sector opportunities Kenya, OICR 3212 in 2019 AR: counterfactual Agricultural Investment Plan use transformation are Transformation and Growth • Improved https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/ trend) in 3 PIM research. used by 1 country Strategy 2019-2029 and the 2 capacity of Complete PIM/studySummary.do?studyID countries Malawi: The National Agricultural to modify policies National Agricultural Investment women and =3212&cycle=Reporting&year= implementing Investment Plan uses PIM or expenditures Plan 2019-2024 use PIM young people 2019 evidence-based research. that are better research. to participate in policies and/or Rwanda: The National Strategy targeted towards decision public for Transformation uses PIM raising agricultural making expenditure research. growth and rural allocations USAID's Global Food Security incomes Strategy uses PIM research. 33 Status of 2022 Progress against 2022 Justification for status of Links to evidence of milestone completion; FP Sub-IDOs 2019 milestone 2019 outcome outcome in 2019 2019 milestone explanation for extended milestones milestone Morocco: no public evidence of PIM role The capacity of negotiators (confidential); topic covered in item #52 in the Heads from Northern, Western and of State meeting: https://www.ecowas.int/wp- Central Africa was increased content/uploads/2017/12/Final-Communiqu%c3%a9- through events and 52nd-ECOWAS-Summit-Abuja-16-Dec-17-Eng.pdf; workshops, bilateral mentoring ECOWAS delayed its decision on Morocco's request and technical briefing notes: to join the community due to the need to further study - Support to Morocco Ministry the implications of Morocco's adhesion, partly based of Finance officials on trade on analyses generated by PIM: In 2019, the core support to policy agenda with focus on https://en.yabiladi.com/articles/details/72605/ecowas- trade negotiations was the AfCFTA and agreement on 54th-ordinary-session-ignores.html dedicated to the African joining ECOWAS in 2017 Trade integration in Africa and the AfCFTA, major Continental Free Trade - Meeting with Central Africa Evidence is report on issues and trends: Area (AfCFTA). Support 10 negotiators used to http://ebrary.ifpri.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15738coll2/id was provided in different representatives - Briefing on the AfCFTA for support /133390 ways: directly to of developing African policy makers during changes in Regional Trade Forum for West and Central Africa: • {primary} governments at the countries have the Regional Trade Forum for trade policy no public evidence of PIM's contribution; event CC bilateral level (e.g. strengthened West and Central Africa and/or description: https://www.uneca.org/regional-trade- Conducive Morocco), through regional capacity to - Dialogue with the World 3 regulations Complete forum-west-central-africa-2019 agricultural fora attended by technical represent their Trade Organization (WTO) with global WTO dialogue “Rethinking Food and Agricultural policy staff and high-level policy interests in member states on “Rethinking and Trade Negotiations: Identifying Options for Progress": environment makers (West and Central trade Food and Agricultural Trade regional http://www.ictsd.org/sites/default/files/event/final_age Africa), and at the negotiations Negotiations: Identifying implications nda_-_9_may_-_agriculture.pdf continental level through related to Options for Progress" in 3 Dispute settlement: no publicly available information the UN-Economic agriculture - Meetings on WTO dispute instances on the meetings; background piece: Commission for Africa and settlement with agricultural https://www.ifpri.org/blog/wto-dispute-settlement- African Institute for attaches procedure-verge-crisis Economic Development In addition, specific outreach to Dialogue with WTO member states delegates on and Planning bodies. African negotiators in Geneva "Trade Wars: What Implications for Agriculture in was conducted on other global Africa and Beyond?": issues, such as the World https://www.iisd.org/sites/default/files/meterial/Trade Trade Organisation's %20wars%20dialogue%2010Oct2019%20Final%20a preparatory work for Ministerial genda.pdf; Conference 12 in 2020 and the https://www.iisd.org/sites/default/files/meterial/traore- impacts on Africa of trade us-china-wto-october-2019-pdf.pdf; tensions between China and https://www.iisd.org/sites/default/files/meterial/glauber the US. -mfp-wto-october-2019-pdf.pdf 34 Status of Links to evidence of milestone Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 completion; explanation for extended outcome in 2019 milestone 2019 milestone milestone milestones China, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Guatemala, Honduras, Peru: https://pim.cgiar.org/2018/01/12/the- reality-of-food-losses-a-new- measurement-methodology/ Ghana: https://snv.org/update/reducing- Collaboration with FAO as the post-harvest-loss-through-evidence-and- custodian of SDG 12.3 on food advocacy losses was further Information on specific partnerships for strengthened. FAO scaled up The PIM measurement postharvest research in MARLO and PIM the PIM methodology for methodology was or is being activity plans (available upon request) quantifying postharvest loss to Partnerships replicated in 7 countries: Collaboration with FAO: SOFA 2019: two additional countries: are China, Ecuador, Ethiopia, http://www.fao.org/3/ca6030en/ca6030en Mozambique and Tanzania. strengthened Ghana, Guatemala, Honduras .pdf (Chapters 1-2-3 and Boxes 8 and 9); FAO's 2019 "State of Food and Research and among and Peru. PIM background papers for the SOFA: • {primary} Agriculture" report on food development research FAO's 2019 "State of Food https://www.dropbox.com/s/9umm01zpxi Reduce pre- losses used PIM outputs organizations organizations and Agriculture" report on food 8830p/D21082_Nakasone-Delgado- and post- extensively. use PIM tools to and with losses extensively cites PIM's Vos_Determinants%20of%20farm%20po 3 harvest losses, The PIM methodology was Complete address development work. Data, tools and results of st- including those implemented in Ghana through postharvest organizations the PIM methodology to harvest%20losses%20in%20developing caused by an SNV (Netherlands losses in 10 to enhance assess food losses are shared %20countries.pdf?dl=0; climate change Development Organisation) countries use of on the FAO technical platform https://www.dropbox.com/s/ll3j6lgl4dyobl project. research on on reduction of food losses. 1/D13684_Delgado-Schuster- PIM and partners tested postharvest To disseminate the Torero_Quantity%20and%20Quality%20 innovations to reduce losses methodology a policy brief was Food%20Losses%20Across%20the%20 postharvest losses for beans in published for the T20 Summit Value%20Chain.%20A%20Comparative Guatemala and Honduras. (part of the G20 process). %20Analysis.pdf?dl=0; Platform on Food The Global Agriculture and Loss and Waste: Food Security Program used a http://www.fao.org/platform-food-loss- PIM-tested innovation in the waste/food-loss/food-loss- project INVEST-H in Honduras. measurement/ifprimethodology/en/ T20 Summit Contribution: https://t20argentina.org/publicacion/clarif ying-the-problem-of-food-loss-and- waste-to-improve-food-and-nutrition- security/ 35 Status of Links to evidence of milestone Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 completion; explanation for extended outcome in 2019 milestone 2019 milestone milestone milestones Pakistan: OICR 3282 in 2019 AR: https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/study Summary.do?studyID=3282&cycle=Rep orting&year=2019 Ecuador: https://www.dropbox.com/s/xiubeyshkc0 39k9/Agenda%20de%20reuni%C3%B3n In Pakistan, PIM research (with %20MAG%20-%20FAO%20- In Pakistan, PIM research Flagship 2) informed the Punjab %20CIP%204%20de%20junio%202018. • {primary} (with Flagship 2) informed the Agriculture Marketing pdf?dl=0 Reduced Punjab Agriculture Marketing Regulation Authority Act and Policy Ethiopia: market barriers Regulation Authority Act and Ordinance, which constitute a dialogues with https://www.dropbox.com/sh/klw3bsx01s Research and • CC Gender- Ordinance, which constitute a major step to increase value key public and sampu/AAD1NPkziq4nxdqRyZrUH9r8a? development equitable major step to increase value addition by producers and private dl=0 organizations control of addition by producers and enforce fair marketing practices stakeholders India: use PIM tools productive enforce fair marketing in the province. prioritize http://ebrary.ifpri.org/cdm/ref/collection/p 3 for value chain assets and Complete practices in the province. Workshops and dialogues on actions to 15738coll2/id/133148 analysis and resources PIM tools have been shared value chain interventions address major Indonesia: development in • CC Enhanced and used in several countries: involving many partners and value chain https://www.dropbox.com/s/bhx0bgbk9ej 20 instances in institutional Ecuador (reducing food loss using PIM tools have been distortions or veni/Undangan%20Workshop%2014%2 6 countries capacity of and waste), India, Indonesia, conducted in several countries. weaknesses in 0Nov%202019-b.pdf?dl=0 partner Kenya, Myanmar and Vietnam Testing of value chain 5 countries Kenya: research (risk management and value innovations is being conducted https://www.dropbox.com/s/1ixk3u541i28 organizations chain financing) and Ethiopia with development partners in 12 o45/Tentative%20Project%20Program.p (broader set of interventions). countries. df?dl=0; Myanmar: https://www.dropbox.com/s/2ofhlv0pwcp wiv4/Agenda_External_public.pdf?dl=0 Vietnam: https://www.dropbox.com/s/lwh9a2mcdvf 88l4/invitation%2022%20Nov19%20.pdf ?dl=0 36 Status of Links to evidence of milestone Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of 2019 FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 completion; explanation for outcome in 2019 milestone milestone milestone extended milestones A review on "Behaviour Change Scale-Up in Market Systems Development" was completed in 2018. Because that review highlighted a paucity of scientific evidence on market systems development, it was decided to Analyses of A study on the use of market review other scaling up scaling models system approaches was approaches. Hence, two other for value chain completed in 2018. Two other studies were launched in 2019 with 2018 paper "Behaviour Change are shared studies were launched in 2019 completion expected in 2020: a Scale-Up in Market Systems with key actors 3 with completion expected in Extended study of how CRPs are using value Development: A literature review": in value chain 2020: a study of how CRPs are chains in scaling up their https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/105 Implementation development using value chains in scaling up innovations and a review of CGIAR 68/100158 partners in three (2018 their innovations and a review value chain research. The countries use milestone, • {primary} of value chain research across dissemination of the findings of analysis of extended) Improved CGIAR. The dissemination of these 3 studies is planned for 2020. approaches to access to the findings of these three In 2019 CGIAR value chain scaling to financial and studies is planned for 2020. researchers met with IFAD and increase other services There are multiple research SNV (Netherlands Development numbers of • Reduced collaborations with Organisation) to share results and beneficiaries by market barriers implementation partners to test clarify research demand from these 50% in and expand value chain implementation partners. designated innovations. PIM's work on scaling methods in projects In 2019 CGIAR value chain value chains has been delayed due researchers met with IFAD and Value chain to the complexity of the topic and to 2018 paper "Behaviour Change SNV (Netherlands Development innovations are difficulties to generate rigorous Scale-Up in Market Systems Organisation) to share research used by public evidence on scaling methods. Development: A literature review": results and clarify their and private Additional studies were launched in https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/105 information needs. sector agents 2019 to improve our understanding 3 Extended 68/100158; to achieve of this topic. Concurrently, PIM https://www.cabi.org/news- greater researchers are continuing support article/cabi-partnered-seeing-is- development for the wider application of PIM believing-project-goes-under-the- impact in 2 value chain interventions, including microscope-for-facebook-live-event/ countries postharvest loss mitigation and improved insurance products for farmers. 37 Status of Links to evidence of milestone Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of 2019 FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 completion; explanation for outcome in 2019 milestones milestones milestones extended milestones • {primary} Conducive environment for managing Bangladesh: An impact shocks and An impact assessment of the assessment of the Vulnerable vulnerability, as Vulnerable Group Development Group Development program evidenced in program in Bangladesh identified means to make the rapid response identified means to make the program more effective; four of the Bangladesh, OICR2661 in 2018 AR: National social mechanisms program more effective; four of National social five changes recommended were https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/s protection • CC Enhanced the five changes recommended protection implemented in the second phase. tudySummary.do?studyID=2661&cy programs and institutional were implemented in the programs and Egypt: Recommendations about cle=Reporting&year=2018 4 policies are capacity of second phase. policies are Complete targeting for the Takaful and Egypt, OICR2171 in 2018 AR: modified based partner In Egypt, the government is modified based Karama program were provided https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/s on evidence in research using advice from the impact on evidence in during a meeting with the Ministry tudySummary.do?studyID=2171&cy 3 countries organizations evaluation of the Takaful and 2 countries of Social Solidarity. Oral cle=Reporting&year=2018 • CC Enhanced Karama program to revise the confirmation was given by the individual program's targeting approach Minister that these capacity in during the next wave of recommendations would be partner enrollment. followed in the next round of research enrollment. organizations through training and exchange 38 Status of Links to evidence of milestone Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of 2019 FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 completion; explanation for outcome in 2019 milestones milestones milestones extended milestones Social protection innovations related to targeting and behavioral change communications (BCC) have been adopted in Bangladesh and Mali in order to improve the targeting and nutritional status of Bangladesh: Discussion Paper: PIM research has informed the households reached through social http://ebrary.ifpri.org/cdm/ref/collecti design of social protection protection programs. Here we on/p15738coll2/id/133450; programs in three countries: focus on the adoption of the BCC Mali: World Bank Emergency Safety In Bangladesh, the pilot version innovation in these two countries. • {primary} Nets project document (see last of the government’s new Mother In Bangladesh, impact evaluations Increased numbered point on page 2): and Child Benefit program of the ongoing Improved Maternity access to http://documents.vsemirnyjbank.org/ Improved includes behavior change Improved and Lactating Mothers Allowance diverse nutrient- curated/ru/414211561752166476/pd social communication based on PIM social Program found that BCC improves rich foods f/Disclosable-Version-of-the-ISR- protection findings. protection nutritional outcomes for enrolled • Increased Emergency-Safety-Nets-project- innovations In Mali, the recommendations of innovations are households. As a result, the household Jigis-m-jiri-P127328-Sequence-No- provide food an evaluation were used by the adopted by government is piloting a new 4 capacity to cope Complete 11.pdf; policy seminar "Integrated security and government to improve the government program (to be rolled out at scale with shocks Cash Transfer Programs in West nutrition impacts of the program on child and other as the Mother and Child Benefit • CC Gender- Africa: How to make cash transfer benefits to poor nutrition. implementing Program) which includes BCC. equitable programs more nutrition sensitive?": households in In Egypt, researchers are organizations In Mali, results from the impact control of https://www.ifpri.org/event/integrated 3 countries testing a new social protection in 2 countries evaluation of the Jigisémèjiri safety productive -cash-transfer-programs-west-africa- program, Forsa, meant to assist net program provide evidence that assets and how-make-cash-transfer-programs- the beneficiaries of the Takaful measures accompanying cash resources more-nutrition; OICR2659 in 2018 and Karama cash transfer transfers, such as informational AR: program in graduating from this sessions on nutrition, improve https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/s program through asset transfers certain child health outcomes. As a tudySummary.do?studyID=2659&cy and job trainings. result of these findings, the cle=Reporting&year=2018 government and local NGO partners are piloting another phase of this program that includes household visits and BCC targeted toward health and nutritional outcomes. 39 Status of 2022 Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of Links to evidence of milestone completion; explanation for FP Sub-IDOs 2019 outcome outcome in 2019 milestone 2019 milestone extended milestones milestone International Land Coalition: https://www.dropbox.com/s/el7h1fve8lbfa65/Attachment%203%20 Evidence from PIM International Land Coalition - Flagship 5 research is National Engagement Strategy %20CoP%20design%20elements%20and%20consultation%20fee informing land tenure facilitators were trained on dback.pdf?dl=0; policy in Ethiopia, multistakeholder methods. https://www.dropbox.com/s/8km880lalvq989w/MSP%20CoP%20 Mozambique and Foundation for Ecological Workshop_Report_Final.docx?dl=0 Nigeria; rangeland policy Security uses collective action Foundation for Ecological Security: OICR 3335: • {primary} CC in Ethiopia, Tanzania and games in Andhra Pradesh and https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/studySummary.do?studyID=3 Conducive Tunisia; forest tenure and Maharashtra states (India). 335&cycle=Reporting&year=2019; MOUs between FES and State agricultural governance policy in The Rulal game is being used Governments showing training on experimental games: policy Ethiopia, Guatemala, by universities (Thailand and https://www.dropbox.com/s/5ur9cxs7gtdzckx/MoU%20between%2 environment Indonesia, Madagascar, Netherlands) and NGOs (Lao 0APDMP%20and%20FES.pdf?dl=0; • CC Peru and Uganda; PDR). Researchers were https://www.dropbox.com/s/532cwo4yda7ab69/MoU%20between Enhanced Evidence commons tenure and trained on the Rulal land use %20Maharashtra%20and%20FES.pdf?dl=0; individual informs governance policy in Staff from planning game at a meeting of the FES 2018-2019 report mentions collaboration with CGIAR and capacity in natural India. Implementation of research, civil the International Association for other PIM partners on collective action games and other partner resource reforms and innovations society and the Study of the Commons. innovations: http://fes.org.in/pdf/annual-report-2018-19.pdf research governance is supported through development Government collaborators were Rulal land use planning game, OICR 3312: organizations 5 and tenure training, tools and guides organization Complete trained on participatory land use https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/studySummary.do?studyID=3 through policy for governments, NGOs staff are planning in pastoral areas in 312&cycle=Reporting&year=2019 training and processes/ and communities, trained in Ethiopia and Tanzania. Participatory land use planning in Ethiopia, OICR 3301: exchange Implemen- including women (DRC, Flagship 5 Tools for implementation were https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/studySummary.do?studyID=3 • CC Increased tation in 12 Kenya, Peru, Uganda); methods launched in Peru (indigenous 301&cycle=Reporting&year=2019 capacity for countries several tools focus on titling programs) and Uganda Participatory land use planning in Tanzania, OICR 2631: innovation in multistakholder platforms (guide on forest tenure for https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/studySummary.do?studyID=2 partner in forested landscapes community leaders). 631&cycle=Reporting&year=2019 development (Brazil, Ethiopia, Trainings were given on gender Titling guide in Peru: https://www.cifor.org/library/7162/ organizations Indonesia and Peru). and indigenous groups rights on Guide for community leaders on forest tenure in Uganda: and in poor An M&E system has forests and lands (DRC, https://www.cifor.org/library/7488/ and vulnerable been developed for Kenya). Workshop on gender and indigenous women’s rights in DRC: communities Africa and rolled out in A guideline for assessing https://www.cifor.org/library/7552/ Malawi and Tanzania, performance of multistakeholder Guidelines on integrating gender into development of sub- with plans for rolling out platforms in forest landscapes catchment management plans in Kenya: in all Intergovernmental was disseminated to partners in http://www.cifor.org/publications/pdf_files/Flyer/7480-flyer.pdf Authority on Brazil, Ethiopia, Indonesia and Guidelines on multistakholder platforms in Brazil, Ethiopia, Development countries. Peru. Indonesia and Peru: https://www.cifor.org/library/7149/ Practitioner's guide on implementation of forest tenure reforms (global): https://www.cifor.org/library/7503/ 40 Status of 2022 Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of Links to evidence of milestone completion; explanation for FP Sub-IDOs 2019 outcome outcome in 2019 milestone 2019 milestone extended milestones milestone An M&E system to Funding through the African track progress MELA-Malawi: Land Policy Center did not towards https://www.dropbox.com/s/srvnxauj4eq6u7z/Inception%20report materialize. Alternative funding See tenure %20-Malawi%20MELA%20%20%282%29.docx?dl=0 See previous was secured through the 5 previous See previous row security policy Extended MELA-Tanzania: row Intergovernmental Authority on row reforms is https://www.dropbox.com/s/abijdhqxr513zl2/Country%20inception Development (IGAD). IGAD has operationalize %20report%20MELA%20mm%2025th%20oct%20- requested rolling out the M&E d in 5 more %20Tanzania.docx?dl=0 system in all IGAD countries. African countries 41 Status of Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of Links to evidence of milestone completion; FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 outcome in 2019 milestone 2019 milestone explanation for extended milestones milestone Progress towards Participatory land use planning in Ethiopia, OICR 3301 in tenure security of 2019 AR: pastoralists has been https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/studySummary.do?stu made in Ethiopia and dyID=3301&cycle=Reporting&year=2019 Tanzania thanks to Participatory land use planning in Tanzania, OICR 2631 in implementation of land 2019 AR: use planning and Land use planning approaches https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/studySummary.do?stu issuance of certificate of implemented by governments dyID=2631&cycle=Reporting&year=2019 customary rights of In in Ethiopia and Tanzania and Frameworks, tools, and approaches for the assessment of • {primary} occupancy in Tanzania. collaboration certificate of customary rights rangeland governance in Tunisia: Increased Research is supporting with policy of occupation to pastoralists in https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335444124_Fra access to state governments in makers, Tanzania. meworks_tools_and_approaches_for_the_assessment_of Tenure productive India to strengthen innovative Frameworks, tools, and _rangeland_governance security is assets, rights on commons. tenure approaches for the Engagement in India (MOUs between FES and State improved for including Community forest security- assessment of rangeland Governments specifying implementation of PIM beneficiaries in natural concessions are being enhancing governance in Tunisia. innovations): 5 Complete 6 countries, resources extended in Guatemala innovations CGIAR partnership with FES https://www.dropbox.com/s/5ur9cxs7gtdzckx/MoU%20bet with detailed • CC Gender- based on research are tested led to testing of innovations in ween%20APDMP%20and%20FES.pdf?dl=0; documentation equitable showing the benefits of across two states of India. https://www.dropbox.com/s/532cwo4yda7ab69/MoU%20b for 2 control of these concessions. relevant Renewal of a community forest etween%20Maharashtra%20and%20FES.pdf?dl=0; productive An analysis in contexts in 5 concessions in Guatemala. Community forest concessions in Guatemala, OICR 3302 assets and Madagascar highlighted countries Strengthened approach to in AR 2019: resources the importance of (cumulative collective tenure in GIZ project https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/studySummary.do?stu customary collective total) in Madagascar. dyID=3302&cycle=Reporting&year=2019 forest use and Tools on gender and forest GIZ project in Madagascar: confidential email from GIZ governance landscape restoration in Africa. project managers arrangements and Tools on tenure and FLR: contributed to a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.11.053 strengthened focus on Tools on gender and FLR in Africa: collective tenure https://pim.cgiar.org/2017/12/18/gender-matters-in-forest- security in a GIZ project landscape-restoration-a-framework-for-design-and- in the country. evaluation/ 42 Status of Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of Links to evidence of milestone completion; FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 outcome in 2019 milestone 2019 milestone explanation for extended milestones milestone Improved • {primary} The Promise of Models for Complete The Promise of Commons Engagement in India (MOUs between FES and Indian landscape- More Commons Initiative in more Initiative in India implements state governments showing strengthening management of level productive India implements inclusive and several landscape governance commons through collective action): governance and equitable several landscape effective innovations in different Indian https://www.dropbox.com/s/5ur9cxs7gtdzckx/MoU%20bet arrangements management governance landscape states. ween%20APDMP%20and%20FES.pdf?dl=0; are of natural innovations. governance Workshops on https://www.dropbox.com/s/532cwo4yda7ab69/MoU%20b implemented in resources Multistakeholder are multistakeholder platforms etween%20Maharashtra%20and%20FES.pdf?dl=0; 6 countries, • CC Gender- platforms (MSPs) for disseminated (MSPs) took place for the FES 2018-2019 report references the collaborations with more equitable landscape governance to key policy Kenya/Somalia and Vietnam. with CGIAR and other PIM partners on the use of productive and control of are implemented in and A tool for co-management collective action games and other innovations: equitable productive Kenya, Somalia and development areas was disseminated to the http://fes.org.in/pdf/annual-report-2018-19.pdf management assets and Vietnam. actors in 3 Peruvian National Service of Multistakeholder platforms for landscape governance in in at least 2 resources The Rulal game helps countries Protected Areas. Kenya and Somalia: strengthen landscape A study of MSPs reported on http://www.worldagroforestry.org/output/third-cross- 5 governance in Lao actions for improved border-stakeholder-dialogue-platform PDR. governance in Brazil, Ethiopia, Multistakeholder platforms for landscape governance in A study of MSPs Indonesia and Peru. Vietnam: reported on actions for http://old.worldagroforestry.org/region/sea/publications/det improved governance in ail?pubID=4533 Brazil, Ethiopia, Tool for co-management areas in Peru: Indonesia and Peru. https://www.dropbox.com/s/wjuo5x5fyz8my88/Programa% A self-monitoring tool 20Taller%20SERNANP%20%28Lima%29.docx?dl=0; was developed to https://www.dropbox.com/s/4sj9v010yhv9zpo/Workshop% improve MSP 20PPT%20GOV%20tool%20shared%20with%20SERNA governance in NP.pdf?dl=0 Indonesia and Peru, Training on MSPs in Brazil, Ethiopia, Indonesia and Peru: including work with rural https://www.cifor.org/library/7149/ women on gender indicators. 43 Status of 2022 Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of 2019 Links to evidence of milestone completion; FP Sub-IDOs 2019 outcome outcome in 2019 milestone milestone explanation for extended milestones milestone The Gender Platform promoted sharing of innovative research Gender Platform blogs: methods through blogs, webinars https://gender.cgiar.org/resources/engendering- • {primary} CC and capacity development events data-methods-blog/ Enhanced such as Seeds of Change Gender Platform webinars: individual The Gender Platform conference. https://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/webinars/ capacity in promoted sharing of By the end of 2019, there were 54 Seeds of Change conference: partner innovative research countries and 103 organizations https://gender.cgiar.org/annual-conference-2019/ research methods through blogs, using some version of WEAI WEAI, OICR 3192 in 2019 AR: organizations webinars and capacity New gender (including their adaptations). https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/studySummary. National through training development events. research A survey-based module designed to do?studyID=3192&cycle=Reporting&year=2019 researchers and exchange In 2019 two new methods are measure men's and women's Freedom of movement, Innovation 1187 in 2019 use • CC Improved countries and 13 new developed experiences with freedom of AR: improved capacity of organizations used a and movement that can be incorporated 6 Complete https://marlo.cgiar.org/summaries/PIM/projectInnov gender women and Women's Empowerment disseminated into large multipurpose surveys was ationSummary.do?innovationID=1187&phaseID=1 research young people in Agriculture Index- widely piloted. A guide on participatory 02 methods in to participate in related product, bringing through the methods to collect data for Participatory guide, Innovation 1189 in 2019 AR: 5 countries decision- the total to 54 and 103, gender understanding gender dynamics in https://marlo.cgiar.org/summaries/PIM/projectInnov making respectively. platform agricultural settings was created and ationSummary.do?innovationID=1189&phaseID=1 • CC Enhanced Several gender research piloted in Honduras. A tool was 02 institutional tools were created, developed to promote young men Youth-focused tool: capacity of piloted and/or and women’s engagement in https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/99077 partner disseminated. growing root, tuber and banana Work on vignettes: research crops. Vignettes were used to http://pim.cgiar.org/2019/10/08/using-vignettes-to- organizations understand decision-making understand-decision-making-processes-within- processes within households in households/ Senegal; this method could be applied in other countries. 44 Status of Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of 2019 Links to evidence of milestone completion; FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 outcome in 2019 milestone milestone explanation for extended milestones milestone PIM research informed Nigeria’s National Gender Policy in PIM research informed Agriculture (with Flagship 2). Nigeria’s National A policy seminar on “Crafting the Gender Policy in next generation of CGIAR gender Agriculture (with Flagship research", highlighting CGIAR Informing Nigeria's National Gender Policy in 2). research which will be synthesized Agriculture, OICR 3191 in 2019 AR: A policy seminar on in a 2020 book, provided policy https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/studySummar “Crafting the next lessons for decision makers. y.do?studyID=3191&cycle=Reporting&year=2019 generation of CGIAR Policy work regarding intimate Policy seminar: gender research" partner violence has been shared http://pim.cgiar.org/2019/10/22/policy-seminar- provided policy lessons with several prominent global crafting-the-next-generation-of-cgiar-gender- for decision makers. institutions and is influencing policy research/ • {primary} The work of the guidelines (e.g. "DFID's What Works Work on intimate partner violence, OICR 2687 in CC Research Collaborative program"). 2019 AR: Conducive on cash transfers and Work on women’s access to markets https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/studySummar agricultural intimate partner violence Policy lessons in the Middle-East and North Africa y.do?studyID=2687&cycle=Reporting&year=2019 policy is being drawn upon in from gender Gender was presented at a workshop Work in MENA: environment high-level guidance research are dimensions of organized by the London School of http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/102946/4/Women_s_Acces • CC documents (evidence shared widely 6 policies are Complete Economics, and featured s_to_Market_Opportunities_in_South_Asia_and_t Technologie review from DFID’s with global, strengthened prominently in the workshop report. he_Middle_East_North_Africa.pdf s that reduce “What Works” program, regional, and in 4 countries Research on the gendered impacts Work in Central Asia: women`s report from a high-level national policy of income shocks and of https://www.ifpri.org/event/fourth-annual- labor and Wilton Park meeting). makers interventions to achieve rural international-conference-agriculture-food-security- energy Work on women’s revitalization in Central Asia was and-nutrition-eurasia expenditure access to markets in the presented to the Ministry of Finance Work on vegetatively propagated crops in Kenya: adopted Middle-East and North of the Russian Federation and to the https://myemail.constantcontact.com/NPCK- Africa was presented to Ministry of Agriculture of Uzbekistan. March-2019-E- policy makers. A PIM workshop was organized for newsletter.html?soid=1132314066358&aid=00Yr6 Policy makers from the research, government and seed gZGHiM Russian Federation have sector stakeholders to discuss policy AAAE lecture: https://aaae- shown interest in issues for vegetatively propagated africa.eventbank.com/event/6th-african- research undertaken by crops, including innovations that conference-of-agricultural-economists- PIM regarding the address gender dimensions. 10772/programme.html gendered impacts of The PIM Flagship 6 leader gave the income shocks and rural Memorial Lecture, on understanding policy interventions in rural household behavior, at the Central Asian countries. African Conference of Agricultural Economists. 45 Status of Progress against 2022 2019 Justification for status of 2019 Links to evidence of milestone completion; FP 2022 outcome Sub-IDOs 2019 outcome in 2019 milestone milestone explanation for extended milestones milestone The Women's Completion of this milestone went Empowerment in beyond the initial plans, covering Agriculture Index (WEAI) four countries instead of three. is being adopted in The World Health Organization’s additional countries and new RESPECT Women framework used in many PIM for preventing violence against studies, enabling an women draws heavily on the work of assessment of changes the Research Collaborative on cash in empowerment due to transfers and intimate partner the tested interventions. violence, citing PIM-funded studies Findings from the (a study in Ecuador and a mixed Work on intimate partner violence, OICR 2687 in Research Collaborative methods review) as examples. 2019 AR: on cash transfers and In Southern Honduras, Swisscontact https://marlo.cgiar.org/projects/PIM/studySummar Best bet intimate partner violence implemented the Women's y.do?studyID=2687&cycle=Reporting&year=2019 empowerment • {primary} (mostly from work in Empowerment in Agriculture Index Honduras: Indicators of interventions CC Gender- Ecuador) have been and the Women's Empowerment in https://blog.ciat.cgiar.org/es/herramientas- women's are evaluated equitable taken up by the World Agriculture Index for Value Chains in cualitativas-para-el-analisis-de-genero-en- empowerment at scale (proof 6 control of Health Organization. Complete the cashew, dairy and fruits value agricultura/ in agriculture of application) productive Studies aimed at chains to help inform their Papua New Guinea: increase in 3 by researchers assets and improving gender intervention strategy. https://www.ifpri.org/country/papua-new-guinea countries and resources indicators in Honduras In Papua New Guinea, research Uganda: implementers and Papua New Guinea showing the impacts of improving http://cdm15738.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/colle in 3 countries have been implemented perceptions of household welfare on ction/p15738coll2/id/133523; at scale. women’s empowerment triggered http://www.ifpri.org/publication/role-men-womens- In Uganda, the effects of new investments to understand empowerment-initiative-evidence-uganda gender-responsive women’s employment and economic extension approaches on activities. women’s participation in In Uganda, the effects of gender- decision making are responsive extension approaches on being tested, and women’s participation in decision research on barriers to making are being tested, and women’s participation in research on barriers to women’s sugar cane value chains participation in sugar cane value is undergoing further chains is undergoing further scaling scaling up. up. 46 Table 6: Numbers of peer-reviewed journal articles Number Percent Peer-reviewed articles 115 100% Open access 72 63% ISI 101 88% Table 7: Participants in capacity development activities Number of trainees Female Male In short-term programs 3,516 6,870 In long-term programs 20 8 PhDs 10 5 47 Table 8: Key external partnerships Lead flagship Brief description of partnership aims List of key partners in partnership Main area of partnership Flagship 1 Investigating regional responses to climate • Energy Research Centre • Outreach change in Southern Africa • National Treasury of South Africa • Policy • DPME – Department of Planning, Monitoring and • Research Evaluation, Republic of South Africa • ZIPAR - Zambia Institute for Policy Analysis and Research • IAPRI - Indaba Agricultural Policy Research Institute (Zambia) • Amargi Media, Inc, South Africa • Aurecon AMEI Limited • UNU-WIDER – United Nations World Institute for Development Economics Research • Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA • IFPRI Flagship 1 Expanding on past research on the effects of • USDA - U.S. Department of Agriculture • Research climate change on the nutrient content of • RTI - RTI International crops by projecting these effects into the • EPA – US Environmental Protection Agency future at global and regional scale • CSIRO - Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization • Harvard School of Public Health • IFPRI Flagship 1 Evaluation of ICT-based extension methods • Digital Green • Delivery in Ethiopia and Uganda • Viamo • Research • Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources (Ethiopia) • University of Antwerp • USAID – United States Agency for International Development • GFRAS – Global Forum for Rural Advisory Services • CIMMYT • IFPRI 48 Lead flagship Brief description of partnership aims List of key partners in partnership Main area of partnership Flagship 1 Building the capacity of seed sector • MoFA - Ministry of Food and Agriculture (Ghana) • Capacity stakeholders, revising outdated regulations • MARD - Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development • Policy and improving smallholders’ access to (Vietnam) • Research improved varieties and quality seed in • SEAN - Seed Entrepreneurs' Association of Nepal Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nepal, Nigeria, • NARC - Nepal Agricultural Research Council Vietnam, and Uganda • NARO - National Agricultural Research Organisation (Uganda) • TEGEMEO - Tegemeo Institute of Agricultural Policy and Development (Kenya) • CABE - Centre for African Bio-Entrepreneurship • WCDI - Wageningen Center for Development Innovation • MSU - Michigan State University • KIT - Royal Tropical Institute • Bioversity International • CIP • ICRISAT • IFPRI • IITA Flagship 1 General release of a genetically engineered • NBMA - National Biosafety Management Agency • Capacity pod borer resistant cowpea in Nigeria (Nigeria) • Delivery • ARCN - Agricultural Research Council of Nigeria • Policy • IFPRI • Research Flagship 2 Developing and applying the Agriculture • IFAD – International Fund for Agricultural • Capacity Investment Data Analyzer tool in Arab- Development speaking countries • UN-ESCWA – United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia • IFPRI Flagship 2 Structural Transformation of African • African Economic Research Consortium • Capacity Agriculture and Rural Spaces (STAARS) • African Development Bank • Research Fellowship Program • The World Bank • PEP – Partnership for Economic Policy • Cornell University • IFPRI 49 Lead flagship Brief description of partnership aims List of key partners in partnership Main area of partnership Flagship 2 Book Youth and Jobs in Rural Africa • Cargill • Outreach • Policy Studies Institute (Ethiopia) • Research • FAO • The World Bank • International Labour Organisation • Arizona State University • University of Groningen • IFPRI Flagship 2 Research and policy engagement on land • TEGEMEO - Tegemeo Institute of Agricultural Policy • Capacity dynamics in East and Southern Africa and Development (Kenya) • Policy • IAPRI - Indaba Agricultural Policy Research Institute • Research (Zambia) • MSU - Michigan State University • CIMMYT Flagship 2 Understanding decentralization processes • Zambian Revenue Authority • Delivery and progress in Zambia • Decentralisation Secretariat of Zambia (Government) • Policy • University of Zambia, Center for Urban and Regional • Research Planning • International Growth Centre • Texas A&M University • IFPRI Flagship 3 Ag-Incentives Consortium: International • FAO • Capacity Organisations Consortium for Measuring the • Inter-American Development Bank • Research Policy Environment for Agriculture • Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development • The World Bank • IFPRI Flagship 3 Fostering gender-inclusive business models • Swisscontact • Capacity in small rural enterprises in Honduras • McGill University • Delivery through the use of the gender-responsive • CIAT LINK methodology Flagship 3 Testing value chain innovations related to • COORDID cooperative (Senegal) • Delivery quality certification and standards • COOPEDELSI cooperative (Senegal) • Research • Ethiopian Millers Association • Global Aquaculture Alliance • Bioversity International • CIMMYT • IFPRI 50 Lead flagship Brief description of partnership aims List of key partners in partnership Main area of partnership Flagship 3 Measurement and reduction of postharvest • Albay (private company, Guatemala) • Delivery losses • Government of Honduras • Outreach • FAO • Research • Wageningen University and Research • CIMMYT • CIP • IFPRI Flagship 3 Applied research on picture-based insurance • eeMAUSAM, Weather Risk Management Services • Delivery and advisory services Private LTD • Research • HDFC ERGO General Insurance Company Ltd. • CABI • Agriculture Climate Risk Enterprise Africa (ACRE) • Africa Risk Capacity • World Food Programme • University of Manchester • Ghent University • IFPRI Flagship 4 Effects of cash transfers in Yemen • Yemen Social Fund for Development • Capacity • The World Bank • Delivery • GIZ • Policy • IFPRI • Research Flagship 4 Impact evaluation of the Strengthen PSNP4 • Government of Ethiopia • Capacity Institutions and Resilience (SPIR) • World Vision International • Delivery Development Food Security Activity program • Hawassa University • Policy in Ethiopia • Ambo University • Research • Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public health • IFPRI Flagship 4 Impact evaluation of the Takaful and • Government of Egypt • Capacity Karama cash transfer program • IFPRI • Delivery • Policy • Research 51 Lead flagship Brief description of partnership aims List of key partners in partnership Main area of partnership Flagship 4 Impact evaluation of conflict and food • Institute of Development Studies • Policy assistance on food-insecure populations in • World Food Programme • Research Mali • IFPRI Flagship 4 Impact evaluation of the Improved Maternity • Government of Bangladesh • Capacity and Lactating Mother Allowance and • World Food Programme • Delivery Vulnerable Group Development programs • Cornell University • Policy • IFPRI • Research Flagship 5 Capacity building to convene and sustain • International Land Coalition • Capacity multistakeholder platforms to accelerate • Collaborating for Resilience • Delivery progress in reforming and implementing • ForestAction - Forest Resources Studies and Action policies for people-centered land Team governance • CIFOR • ICRAF • IFPRI Flagship 5 Scaling up efforts to secure tenure, improve • Foundation for Ecological Security • Capacity governance and contribute to ecological • Collaborating for Resilience • Delivery restoration of 30 million acres of common • Arizona State University land in India • University of Colorado • Bioversity International • CIFOR • ICRAF • ICRISAT • IFPRI Flagship 5 Improved rangeland governance in Ethiopia, • National Land Use Planning Commission (Tanzania) • Capacity Tanzania and Tunisia • Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries • Delivery (Tanzania) • Ministry of Equipment, Housing and Territorial Planning (Tunisia) • Ministry of Agriculture, Hydraulic Resources and Fisheries (Tunisia) • Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources (Ethiopia) • Office d'Elevage et des Paturages (Tunisia) • Institut des Régions Arides Médenine (Tunisia) • International Fund for Agricultural Development • International Land Coalition • ICARDA • IFPRI 52 Lead flagship Brief description of partnership aims List of key partners in partnership Main area of partnership Flagship 5 Improving capacities and tools to address • Universidad Nacional Agraria (Peru) • Capacity the challenges of formalization and tenure • Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú • Delivery security of native communities in Peru • FAO • Outreach • Global Environment Facility • Research • European Union • International Fund for Agricultural Development • CIFOR Flagship 5 Assessment of the community forest • ACOFOP – Association of Forest Communities of • Delivery concessions in the Maya Biosphere Petén (Guatemala) • Outreach Reserve, Guatemala • CONAP – National Council for Protected Areas • Research (Guatemala) • Rainforest Alliance • CIFOR • ICRAF Flagship 6 Management and coordination of the • Royal Tropical Institute • Capacity Gender Platform • University of Oxford • Delivery • IFPRI • Outreach • ILRI • Research • WorldFish Flagship 6 Tools to analyze women’s involvement in • University of Central Asia • Capacity intrahousehold decision making • Westminster International University, Tashkent, • Research Uzbekistan • CIAT • ICARDA • IFPRI Flagship 6 Building a research agenda on cash • London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine • Capacity transfers and intimate partner violence • University of North Carolina • Outreach • Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health • Research • United Nations Children's Fund • IFPRI Flagship 6 Piloting the Women’s Empowerment in • Government of Bangladesh • Capacity Agriculture Index for Value Chains in • African Union Development Agency-New Partnership • Policy Bangladesh, Benin, Malawi and the for Africa’s Development (AUDA-NEPAD) • Research Philippines • Millennium Challenge Corporation • Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation • USAID • GIZ 53 Lead flagship Brief description of partnership aims List of key partners in partnership Main area of partnership Flagship 6 Women’s empowerment and nutrition in • Government of Papua New Guinea • Capacity Papua New Guinea • AUSAID • Policy • University of California, Berkeley • Research • IFPRI 54 Table 9: Internal cross-CGIAR collaborations Note: Inter-Center collaborations within PIM are not listed and Centers are not listed for cross-CRP collaborations because adding these would make the table too large and messy. Two exceptions have been made for the CGIAR Foresight Report and for the Gender and Agriculture book, which involve all Centers and are highlighted in the report’s narrative sections. Name(s) of collaborating CRP(s), Brief description of the collaboration Optional: Value added, in a few words Platform(s) or Center(s) Climate change impacts on food system futures CCAFS, PIM CCAFS provides climate change modeling projections and PIM uses the information, along with other projected changes, to generate implications on food production and other outcomes All Centers participate in the CGIAR foresight report, a AfricaRice, Bioversity Each Center contributes tools and analyses to the report – CGIAR-wide initiative to inform strategic decision making International, CIAT, CIFOR, Directors from FISH, FTA, LIVESTOCK, PIM and WLE are about future food systems CIMMYT, CIP, ICARDA, Steering Committee members, along with DDGs from the ICRAF, ICRISAT, IFPRI, IITA, Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, CIP, IITA, and ILRI, IRRI, IWMI, WorldFish IWMI; various collaborations across Centers are also producing articles in high-impact journals Cross-country research on the impact of public MAIZE, PIM Each team brings to bear their unique expertise and investments in agricultural research and agriculture on comparative advantage, PIM on the impacts of public agricultural performance in the maize sector and for other investments in agriculture and MAIZE on the maize/other cereals cereals' sectors Policy and regulatory options for strengthening seed Gender Platform, PIM, RTB RTB leads studies on successful models for seed systems, systems for vegetatively propagated crops; gender PIM leads studies on policy and regulatory issues, and the dynamics in seed systems Gender Platform leads studies on gender dynamics in seed systems Seed business development for maize MAIZE, PIM PIM brings in policy dimensions and analytical frameworks to MAIZE investments in the seed sector Impact of advisory services on agroforestry adoption in FTA, PIM PIM is complementing an FTA project by adding a component Peru to test alternative approaches to formulating advice on agroforestry practices Impact of the revision of the Multilateral System of Access Genebanks Platform, PIM Genebanks provides technical guidance and data and PIM and Benefit Sharing of plant genetic resources funds the econometric analysis Analysis of distortions in rice value chains PIM, RICE PIM generates distortion data and RICE invests in their analysis and implications Insights on markets, policy and nutrition in Bangladesh – A4NH, PIM PIM supports social protection and markets research, while In 2019, publication of the book The Making of a Blue Bangladesh is a focal country for A4NH - The synergies are Revolution in Bangladesh and of a study on well-being and facilitated by IFPRI's Bangladesh Country Program, which food safety outcomes in dairy value chains provides outreach support to both CRPs Agriculture-nutrition linkages, cooking-time, intrahousehold A4NH, PIM Each CRP provides complementary insights into the article’s equality among women and children: Evidence from subject areas Tajikistan 55 Name(s) of collaborating CRP(s), Brief description of the collaboration Optional: Value added, in a few words Platform(s) or Center(s) Household dietary patterns and the cost of a nutritious diet A4NH, PIM Each CRP provides complementary insights into the article’s in Myanmar subject areas Research on reducing the costs of nutritious foods in A4NH, PIM PIM provides methods and resources for the production and Ethiopia value chain study, A4NH helped to inform focus crops and is conducting complementary work on the food environment and diets Postharvest losses (hermetic storage bags in Ethiopia with MAIZE, PIM, RTB Unified methodology to measure losses, coordinated pilot MAIZE and managing postharvest losses in potatoes and interventions to reduce losses sweetpotatoes with RTB) Book Value Chain Development and The Poor: Promise, MAIZE, PIM Collection of new and previously published papers on value Delivery and Opportunities for Increased Impact at Scale chain development and the poor – The book will contain (to be published in 2020) various PIM-funded papers Livestock value chains in small ruminants in East Africa LIVESTOCK, PIM LIVESTOCK brings technical expertise on livestock and and cattle in West Africa baseline sectoral data, PIM supplements data collection and contributes methods to deepen the analyses Cross-CGIAR engagement on value chains A4NH, Big Data Platform, PIM workshop to improve the coordination of CGIAR’s work CCAFS, FTA, FISH, Gender on value chains through the CGIAR community of practice, Platform, GLDC, LIVESTOCK, revamped Toos4valuechains.org website, collaborative MAIZE, PIM, RICE, RTB, studies on efficiency and employment in value chains, new WHEAT research call on food quality through co-investments with other CRPs Use of smartphone pictures to develop applications for Big Data Platform, PIM PIM invests in the development of a picture-based insurance insurance and advisory services product; the co-investment with Big Data helps test the development of a business case and scale up Learning Platform for Agricultural Insurance CCAFS, PIM CGIAR community of practice on weather-related agricultural insurance Interaction between social protection programs and PIM, RTB The RTB team brings a thorough understanding of the interventions on agriculture and nutrition in Peru government systems and cultural contexts, while the IFPRI team brings expertise on impact assessment of social protection programs Policy dialogue and capacity building for rangeland LIVESTOCK, PIM LIVESTOCK brings in expertise on land use planning of management and land use planning in pastoral areas in rangelands and PIM brings in attention to gender, tenure and Ethiopia, Tanzania and Tunisia governance Joint planning of initiatives for restoring degraded FTA, PIM, WLE Synergy between PIM’s focus on strengthening landscape- landscapes in India, Kenya and Uganda level governance, policies and gender dimensions and the focus of WLE and FTA on technical and institutional interventions related to soil, water and forest resources 56 Name(s) of collaborating CRP(s), Brief description of the collaboration Optional: Value added, in a few words Platform(s) or Center(s) Synthesis of evidence of economic benefits from FTA, PIM Each CRP provided funds for the study of some of the community forest concessions at household, community concessions and national levels in the Maya Biosphere Reserve, Guatemala and dissemination to government and other stakeholders Games on collective action to improve governance of PIM, WLE The use of collective action games by ICRISAT and IFPRI to common resources in India: research methods and improve collective water management was piloted under capacity building WLE, and has been expanded under PIM to cover other types of resources (e.g. forest management) and create an online resource center – In addition to expanding the reach of games as an intervention, PIM is examining ways of measuring the social learning effect of games Synthesis on the effectiveness of multistakeholder FTA, LIVESTOCK, PIM, WLE PIM provides support for the compilation and synthesis, platforms drawing upon case studies supported by the other CRPs Further development of tools tailored to different types of A4NH, PIM A4NH contributes to the development of the project-level users based on the Women's Empowerment in Agriculture WEAI (Pro-WEAI) and PIM to the development of the Index Abbreviated WEAI (A-WEAI) and WEAI for value chains (WEAIVC) Women’s empowerment and mobile phone data in Big Data Platform, Gender Platforms work together to assess whether mobile data can Uganda Platform, PIM be used as predictors for women’s empowerment Research on gender roles and decision making in value GLDC, PIM, WHEAT Co-investment to produce joint outputs chains in Egypt, Jordan and Uzbekistan Analyses of joint decision making about agricultural A4NH, CCAFS, PIM, RICE PIM funded a synthesis of lessons from studies funded by the production in households of Nicaragua and Colombia three other CRPs Preparation of Special Issue on gender in seed systems Gender Platform, GLDC, Production of a joint output following a PIM call for research LIVESTOCK, PIM, RICE, RTB proposals Gender Platform's 2018-2020 grants on the feminization of CCAFS, FTA, LIVESTOCK, Co-investment to produce joint outputs agriculture MAIZE, PIM, RTB, WHEAT, WLE Publication on cross-CGIAR gender research that aims to Africa Rice, Bioversity Co-authorship of nine thematic chapters; leadership by the rethink gender research and craft a forward-looking International, CIAT, CIFOR, Gender Platform research agenda CIMMYT, CIP, ICRAF, ICRISAT, IFPRI, IITA, ILRI, IRRI, IWMI, WorldFish 57 Table 10: Monitoring, evaluation, learning and impact assessment (MELIA) Type of Studies/learning exercises Links to MELIA publications, Status study Description planned for this year comments or activity Contribution of foresight This study identified users of foresight tools, data and Assessment of Outcomes Based Qualitative tools and outputs to policy outputs and followed up through surveys and interviews on the Use of PIM-Supported Complete outcome and program decision to document uses of foresight research in decision Foresight Modeling Work, 2012- study making making and other outcomes. 2018 The purpose of this study, which uses mainly information Analysis of CGIAR included in CRPs’ and platforms’ annual reports, is to Other MELIA Started in 2019, to be completed innovations and policy Extended assess CGIAR policy contributions across thematic and activity in 2020 contributions geographical areas and to identify ways in which collaboration could be strengthened. This study uses existing data from different waves of household surveys to assess changes in purchases of Impact assessment of the Ex post seed through the Ethiopia Direct Seed Marketing Planned for Designed in 2019, to be Ethiopia Direct Seed impact program as well as the effects of the program on 2020 implemented in 2020 Marketing program assessment productivity. Qualitative interviews of stakeholders will be conducted to analyze levels of satisfaction and remaining concerns with the program. The accuracy of gender scores for PIM 2018 and 2019 Retrospective assessment peer-reviewed publications will be assessed. In addition, To be delivered in 2020 (will Other MELIA of PIM’s gender work in Extended the study will include a synthesis of lessons learned on assess both the 2018 and 2019 activities 2018-2019 gender issues and make recommendations for improving gender work) PIM gender research in the future portfolio This external evaluation (qualitative study relying on desk Postponed in order to follow the Assessment of resource Qualitative review, surveys and interviews) aims to identify completion of synthesis work tenure and governance Extended outcome successes, outcomes and impacts from PIM’s Flagship 5 undertaken by the research outcomes study research as well as missed opportunities, with a view to team strengthen this type of research in OneCGIAR. This study identifies users of national economywide Contribution of social modeling tools (CGE models), data (social accounting accounting matrices‘ Qualitative matrices) and outputs (publications) and follows up databases, economy-wide Extended outcome Ongoing, to be delivered in 2020 through surveys and interviews to document uses of tools and outputs to policy study economywide modeling research in decision making and and program decision making other outcomes. 58 Table 11: Update on actions taken in response to relevant evaluations Status of Name of the Rec. Text of recommendation response Concrete actions taken for this recommendation By whom When evaluation # to this rec. PIM Evaluation 7 PIM should support a vibrant Ongoing Following the PIM-organized cross-CGIAR workshop on PMU, Flagship 2019-2020 (Independent and innovative research political economy research in September 2019, PIM issued 2 team Evaluation program on the interface a call for proposals on the political economy of food system Arrangement, between science and policy. transformation. Three grants were awarded, for a total 2015) amount of $155K. At the PIM 2019 “extended team” meeting, fifteen participants from ten Centers took part in a “research lab” session to discuss opportunities for enhanced c ollaboration on political economy research across CGIAR. In 2019, PIM and the SMO launched a study to analyze the PMU, SMO 2019-2020 2018 policy outcomes reported by CRPs and Platforms to identify ways in which support for policy outcomes could be better coordinated. A collaboration with WorldFish started for PIM to support the PMU, 2019 efforts of WorldFish on policy engagement. WorldFish PIM Evaluation 8 PIM should support more Ongoing In 2019 PIM convened three cross-cutting events for PMU, flagship 2019 (Independent opportunities for intellectual building social science capacity in CGIAR: the Seeds of teams, Gender Evaluation exchange and a greater Change conference with the Australian Centre for Platform Arrangement, diversity of scholarly disciplines International Agricultural Research and the University of 2015) to expand the choice of Canberra; the XVII Biennial Conference of the International research topics, designs, and Association for the Study of the Commons; and a workshop methods. on political economy for improved policy analysis and implementation in CGIAR. In addition, PIM hosted an invited panel on the role of institutional capacity development in Africa’s agricultural transformation at the African Association of Agricultural Economists in Abuja, Nigeria. Flagship/research teams are regularly holding meetings PMU, flagship 2017-2020 focused on research topics and design. teams, Gender Platform Diversity of scholarly disciplines is one of the factors taken PMU, 2019-2020 into consideration for replacing two outgoing members of the Management PIM Independent Steering Committee in 2020. Committee, IFPRI Director, IFPRI Board of Trustees 59 Status of Name of the Rec. Text of recommendation response Concrete actions taken for this recommendation By whom When evaluation # to this rec. PIM Evaluation 9 PIM and its flagships should Ongoing Two key cross-CRP outputs will come out in 2020: a Flagships 1 2018-2020 (Independent adopt a more strategic foresight report and a publication on gender and agriculture. and 6, Gender Evaluation approach to collaborating with Platform, PMU Arrangement, other CRPs. The Gender Platform hosted in PIM’s Flagship 6 in 2017- Gender 2017-2019 2015) 2019 successfully grew gender research collaboration Platform, between CRPs. Flagship 6 PIM continues to foster the development of a CGIAR Value Flagship 3, 2018-2020 Chains community of practice (workshop held in October PMU 2019, revamped Tools4valuechains website, ongoing review of CGIAR contributions to the discourse on value chains development). A new collaboration started with A4NH on interventions that Flagship 3, 2019-2020 contribute to improving food quality and efficiency in PMU production and marketing to help reduce the costs of nutritious foods, with focus on Ethiopia. The collaboration with FTA and WLE on landscape Flagship 5 2019-2020 restoration was strengthened. A set of studies were launched around the common theme Flagship 3 2019-2020 of enhancing food quality in value chains in collaboration with A4NH, FISH, RTB and WHEAT. PIM Evaluation 10 PIM should formulate an Ongoing PIM commissioned a paper by the IFPRI Capacity PMU 2018-2020 (Independent explicit capacity strengthening Development Unit to reflect on the strategic ways in which Evaluation strategy to be implemented in PIM can build capacity for impact. A draft was produced at Arrangement, conjunction with its Lead the end of 2019; given the programmed end of CRPs in 2015) Center, IFPRI. 2021, this paper is being reworked to reflect a broader CGIAR perspective. PIM Evaluation 11 The leaders of the three major Ongoing Collaboration between the PIM IMPACT and national Flagships 1, 2 2018-2019 (Independent modeling teams in IFPRI economywide CGE modeling teams resulted in a joint 2019 and 3 Evaluation should explore possible paper on climate change effects in Ethiopia. Arrangement, synergies in their work and 2015) broaden their communities of practice. 60 Status of Name of the Rec. Text of recommendation response Concrete actions taken for this recommendation By whom When evaluation # to this rec. PIM Evaluation 12 PIM should strongly support Cancelled A period of several years of piloting showed that the hubs PMU, Flagship 2017-2020 (Independent the new regional hubs on value struggled to fulfill their originally intended mandate of 3, other CRPs Evaluation chains that are being pilot- outreach to implementation partners. After internal review Arrangement, tested during the extension and discussion with the hubs’ partners, it was agreed that 2015) phase. the concept should be rethought. The PIM value chains team is now seeking stronger linkages with implementation partners through strengthened collaboration with other CRPs. This revised approach of outreach on value chains methods and applications started to be implemented in 2018. PIM Evaluation 13 PIM should explore the extent Ongoing PIM stands ready to assist CRPs and Centers on trade PMU, 2016-2019 (Independent to which other Centers or issues. In 2018-2019 PIM collaborated with IRRI and RICE Flagship 3 Evaluation CRPs have unmet needs for to address distortions in the global rice value chain. At this Arrangement, trade analysis that PIM could point, no other request for assistance has been received 2015) provide through different types and no evidence of unmet needs has been reported. of collaboration. PIM Evaluation 14 Flagships 1 and 4 should Ongoing Flagship 1 includes a significant body of research to PMU, 2016-2019 (Independent increase their attention to understand the gender implications of innovative extension Flagships 1 Evaluation gender issues by building on methods, some of which are intended to reduce gender and 4 Arrangement, the innovative ways in which gaps. Several 2019 products of Flagship 4 have a strong 2015) some of their activities are focus on gender through analysis of gender-sensitive design already addressing gender of social protection interventions and of gender dimensions issues. of outcomes on nutrition, health and well-being. PIM Evaluation 15 PIM should complete its plans Completed Since 2017, following completion of the annual reporting PMU, 2017-2020 (Independent to put in place a monitoring cycle, PIM’s gender team undertakes an ex post review of Flagship 6 Evaluation system to track the level of PIM deliverables with attention to gender in order to validate Arrangement, attention to gender issues and the consistency between planning and reporting and share 2015) to validate the claims that the lessons learned with the PIM team. A joint analysis of the activity proposals and annual 2018 and 2019 deliverables will be undertaken in early progress reports make in 2020. relation to gender. Starting in 2020 the Flagship 6 team will systematically PMU, 2020 review the inputs from the flagship teams and PMU on the Flagship 6 gender scoring of PIM’s milestones, policy contributions and outcome/impact case reports as part of the reporting process. 61 Status of Name of the Rec. Text of recommendation response Concrete actions taken for this recommendation By whom When evaluation # to this rec. Ex-Post Impact N/A This evaluation emphasized Ongoing Examples of such influence include the role of the social Flagships 4 2018 Assessment the need for the social protection team in influencing the prioritization of research and 6 Review of protection research team to be on intimate partner violence through the creation of a IFPRI’s more visible in global research Collaborative on that topic. Research discussions so as to contribute At the IFPRI-FAO conference “Accelerating the End of Program on more to agenda setting. Hunger and Malnutrition: A Global Event” in November 2018 Social in Bangkok, Flagship 4 researchers contributed a side event Protection, on humanitarian assistance, a keynote address (“Food Flagship 4 2018 2000–2012 security in protracted refugee situations”), and a panel (2015) discussion (“Social safety nets and integrated nutrition programs”). The Flagship 4 leader now serves as an advisor to World Vision (one of the largest international NGOs supporting humanitarian assistance globally), as a member of World Flagship 4 2018-2020 Vision’s Research Advisory Council for the Food Security and Livelihoods Sector. Balancing N/A This evaluation emphasized Ongoing The ASTI strategy for 2018-2022 focuses on demand-driven Flagship 1 2018-2019 International the importance of identifying research collaboration and considers a diverse set of Public Goods national demand and delivery mechanisms to inform policy. and opportunities for moving The PIM foresight team increasingly engages with national Flagship 1 2018-2019 Accountability: research into policy decision makers to enhance the impact of the foresight- Exploring the deliberations at critical times, related global databases and models, as shown by the 2019 Impact of for international public good external assessment of outcomes based on the PIM- IFPRI’s Policy research to be impactful at the supported foresight work. Research on country level. Science, Technology, and Innovation (2016) IEA Evaluation 2 Centers and CRPs should base Ongoing The IFPRI Capacity Development Unit was more formally PMU 2018-2019 of Capacity their medium-term capacity integrated into PIM, with the organization of a capacity Development development plans on clear building event in Bhutan with policy makers in November activities of capacity development strategies 2018. CGIAR (2017) and incorporate capacity A draft strategy paper was produced at the end of 2019; PMU 2019-2020 development more consistently given the programmed end of CRPs in 2021, this paper is into their theories of change. being reworked to reflect a broader CGIAR perspective. 62 Status of Name of the Rec. Text of recommendation response Concrete actions taken for this recommendation By whom When evaluation # to this rec. IEA Evaluation N/A There was good evidence of Ongoing Some of PIM’s organizational capacity strengthening Various 2017-2019 of Capacity the effectiveness of individual support is directed towards long-term cumulative effects. flagships Development CD interventions and This includes ASTI’s partnership with the Asia-Pacific activities of programs, but little evidence of Association of Agricultural Research Institutions, CGIAR (2017) cumulative effects to collaborations with research and government agencies in strengthen organizational and Bangladesh, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria and Pakistan, institutional capacity in and with longstanding partner Foundation for Ecological agricultural research and Security in India under the landscape restoration initiative development. with FTA and WLE. Evaluation of 5 CRPs should refresh and Ongoing The Flagship 6 team holds annual workshops to identify PMU, 2017-2019 Gender in refocus their gender strategies research gaps and priorities. This includes alignment and Flagship 6 Research and in and/or future work plans, as partnership with the Gender Platform. CGIAR relevant, to ensure alignment workplace (2017) with priorities in the Gender in CGIAR Research Policy. Evaluation of 10 CRPs should invest in Ongoing See recommendation “PIM should complete its plans to put PMU, 2017-2019 Gender in improving and institutionalizing in place a monitoring system to track the level of attention to Flagship 6 Research and in systems for monitoring outputs, gender issues and to validate the claims that the activity CGIAR as well as effectiveness and proposals and annual progress reports make in relation to workplace (2017) outcomes of gender research. gender” above. Evaluation of 11 The Gender Platform should Completed These objectives were achieved by the Gender Platform. Flagship 6 2017-2019 Gender in harness the energy of the Research and gender network, while placing in CGIAR greater emphasis on workplace supporting common research (2017) priorities; joint assessment of gender research effectiveness and outcomes/impacts; fostering interdisciplinary dialogue and collaboration between gender and other researchers; supporting roll out of existing tools and methods. 63 Status of Name of the Rec. Text of recommendation response Concrete actions taken for this recommendation By whom When evaluation # to this rec. Evaluation N/A Raise the profile of the Ongoing Nutrition is one of the five new impact areas highlighted by Flagships 1, 2, 2019-2020 Netherlands- “Nutrition and health” PIM since 2019. Work in this area, previously limited to 3, 4 and 6 CGIAR partnership priority. social protection, is expanding to almost all other flagships: Strategic promoting fodder tree technology adoption for improved Partnership nutrition in Malawi (Flagship 1); studies on food system (2019) transformation and nutrition (Flagship 2); analysis of links between trade and nutritional outcomes (Flagship 3); reducing aflatoxin in Senegal’s groundnut value chains (Flagship 3); addressing the high costs of vegetables in Ethiopia in collaboration with the Dutch Embassy and SNV (Flagship 3); study on women's empowerment to bridge the gap between agriculture and nutrition in Myanmar (Flagships 1 and 6); strengthening fish value chains in Ghana and Nigeria (Flagships 1 and 3). Evaluation N/A CGIAR should have more work Ongoing In 2020 PIM is funding a study on inefficiencies and Flagships 1 2019-2020 Netherlands- and collaboration on innovations in the Ethiopian vegetable value chains, which and 3 CGIAR vegetables and minor crops will complement related work by A4NH. Discussions about Strategic and animal production systems this work involve the Dutch Embassy and SNV, who are Partnership for diversification of diets. implementing a horticulture development program in the (2019) country. Other studies on fish are underway in Ghana and Nigeria in collaboration with FISH. Evaluation N/A Further dialogue, collaboration Ongoing Plans were made at the end of 2019 to join A4NH in PMU 2019-2020 Netherlands- and capacity building on how to discussions with Wageningen University and Research CGIAR operationalize the “food (WUR) and IFPRI to explore WUR-CGIAR collaboration on Strategic systems approach”. food systems transformation. A meeting on this topic was Partnership held in January 2020. (2019) Evaluation N/A Raise the visibility of gender Ongoing The Gender Platform hosted in PIM’s Flagship 6 in 2017- Gender 2019-2020 Netherlands- equality in the work of CGIAR. 2019 significantly contributed to this. Platform, CGIAR A PIM 2019 brochure highlights several PIM studies on PMU, all 2019 Strategic gender. flagships Partnership (2019) Evaluation N/A There is still ground to cover on Ongoing In 2019, PIM funded an analysis of the scaling up Flagship 3 2019-2020 Netherlands- implementation/enabling and approaches related to value chains used by CRPs. CGIAR scaling. In October 2019, PIM co-hosted a meeting on scaling PMU 2019 Strategic CGIAR innovations with CIMMYT. Partnership PIM continues to conduct research on extension systems Flagships 1 2019-2020 (2019) and approaches, which are a key component to scaling. and 2 64 Status of Name of the Rec. Text of recommendation response Concrete actions taken for this recommendation By whom When evaluation # to this rec. Performance Std Documentation of the decision- Ongoing Documentation of the justifications for adding/withdrawing PMU, flagship 2019-2020 Management 1 making process for adding and bilateral/W3 grants to the PIM portfolio is now systematically leaders, cluster Standards withdrawing projects is filed. Due to the large number of such grants, this process leaders, project Pilot currently tracked in an Excel generates high transaction costs. leaders Assessment spreadsheet, which makes it Report, PIM easy to find records in a (November collected manner. To reach 2019) Level 4, ensure that there are explanations for each project with no gaps, and provide evidence the Program has considered implications of projects beyond basic criteria (e.g., relevance, credibility, legitimacy). Performance Std The Program should show that Ongoing In 2019 PIM issued guidelines for the PIM annual Window 1- PMU, flagship 2019-2020 Management 4 its prioritization process takes a 2 budget allocation process. Each flagship-level allocation leadership Standards clear portfolio view, and that process followed these guidelines. Information about these teams transparent systems are in processes and their outcomes (i.e., PIM 2020 allocations at place to track funding and activity level) were shared with the PIM extended team. results easily. The Program The online MARLO tool serves as the repository of may consider tracking such information about delivery of outputs and contributions to processes in a central location impact pathways; it currently does not allow for beyond emails, such as a documentation of prioritization processes. spreadsheet that records allocation decisions with criteria. Pilot Std Ensure that all links are Ongoing Links to online contents can stop working as web pages PMU 2019-2020 Assessment 5 working properly and are up to evolve. On occasions there have been issues with Report, PIM date, that all Tables (including accessibility of MARLO contents at certain times. The PMU (November the publications Table 6) have ensures that all links are working at the time of submission 2019) corresponding pieces of of the Annual Report – that is what we have control over. evidence that are clearly marked and so are easy to identify, and that evidence is publicly available. 65 Status of Name of the Rec. Text of recommendation response Concrete actions taken for this recommendation By whom When evaluation # to this rec. Performance Std Availability of Program Ongoing PIM is in compliance with this. The single exception relates PMU 2019-2020 Management 6 information (online) to the PIM Management Committee minutes, which are not Standards • To reach Level 3, ensure all for public consumption as they occasionally contain required information in this confidential information. In addition, a substantial portion of section, including meeting their contents is focused on internal matters which are of no minutes, is available online. interest outside of the PIM teams. In Phase 1 the Program This could include an internal Management Unit created a Sharepoint site to make online Management Committee minutes and other key program CGIAR system or database documents accessible to the PIM “extended team”. At the (e.g., MARLO); note that it is end of Phase 1 an assessment of this Sharepoint site not necessary to have on a revealed that it was not used enough to justify the costs of public-facing website. maintaining it. In Phase 2 the Program Management Unit (Y) Availability of Program has used Dropbox to file relevant program documentation. information (to be provided on The PIM Dropbox folder is shared with the PIM flagship request) managers, who are the main users of this information. • To reach Level 4, all Membership of the sub-folder containing Management information should be available Committee minutes could be broadened to the full “extended via link to a public or internal team” for compliance with Standard 6. website where the information is regularly updated. 66 Table 12: Examples of W1/2 use Specific examples Broad area of use of W1-2 Continued support for CGIAR foresight team and collaborative achievements on foresight modeling and outreach: articles in Partnerships high-impact journals, presentations in high-profile conferences, launch of the Global Foresight for Food and Agriculture Tool, preparation of the CGIAR foresight report. Maintenance and improvement of computable general equilibrium modeling tools and social accounting matrices to assist with Research national and development agencies’ priority setting, and update of the Statistics of Public Expenditures for Economic Development (SPEED) interactive tool (latest dataset update in 2019). Continued support to the Structural Transformation of African Agriculture and Rural Spaces program. Capacity development Workshop on “Political economy for improved policy analysis and implementation in CGIAR” with participation of staff from 12 Capacity development Centers Ag-Incentives network facilitated by IFPRI with the Food and Agriculture Organization, the Inter-American Development Bank, Partnerships the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the World Bank Platform to share data and methodologies for measuring food losses in partnership with the Food and Agriculture Organization Partnerships Cross-country comparative studies on rural transformation (book on youth and jobs in rural Africa, forthcoming book on Research mechanization), analysis of employment data from large national surveys and measurement of employment in selected value chains, including gender and age dimensions Cross-CRP engagement on value chains: workshop to improve and share research methods across CGIAR and strengthen the Partnerships CGIAR community of practice, PIM collaborative studies on quality certification and market competitiveness through co- investments with other CRPs, revamped Tools for Value Chains website Launch of research to address the high costs of nutritious foods in Ethiopia in collaboration with A4NH Research Synthesis of research on gender-differentiated outcomes from social safety net programs in Africa Research Strengthening the partnership with FTA and WLE on coordination of CGIAR collaboration with the Foundation for Ecological Partnerships Security on the Promise of the Commons initiative in India Side events and presentations by CGIAR scientists at the International Association of the Study of the Commons biannual Capacity development meeting Session on “Restoring Forests, Restoring Communities” with FTA at the Global Landscapes Forum meeting Capacity development Side event at the African Association of Agricultural Economists Conference on the role of institutional capacity development in Capacity development Africa's agricultural transformation Activities of the Gender Platform to enhance and coordinate gender research in CGIAR: webinars, newsletters, campaigns, Other cross-cutting issues cross-CRP engagement on gender dynamics in seed systems and the feminization of agriculture, investment in communities of (gender) practices and in supporting a large CGIAR presence at the Seeds of Change Conference, preparation of a landmark publication on CGIAR research on gender Impact assessment studies led by the Program Management Unit: analyses of outcomes from PIM-supported foresight Other Monitoring, learning, research; study of the outcomes from the use of economywide models and datasets (to be completed in 2020); joint study with evaluation and impact the SMO of policy outcomes reported by CRPs and platforms (to be completed in 2020) assessment (MELIA) Contribution to the improvement of the Monitoring Agricultural Research for Learning and Outcomes (MARLO) management Other Monitoring, learning, information system evaluation and impact assessment (MELIA) 67 Table 13: CRP financial report Amounts in USD (thousands) Planned budget 2019* Actual expenditure 2019** Difference (planned - actual) W3/ W3/ W3/ W1-2 Total W1-2 Total W1-2 Total bilateral bilateral bilateral FP1: Technological Innovation and 4,018 9,217 13,235 3,627 9,716 13,343 390 -499 -109 Sustainable Intensification FP2: Economywide Factors Affecting Agricultural Growth and 2,882 20,713 23,595 2,706 21,814 24,520 176 -1,101 -925 Rural Transformation FP3: Inclusive and Efficient Value 3,459 7,958 11,417 3,196 3,359 6,555 263 4,599 4,862 Chains FP4: Social Protection for 1,478 2,523 4,001 1,362 3,387 4,749 116 -864 -748 Agriculture and Resilience FP5: Governance of Natural 1,996 2,694 4,689 2,008 1,659 3,667 -12 1,035 1,023 Resources FP6: Cross-cutting Gender 3,492 1,702 5,195 2,137 1,141 3,278 1,356 561 1,917 Research and Coordination CRP management & support Cost 2,637 0 2,637 2,078 0 2,078 559 0 559 Total 19,962 44,806 64,769 17,114 41,076 58,190 2,848 3,731 6,579 * Source: PIM Plan of Work and Budget 2019. Planned Window 3 and bilateral expenditures reflected firm or likely commitments at the time of the POWB. ** Source: Participating Centers’ year-end reports consolidated by PIM. 68 Part C: Additional evidence to be submitted through Management Information Systems or as indicated Evidence A: Full list of policy contributions In MARLO Evidence B: Full list of innovations In MARLO Evidence C: Outcomes and milestones In MARLO 69 Evidence D: Full list of peer-reviewed journal articles Detailed references and links available here Author(s) Article title Journal title Agus, Fahmuddin; Andrade, José F.; Rattalino Edreira, Juan I.; Yield gaps in intensive rice-maize cropping sequences in the humid Field Crops Research Deng, Nanyan; Purwantomo, Dwi K.G.; Agustiani, Nurwulan; tropics of Indonesia Aristya, Vina E.; Batubara, Siti F.; Herniwati; Hosang, Evert Y.; Krisnadi, Leonardus Y.; Makka, Andarias; Samijan; Cenacchi, Nicola; Wiebe, Keith D.; Grassini, Patricio Alderman, Harold; Behrman, Jere R.; Tasneem, Afia The contribution of increased equity to the estimated social benefits World Bank Economic from a transfer program: An illustration from Review PROGRESA/Oportunidades Ambler, Kate; de Brauw, Alan; Godlonton, Susan Cash transfers and management advice for agriculture: Evidence from World Bank Economic Senegal Review Arndt, Channing; Arent, Doug; Hartley, Faaiqa; Merven, Bruno; Faster than you think: Renewable energy and developing countries Annual Review of Mondal, Md. Hossain Alam Resource Economics Arndt, Channing; Chinowsky, Paul; Fant, Charles; Paltsev, Climate change and developing country growth: the cases of Malawi, Climatic Change Sergey; Schlosser, Adam; Strzepek, Kenneth; Tarp, Finn; Mozambique, and Zambia Thurlow, James Arndt, Channing; Henley, Giles; Hartley, Faaiqa Bioenergy in Southern Africa: An opportunity for regional integration? Development Southern Africa Aurino, Elisabetta; Tranchant, Jean-Pierre; Diallo, Amadou School feeding or general food distribution? Quasi-experimental Journal of Development Sekou; Gelli, Aulo evidence on the educational impacts of emergency food assistance Studies during conflict in Mali Bachewe, Fantu Nisrane; Minten, Bart; Taffesse, Alemayehu Farmers’ grain storage and losses in Ethiopia: Measures and Journal of Agricultural and Seyoum; Pauw, Karl; Cameron, Alethia; Endaylalu, Tirsit Genye associates Food Industrial Organization Bachewe, Fantu Nisrane; Regassa, Mekdim Dereje; Minten, Bart; The transforming value chain of Ethiopia’s “orphan” tef crop Planta Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum; Tamru, Seneshaw; Hassen, Ibrahim Worku Bahri, Haithem; Annabi, Mohamed; M'Hamed, Hatem Cheikh; Assessing the long-term impact of conservation agriculture on wheat- Science of The Total Frija, Aymen based systems in Tunisia using APSIM simulations under a climate Environment change context Bakhshinyan, Elmira; Molinas, Luca; Alderman, Harold Assessing poverty alleviation through social protection: School meals Global Food Security and family benefits in a middle-income country Balana, Bedru B.; Sanfo, Safietou; Barbier, Bruno; Williams, Assessment of flood recession agriculture for food security in Agricultural Systems Timothy O.; Kolavalli, Shashidhara Northern Ghana: An optimization modelling approach 70 Author(s) Article title Journal title Bathla, Seema; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Kumar, Anjani Targeting agricultural investments and input subsidies in low-income European Journal of lagging regions of India Development Research Beach, Robert H.; Sulser, Timothy B.; Crimmins, Allison; Combining the effects of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on Lancet Planetary Health Cenacchi, Nicola; Cole, Jefferson protein, iron, and zinc availability and projected climate change on global diets: a modelling study Bell, Andrew; Ward, Patrick S.; Tamal, Md. Ehsanul Haque; Assessing recall bias and measurement error in high-frequency social Population and Killilea, Mary E. data collection for human-environment research Environment Bernard, Tanguy; Doss, Cheryl R.; Hidrobo, Melissa; Hoel, Ask me why: Patterns of intrahousehold decision-making World Development Jessica B.; Kieran, Caitlin Bi, Jieying; Chen, Kevin Z. Experience of international poverty targeting and its implications for World Agriculture China Bi, Jieying; Liu, Chengfang; Li, Shaoping; He, Zhenya; Chen, Dietary diversity among preschoolers: A cross-sectional study in poor, Nutrients Kevin Z.; Luo, Renfu; Wang, Zimeiyi; Yu, Yanying; Xu, Haiquan rural, and ethnic minority areas of Central South China Bouët, Antoine; Métivier, Jeanne Is the dispute settlement system, “jewel in the WTO’s crown”, beyond Review of World reach of developing countries? Economics Breisinger, Clemens; Mukashov, Askar; Raouf, Mariam; Wiebelt, Energy subsidy reform for growth and equity in Egypt: The approach Energy Policy Manfred matters Brooks, Karen; Place, Frank M. Global food systems: Can foresight learn from hindsight? Global Food Security Ceballos, Francisco; Kramer, Berber; Robles, Miguel The feasibility of Picture-Based Insurance (PBI): Smartphone pictures Development Engineering for affordable crop insurance Chamberlin, Jordan; Jayne, T. S. Does farm structure affect rural household incomes? Evidence from Food Policy Tanzania Chaminuka, Petronella; Beintema, Nienke M.; Flaherty, Kathleen; Public agricultural research and development spending in South Agrekon Liebenberg, Frikkie Africa – update Chen, Joyce J.; Kosec, Katrina; Mueller, Valerie Temporary and permanent migrant selection: Theory and evidence of Review of Development ability‐search cost dynamics Economics Chen, Kevin Z.; Bi, Jieying; Nie, Fengying; Fang, Xiangming; Fan, New vision and policy recommendations for nutrition-oriented food Scientia Agricultura Sinica Shenggen security in China [In Chinese] Chen, Kevin Z.; Jieying, Bi; Guobao, Wu; Xiaojun, He; Zimeiyi, Post-2020 rural urban integrative poverty reduction strategy: Chinese Rural Economy Wang Development status, evolution, new vision and key areas Cheng, Xiaoyu; Chen, Kevin Z.; Zhang, Li Measurement and analysis of rural persistent and multidimensional China Population, poverty: Based on the census data of three administrative villages in Resources and Puding County, Guizhou in 2004 - 2017 [In Chinese] Environment Chilemba, Joanna; Ragasa, Catherine The impact on farmer incomes of a nationwide scaling up of the The European Journal of farmer business school program: Lessons and insights from central Development Research Malawi Davis, Kristin; Landini, F.; van Niekerk; Green, K.; Terblanche, S. Extension officers’ perceptions of extension and innovation in South South African Journal of E. Africa Agricultural Extension 71 Author(s) Article title Journal title de Brauw, Alan Migration out of rural areas and implications for rural livelihoods Annual Review of Resource Economics De Pinto, Alessandro; Smith, Vincent H.; Robertson, Richard D. The role of risk in the context of climate change, land use choices and Climate Research crop production: Evidence from Zambia Dedehouanou, Sènakpon F. A.; McPeak, John Diversify more or less? Household income generation strategies and Journal of Development food security in rural Nigeria Studies Deininger, Klaus; Liu, Yanyan Heterogeneous welfare impacts of National Rural Employment World Development Guarantee Scheme: Evidence from Andhra Pradesh, India Del Prete, Davide; Ghins, Léopold; Magrini, Emiliano; Pauw, Karl Land consolidation, specialization and household diets: Evidence Food Policy from Rwanda Diao, Xinshen; Kweka, Josaphat; McMillan, Margaret S.; Qureshi, Economic transformation in Africa from the bottom up: New evidence World Bank Economic Zara from Tanzania Review Diao, Xinshen; Magalhaes, Eduardo; Silver, Jed Cities and rural transformation: A spatial analysis of rural livelihoods in World Development Ghana Ditzler, Lenora; Komarek, Adam M.; Chiang, Tsai-Wei; Alvarez, A model to examine farm household trade-offs and synergies with an Agricultural Systems Stéphanie; Chatterjee, Shantonu Abe; Timler, Carl; application to smallholders in Vietnam Donovan, Jason; Blare, Trent; Peña, Meliza Multiple certification uptake by coffee businesses: Evidence of Business Strategy and functions and benefits from Central America Development Doss, Cheryl R.; Quisumbing, Agnes R. Understanding rural household behavior: Beyond boserup and becker Agricultural Economics Doss, Cheryl; Kieran, Caitlin; Kilic, Talip Measuring ownership, control, and use of assets Feminist Economics Enahoro, Dolapo; Mason-D’Croz, Daniel; Mul, Marloes; Rich, Karl Supporting sustainable expansion of livestock production in South Global Food Security M.; Robinson, Timothy P.; Thornton, Philip; Staal, Steven S. Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa: Scenario analysis of investment options Fadare, Olusegun; Amare, Mulubrhan; Mavrotas, George; Mother’s nutrition-related knowledge and child nutrition outcomes: PLOS One Akerele, Dare; Ogunniyi, Adebayo Empirical evidence from Nigeria Falk, Thomas; Kumar, Shalander; Srigiri, Srinivasa Experimental games for developing institutional capacity to manage Agricultural Water common water infrastructure in India Management Falk, Thomas; Kumar, Shalander; Srigiri, Srinivasa Public good experiment data of a water game framed to Data in Brief Rajasthan/India Figueroa, Jose Luis; Kurdi, Sikandra Ex post adjustment for measurement error in stunting calculations: An Public Health Nutrition illustration from Egypt Filipski, Mateusz J.; Jin, Ling; Zhang, Xiaobo; Chen, Kevin Z. Living like there's no tomorrow: The psychological effects of an European Economic earthquake on savings and spending behavior Review Gassner, Anja; Harris, D.; Mausch, K.; Terheggen, A.; Lopes, C.; Poverty eradication and food security through agriculture in Africa: Outlook on Agriculture Finlayson, R. F.; Dobie, P. Rethinking objectives and entry points Gbegbelegbe, Sika; Alene, Arega; Kamara, Alpha; Wiebe, Ex‐ante evaluation of promising soybean innovations for sub‐Saharan Food and Energy Security Keith D.; Manyong, Victor M.; Abdoulaye, Tahirou; Mkandawire, Africa Petros 72 Author(s) Article title Journal title Gilligan Daniel School feeding reduces anemia prevalence in adolescent girls and Journal of Nutrition other vulnerable household members in a cluster randomized controlled trial in Uganda Gilligan, Daniel; Karachiwalla, Naureen; Kasirye, Ibrahim; Lucas, Educator incentives and educational triage in rural primary schools Journal of Human Adrienne M.; Neal, Derek Resources Hatab, Assem Abu; Cavinato, Maria Eduarda Rigo; Lindemer, Urban sprawl, food security and agricultural systems in developing Cities August; Lagerkivst, Carl-Johan countries: A systematic review of the literature Heath, Rachel; Hidrobo, Melissa; Roy, Shalini Cash transfers, polygamy, and intimate partner violence: Journal of Development Experimental evidence from Mali Economics Janssens, Charlotte; Van den Broeck, Goedele; Maertens, Miet; What if mothers are entrepreneurs? Non-farm businesses and child Journal of Rural Studies Lambrecht, Isabel schooling in rural Ghana Jayne, T. S.; Muyanga, Milu; Wineman, Ayala; Ghebru, Hosaena; Are medium‐scale farms driving agricultural transformation in sub‐ Agricultural Economics Stevens, Caleb Saharan Africa? Jayne, T.S.; Snapp, Sieglinda; Place, Frank M.; Sitko, Nicholas Sustainable agricultural intensification in an era of rural transformation Global Food Security in Africa Joglekar, Alison K. B.; Wood-Sichra, Ulrike; Pardey, Philip G. Pixelating crop production: Consequences of methodological choices PLoS ONE Kassie, Girma T.; Wubie, Rahel Solomon; Tokgoz, Simla; Policy-induced price distortions along the small ruminant value chains Journal of Agribusiness in Majeed, Fahd; Yitayih, Mulugeta; Rischkowsky, Barbara in Ethiopia Developing and Emerging Economies Keovilignavong, Oulavanh; Suhardiman, Diana Linking land tenure security with food security: Unpacking farm Land Use Policy households’ perceptions and strategies in the rural uplands of Laos Kiptot, Evelyne; Franzel, Steven Developing sustainable farmer-to-farmer extension: Experiences from International Journal of the volunteer farmer–trainer approach in Kenya Agricultural Sustainability Komarek, Adam M.; De Pinto, Alessandro; Smith, Vincent H. A review of types of risks in agriculture: What we know and what we Agricultural Systems need to know Komarek, Adam M.; Kwon, Hoyoung; Haile, Beliyou; Thierfelder, From plot to scale: Ex-ante assessment of conservation agriculture in Agricultural Systems Christian; Mutenje, Munyaradzi J.; Azzarri, Carlo Zambia Komarek, Adam M.; Msangi, Siwa Effect of changes in population density and crop productivity on farm Agricultural Economics households in Malawi Komarek, Adam M.; Thurlow, James; Koo, Jawoo; De Pinto, Economywide effects of climate‐smart agriculture in Ethiopia Agricultural Economics Alessandro Komatsu, Hitomi; Malapit, Hazel J.; Balagamwala, Mysbah Gender effects of agricultural cropping work and nutrition status in PLoS ONE Tanzania Kosec, Katrina; Mogues, Tewodaj Public investment choices by local and central governments World Bank Economic Review Kouser, Shahzad; Spielman, David J.; Qaim, Matin Transgenic cotton and farmers’ health in Pakistan PLoS ONE 73 Author(s) Article title Journal title Kramer, Berber; Kunst, David Intertemporal choice and income regularity: Non-fungibility in the Journal of Development timing of income among Kenyan farmers Studies Kumar, Anjani; Mishra, Ashok K.; Saroj, Sunil; Joshi, Pramod Impact of traditional versus modern dairy value chains on food Food Policy Kumar security: Evidence from India’s dairy sector Lamm, Kevan W.; Lamm, Alexa J.; Davis, Kristin; Swaroop, B. Identifying information and communication technology use capacity Journal of International Jyothi; Edgar, Leslie D. needs of extension networks Agricultural and Extension Education Li, Zihan; Gong, Yazhen; Chen, Kevin Z. Energy use and rural poverty: empirical evidence from potato farmers China Agricultural in northern China Economic Review Libert Amico, Antoine; Ituarte-Lima, Claudia; Elmqvist, Thomas Learning from social–ecological crisis for legal resilience building: Sustainability Science Multi-scale dynamics in the coffee rust epidemic Mann, Michael L.; Warner, James M.; Malik, Arun S. Predicting high-magnitude, low-frequency crop losses using machine Climatic Change learning: An application to cereal crops in Ethiopia Martin, Will Economic growth, convergence, and agricultural economics Agricultural Economics Martin, Will; Pham, Cong S. Estimating the gravity model when zero trade flows are frequent and Applied Economics economically determined Mason-D'Croz, Daniel; Bogard, Jessica R.; Sulser, Timothy B.; Gaps between fruit and vegetable production, demand, and Lancet Planetary Health Cenacchi, Nicola; Dunston, Shahnila; Herrero, Mario; Wiebe, recommended consumption at global and national levels: An Keith D. integrated modelling study Maystadt, Jean-Francois; Hirvonen, Kalle; Mabiso, Athur; Impacts of hosting forced migrants in poor countries Annual Review of Vandercasteelen, Joachim Resource Economics Mogues, Tewodaj; Mueller, Valerie; Kondylis, Florence Cost-effectiveness of community-based gendered advisory services to PLOS One farmers: Analysis in Mozambique and Tanzania Mueller, Valerie; Masias, Ian; Vallury, Sechindra Labor‐saving technologies and structural transformation in northern Agricultural Economics Ghana Mueller, Valerie; Sheriff, Glenn; Dou, Xiaoya; Gray, Clark Temporary migration and climate variation in Eastern Africa World Development Muyanga, Milu; Jayne, Thomas S. Revisiting the farm size-productivity relationship based on a relatively American Journal of wide range of farm sizes: Evidence from Kenya Agricultural Economics Najjar, Dina; Baruah, Bipasha; El Garhi, Aman Women, irrigation and social norms in Egypt: ‘The more things Water Policy change, the more they stay the same?’ Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Ogunniyi, Adebayo; Oguntegbe, Welfare impact of globalization in developing countries: Examining the Economies Kunle Francis; Raji, Ibrahim Oluwole; Ogundari, Kolawole mediating role of human capital Padmaja, Ravula; Pramanik, Soumitra; Pingali, Prabhu; Bantilan, Understanding nutritional outcomes through gendered analysis of Global Food Security Cynthia; Kavitha, Kasala time-use patterns in semi-arid India Pal, Barun Deb; Saroj, Sunil Do improved agricultural practices boost farm productivity? The Agricultural Economics evidence from Karnataka, India Research Review Parkes, Ben; Higginbottom, Thomas P.; Hufkens, Koen; Ceballos, Weather dataset choice introduces uncertainty to estimates of crop Environmental Research Francisco; Kramer, Berber; Foster, Tim yield responses to climate variability and change Letters 74 Author(s) Article title Journal title Petsakos, Athanasios; Prager, Steven D.; Gonzalez, Carlos Understanding the consequences of changes in the production Global Food Security Eduardo; Gama, Arthur Chibwana; Sulser, Timothy B. frontiers for roots, tubers and bananas Pixley, Kevin V.; Falck-Zepeda, José Benjamin; Giller, Ken, E.; Genome editing, gene drives, and synthetic biology: Will they Annual Review of Glenna, Leland, L.; Gould, Fred; Mallory-Smith, Carol; Stelly, contribute to disease-resistant crops, and who will benefit? Phytopathology David, M.; Stewart, C. Neal Pradhan, Rajendra; Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela; Theis, Sophie Property rights, intersectionality, and women's empowerment in Nepal Journal of Rural Studies Quisumbing, Agnes R.; Ahmed, Akhter; Gilligan, Daniel; Randomized controlled trials of multi-sectoral programs: Lessons from World Development Hoddinott, John F.; Kumar, Neha; Leroy, Jef L.; Menon, Purnima; development research Olney, Deanna K.; Roy, Shalini; Ruel, Marie T. Ragasa, Catherine; Aberman, Noora-Lisa; Alvarez Mingote, Does providing agricultural and nutrition information to both men and Global Food Security Cristina women improve household food security? Evidence from Malawi Resnick, Danielle The politics of crackdowns on Africa’s informal vendors Comparative Politics Resnick, Danielle; Sivasubramanian, Bhavna; Idiong, Idiong The enabling environment for informal food traders in Nigeria’s Urban Forum Christopher; Ojo, Michael Akindele; Tanko, Likita secondary cities Rufai, Mistura; Ogunniyi, Adebayo; Salman, Kabir Kayode; Migration, labor mobility and household poverty in Nigeria: A gender Economies Oyeyemi, Motunrayo; Salawu, Mutiat analysis Schmidt, Emily; Tadesse, Fanaye The impact of sustainable land management on household crop Land Degradation & production in the Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia Development Seymour, Gregory; Masuda, Yuta J.; Williams, Jason; Schneider, Household and child nutrition outcomes among the time and income Global Food Security Kate poor in rural Bangladesh Shee, Apurba; Azzarri, Carlo; Haile, Beliyou Farmers’ willingness to pay for improved agricultural technologies: Sustainability Evidence from a field experiment in Tanzania Shee, Apurba; Turvey, Calum G.; You, Liangzhi Design and rating of risk-contingent credit for balancing business and Applied Economics financial risks for Kenyan farmers Smith, Pete; Calvin, Katherine; Nkem, Johnson; Campbell, Which practices co‐deliver food security, climate change mitigation Global Change Biology Donovan; Cherubini, Francesco; Nkonya, Ephraim M. and adaptation, and combat land‐degradation and desertification? Smith, Vincent H.; Glauber, Joseph W. Trade, policy, and food security Agricultural Economics Stehfest, Elke; van Zeist, Willem-Jan; Valin, Hugo; Havlik, Petr; Key determinants of global land-use projections Nature Communications Popp, Alexander; Mason-D’Croz, Daniel; Wiebe, Keith D. Stevenson, James; Vanlauwe, Bernard; Macours, Karen; Farmer adoption of plot-and farm-level natural resource management Global Food Security Johnson, Nancy L.; Krishnan, Lakshmi; Place, Frank; Spielman, practices: Between rhetoric and reality David J.; Hughes, Karl; Vlek, Paul L.G. Suhardiman, D., Keovilignavong, O., Kenney-Lazar, M. The territorial politics of land use planning in Laos Land Use Policy Suhardiman, Diana; Bright, J.; Palmano, C. The politics of legal pluralism in the shaping of spatial power in Journal of Peasant Studies Myanmar’s land governance Suhardiman, Diana; Kenney-Lazar, Miles; Meinzen-Dick, Ruth The contested terrain of land governance reform in Myanmar Critical Asian Studies Suseela 75 Author(s) Article title Journal title Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Hatzenbuehler, Patrick L.; Edeh, Hyacinth Effects of agricultural mechanization on economies of scope in crop Agricultural Systems O. production in Nigeria Tamal, Md. Ehsanul Haque; Bell, Andrew R.; Killilea, Mary E.; Social dynamics of short-term variability in key measures of Scientific Data Ward, Patrick S. household and community wellbeing in Bangladesh Valli, Elsa; Peterman, Amber; Hidrobo, Melissa Economic transfers and social cohesion in a refugee-hosting setting Journal of Development Studies Van Campenhout, Bjorn The role of information in agricultural technology adoption: Economic Development Experimental evidence from rice farmers in Uganda and Cultural Change Wang, Jingyi; Zhang, Yue; Chen, Kevin Z.; Nie, Fengying Assessing the impacts of Chinese hybrid rice in Sub-Saharan Africa Economic Geography Wang, Jingyi; Zhang, Yumei; Chen, Kevin Z. Impacts of exchange rate change on China’s agricultural sector: Base Journal of China on agricultural partial equilibrium model [In Chinese] Agricultural University Ward, Patrick S.; Gupta, Shweta; Singh, Vartika; Ortega, David What is the intrinsic value of fertilizer? Experimental value elicitation Food Policy L.; Gautam, Shriniwas and decomposition in the hill and terai regions of Nepal Ward, Patrick S.; Makhija, Simrin; Spielman, David J. Drought‐tolerant rice, weather index insurance, and comprehensive Australian Journal of risk management for smallholders: Evidence from a multi‐year field Agricultural and Resource experiment in India Economics Xiong, Wei; Asseng, Senthold; Hoogenboom, Gerrit; Hernandez- Different uncertainty distribution between high and low latitudes in Nature Food Ochoa, Ixchel; Robertson, Richard D. modelling warming impacts on wheat Yang, Xi-ran; Chen, Kevin Z.; Kong, Xiang-zhi Production scale change, safe production behavior, and performance Research of Agricultural evaluation from the raw milk quality and production safety Modernization perspectives 76 Evidence E: Altmetric See Section 1.2.4 (file with raw Almetric data shared with CGIAR System Management Office) Evidence F: Full list of current external partners In MARLO 77 Evidence G: Participants in capacity development activities If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Practice workshops: Using the project-level Women’s Empowerment in Australia (Camberra) 4/1/2019 KIT Short-term 9 17 Agriculture Index; Gender Transformative Approaches in Agriculture and gender-responsive breeding; Developing gender-responsive plant and animal breeding Programs: Gender transformative approach in agrifood systems; Integrating gender into research on agriculture and nutrition Workshop for the Gender Platform's "Gender dynamics in seed systems" Australia (Camberra) 3/27/2019-3/29/2019 KIT Short-term 7 0 grantees (Workshop 2) Seeds of change conference Australia (Camberra) 4/2/2019-4/4/2019 KIT Short-term 79 154 Workshop for the Gender Platform's "Feminization of agriculture" grantees Australia (Camberra) 4/8/2019-4/10/2019 KIT Short-term 11 4 (Workshop 1) Computable General Equilibrium modeling training Bangladesh 7/21/2019-7/25/2019 IFPRI Short-term 8 19 Training workshop: Concepts and Tools for Policy Analysis, for mid-level Bangladesh (Dhaka) 2/24/2019-3/2/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 15 Ministry of Food officials Workshop with negotiators in Central Africa with a focus on Cameroon and Cameroon (Douala) 9/1/2019 IFPRI Short-term 3 7 the Regional Trade Forum for West and Central Africa Global Food Systems and Policies, Zhejiang University China November 2019 IFPRI Short-term 35 37 Food systems modeling training workshop “GAMS and Its Use on Global China 5/13/2019-5/14/2019 IFPRI Short-term 54 49 Agricultural Partial Equilibrium Model”, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Food systems modeling training workshop “Advanced GAMS and Its Use on China 5/15/2019-5/18/2019 IFPRI Short-term 24 21 Global Agricultural Partial Equilibrium Model”, Zhejiang University Training on impact evaluation with a focus on Randomized Control Trial China 8/12/2019-8/15/2019 IFPRI Short-term 20 10 Graduate-level class on development economics, Peking University China 9/9/2019-12/19/2019 IFPRI Short-term 33 40 Yemen SAM and computable general equilibrium modeling training Egypt (Cairo) 4/24/2019-4/25/2019 IFPRI Short-term 1 4 workshop Computable general equilibrium modeling course Egypt (Cairo) Various (10 days) IFPRI Short-term 4 4 Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index England (London) 1/24/2019 IFPRI Short-term 14 4 Enumerators training - Baseline for "Transaction costs, Risk Preference, Eritrea (Asmara) 9/6/2019-9/7/2019 ICARDA Short-term 0 6 and Market Participation" project, field experiments with chickpea chain actors in Eritrea National workshop on willingness to pay for livestock market services Ethiopia 12/21/2019 ICARDA Short-term 4 24 Advanced research methods in nutritional sciences Ethiopia 1/10/2019-1/24/2019 IFPRI Short-term 2 6 78 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Using Stata and demographic health surveys to answer policy questions Ethiopia 10/28/2019-11/1/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 24 Market policy and value chain analysis, Ethiopian Institute for Agricultural Ethiopia 10/8/2019-10/9/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 36 Research Enumerator training, Ethiopia Strengthen PSNP4 Institutions and Resilience Ethiopia 6/19/2019-6/28/2019 IFPRI Short-term 34 50 (SPIR) midline survey Market policy and value chain analysis, Ethiopian Economics Association Ethiopia 6/26/2019-6/27/2019 IFPRI Short-term 16 76 Training of enumerators and supervisors for Impact Evaluation of Feed the Ethiopia 7/22/2019-8/3/2019 IFPRI Short-term 45 120 Future Programs in Ethiopia Training of quality certification agents Ethiopia Fall 2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 55 Training of survey enumerators, Ethiopia certification study Ethiopia Fall 2019 IFPRI Short-term 2 10 Program for Biosafety Systems - Workshop on public participation and Ethiopia (Addis 1/17/2019 IFPRI Short-term 2 10 communications Ababa) National Workshop on Harnessing the Potential of Dryland Areas and Ethiopia (Addis 3/7/2019 IFPRI Short-term 3 43 Pastoral/Agro-Pastoral Production System in Ethiopia: Developing the Ababa) Drylands of Ethiopia – Policy issues Various topics (rural transformation, social protection, food systems…) Ethiopia (Addis 5/2/2019 IFPRI Short-term 13 71 Ababa) Domestic versus export-led agricultural transformation: Evidence from Ethiopia (Addis 5/17/2019 IFPRI Short-term 2 5 Uganda's dairy value chain Ababa) Agricultural intensification with farmer misperception and misreporting Ethiopia (Addis 6/13/2019 IFPRI Short-term 1 9 Ababa) Teff value chain Ethiopia (Addis 8/23/2019 IFPRI Short-term 16 142 Ababa) Nutrition and diets in Ethiopia Ethiopia (Addis 12/12/2019 IFPRI Short-term 54 100 Ababa) Program for Biosafety Systems - Workshop on harmonization and Ethiopia (Addis 1/15/2019-1/16/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 27 coordination of biosafety legal regime Ababa) Market policy and value chain analysis Ethiopia (Addis 10/8/2019-10/9/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 38 Ababa) Training of federal and regional statistics offices staff on spatial data Ethiopia (Addis 5/13/2019-5/15/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 29 collection using ArcCollector Ababa) Market policy and value chain analysis Ethiopia (Addis 6/26/2019-6/27/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 27 Ababa) Seminars on research findings from Ethiopia Ethiopia (Addis 7/18/2019-7/20/2019 IFPRI Short-term 43 412 Ababa) 79 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Program for Biosafety Systems - Ethiopian Biotechnology Institute Ethiopia (Addis 8/5/2019-8/6/2019 IFPRI Short-term 26 4 executive-level training Ababa) Enumerator training, impact evaluation of Digital Green's video-mediated Ethiopia (Addis January-February IFPRI Short-term 14 26 extension approach Ababa) 2019 Trainings of World Food Programme Rural Resilience Initiative team on Ethiopia (Addis Various IFPRI Short-term 1 4 smartphone application to implement picture-based insurance for prototype Ababa) testing in Ethiopia Launch of woreda participatory land use planning manual Ethiopia (Bishoftu) 9/16/2019-9/19/2019 ILRI Short-term 6 29 Training of field staff in Amhara and Tigray on crop cutting experiments Ethiopia (Debrezeit) 10/11/2019 IFPRI Short-term 0 2 Enumerators training - Baseline for "Transaction costs, Risk Preference, Ethiopia (Gondar) 9/2/2019-9/3/2019 ICARDA Short-term 1 4 and Market Participation" project, field experiments with chickpea chain actors in Ethiopia Agricultural Commodity Market Price Analysis Ghana 2/27/2019-2/28/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 20 Introduction to Net-Map and practical application of Process Net-Map for Ghana 6/24/2019-6/26/2019 IFPRI Short-term 3 9 institutional analysis Commodity market analaysis - Writing workshop 1 Ghana 6/5/2019-6/7/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 1 Fertilizer sampling and quality assessment workshop, training for inspectors Ghana 7/9/2019-7/10/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 22 for Ghana's Planting for Food and Jobs Fertilizer Quality Study Commodity market analysis - Writing workshop 2 Ghana 8/29/2019-8/30/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 1 Strengthening the use of poverty analysis to achieve SDGs 1 and 2 (for Ghana Various IFPRI Short-term 3 21 senior-level Ghanaian and Zambian officials) Session on Restoring Forests, Restoring Communities at the Global Ghana (Accra) 10/29/2019- CIFOR Short-term 15 20 Landscapes Forum meeting 10/30/2019 Program for Biosafety Systems - Capacity strengthening for the Biosafety Ghana (Accra) 6/5/2019-6/6/2019 IFPRI Short-term 3 5 Appeals Tribunal in Ghana Enumerator training, project on conservation agriculture in Ghana Ghana (Tamale) 3/22/2019-3/28/2019 IFPRI Short-term 20 30 Conservación de la agrobiodiversidad para lograr la seguridad alimentaria de Guatemala 11/25/2019 Bioversity Short-term 28 42 los pueblos (Huehuetenango) International Technical assistance/field extension visits (Production and Seed Network Guatemala Various Bioversity Short-term 60 52 Monitoring) (Huehuetenango) International Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index Honduras (Choluteca) 10/24/2019- CIAT Short-term 2 2 10/26/2019 Gender-sensitive LINK Methodology Honduras (Choluteca) Various CIAT Short-term 10 9 Enumerator training for the Andhra Pradesh Soil Intelligence System project India 2/16/2019-2/19/2019 IFPRI Short-term 10 9 80 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Collaboration for Resilience-Foundation for Ecological Security Multiactor India (Anand, 9/30/2019-10/2/2019 CoRe Short-term 6 17 Platform Design workshop Gujarat) Isis Blanco Vera, MSc., Promise of Commons initiative India (Anand, September- IFPRI Long-term No 1 0 Gujarat) December 2019 Training of field staff in Tamil Nadu on insurance education module, project India (Chennai) 6/18/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 14 implementation, management and documentation Stakeholder consultation and workshop on using crowdsourced smartphone India (Chennai) 2/01/2019-2/03/2019 IFPRI Short-term 18 17 pictures in improving insurance and advisory services Training of field staff in Haryana on providing advisories and assessing India (Kurukshetra) 9/16/2019-9/18/2019 IFPRI Short-term 0 12 losses using smartphone pictures Training of field staff in Haryana, picture-based insurance project India (Ludhiana) 5/9/2019-5/12/2019 IFPRI Short-term 0 12 IMPACT training India (New Delhi) 11/4/2019-11/8/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 6 Integrative value chain analytics supporting food systems transformation India (Patancheru) 5/27/2019-5/31/2019 ICRISAT, Short-term 5 20 ILRI Trainings of field staff and farmers on usage of smartphone and web India (Pudukkottai) 8/19/2019-8/20/2019 IFPRI Short-term 2 18 application to receive improved insurance and advisories Training of field staff on crop cutting experiments India (Tamil Nadu) 1/21/2019-1/23/2019 IFPRI Short-term 1 19 Trainings of field staff and farmers on usage of smartphone and web India (Tamil Nadu) 7/19-2019-7/23/2019 IFPRI Short-term 50 50 application to receive improved insurance and advisories Impact evaluation Indonesia (Bogor) 11/15/2019 IFPRI Short-term 17 18 Global Community of Practice on Multistakeholder Platforms for People- Italy (Rome) 10/18/2019 CoRe Short-term 19 18 Centred Land Governance, first planning workshop Workshop "Building tools for evidence-based decision making in Jordan: Jordan 10/15/2019 IFPRI Short-term 8 13 AIDA and the regional integration assessment system of indexes" Regional Training Course (Summer School) on Applied Econometric Kazakhstan, 6/2/2019-6/14/2019 IFPRI Short-term 13 11 Analysis Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan Trainings of champion farmers on usage of smartphone and web application Kenya (Embu) 10/16/2019 IFPRI Short-term 20 10 to receive improved insurance and advisories Trainings of champion farmers on usage of smartphone and web application Kenya (Meru) 10/18/2019 IFPRI Short-term 40 30 to receive improved insurance and advisories Using LSMS for research on rural youth Kenya (Nairobi) February 2019 IFPRI Short-term 3 7 81 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Workshop for the Gender Platform's "Gender dynamics in seed systems" Kenya (Nairobi) 2/19/2019-2/21/2019 KIT Short-term 7 0 grantees (Workshop 1) Program for Biosafety Systems - Workshop on genome editing Kenya (Nairobi) 4/24/2019-4/5/2019 IFPRI Short-term 14 13 Building the capacity of Agricultural and Climate Risk Enterprise Ltd (ACRE) Kenya (Nairobi) Various IFPRI Short-term 4 4 staff, project "Promoting stress-tolerant varieties at scale: Interlinking the private seed sector and insurance-advisory services in Kenya" Assessing and Strengthening Malawi's Pluralistic Agricultural Extension Malawi 11/13/2019 IFPRI Short-term 23 27 System: Evidence and Lessons from a 3-year Research Study Farm household survey and choice experiments Malawi 6/6/2019-6/14/2019 IFPRI Short-term 3 5 Program for Biosafety Systems - Capacity building workshop on food and Malawi 7/3/2019-7/5/2019 IFPRI Short-term 9 19 feed safety of GM crops Enumerator training, Building Resilience and Adapting to Climate Change Malawi 8/5/2019-8/8/2019 IFPRI Short-term 18 35 Programme Workshop with Morocco Ministry of Finance regarding integration with Morocco 7/11/2019 IFPRI Short-term 2 4 ECOWAS and the Regional Trade Forum for West and Central Africa Enumerator training, endline survey, Evaluation of the Impacts of the Mozambique 7/7/2019-7/14/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 8 InovAgro Market System Development project (Nampula) Gender and Randomized Control Trial methodology Myanmar 7/30/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 12 Lecture on gender research; lecture on journal publications - Food Security Myanmar 9/6/2019 IFPRI Short-term 25 14 Policy dissemination workshop Questionnaire design workshop, Feed the Future Myanmar Agriculture Myanmar 11/9/2019-11/12/2019 IFPRI Short-term 9 3 Policy Support Activity Phase I survey Political economy of agri-food system transformation, DFID Livelihoods Myanmar (Yangon) 2/5/2019 IFPRI Short-term 30 30 Conference Workshop for the Gender Platform's "Feminization of agriculture" grantees Netherlands 11/6/2019-11/8/2019 KIT Short-term 12 0 (Workshop 2) (Amsterdam) Workshop for the Gender Platform's "Gender in value chains" grantees Netherlands 9/18/2019-9/20/2019 KIT Short-term 9 0 (Amsterdam) National and state level workshops and policy seminars on innovations in Niger 5/16/2019 IFPRI Short-term 12 23 extension approaches National and state level workshops and policy seminars on innovations in Nigeria 5/15/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 22 extension approaches 82 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Side event on the Role of Institutional Capacity Development in Africa's Nigeria (Abuja) 9/3/2019 PIM PMU Short-term 25 50 Agricultural Transformation at the African Association of Agricultural Economists conference Seminars on recent research findings on seed varieties, irrigation, and Nigeria (Abuja, Various IFPRI Short-term 80 320 agricultural mechanization in Nigeria Calabar, Abakaliki, Onitsha, Birnin Kebbi, Kaduna, Makurdi, Minna) Introduction to Monitoring and Evaluation Nigeria (Benue State) 11/27/2019- IFPRI Short-term 6 17 11/29/2019 Group dynamics training, for private sector Nigeria (Benue State) 3/25/2019-3/27/2019 IFPRI Short-term 11 18 Policy communication training, for farmer group Nigeria (Benue State) 3/25/2019-3/28/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 20 Agriculture and development Nigeria (Benue State) 4/29/2019-4/30/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 22 Agriculture and development, for government Nigeria (Benue State) 5/2/2019-5/3/2019 IFPRI Short-term 13 17 Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata, for government Nigeria (Benue State) 5/6/2019-5/10/2019 IFPRI Short-term 8 17 Agriculture and development Nigeria (Cross River 1/14/2019-1/16/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 15 State) Agriculture and development, for government Nigeria (Cross River 1/17/2019-1/18/2019 IFPRI Short-term 8 17 State) Agriculture and development Nigeria (Cross River 3/18/2019-3/19/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 16 State) Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata Nigeria (Cross River 3/25/2019-3/29/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 14 State) Policy communication training, for journalists Nigeria (Cross River 4/15/2019-4/16/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 12 State) Policy communication training, for private sector Nigeria (Cross River 4/17/2019-4/18/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 21 State) Agriculture and development Nigeria (Cross River 5/6/2019-5/7/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 17 State) Agriculture and development, for government Nigeria (Cross River 5/9/2019-5/10/2019 IFPRI Short-term 8 16 State) Policy communication training, for private sector Nigeria (Cross River 6/24/2019-6/25/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 23 State) Policy communication training, for farmer group Nigeria (Cross River 6/26/2019-6/27/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 14 State) Introduction to Monitoring and Evaluation Nigeria (Cross River 7/15/2019-7/17/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 21 State) 83 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Introduction to Monitoring and Evaluation Nigeria (Cross River 9/11/2019-9/13/2019 IFPRI Short-term 12 16 State) Agricultural extension policy in Nigeria, for government Nigeria (Cross River 9/18/2019-9/19/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 11 State) Cross River State level workshop on extension for extension professionals Nigeria (Cross River 9/19/2019-9/20/2019 IFPRI Short-term 10 22 State) Agriculture and development Nigeria (Delta State) 1/14/2019-1/16/2019 IFPRI Short-term 8 16 Agriculture and development, for government Nigeria (Delta State) 1/17/2019-1/18/2019 IFPRI Short-term 10 17 Policy communication training, for private sector Nigeria (Delta State) 4/10/2019-4/11/2019 IFPRI Short-term 8 15 Policy communication training, for farmer group Nigeria (Delta State) 4/8/2019-4/9/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 18 Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata Nigeria (Delta State) 5/10/2019-5/14/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 14 Group dynamics training, for farmer group Nigeria (Delta State) 7/11/2019-7/13/2019 IFPRI Short-term 14 16 Group dynamics training, for farmer group Nigeria (Delta State) 7/8/2019-7/10/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 23 Group dynamics training, for farmer group Nigeria (Delta State) 8/26/2019-8/28/2019 IFPRI Short-term 16 14 Group dynamics training, for farmer group Nigeria (Delta State) 8/29/2019-8/31/2019 IFPRI Short-term 10 20 Policy communication training, for journalists Nigeria (Ebonyi State) 1/21/2019-1/22/2019 IFPRI Short-term 15 20 Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata Nigeria (Ebonyi State) 1/21/2019-1/25/2019 IFPRI Short-term 11 16 Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) Training using CSPro Nigeria (Ebonyi State) 1/21/2019-1/25/2019 IFPRI Short-term 9 13 Policy communication training, for farmer group Nigeria (Ebonyi State) 1/23/2019-1/24/2019 IFPRI Short-term 10 5 Group dynamics training, for private sector Nigeria (Ebonyi State) 4/1/2019-4/3/2019 IFPRI Short-term 11 17 Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata Nigeria (Ebonyi State) 4/8/2019-4/12/2019 IFPRI Short-term 11 16 Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata Nigeria (Ebonyi State) 5/13/2019-5/17/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 15 Introduction to Monitoring and Evaluation, for government Nigeria (Ebonyi State) 6/26/2019-6/28/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 15 Introduction to Monitoring and Evaluation Nigeria (Ebonyi State) 7/31/2019-8/2/2019 IFPRI Short-term 11 14 Impact evaluation training Nigeria (Ebonyi State) 8/1/2019-8/2/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 9 Training of government staff on the use of the Organization Performance Nigeria (Federal 8/22/2019 IFPRI Short-term 0 7 Index tool Capital Territory) Introduction to Monitoring and Evaluation, for government Nigeria (Federal 11/18/2019- IFPRI Short-term 9 15 Capital Territory) 11/20/2019 Introduction to Monitoring and Evaluation, for government Nigeria (Federal 12/11/2019- IFPRI Short-term 21 6 Capital Territory) 12/13/2019 Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) training using CSPro, for Nigeria (Federal 2/11/2019-2/14/2019 IFPRI Short-term 14 11 government Capital Territory) Agricultural policies and strategies in Nigeria, for government Nigeria (Federal 2/12/2019-2/13/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 18 Capital Territory) 84 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Policy Communication Training for the National Bureau of Statistics Nigeria (Federal 2/13/2019-2/14/2019 IFPRI Short-term 8 17 Capital Territory) Policy communication training, for National Assembly Nigeria (Federal 3/12/2019-3/13/2019 IFPRI Short-term 2 20 Capital Territory) Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) training using CSPro, for Nigeria (Federal 3/4/2019-3/7/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 20 government Capital Territory) Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata, for government Nigeria (Federal 4/8/2019-4/12/2019 IFPRI Short-term 9 10 Capital Territory) Introduction to Monitoring and Evaluation, for government Nigeria (Federal 8/14/2019-8/16/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 22 Capital Territory) How to write a policy brief, for government Nigeria (Federal 8/22/2019-8/23/2019 IFPRI Short-term 3 17 Capital Territory) Policy communication training, for government Nigeria (Federal 9/26/2019-9/27/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 15 Capital Territory) Agricultural policies and strategies in Nigeria, for government Nigeria (Federal 9/4/2019-9/5/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 18 Capital Territory) Support workshop for the Capacity Development for Agricultural Innovation Nigeria (Ibadan) 9/3/2019-9/4/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 13 Systems project Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) Training using CSPro, for Nigeria (Kaduna 4/1/2019-4/3/2019 IFPRI Short-term 9 16 National Farmers Help Line State) Agriculture and development, for National Farmers Help Line Nigeria (Kaduna 4/4/2019-4/5/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 21 State) Policy communication training, for journalists Nigeria (Kaduna 5/13/2019-5/14/2019 IFPRI Short-term 11 12 State) Policy communication training, for private sector Nigeria (Kaduna 5/15/2019-5/16/2019 IFPRI Short-term 1 15 State) Group dynamics training, for farmer group Nigeria (Kaduna 5/20/2019-5/22/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 27 State) Group dynamics training, for private sector Nigeria (Kaduna 5/23/2019-5/25/2019 IFPRI Short-term 3 23 State) Introduction to Monitoring and Evaluation, for private sector Nigeria (Kaduna 5/6/2019-5/8/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 19 State) Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata Nigeria (Kaduna 6/18/2019-6/21/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 22 State) Policy communication training, for government Nigeria (Kebbi State) 1/28/2019-1/29/2019 IFPRI Short-term 2 23 Group dynamics training, for private sector Nigeria (Kebbi State) 1/28/2019-1/29/2019 IFPRI Short-term 10 25 Policy communication training, for farmer group Nigeria (Kebbi State) 1/30/2019-1/31/2019 IFPRI Short-term 8 27 85 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Agricultural policies and strategies in Nigeria Nigeria (Kebbi State) 11/25/2019- IFPRI Short-term 1 21 11/26/2019 Agricultural policies and strategies in Nigeria, for government Nigeria (Kebbi State) 11/28/2019- IFPRI Short-term 1 20 11/29/2019 Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata Nigeria (Kebbi State) 4/8/2019-4/12/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 18 Agriculture and development Nigeria (Kebbi State) 5/20/2019-5/21/2019 IFPRI Short-term 0 9 Agriculture and development, for government Nigeria (Kebbi State) 5/20/2019-5/23/2019 IFPRI Short-term 14 26 Policy communication training Nigeria (Kebbi State) 8/26/2019-8/27/2019 IFPRI Short-term 3 22 Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata Nigeria (Niger State) 1/21/2019-1/25/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 20 Agriculture and development Nigeria (Niger State) 3/18/2019-3/19/2019 IFPRI Short-term 12 15 Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata Nigeria (Niger State) 3/18/2019-3/22/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 20 Agriculture and development, for government Nigeria (Niger State) 3/21/2019-3/22/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 22 Group dynamics training, for private sector Nigeria (Niger State) 4/11/2019-4/13/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 23 Group dynamics training, for farmer group Nigeria (Niger State) 4/8/2019-4/10/2019 IFPRI Short-term 11 19 Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata Nigeria (Niger State) 5/13/2019-5/17/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 14 Introduction to Monitoring and Evaluation Nigeria (Niger State) 7/3/2019-7/5/2019 IFPRI Short-term 13 14 Introduction to Monitoring and Evaluation, for government Nigeria (Niger State) 9/25/2019-9/27/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 21 Group dynamics training, for farmer group Nigeria (Niger State) 9/26/2019-9/28/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 23 Policy communication training Nigeria (Oyo State) 3/18/2019-3/19/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 17 Group dynamics training, for private sector Nigeria (Oyo State) 3/18/2019-3/20/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 25 Policy communication training, for journalists Nigeria (Oyo State) 3/20/2019-3/21/2019 IFPRI Short-term 10 13 Econometrics for policy analysis using Stata Nigeria (Oyo State) 4/15/2019-4/18/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 10 Agriculture and development Nigeria (Oyo State) 6/10/2019-6/11/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 9 Agriculture and development, for government Nigeria (Oyo State) 6/13/2019-6/14/2019 IFPRI Short-term 9 13 Consultation and training workshop on Pakistan Food Outlook Report Pakistan 10/17/2019- IFPRI Short-term 6 24 10/18/2019 Workshop on social accounting matrices Pakistan 11/05/2019- IFPRI Short-term 0 8 11/06/2019 Training on the Kaleidoscope Model of Policy Change Pakistan 2/27/2019-2/28/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 16 Multimarket Model Workshop Pakistan 7/24/2019- 7/25/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 26 Statistical and econometric training for Punjab Food Outlook Pakistan (Islamabad) 3/18/2019-3/22/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 10 Statistical and econometric training for Punjab Food Outlook Pakistan (Lahore) 2/20/2019-2/21/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 18 Stata Course Papua New Guinea 6/11/2019-6/13/2019 IFPRI Short-term 9 28 86 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Farmer participation in genetic resources competitive conservation tender Peru (Acora, Puno) 8/25/2019 Bioversity Short-term 15 35 (quinoa) International Dissemination workshop with key stakeholders, research on Peru (Atalaya) 11/20/2019 CIFOR Short-term 6 17 multistakeholder fora Peru (Huayana, 9/4/2019 Bioversity Short-term 2 1 Identification and prioritisation of threatened genetic resources (potato) Apurimac) International Farmer participation in genetic resources competitive conservation tender Peru (Huayana, 9/7/2019 Bioversity Short-term 7 27 (potato) Apurimac) International Dissemination workshop with key stakeholders, research on Peru (Inkare) September 2019 CIFOR Short-term 10 10 multistakeholder fora Identification and prioritisation of threatened genetic resources (maize and Peru (Lares, Cusco) 8/19/2019 Bioversity Short-term 2 2 potato) International Farmer participation in genetic resources competitive conservation tender Peru (Lares, Cusco) 9/9/2019 Bioversity Short-term 1 10 (maize) International Peru (Laria, 9/12/2019 Bioversity Short-term 0 2 Identification and prioritisation of threatened genetic resources (potato) Huancavelica) International Farmer participation in genetic resources competitive conservation tender Peru (Laria, 9/15/2019 Bioversity Short-term 6 40 (potato) Huancavelica) International El papel de los foros multiactor en las jurisdicciones subnacionales: Una Peru (Lima) 11/15/2019 CIFOR Short-term 8 12 herramienta reflexiva para monitorear procesos participativos desde adentro Side events at the International Association of the Study of the Commons Peru (Lima) 7/1/2019-7/5/2019 Bioversity Short-term 37 42 biannual meeting International CIFOR, IFPRI Dissemination workshop with key stakeholders, research on Peru (Nueva 10/7/2019-10/8/2019 CIFOR Short-term 11 13 multistakeholder fora Esperanza) Dissemination workshop with key stakeholders, research on Peru (Pucallpa) 11/22/2019 CIFOR Short-term 4 13 multistakeholder fora Dissemination workshop with key stakeholders, research on Peru (Tzinquiato) September 2019 CIFOR Short-term 6 7 multistakeholder fora Fourth Annual International Conference on Agriculture, Food Security and Russia (Moscow) 5/28/2019 IFPRI Short-term Nutrition in Eurasia 30 70 Computable General Equilibrium modeling training for Ministry of Finance Rwanda 5/27/2019-6/05/2019 IFPRI Short-term 0 9 and Planning (1) 87 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Computable General Equilibrium modeling training for Ministry of Finance Rwanda 9/30/2019-10/08/2019 IFPRI Short-term 1 5 and Planning (2) Training of farmers on benefits and use of Aflasafe Senegal Spring 2019 IFPRI Short-term 100 200 Training of survey enumerators, Aflasafe study Senegal Spring 2019 IFPRI Short-term 3 7 Restoration for Whom, by Whom? session at the 8th World Conference on South Africa (Cape 9/27/2019 Bioversity Short-term 25 25 Ecological Restoration Town) International Dialogue with WTO member states delegates on "Trade Wars: What Switzerland (Geneva) 10/10/2019 IFPRI Short-term 6 14 Implications for Agriculture in Africa and Beyond?": Kaleidoscope Model training for USAID Thailand (Bangkok) 12/9/2019-12/10/2019 IFPRI Short-term 15 10 Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning (MEL), Data Management and Geo- Tunisia (Tunis) 11/1/2019-11/7/2019 ICARDA Short-term 0 3 informatics Option by Context (GEOC) Learning Week Qualitative and quantitative methodologies for the assessment of rangeland Tunisia (Tunis) 12/3/2019-12/5/2019 ICARDA Short-term 14 9 governance SAM construction for Tunisia Tunisia (Tunis) 4/2/2019-4/5/2019 IFPRI Short-term 2 3 Thesis "Application of the concept of economic and territorial intelligence for Tunisia (Tunis) February-September ICARDA Long-term No 1 0 better governance of pastoral territories in South Tunisia" 2019 Program for Biosafety Systems - Biotechnology and biosafety outreach Uganda (Ibanda) 9/6/2019 IFPRI Short-term 31 61 communication and sensitization meeting for farmer leaders and local government officials Program for Biosafety Systems - Biosafety training for Ministry of Science, Uganda (Kampala 3/19/2019-3/20/2019 IFPRI Short-term 5 10 Technology and Innovation and Namulonge) Enumerator training, banana value chain study Uganda (Kampala) 10/1/2019-10/4/2019 Bioversity Short-term 4 2 International Training for banana retailers from markets in Jinja and greater Kampala on Uganda (Kampala) 7/4/2019, 7/11/2019 Bioversity Short-term 125 44 emerging trends and business opportunities in the banana business, International planned developments in the markets, banana cooperatives, gender issues in the banana business and the Evapo-cooler technology The Gender, Agriculture, and Assets conceptual framework: Implications for USA 10/25/2019 IFPRI Short-term 9 5 intrahousehold analysis (part of International Agricultural Development Policy course) Structural Transformation of African Agriculture and Rural Spaces USA Throughout the year IFPRI Long-term Yes 2 2 (STAARS) fellowship Seminar on WTO dispute settlement USA (Washington 5/14/2019 IFPRI Short-term 8 17 DC) 88 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Policy seminar: Digital Tools for Better Rural Investments: The Agricultural USA (Washington 5/15/2019 IFPRI Short-term 20 40 Investment Data Analyzer DC) Policy seminar: Urban Food Systems for Better Diets, Nutrition, and Health USA (Washington 5/17/2019 IFPRI Short-term 187 363 DC) Policy seminar: Ghana’s Economic and Agricultural Transformation: Past USA (Washington 10/9/2019 IFPRI Short-term 212 411 Performance and Future Prospects DC) Policy seminar: Information, governance, and rural service delivery USA (Washington 10/21/2019 IFPRI Short-term 150 291 DC) Qualitative research checklists USA (Washington 11/18/2019 IFPRI Short-term 12 22 DC) “Future Extension: Innovations and Evidence" workshop organized by PIM, USA (Washington 11/7/2019-11/8/2019 IFPRI Short-term 22 21 IFPRI and Feed the Future’s “Developing Local Extension Capacity” project DC) IMPACT model training USA (Washington 6/24/2019-6/28/2019 IFPRI Short-term 3 7 DC) Workshop "Political economy for improved policy analysis and USA (Washington 9/11/2019-9/12/2019 IFPRI Short-term 7 15 implementation in CGIAR" DC) Carolina Barcella, internship with PIM Program Management Unit USA (Washington January-July 2019 IFPRI Long-term No 1 0 DC) Training for Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science researchers USA (Washington Various IFPRI Short-term 2 1 DC) PIM webinar/seminar: Changing farm structure and rural transformation in USA (Washington 10/24/2019 PIM PMU Short-term 21 22 Africa DC) and virtual Daisy Demirag, PhD on impacts of public works programs on local and Various Various IFPRI Long-term Yes 1 0 distant labor market participation, University of Maastricht Gender Platform webinar: Guidelines and good practices for achieving Virtual 1/23/2019 KIT Short-term 15 30 gender equality outcomes through climate services PIM webinar: Climate resilience and job prospects for young people in Virtual 2/7/2019 IFPRI Short-term 40 28 agriculture Gender Platform webinar: Changing gender norms in agriculture projects – Virtual 2/28/2019 KIT Short-term 22 43 What works in Pakistan and Ethiopia Webinar for on tenure and forest land restoration for GIZ global land policy Virtual 3/15/2019 CIFOR Short-term 4 5 staff PIM webinar: Innovations to help secure pastoral land tenure and Virtual 3/28/2019 IFPRI Short-term 27 29 governance Gender Platform webinar: Typologies of change – Making sense of gender Virtual 4/16/2019 KIT Short-term 21 41 integration in agriculture and food security research 89 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD PIM webinar: Power, politics, and governance in the food system: Virtual 5/8/2019 IFPRI Short-term 45 30 Applications to Africa PIM webinar: Determinants of rural youth migration throughout the Virtual 5/14/2019 IFPRI Short-term 15 24 developing world Gender Platform webinar: Reflections on gender transformative approaches Virtual 6/20/2019 KIT Short-term 21 41 in agriculture – The promise and cautionary tales PIM webinar: Land tenure and perceived tenure security in the era of social Virtual 7/2/2019 IFPRI Short-term 27 26 and economic transformation in Africa PIM webinar: The investment effects of forest rights devolution Virtual 9/10/2019 IFPRI Short-term 14 8 Gender Platform webinar: Culture, choice and action in legume seeds Virtual 10/5/2019 KIT Short-term 5 10 systems in East and North Uganda Gender Platform webinar: Gender dynamics in formal seed system in sub- Virtual 11/21/2019 KIT Short-term 14 28 Saharan Africa and worldwide lessons Gender Platform webinar: ‘Power through’: a new concept in the Virtual 11/27/2019 KIT Short-term 18 36 empowerment discourse Launching the Global Foresight for Food and Agriculture Tool Virtual 12/8/2019 IFPRI Short-term 32 61 Gender Platform webinar: Youth realities, aspirations and transitions to Virtual 12/19/2019 KIT Short-term 2 4 adulthood in dryland agricultural systems Webinar on the role of land certification in securing women’s land rights on Virtual 11/19/2020 CIFOR Short-term 100 65 collective lands Enumerator training, project on political economy of decentralization in Zambia (Lusaka) 3/20/2019 IFPRI Short-term 4 2 Zambia Taxation and informality in urban Zambia Zambia (Lusaka) 9/19/2019 IFPRI Short-term 20 40 Program for Biosafety Systems - Stakeholders’ awareness meeting for the Zanzibar 9/11/2019 IFPRI Short-term 17 8 development of biotechnology and biosafety in Zanzibar Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences student working on IFPRI project Various IFPRI Long-term Yes 1 0 on milk safety Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences student working on IFPRI Various IFPRI Long-term Yes 1 0 Guizhou poverty project Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences student working on IFPRI Sino- Various IFPRI Long-term Yes 1 0 Africa agricultural cooperation project Central European University student Various IFPRI Long-term Yes 1 0 90 If Center or Number Short- or long Number Training title Training location Training dates Managing of long-term term, of men Partner women PhD Lilongwe University of Agriculture & Natural Resources student Various IFPRI Long-term Yes 1 0 Lilongwe University of Agriculture & Natural Resources students Various IFPRI Long-term No 2 1 Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions/Can Tho Various IFPRI Long-term No 1 0 University student Wageningen University and Research student Various IFPRI Long-term Yes 1 0 Wageningen University and Research student Various IFPRI Long-term No 0 1 University of California Berkeley student Various IFPRI Long-term No 0 1 Pardee RAND Graduate School student Various IFPRI Long-term Yes 0 1 Lionel Cosnard (with David Laborde) Various IFPRI Long-term Yes 0 1 Tess Lallemant (with David Laborde) Various IFPRI Long-term No 1 0 Institute of Agricultural Economics, C.A.U, Kiel student Various IFPRI Long-term Yes 0 1 Summer project, literature review and analysis of effects of conflict in Mali June-September IFPRI Long-term No 1 0 2019 Summer project, seasonality of nutrition outcomes in Burkina Faso June-September IFPRI Long-term No 1 0 2019 Georgetown University student working on the WEAI4VC study in Benin June-December 2019 IFPRI Long-term No 1 0 Jazmin Gonzales Tovar, University of Florida, Gainesville Various CIFOR Long-term Yes 1 0 91 Annex: Progress by flagships Flagship 1 “Technological Innovation and Sustainable Intensification” The Flagship 1 team made significant progress in the areas of foresight, seed systems, delivery methods for advisory services, and science and innovation policy. Results from the collaborative work on foresight continued to inform policy and investment decisions. A 2019 independent review found that PIM-supported foresight modeling has been commissioned and used by multiple multilateral donors and international organizations (including the Asian Development Bank, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the Food and Agriculture Organization, the International Fund for Agricultural Development, the Inter- American Development Bank and USAID), as well as by national partners in Indonesia, the Philippines and South Africa among other countries. In the Philippines, the results of a collaboration between PIM and the National Economic Development Authority informed the implementation of the Rice Farmer Financial Assistance program, an unconditional cash transfer to farmers negatively affected by the rice tariffication law. Findings of the PIM modeling work were published in numerous high-impact peer-reviewed publications, presenting new evidence about the negative impacts of climate change on nutrient content of food crops and helping to inform global dialogues on challenges and opportunities facing food systems at global, regional and national levels. The primary focus of the foresight team in 2019 was preparing the CGIAR foresight report (CGFR). The CGFR aims at filling a gap in the literature on foresight for agriculture and food systems, drawing mostly on work by CGIAR and partners to inform policy making for the poor in developing countries, with a horizon of two to three decades. Work on the CGFR in 2019 included an inventory of CGIAR foresight-related projects, progress on the contents of the report, and building support for the CGFR through meetings with the CGFR Steering Committee and interaction with the Independent Science for Development Council, System Management Office and CGIAR Advisory Services Shared Secretariat. The team also started preparations to support the One CGIAR process. Additional achievements in 2019 include the launch of the Global Foresight for Food and Agriculture Tool, a set of studies on climate change implications for Latin America and the Caribbean, the development of a land accounting model for the International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade (IMPACT) and advances on including fruits and vegetables in IMPACT. Evidence was provided to global and national policy debates on seed sector development, extension system reforms, and science and innovation policy, including informing policy design and implementation of governmental and non-governmental programs at the national level as well as global investment prioritization processes in key development organizations. PIM-supported research on seed policies informed discussions or reforms in Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nepal, Nigeria, Uganda and Vietnam. In Afghanistan, significant reforms occurred in 2019, including new regulations and guidelines for seed certification. In Uganda, efforts are underway to professionalize the seed sector, revise outdated regulations and improve smallholders’ access to improved varieties and high-quality seed. Findings from work in partnership with the Feed the Future Developing Local Extension Capacity project informed initiatives to expand digitized extension and advisory services in Ethiopia, improve youth inclusion and private sector engagement in extension in Rwanda, and identify opportunities for improving public extension in Guatemala, Guinea, Myanmar, and Niger. In Uganda, a study on video-based extension in collaboration with the Dutch Research Council demonstrated that providing information and role models to women can influence women’s access to productive resources and improve women’s participation in on-farm decision making. PIM research on seed sector development and extension indicators and PIM evaluations of the impacts of seed and extension projects were used to inform investments by 92 the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the Government of the Netherlands, the Swiss Development and Cooperation Agency, USAID and several other development partners seeking to identify effective strategies for seed systems and extension services, including through mechanisms such as other CGIAR research programs and Centers, the Integrated Seed System Development Africa initiative and the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa. On the science and innovation policy front, ex ante economic impact assessments conducted under the Biotechnology and Biosafety Rapid Assessment and Policy Platform enabled the approval for general release of genetically engineered pod borer resistant cowpea in Nigeria. Similar studies in Ethiopia, Ghana and Tanzania, supported by the capacity development efforts of the Program for Biosafety Systems, contributed to progress in a science-driven approach to genetically engineered crop assessments. The Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators team produced regional and country levels analyses of agricultural R&D expenditure patterns and trends. Engagement with the Food and Agriculture Organization, the Global Crop Diversity Trust, the International Treaty for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture and the Genebank Platform continued, with the aim of setting up a study to estimate the economic consequences of global inaction on crop genetic diversity conservation, exchange and use. Flagship 2 “Economywide Factors Affecting Agricultural Growth and Rural Transformation” Contributions of Flagship 2 include the use of economywide modeling tools to prioritize public investments, political economy analysis, policy support through IFPRI’s country programs and studies on issues related to rural transformation such as agricultural mechanization, rural youth, and land dynamics. The Rural Investment and Policy Analysis (RIAPA) model is an economywide tool for evaluating and prioritizing public policies and investments to drive inclusive agricultural transformation. In 2019, Kenya and Rwanda launched rural development strategies that were informed by RIAPA-based analysis. Government analysts and researchers in Bangladesh, Egypt, Kenya and Rwanda were trained in the use of RIAPA. A workshop took place to validate data pertaining to Jordan for the Arab (Agricultural) Investment for Development Analyzer, a tool to help prioritize investments in the field of agriculture and agro-processing in Middle East and North Africa. Both RIAPA and PIM’s social accounting matrices (including those released in 2019 for Egypt and Yemen) are also being used by donor organizations to evaluate their own investment priorities. PIM’s indicators of agri-food system gross domestic product and employment were adopted as high-level outcome indicators in USAID’s Global Food Security Strategy. The Kaleidoscope Model, a tool to analyze drivers of food security policy change, was incorporated into a training for the staff of USAID’s Bureau for Resilience and Food Security. Several studies drawing on the Kaleidoscope Model and other political economy analyses of food systems were completed in Ghana, Nigeria, and Zambia, as well as a cross-country comparison. PIM organized a cross-CGIAR workshop and launched a call for proposals to foster collaborative research on the political economy of food systems. PIM’s research on agricultural mechanization, which straddles across rural transformation, service delivery and private investment, is influencing African governments’ rural mechanization programs. In 2019, recommendations from a PIM study on agricultural mechanization service enterprise centers in Ghana were used to make these centers’ programs more inclusive, efficient, and complementary to the private sector, for instance by promoting a wider range of equipment and developing a maintenance component. The work of IFPRI’s country program teams led to several outcomes in 2019. Guidance from IFPRI’s Nigeria program over a three-year period was incorporated to the National Gender 93 Policy in Agriculture launched by the Nigerian Government as a tool to deepen women’s involvement in agriculture. The Government of the Punjab Province in Pakistan benefited from support from IFPRI’s Pakistan program to draft the Punjab Agriculture Marketing Regulatory Authority Act, which aims to create a competitive private sector for agricultural markets. Other important contributions relate to the transformation of agriculture and economies. A study across six African countries found that the rise of medium-scale farms is rapidly transforming agriculture in countries with moderate or low population densities (e.g. Tanzania) but that this is not the case in more densely populated countries (e.g. Rwanda). Farm size distribution has implications on efficiency, and a journal article which revisited the farm size‐ productivity relationship in Kenya – including a much wider range of farm sizes than most studies – found a U-shaped relationship, challenging the conventional inverse relationship frequently observed among small farms. Another article taking a broader view of the economy emphasizes the key contribution of micro, small and medium enterprises to nonfarm job creation in the recent period of rapid economic transformation in Tanzania. Migration was also a key area of research in 2019, with publication of a background paper on the intersection of youth access to land, migration, and employment opportunities in Africa for the IFAD 2019 Rural Development Report as well as five articles, two book chapters and a webinar. Among the key findings on this topic: rural-to-urban migration facilitates the transition to higher income activities but involves a small proportion of youth; the more common rural- to-rural migration also facilitates transitions to non-agricultural work. Major 2019 outputs from the flagship include five books, among which Youth and Jobs in Rural Africa, Ghana's Economic and Agricultural Transformation, and The Making of a Blue Revolution in Bangladesh. In the book on youth employment, authors explain that the youth are more likely to be engaged in nonfarm rural activities but that the level of nonfarm employment remains low. Flagship 2 researchers contributed to AGRA’s 2019 African Agriculture Status Report – which focuses on agri-food systems and the private sector – and to the Oxford Handbook of the Ethiopian Economy. PIM organized an expert panel on the role of institutional capacity development in Africa’s agricultural transformation at the African Conference of Agricultural Economists. A policy brief provided recommendations on how to improve rural service delivery in developing countries and a policy seminar explored the links between access to information and effective governance. The Statistics on Public Expenditures for Economic Development tool was updated and expanded to more countries, and the District-level Database tool for India was launched to help target technology dissemination, pro-poor programs and development initiatives. Flagship 3 “Inclusive and Efficient Value Chains” The team continued to investigate where and how to strengthen efficiency of value chains, food quality, and the inclusion of smallholders and women in value chains. Methods include measurement of price distortions and effects of international trade policy, assessment of inefficiencies and development of interventions to strengthen value chains, and a focus on scaling and outreach. The team continued to support the FAO technical platform on measurement and reduction of food loss and waste and contributed to FAO’s State of Food and Agriculture 2019 report “Moving Forward on Food Loss and Waste Reduction”. Results from applying the PIM methods to mitigate losses will be available in 2020. Analysis progressed on multiple value chains, including in Bangladesh (dairy), Ethiopia (chickpea, dairy, maize, wheat), Ghana (chicken, fish, rice), Honduras (cashew), India (dairy), Malawi (groundnut, maize), Mali (cattle), Mozambique (groundnut, maize, pigeon pea, sesame, soybean), Niger (livestock), Nigeria (fish), Senegal (groundnut), and Uganda (cooking banana, sugarcane), often in collaboration with other CRPs. Innovative research to 94 apply in Malawi (in the groundnut and soybean value chains) and Senegal (in the millet and groundnut value chains) a Brazilian approach which includes providing agricultural and business training and start-up capital to farmers and linking them to value chains found sustaining effects at the end of the program in Senegal and two years after the end of the program in Malawi. A study in Ethiopia found that between 2007 and 2016 the costs of nutritious foods increased by 19% to 62%, while those for staple foods, oils and fats either remained constant or decreased. In Pakistan, PIM research (with Flagship 2) informed the Punjab Agriculture Marketing Regulation Authority Act and Ordinance, which constitute a major step to increase value addition by producers and enforce fair marketing practices in the province. A competitive call for proposals was launched early 2019 to fund a set of five studies aiming to enhance food quality through implementation of certification and standards across value chains, to be completed in 2020. Representatives from the projects’ partners (six CGIAR Centers, Wageningen University and Research and the University of Wisconsin) took part in a workshop about methods to allow comparability. A new method to measure and classify employment in agri-food systems was piloted in Ghana, Niger, Tanzania, and Uganda. Research on innovative risk management products continued to make progress. A 2019 paper on the feasibility of picture-based insurance (PBI) describes a successful pilot in India that allowed farmers to use photos taken with smartphones to verify insurance claims. Damage was visible on photos in 71% of affected sites, a much higher percentage compared to using index-based products (damage identified on only 34% of affected sites), showing the value of PBI. The PBI work also expanded into Kenya and Ethiopia with Agricultural Climate Risk Enterprise Africa (ACRE Africa), African Risk Capacity and R4 Rural Resilience Initiative on board as new partners. Research to develop a risk contingent-credit innovation is also continuing with private sector partners in Kenya, and progress was made on designing attractive products. On the distortions and policy side, the Ag-Incentives network facilitated by IFPRI with the Food and Agriculture Organization, the Inter-American Development Bank, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and the World Bank continued to update its database on global price distortions, including the indicator on Nominal Rate of Protection. In 2019, the Ag-Incentives database was used to shed light on the negative environmental outcomes generated by farm support; data provided by PIM experts were included in the Food and Land Use Coalition report and triggered important policy discussions and media coverage. By calculating nominal rates of protection at different stages along the value chains, CGIAR researchers estimate the source and level of distortion at each stage. For example, a 2019 paper found negative nominal rates of protection between 2010 and 2015 at the farm gate and retail markets for sheep and goats in Ethiopia, showing that significant economic gains could be made by reducing distortions. The adoption of the Renewable Energy Directive by the European Commission in December 2018 was informed by evidence shared by PIM over the past five years. Research examining economic and agricultural growth in developing countries pointed to agricultural growth’s positive effects (increases in domestic food supplies, increased spending in research and development) and negative effects (increased global greenhouse gas emissions, potential volatility in global prices). The Flagship 3 outreach team continued to work with Swisscontact to implement the gender- sensitive LINK methodology. A workshop was held to improve and share research methods and tools across CGIAR and with implementation partners and to strengthen the CGIAR community of practice on value chains. The Tools4ValueChains website was revamped. The flagship contributed to a CGIAR meeting on scaling, which highlighted that the various 95 contributions of CGIAR on this topic would significantly benefit from more collaboration and coordination. Flagship 4 “Social Protection for Agriculture and Resilience” Research on the role of social protection and complementary programs in improving outcomes related to agriculture, nutrition, women’s empowerment and gender equity, and other dimensions of well-being was undertaken in eleven countries in 2019: Armenia, Bangladesh, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Malawi, Mali, Mexico, Pakistan, and Yemen. Several studies addressed resilience in fragile settings and a new project was launched on market systems and livelihoods interventions in refugee settings in Ethiopia. PIM research continued to influence design of safety nets and contribute to the dialogue on social protection in Bangladesh, Egypt, Ethiopia, Malawi, and Mali. In Ethiopia, results from the midline report of the evaluation of the graduation model “Strengthen PSNP4 Institutions and Resilience (SPIR)” program were presented to the government and partners, while in Egypt meetings were held with the government to discuss lessons from the evaluation of the Takaful and Karama cash transfer program. A book chapter synthesized findings on the impact of safety nets on agriculture and nutrition and provided lessons about how to better design programs to maintain consumption and food security in the short run, increase agricultural development and income, and improve maternal and child nutrition. A study on the impact of Pakistan’s Benazir Income Support Programme on household labor supply found little evidence of a change in female labor, strong evidence of increased male labor, and no evidence of changes in child labor; hence policy makers should not be concerned that transfers negatively affect labor supply among recipients. A journal article on the impact of India’s National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme showed that the program increased non-financial asset holdings and improved diets, partly by inducing higher income from casual labor, particularly for the poor. A study in Malawi measured the differential effect of earned and unearned income by randomly assigning work requirements in a cash transfer program; the type of income did not affect patterns of household expenditures, and the work requirement increased overall expenditure immediately following the payment and resulted in a short-term reallocation of labor supply away from household work. In Bangladesh, the Transfer Modality Research Initiative – a transfer program combined with nutrition behavior change communication (BCC) – was found to have positive impacts on several dimensions of economic well-being; the provision of cash coupled with BCC increased household consumption and assets more than the provision of cash alone, probably by inducing increases in income generation capabilities through social capital and women’s empowerment. In addition, large positive effects of the Transfer Modality Research Initiative were observed on child nutritional status. Three studies investigated the impacts of another type of safety net, the provision of school meals – which was shown to alleviate poverty in Armenia, increase equity in Mexico, and generate positive impacts on nutrition and health of adolescent girls in Uganda. The gender dimensions of the impact of social protection interventions were also examined. A book chapter and a related UNICEF thought piece reviewed the evidence on the impact of social safety nets on gender equality and measures of women’s empowerment in Africa; the review concluded that safety nets have substantial potential to improve gender equality and that more evidence is needed on which programs designs best improve outcomes for women. A study in Egypt showed that the Takaful and Karama cash transfer program reduces women’s control over decision making and labor supply. Research in Pakistan showed that, when the beneficiaries of cash transfers perceive their relative deprivation, they show a higher level of support for political leaders and institutions, 96 while non-beneficiaries become politically disgruntled. This finding has important implications for our understanding of the political ramifications of rising inequality and social protection programs. Research on improving resilience in fragile settings expanded. A journal article compared the effects on education of school meals versus general food distribution in conflict-affected Mali and found that school feeding leads to increases in enrolment and to an additional half-year of completed schooling on average. A policy brief reported that nutrition-sensitive cash transfers in war-torn Yemen improve food expenditure, child diet diversity and child nutritional status. The results were presented at a policy seminar during which lessons on delivering nutrition messages in a conflict setting were also shared. Another study in Yemen measured the impact of a youth employment program on trust and social capital. A new project started in Ethiopia to test interventions to improve market systems and livelihoods for refugees from South Sudan and Somalia and the local population. Finally, the team continued to identify approaches for reducing reliance on social protection programs through evaluating a World Vision-led multisectoral approach to graduate households from Ethiopia’s safety net program and a job training and asset transfer program for unemployed individuals within or just outside of the threshold of Egypt’s main safety net program. Flagship 5 “Governance of Natural Resources” In 2019, PIM’s work led to several outcomes in the areas of natural resource governance and tenure security. The results of a study on forest concessions in the Maya Reserve Biosphere in Petén, Guatemala were used as key inputs in Guatemala’s National Council for Protected Areas’ decision to approve regulations to renew these concessions and in the renewal of the first concession. In India, the Promise of Commons initiative (which aims to restore 30 million acres of degraded forests and pasture land by 2023) led by the Foundation for Ecological Security drew on PIM research to support the states of Odisha and Andhra Pradesh to strengthen tenure of the commons, including forests, rangelands, and water resources. In Ethiopia, PIM and LIVESTOCK, together with GIZ and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, provided support to the consultative development of the woreda participatory land use planning guide, which will be applied for improving land use planning across the country’s agro-pastoral areas. In Tanzania, PIM, with LIVESTOCK and the International Fund for Agricultural Development, supported the development and piloting of joint village land use planning to protect 175,000 hectares of grazing lands for local livestock keepers; now the Government of Tanzania is scaling up the approach through a Global Environment Facility grant across twenty-two villages in five districts. Experimental games developed by PIM and WLE to strengthen institutional capacity in managing common water resources are being scaled out to improve ground and surface water governance in India. Payments for agrobiodiversity conservation services piloted by PIM are being scaled up in Peru with Global Environment Facility funding. PIM continued to invest in action research on multistakeholder platforms (MSPs) to address natural resource competition and conflict, from supporting the design of MSPs in India with the Foundation for Ecological Security to producing a manual for designing studies on MSPs based on PIM research on this topic in Brazil, Ethiopia, Indonesia and Peru. Working with indigenous peoples and the Peruvian National Service of Protected Areas, PIM created a joint evaluation tool for co-management areas. Within the frame of the Multistakeholder Platform Community of Practice initiative promoted by International Land Coalition in partnership with Collaborating for Resilience, representatives from 18 institutions gathered to share progress and explore partnerships on the role of MSPs in improving land and natural resource governance. 97 In addition to progress on learning games in India, the Rulal game is used to strengthen landscape governance in Lao PDR and as a teaching tool in universities. A team developed a general framework for the assessment of rangeland governance under contrasting contexts of land tenure in Southern Tunisia. A note was published on how to foster joint forest and water conservation at the local level in Kenya and Uganda. As part of the project “Towards New Equitable and Participatory Public and Private Models for Biodiversity Conservation” with funding from the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, and Nuclear Safety, an interactive map was launched to illustrate examples of participatory area- based approaches to biodiversity conservation. Capacity building also took place in the area of tenure security. Training tools were shared with community leaders for better understanding and protecting forest tenure rights and privileges in Uganda, and a land titling guide for indigenous communities in Peru was produced. A practitioners’ handbook describes good practices for implementation of forest tenure reforms. An analysis of tenure and forest land restoration in Boeny district, Madagascar highlighted the importance of customary collective forest use and governance arrangements; these results contributed to a strengthened focus on collective tenure security in a GIZ project on forest policy in the area. A guide to investing in collectively held resources drew on four case study countries with successful arrangements for collectively managing natural resources: Guatemala, Mexico and Nepal (devolution of forest rights to communities) and Namibia (devolution of wildlife rights to communities); that topic was also featured in a PIM webinar. The Flagship 5 team contributed two other webinars to the PIM webinar series in 2019, on land tenure and perceived tenure security in Africa and on innovations to secure pastoral land tenure and governance in Ethiopia and Tanzania. Gender was addressed in several initiatives, from integrating gender in participatory forest management plans in Kenya to protecting women’s rights to land and forest in the Democratic Republic of Congo, as well as a gender-disaggregated analysis of tenure security in Mozambique and a synthesis on women’s land rights in Africa. PIM-LIVESTOCK innovations for participatory planning in rangelands in Tanzania seek to enhance opportunities for active participation of women. At the 8th World Conference on Ecological Restoration, PIM joined FTA and WLE to organize a session drawing attention to the need to integrate gender and social inclusion considerations into forest restoration. Flagship 6 “Cross-cutting Gender Research and Coordination” The Flagship 6 team continued to improve the measurement and understanding of women's empowerment in agriculture, support the inclusion of gender analysis in other flagships, and manage the Gender Platform, thereby contributing to progress in the use of gender research methods within and outside of CGIAR. In addition, the flagship provided evidence to decision makers toward strengthening gender dimensions of policies and programs in several countries. By the end of 2019, 54 countries and 103 organizations had used a version of the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI, Project WEAI, Abbreviated WEAI or pilot version of WEAI for value chains-WEAI4VC) to analyze the drivers and impacts of women’s empowerment. In 2019, the NGO Swisscontact implemented the WEAI and pilot version of WEAI4VC in the cashew, dairy, and fruits value chains in Southern Honduras in collaboration with Flagship 3. A survey-based module to measure women’s freedom of movement in gender studies of agricultural value chains and a guide on participatory methods to collect data on gender dynamics and empowerment in agriculture were piloted. Recommendations for collecting individual-level data on ownership and control of assets in household and farm surveys were published. In Senegal, vignettes (survey instruments used to measure concepts more easily defined by examples) were used in a survey to understand patterns of intrahousehold decision-making, highlighting the importance of identifying not just who makes 98 decisions but also why. Two issues of the Journal of Gender, Agriculture and Food Security were published with support from PIM. PIM research informed Nigeria’s National Gender Policy in Agriculture (with Flagship 2). The Cash Transfer and Intimate Partner Violence Research Collaborative, launched in 2018 on the basis of PIM research, presented findings at high-level events including the Conference of the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women. DFID’s “What Works” program and the World Health Organization’s RESPECT Women framework for preventing violence against women drew upon the work of the Collaborative. Key findings include: (1) cash, food, and vouchers reduce intimate partner violence in urban Ecuador; (2) cash transfers conditional on schooling reduce intimate partner violence among young women in South Africa, and (3) coupling food and cash transfers with behavior change communication leads to sustained reductions in intimate partner violence in Bangladesh. Results on women’s employment and land ownership in Egypt and Morocco were shared at a workshop organized by the London School of Economics, a presentation was given to the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation and Ministry of Agriculture of Uzbekistan on the gendered impacts of income shocks in Central Asia, and flagship leader Cheryl Doss gave the Memorial Lecture, on understanding rural household behavior, at the African Conference of Agricultural Economists. In Papua New Guinea, a study found that increased feelings of relative poverty make both men and women more likely to support girls’ schooling and women’s paid employment, suggesting that relative economic insecurity can prompt support for women’s economic participation; however, increased feelings of relative poverty may trigger greater intra- household tension. These findings led to designing follow-up work with the government. Initial results of research in Uganda were published: A study on the barriers to women’s participation in the sugarcane value chain underscores the importance of men’s participation to make women’s economic empowerment initiatives successful; a second study, on using information and communication technologies to empower women, shows that targeting women increases their take-up of recommended practices, their role in agricultural decision making and the quantities they sell on the market. The Gender Platform held eight webinars on gender research, released four newsletters, and produced campaigns for International Women’s Day and the International Day of Rural Women to highlight the role of CGIAR gender research in transforming women’s lives. The Platform jointly convened the “Seeds of Change: Gender Equality through Agricultural Research for Development” conference with the University of Canberra and the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research. CGIAR led or participated in most sessions and played a major role in the success of the conference, which attracted over 250 participants; PIM sponsored the participation of nearly 60 CGIAR scientists. Cross-CRP engagement on gender dynamics in seed systems through the Platform continued, and a set of nine projects on the feminization of agriculture was initiated. The Platform was commissioned by the European Commission (EC) to provide a better understanding of gender-transformative approaches in agriculture, with a focus on their implementation by the Rome-based agencies through various EC-funded projects. A high-profile report on how research on agriculture and natural resource management can promote gender equality was prepared for publication in 2020 and featured in a policy seminar. A brochure highlights the achievements of the Platform’s three years of activity under PIM. 99