Copyright © 2002 by the International Service for National Agricultural Research (ISNAR), The Netherlands.
ISNAR encourages the fair use of this material. Proper citation is requested.
Citation
ISNAR. 2002. Annual Report 2001. The Hague: International Service for National Agricultural Research.
AGROVOC descriptors
agriculture; cooperation; evaluation; food policies; health policies; management; planning; research institutions;
safety
CABI descriptors
agricultural policies; agricultural research; aids; biosafety; capacity; cooperation; evaluation; food policy; health
policy; institution building; management; planning; research institutes; training
ISBN 92-9118-061-0
Annual Report
Contents
Message from the Board Chair and the Director General 2
Highlights:
Transformation triumph 4
Evaluating institutional change 6
Planning for learning for life 8
Supporting and enhancing biosafety systems 10
Networking for action against AIDS 12
Facilitating South-South collaboration 14
Spotlight on intellectual property 16
Project activities 18
No peace without food security by Stein W. Bie 29
Postcard from home 30
Publications 32
Board of Trustees and Staff 37
Financial report 41
Donors supporting ISNAR 43
Acronyms/abbreviations 44
Translations:
Résumé 47
Resumen 53
59
65
76
Message from the Board Chair and Director General
2001 was a year in which many administrators of development assistance in rich countries and national
planning institutes in poor countries asked themselves whether food security, poverty alleviation, and
sustainable use of natural resources would ever happen. As they prepared their figures for the first review of
the 1996 World Food Summit and the 10th anniversary of the UN Conference on Environment and
Development (also known as Rio+10), both to be held in 2002, the picture looked bleak. It became clear that
the laudable targets they had subscribed to years ago would not be reached. Hunger and poverty persist at
virtually the same levels, and wise use of land, water, and air is still a dream in many regions. Overseas
development assistance declined in many rich countries, and never in modern history did so little go into the
primary rural industries. In 2001, less than 7.5% was invested in agriculture and related projects.
In 2001, ISNAR poised itself to meet the challenges of an environment in which international investors in
development are awakening to the failure of past strategies, and in which national governments are
rethinking their tools for alleviating poverty. ISNAR’s Board of Trustees, management, and staff spent part of
2001 in dialogue with developing-country strategists, donors, and renowned academics to find new ways to
tackle the seemingly intractable problems in agricultural development. Together we developed a new “Road
Map” for ISNAR, the key words of which are institutional innovation. Through experience with earlier
projects, ISNAR knows that new organizational structures and new modes of operation are required if agri-
cultural research is to make meaningful contributions in rapidly changing national and global environments.
We also know that agriculture alone cannot solve all the pressing problems; it can only contribute as part of a
cross-sectoral setting. And we know that ultimately, many of the solutions must come from the South—they
can neither be generated nor imposed by the North. In 2001, we pulled all this knowledge together in a new
organizational structure, focusing sharply on a limited number of issues that we felt to be critical to the
creation of new hope and new incentives for investments in the impoverished primary rural industries.
In this Annual Report we highlight seven examples of the concentrated effort ISNAR is making to create
institutional innovation through mobilizing talents in the South. We show how older institutions can reshape
themselves under changing conditions, as in Cuba; how African agricultural research organizations have
formed an umbrella organization to exchange knowledge among each other for more efficient contributions
2
to development; how new modes of participatory learning can forge ties and commitments among
developing-country scientists; and how national scientists from the South extend ISNAR’s capacity to assist
in small but critical projects. We also report on major efforts with other CGIAR institutes to see how
agriculture and human health are interrelated, rather than a set of issues to be dealt with separately by
different government ministries—HIV/AIDS, for example, is posing one of the greatest threats to people,
food security, and environmental sustainability. Finally, we report on two aspects of high science that are
critical to the successful application of modern technology: biosafety, which must be observed to ensure that
no dangerous organisms enter the agricultural production environment, and intellectual property rights
regimes, which are needed to fairly balance incentives to innovate with access to innovation by all.
The continued support of our donors enabled us to balance our accounts in 2001—albeit at a level where we
had to disappoint many who asked for our assistance. While we thank all our donors for their contributions,
we record with particular gratitude major increases in contributions from Canada, Italy, and Norway and the
strong, steady support from our host country, the Netherlands. We also note that the World Bank
increasingly solicits our assistance when responding to requests from developing countries, possibly
signaling a new mode of cooperation between the two institutions. In 2002, the declared new interest in rural
development by this and other leading investors will require innovation of institutions that serve the rural
poor in the developing world. ISNAR wants to assist in ensuring that this institutional innovation is
generated primarily and owned fully by the developing countries.
Moïse Christophe Mensah Stein W. Bie
Chair, Board of Trustees Director General
3
Transformation triumph
Making a change to make a difference is difficult for any partners, scientific partners, industrial and banking in-
organization, but for one with continent-wide respon- stitutions, foundations, NGOs, farmers’ associations,
sibilities, the challenge is especially great. When the producers, processors, consumers, and market agents,
members of SPAAR (the World Bank-based Special Pro- with special emphasis on women’s groups. This wide
gram for African Agricultural Research) and FARA (the representation is a recognition that agricultural re-
Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa) decided a few search must take a broader view when setting priorities
years ago that a new FARA should be forged to meet the than in the past. It also reflects changing circumstances
challenges now being faced by national agricultural re- and the need to respond to the challenges of globaliza-
search systems, ISNAR was invited to perform the task of tion, trade liberalization, deregulation, and rapid ad-
transition manager. ISNAR’s long experience in manag- vances in biotechnology and information transfer.
ing institutional change for agricultural research, and its
well-established reputation for neutrality and efficiency, 2001 also saw the appointment of FARA’s first Execu-
would be invaluable. The year 2001 will be a special year tive Secretary, Dr Monty Jones, a highly respected and
in the annals of African agricultural research, being the well-known scientist who, until taking up his new ap-
year when the new FARA formally came into being as an pointment, worked at WARDA. ISNAR is pleased to
Africa-based, African-led, and African-managed organi- have managed the recruitment process that resulted in
zation. such a fitting appointment. It should be emphasized
that throughout the transition process, ISNAR has in-
As the global community shows renewed interest in help- sisted that all key decisions be taken by the founding
ing to solve Africa’s problems, an authoritative voice members and, through them, the national agricultural
speaking up for the needs of African agriculture, as seen research organizations. It is essential to the future suc-
by Africans themselves, is essential. That voice will only cess of FARA that full ownership of the organization is
be heard and respected if it is truly representative of the taken by its members.
people who matter in agricultural development. At the
forefront are the national agricultural research systems So what does the future hold for FARA? Providing that
and their representative subregional organizations. funding remains secure—and responsibility for this
FARA’s founding members are ASARECA (representing will increasingly devolve to African governments and
eastern and anglophone central Africa), CORAF (repre- institutions—FARA has a busy future ahead. As its
senting West and francophone central Africa), and name suggests, it will provide a forum for those in-
SACCAR (representing southern Africa). Under the new volved with agricultural research to meet to exchange
FARA constitution, signed in April 2001, ordinary mem- information and identify priority themes of a pan-
bers will be added, including donor and development African nature. FARA will also mobilize resources for
4
such research, facilitate Africa-wide research projects and
networks, and help strengthen capacity within the sub-
regional and national agricultural research organizations.
Equally important will be its task of presenting an African
perspective to the rest of the world. Africa needs a power-
ful advocate, and ISNAR is proud to have played a role in
forging a new future for African agricultural research.
an authoritative voice
speaking up for the needs of
African agriculture
is essential
5
Evaluating institutional change
People make things happen. This is why developing rectly with agricultural research institutions, laying out
people’s capacity to achieve better results is widely recog- clear directions for research priorities. Those State
nized as a sensible use of an institute’s resources. Still, as farms have now disappeared, and agricultural research
with any initiative for change, it is also wise to find out institutions must find a way to respond to the needs of
how effective that initiative has been. Faced with excep- small and medium-sized producers and, with them,
tional challenges during the 1990s, Cuba recognized the plan research priorities and disseminate results. To do
urgent need for a major change in its agricultural research this, they needed to look beyond what was happening
institutions, and, subsequently, the need to evaluate both on-farm and understand the entire agrofood chain from
the process by which that change had taken place and its beginning to end.
results. Through its New Paradigm Project (supported by
funding from the Swiss and Dutch governments), ISNAR For IIP, the need to build institutional capacity in order
has been involved in the preparations for this radical re- to analyze the agrofood chain had been particularly im-
form. portant. This would lead to a better contribution to the
formulation of national agricultural policies; allow the
2001 saw the completion of an evaluation of the capacity institution to share its capacity with partner organiza-
development process within the Swine Research Institute tions; and enhance its own credibility in order to secure
(IIP), one of the 17 institutes that make up Cuba’s national political, financial, and institutional support. Capacity
system for science and technological innovation in agri- building in analyzing the agrofood chain took place
culture (SINCITA). The outcome of the evaluation clearly largely through a process of learning by doing, using
shows that the institute now possesses a greatly enhanced ISNAR training materials, and under ISNAR’s technical
understanding of, and ability to adjust to, the needs of the guidance. Some 80 managers, scientists, and others
country’s pork industry. The evaluation also demon- were involved in a series of about 140 workshops and
strates ISNAR’s contribution to achieving this. meetings. The evaluation during 2001 set out to dis-
cover how successful this process had been.
Cuba experienced changes in its economic situation that
were both profound and rapid. The disintegration of the The first hurdle to overcome was a deep suspicion of
former Soviet Union brought to an end the trading rela- the evaluation process itself. Participants were sur-
tionship upon which its economy had been based since prised to find that this was not to be an inquisition but a
the 1960s. This presented a major challenge to agricul- participatory, interactive process to which all would
tural research and development. Previously, State- contribute and from which all would learn. There was
managed farms, with assured inputs from the Soviet collective agreement that the most important outcome
Union and an assured market, had been able to deal di- was the notable change in the culture of the institution.
6
IIP’s staff now feel a much greater sense of common pur-
pose, commitment, and confidence. As a result, projects
formulated since the study are driven less by narrow con-
cerns and more by the problems to be solved. Now a na-
tional example of institutional innovation, IIP saw its
budget grow by more than 11% in 2001 as new research
projects based on the results of the agrofood chain study
were awarded. The director of IIP received a national
management award in recognition of IIP’s contribution to
Cuban agriculture.
And the evaluation process itself? That, too, has been con-
sidered so useful that self-assessment is set to become an
accepted practice. Of particular importance to ISNAR has
been the opportunity to help IIP respond so positively to
a major challenge and to do so with the expertise avail-
able within the region and in Cuba in particular.
self-assessment is set to
become an accepted practice
www.isnar.cgiar.org/ecd
7
Planning for learning for life
To learn, enjoy the experience, then promptly forget most workshop with both subject-area and training special-
of what has been learned is the fate, or missed fortune, of ists from ISNAR. During the week’s intensive activities,
many adult learners. Learning may be further hampered the course content is explained, and then discussed and
by the common belief that any expert can teach his or her refined by the participants. Their input is subsequently
own subject. Adult learning requires trainers who have incorporated into the training course module. (A selec-
experience, skill, and a thorough understanding of educa- tion of ISNAR’s training modules are available on the
tional science. And training must be very carefully Internet and can be downloaded and used by anyone
planned and highly structured if the benefits of the course who wishes to do so.)
are to be of lasting value. During 2001, ISNAR continued
to develop a range of training programs and supporting Immediately following the first workshop, a second is
training materials that are now bringing benefits to agri- held during which the newly trained trainers reinforce
cultural research institutions throughout the world. Re- their freshly acquired skills by delivering the training
search managers who have been trained to be creative in course to participants from agricultural research insti-
their thinking bring innovation to their institutions and tutions. The specialists remain on hand to help if
help them respond better to the needs of their clients, needed. The second workshop is held immediately af-
many of whom are poor farmers. Education can indeed ter the first, not only for the practical purpose of reduc-
help people escape from poverty. ing costs but, more important, because it gives the
trainers an immediate opportunity to put into practice
Competent scientists often find themselves promoted what they have learned. This means that they are more
away from the laboratory bench and into managerial po- likely to have the confidence to continue the training
sitions for which they have little or no experience. The process after they have returned to their places of work.
risk is that the institution gains a poor manager while
losing a good scientist. Training in agricultural research It has always been a challenge to bridge the gap be-
management has been a key ISNAR activity for many tween the enthusiastic embrace of learning in a work-
years, with particular emphasis given to training of train- shop environment and the difficulties of putting what
ers to achieve a multiplier effect. The first step is always has been learned into practice when faced with the real-
to identify needs, both individual and institutional. Po- ities of the workplace. Participants of ISNAR training
tential trainers are then identified. They are very carefully programs are encouraged to commit themselves to
selected on the basis of their qualities of leadership and plans of action that they will attempt to implement after
enthusiastic desire to share knowledge with others. The the training. A key element of this is that the organizers
content of the training course is then drafted. The next of the training project follow up on the participants’
stage is to bring the new trainers together in a week-long success with their plan 6 to 12 months later. Not only
8
does this add value to the participants’ training, but their
comments also provide valuable feedback to ISNAR’s
training unit.
Of special interest in 2001 was the project titled “How to
Write a Winning Proposal for INCO-Dev,” a joint initia-
tive of ISNAR and ICRA. Funded by the European Union,
the project was a response to the difficulties faced by
many developing-country institutions as they attempt to
source funds from the European Union’s INCO-Dev
program, which only funds consortia of developed- and
developing-country partners. The initiative was sup-
ported between April and September 2001 by a perma-
nently manned helpdesk at ISNAR. Twenty-eight
consortia requested assistance in completing
INCO-Dev’s application forms. As a direct result of this
project, INCO-Dev has already approved six applications
for funds, worth several million dollars, and more may
follow in 2002.
trainers are carefully
ISNAR hopes that the wider adoption of its training phi- selected for their leadership
losophy—learning for institutional innovation—will help qualities and desire to
establish a culture of education within agricultural re-
search institutions that will bring long-lasting benefits to share knowledge
all.
www.isnar.cgiar.org/activities/training/selection.htm
www.isnar.cgiar.org/events.htm
9
Supporting and enhancing biosafety systems
Modern agricultural biotechnology poses an enormous proach to the design and implementation of efficient
challenge to developed and developing countries alike. biosafety systems. The analysis of wider issues such as
The decision to tackle this challenge, to what extent, and the impact on poor farmers, international trade, the
how, can only be taken based on a thorough understand- environment, and consumer acceptance should guide
ing of all the implications of the various scenarios. The de- the development and implementation of legal frame-
cision becomes all the more pressing as the opportunities works, biosafety committees, and regulatory systems.
to use genetically modified organisms (GMOs) increase. No country should be pressured into establishing
Indeed, hand in hand with the use of GMOs go concerns piecemeal biosafety procedures simply because an ap-
about environmental safety and health. Governments plication to import GMOs has been made by powerful
must be aware of the implications of biotechnology on the groups and a response is urgently required. Even so,
environment and biodiversity, as well as on agricultural this often happens, which explains the importance of
development, trade, biodiversity protection, economic ISNAR’s  systematic focus.
prosperity, and public attitude. Working with the
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University 2001 saw the completion of a report by ISNAR and its
(Virginia Tech) and supported by funds from the govern- partners on Argentina’s regulatory policies and proce-
ments of Japan, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and the dures for biosafety. To be published jointly with
United Kingdom, ISNAR continued to strengthen its ex- Virginia Tech and the University of Buenos Aires, this
pertise in biosafety in 2001 and to make that expertise study, together with a similar report on Egypt in 2000,
available to developing-country institutions as part of the highlights essential elements for any national biosafety
ISNAR Biotechnology Service (IBS). The timing could not system. One of these elements includes the path of reg-
be more important. ulatory review and approval leading to commercial re-
lease, and the necessary institutional structure neces-
International consensus on biosafety (the environmen- sary to conduct such a review.
tally safe application of modern biotechnology) was
reached under the Cartagena Protocol in 2000. During An equally important element relates to people.
2000 and 2001, the 130 signatory countries were asked to Clearly, the quality of biosafety review and decision
formally ratify the agreement. Ratifying the Protocol re- making, and the safe and appropriate handling of
quires that countries have a functional biosafety system GMOs, is directly linked to the training and experience
in place, a situation that many countries cannot yet claim. of the people involved. Each nation will undoubtedly
ISNAR, from its unique perspective of linking interna- wish to build its own national competence in time, but,
tional and national agricultural research, has been assist- for many countries, there will continue to be a need to
ing countries in taking a strategic and systematic ap- call on regional or international expertise.
10
During 2001, ISNAR designed a framework for biosafety
capacity building under the Cartagena Protocol and, in
collaboration with the Global BioDiversity Institute, de-
veloped training courses on biosafety for countries in
sub-Saharan Africa. Agricultural research institutes, uni-
versities, and policymakers from relevant ministries in
East and West Africa, were able to take advantage of these
courses during the year. There is still a tremendous short-
age of biosafety expertise, and ISNAR believes that this
should be addressed by more effective coordination of
the various regional and international initiatives. Also,
attention should be given to institutionalizing long-term
solutions by developing biosafety training capacity with-
in developing countries, such as providing special assis-
tance to regulators and supporting the review of permits
for field testing.
As a CGIAR Center with a long-term approach to
biosafety and with a reputation for objective, balanced
reporting, ISNAR is making a significant contribution to hand in hand with the use of
the development of biosafety systems worldwide, a role it GMOs go concerns about
expects to further expand in future. This expansion will environmental safety
occur by increasing collaboration with African and Asian
NAROs, FAO, and other international organizations in and health
IBS’s work on decision support tools, training, capacity
building, and research.
www.isnar.cgiar.org/ibs
11
Networking for action against AIDS
“We are all affected.” “AIDS is more than a health prob- tions can be more conscious and better targeted, and
lem.” These are some of the mantras of the AIDS epidem- their effects felt in years, not decades.
ics, repeated in speeches and sermons across Africa and
now, increasingly, in Asia and Latin America too. But the Some aspects of the link between AIDS and agricultural
capacity to act on these calls, particularly at the institu- economies are well known. How can grandparents and
tional level, lags behind. ISNAR believes that the agricul- orphans be expected to grow as much food as did the
tural sector plays a key role, and it is therefore working to once able-bodied generation? Rural households often
show that fresh thinking in agricultural research and de- have to spend much of their savings to cater for the sick
velopment policy can help prevent the spread of HIV in- and to arrange traditional and often elaborate funerals.
fection and lessen the impact of AIDS. Supported by Children are withdrawn from school for lack of school
grants from Norway and Canada (CIDA and IDRC), and fees, or to perform the role of carers and to provide farm
joined by IFPRI and FAO, ISNAR is building strong, en- labor. What will the impact be as this younger genera-
thusiastic networks of public and private organizations, tion grows up? Other aspects are less well recognized.
NGOs, and farmers’ organizations, beginning with two HIV/AIDS can break the chain of knowledge that links
countries in Africa: Malawi and Uganda. These are now one generation to another. It can seriously erode insti-
fully committed to taking actions that should ultimately tutions, from those at the village level that manage criti-
result in reduced rates of HIV infection. cal natural resources to those at the national level, such
as research institutes, whose experienced staff are criti-
The link between agriculture and HIV/AIDS is not an ob- cal human resources.
vious one for most researchers and development work-
ers. Yet, historically, changes in the way people live and Agricultural research has a key role to play in devising
in how and where they make a living have had a decisive ways to mitigate the impact of the disease. Techniques
effect in diminishing the ravages caused by major dis- that reduce the need for labor are but one aspect of this
eases, including tuberculosis and malaria, long before work. It is equally important to answer the question:
medicines or vaccines became available. Such changes what can agricultural research and development do to
were mostly the by-product of wider development, and control the spread of infection? Indeed, could it be that
the health benefits a happy accident. The challenge agricultural policies contribute to that spread?
ISNAR and its partners currently face is to enhance un-
derstanding of the links between rural livelihoods and 2001 saw the publication of reports on HIV/AIDS and
food security on the one hand, and HIV infection and agriculture in Malawi and Uganda. Prepared by in-
AIDS-linked illness, and death, on the other. This way, ac- country experts in collaboration with ISNAR, they
12
present an assessment of the present situation, the appar-
ent trends, and the responses of institutions to the chal-
lenge. The reports formed the basis for a “think tank,” a
meeting of scientists and development workers from
State-sector agricultural research and health institutions,
national AIDS commissions, NGOs, and so on. By agree-
ing to leave their affiliations “at the door,” they were able
to concentrate on what should be done, to decide on pri-
orities for action research, and to recommend how the
network, as the initiative came to be known, should be or-
ganized. Think-tank participants then presented their
recommendations to stakeholders—ministers, heads of
AIDS commissions, deans of agricultural faculties, and
other senior representatives of government and non-
government organizations. Their work has put the net-
works on their feet in each country. Action-research
funds are being established. ISNAR will continue to use AIDS can break the chain of
its special relationship with national and other interna-
tional institutions such as IFPRI, WARDA, and FAO, to knowledge that links one
forge effective partnerships that are committed to making generation to another
a real difference to the lives of those affected by or at risk
of HIV/AIDS.
www.isnar.cgiar.org/about_isnar/mtp_2004/project5.htm
13
Facilitating South-South collaboration
Over the years, as part of their effort to strengthen agri- Philippines, has been helping with ISNAR’s
cultural research in the developing countries, the Centers Biotechnology Service, while Carlos Pomareda from
of the CGIAR have come to work with tens of thousands Peru advised the government of Nicaragua on agricul-
of developing-country scientists, who bring their skills to tural research policy. Silvia Galvez from Chile and Li
international agricultural research and return to their Xiaoyun from China have helped ISNAR to support re-
own national systems with those skills enhanced. This search organizations in their endeavors to forge better
two-way skills-enhancing process is the cornerstone on links with their clients. Silvia Galvez is reviewing and
which ISNAR founded its Global Associates program, improving ISNAR materials on integrating agro-
initiated three years ago as a response to the increasing industrial demands into agricultural research, and Li
number of requests for ISNAR’s services. The network of Xiaoyun is proposing new projects for farmer-centered
Global Associates, expanding to a total of 17 in 2001, con- research in a shifting political context.
tinues to be a fine example of innovative thinking.
Especially well attuned to the challenges faced by de-
ISNAR’s Global Associates are outstanding, experienced veloping countries and often closer in language and
professionals who remain in the employ of their own na- culture, the Global Associates are able to respond sym-
tional institutions but allocate a portion of their time to pathetically to the needs of national agricultural re-
work with ISNAR on projects in other organizations and search institutions. Through the program they gain
countries. They are able to provide cost-effective services wider experience, which, in turn, strengthens their own
to national agricultural research institutions that seek organizations. The program also enables ISNAR to
professional advice in a range of management skills. Dur- meet a greater number of requests for its services.
ing 2001, ISNAR’s Global Associates contributed many
days of work. For example, Robert Obura, from Kenya, The Global Associates network is an excellent example
manned a help-desk between April and September to as- of South-South collaboration facilitated by an interna-
sist African research organizations in preparing propos- tional organization, and it clearly demonstrates that re-
als for the European Union’s INCO-Dev initiative (see cruiting scientists from the South makes sense. Such
also our story on page 9). Obura, along with fellow work is now part of a larger effort by ISNAR to
Kenyans Lilian Kimani and Charity Kabutha, and Mick strengthen its ability to pursue new and more entrepre-
Mwala from Zambia, delivered several ISNAR training neurial approaches to support agricultural research
workshops in Africa. Philippine-born Gigi Manicad and innovation.
served as project coordinator for an initiative on organiz-
ing and managing ecoregional programs. Emy Ballelos- In recognition of a rapidly changing environment for
Duran, who is head of a nuclear research center in the agricultural research, ISNAR is seizing new opportuni-
14
ties. It is teaming up with other research and nonresearch
organizations, accessing nontraditional modes of fund-
ing, and delivering novel products and services to
strengthen the impact of its work on poor consumers and
producers, in both rural and urban environments.
scientists return to their
institutions with
enhanced skills
www.isnar.cgiar.org/iga
15
Spotlight on intellectual property
The Centers of the CGIAR, whether they feel comfortable stand the origination and use of intellectual property, to
about it or not, are in the spotlight over issues of intellec- start the process of deciding on the new management
tual property. The Central Advisory Service on Intellec- procedures that may be necessary, and to engage scien-
tual Property (CAS), housed within ISNAR, continued to tists in an ethical debate on intellectual property rights.
provide expert advice throughout 2001, helping to ensure
effective and ethical management of a diverse range of in- These meetings not only raise awareness of the issues,
tellectual property issues. but also provide an opportunity to alleviate some of the
inevitable anxieties and suggest practical, easy to im-
Many scientists are understandably anxious about intel- plement procedures that help protect both scientists
lectual property rights (IPR). Others prefer not to think and Centers from future criticism. Keeping proper lab-
about such things at all. Many display a certain degree of oratory records of incoming and outgoing chemical
innocence about the extent to which their own work is substances and laboratory materials is one example of
subject to, or makes use of, other people’s intellectual such a procedure. Other areas include proper intellec-
property. Scientists are naturally well informed about tual property provisions in employment contracts,
such issues as plant breeders’ rights and material transfer funding agreements, and where appropriate, in visi-
agreements, but they may be less aware of the copyright tors’ documentation. A team of experts, from both
rules surrounding the information they wish to use in the within and outside the CGIAR, is now available to help
course of their work. In addition, it is not always easy to with advice and training.
find out whether such information is free or merely acces-
sible, a distinction even more difficult to make nowadays Beyond visiting individual Centers to provide assis-
because of the Internet. tance with their specific needs, CAS also organizes
CGIAR-wide meetings and workshops on intellectual
The principal tasks of CAS are to raise the awareness of property. Other services include the preparation of
intellectual property issues that must be addressed, and briefing papers on topics of interest to the Centers and
to assist CGIAR Centers in developing the capacity to set the dissemination of information and topical reports
up appropriate management of intellectual property. through the CAS Website. Searches of patent databases
During 2001, visits were made to CIP, CIAT, and may be requested, and CAS is willing to review Center
CIMMYT (January), CIFOR, IWMI, ICRISAT, and agreements and contracts that have an intellectual
ICLARM (February), IFPRI (March), IITA, WARDA, and property component. Training can be provided, includ-
IPGRI (April), and IRRI (July). At each Center, the CAS ing internships at Centers—in 2001, both ISNAR and
manager held seminars and individual and group meet- WARDA hosted a CAS intern. CAS also functions as a
ings to help scientists and administrative staff under- liaison mechanism on intellectual property issues
16
between CGIAR Centers and national and international
authorities.
Keeping up to date with patent and other intellectual
property legislation is a major undertaking, which is
likely to intensify as WTO negotiators increasingly turn
their attention to such issues. In this regard, CAS helps
CGIAR Centers be well informed when exposed to public
scrutiny. Traditionally, the Centers seek to provide the
greatest possible access to their knowledge. CAS enables
them to do so while protecting the intellectual property
that is demanded by legislation and ethical consider-
ations. CAS appreciates the support of the Centers—the
Centers’ continued funding of the CAS office underscores
their vote of confidence.
CAS helps CGIAR centers set
up appropriate management
of intellectual property
www.isnar.cgiar.org/cas
17
Project activities in 2001
Region/countries Activities and outputs Donors/collaborators
1. Globalization: Analyzing forces, processes, and options for NARS
Global Finalized the manuscript “Globalization and the Developing DFID; CAB International
Countries: Emerging Strategies for Rural Development and Poverty
Alleviation,” to be published by CABI Publishing in 2002.
Global Studied food-safety regulations and other trade barriers under the DFID
WTO agreements.
Drafted a paper titled “The Impact of the WTO Agreements on Food
Safety Standards on Agricultural Exports from Developing
Countries.”
Bangladesh, China, Further developed work to target poverty alleviation through DFID; IRRI; PCARRD; FAO;
India, Philippines, agricultural research. Chinese researchers
Vietnam, Coauthored an article titled “Geographical Targeting of Poverty Coauthor IGIDR
Alleviation Programs: Methodology and Applications in Rural India,”
to be published in Journal of Policy Modeling (see also DP 01-8).
2. Informing agricultural research policymakers about trends in research: Agricultural science and technology
indicators (ASTI)
Global Posted a wholly redesigned and expanded ASTI Website under the CGIAR Finance Committee;
CGIAR home page. The Website (www.asti.cgiar.org) is an on-line IFPRI
version of ASTI’s agricultural R&D-investment indicators database,
with NARS profiles for more than 180 countries and a searchable
bibliography.
Global Continued developing the AROW database and linked it from the CGIAR Finance Committee
new ASTI Website. AROW, which is now completely searchable,
currently holds more than 2500 links to agricultural research
organizations and departments worldwide. In 2001, the AROW web
pages received nearly 100,000 “hits.”
Global Published “Slow Magic: Agricultural R&D a Century after Mendel.” IFPRI
Global / Africa Continued data-collection work: Carried out an African survey, CGIAR Finance Committee;
updated expenditure data for OECD countries, updated and Denmark; IFPRI; SPAAR;
expanded NARS profiles. ASARECA; SACCAR; local
African counterparts
Caribbean, Central Published ISNAR Research Report 19 “Agricultural R&D in the CARDI; CEDAF; DIA;
America Caribbean: An Institutional and Statistical Profile.” FONTAGRO; INIFAP;
Drafted IFPRI reports on agricultural R&D in Mexico and Central IFPRI
America.
18
Region/countries Activities and outputs Donors/collaborators
Colombia, Brazil Submitted an article to the International Journal for Technology Embrapa; ANPEI; MST;
Management on structural transformation in agriculture (the role of IICA Colombia; DNP;
input industries in agricultural innovation). Colciencias; DANE
Continued research on major companies in the various agricultural
input industries.
3. Public-private partnerships for agroindustrial research
Latin America and the Developed the methodology and designed pilot projects and training BMZ-GTZ;  University of
Caribbean activities to launch the project “Public-Private Partnerships for Hohenheim; Embrapa;
Agroindustrial Research,” which aims to improve conditions for PROCIANDINO;
undertaking agricultural research in partnership with private PROCISUR; CIAT;
agroindustries in Latin America and the Caribbean. PROCITROPICOS;  IICA
4. Enhancing the governance and accountability of NAROs and NARS
Global Conducted literature reviews, prepared a bibliographic database, and DFID
finalized ISNAR Discussion Papers 01-9 and 01-10 on governance and
agricultural innovation.
Produced a draft discussion paper titled “Governing and Managing
Networks of Agricultural Research.”
Indonesia, Pakistan, In collaboration with participating NAROs: ADB; AIM; CDRI; CRI; RIR;
Sri Lanka, Vietnam • developed methods to assist decision makers in Indonesia with the AIAT Central Java; NIAH
decentralization of research (interim report);
• initiated studies of governance systems and mechanisms in
Indonesia, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka (contracted AIM to undertake
these studies).
Mozambique Continued governance work establishing a broad-based council to DANIDA; INIA
steer research activities.
Assisted with the establishment of a governance council to steer
agricultural research activities.
Uganda Assisted in preparing a new statute for Uganda’s NARO that World Bank; NARO
emphasizes stakeholder influence in decision making.
19
Region/countries Activities and outputs Donors/collaborators
Zambia Launched the implementation of priority-setting methods. World Bank; SCRB; MAFF;
Collaborated with a working group to assist SCRB in preparing the CDT; GART; University of
research component for the successor IBRD Agricultural Services Zambia
Investment Program (ASIP) in seeking stakeholder approval, and
advised the World Bank on critical organizational issues regarding
agricultural research in general and SCRB in particular.
Produced a report for the World Bank titled “Increasing the
Performance of Agricultural Research in Zambia: Further Issues for
the Agricultural Sector Investment Program.”
In collaboration with MAFF, produced “Report of Stakeholder
Consultation on the Soils and Crops Research Component: ASIP
Successor Program.”
5. Strategic management of institutional change in NARS
Colombia Trained a national team of facilitators in a methodology to organize SDC; PRONATTA; MOA
agricultural R&D projects.
Costa Rica, Cuba, Finalized the five-volume series “Innovación para la Sostenibilidad SDC; DGIS; Embrapa; INIA;
Ecuador, Panama, Institucional” on innovation for institutional sustainability, and UCV; UCE; PUCE;
Venezuela distributed it widely in participating countries. SINCITA; IDIAP; UCR;
UNA
Costa Rica, Ecuador Supported a graduate course on science, technology, and society; an SDC; UCE; PUCE; UCR
undergraduate course on community management; and an
undergraduate course on social management, all in Ecuador, as well
as a graduate course on social work for development in Costa Rica.
Mexico Trained the national central team of facilitators of institutional change. SDC; INIFAP
6. Assessment of the impact of capacity building in agricultural research management
Global In the project “Evaluating Capacity Development (ECD) in R&D ACIAR; CTA; GTZ; IDRC;
Organizations,” carried out evaluation studies and drafted evaluation SDC; Concordia University
reports on six organizational capacity-development efforts in (Canada); and collaborators
Bangladesh, Cuba, Ghana, Nicaragua, the Philippines, and Vietnam. in 13 national and
(See page 6 of this Annual Report for a story on ISNAR’s work on international R&D
evaluating institutional change in Cuba.) organizations in Africa,
Finalized two ISNAR Briefing Papers, to be published in 2002. Asia, and the Americas
Finalized a journal article titled “Issues in Planning, Implementing,
and Evaluating Capacity Development: A ‘Baker’s Dozen’," to be
published in 2002.
Continued development of the ECD Website:
www.isnar.cgiar.org/ecd
20
Region/countries Activities and outputs Donors/collaborators
7. ISNAR’s Biotechnology Service (IBS)
Global, China Held an international expert consultation on “Biotechnology and SDC; DGIS; Japan; CCAP;
Rural Livelihood: Enhancing the Benefits” and began drafting its IFPRI
findings in a concept note.
Planned a number of case studies to determine the economic impact
of the new products of agricultural biotechnology.
Drafted a report titled “Biotechnology Research—The Impact of
Transgenic Cotton and Policy Implications for China,” following a
study with CCAP.
Coorganized international workshop on “Plant Biotechnology in
China: Initial Findings, Research Methods, and Research Priorities,”
hosted by CCAP.
Global, Argentina Organized and conducted a consultation meeting titled “A SDC; DGIS; Japan; DFID;
Framework for Implementing Biosafety Under the Cartagena Virginia Tech; University of
Protocol: A Tool for Building Capacity,” in preparation for the Buenos Aires; AGBIOS;
drafting of a comprehensive conceptual framework for the safe ICCP; ICBAAR
implementation of biotechnology.
Produced an ISNAR Discussion Paper titled “Commercializing
Agricultural Biotechnology Products in Argentina: Analysis of
Biosafety Procedures” (DP 01-2).
Prepared a brief for CBD-ICCP titled “Consultative Group on
International Agricultural Research: Biotechnology Research and
Biosafety Capacity Building.”
Provided support to ICBAAR
Global, Southeast Asia Contributed a chapter titled “Managing Intellectual Property and SDC; DGIS; DFID
Proprietary Technology in Agricultural Research” to the book
“Globalization and the Developing Countries: Emerging Strategies for
Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation,” to be published by
CABI Publishing.
Produced ISNAR Briefing Paper 44S “Uso de Insumos y
Biotecnologías Apropriadas.”
Drafted the report titled “The Use of Proprietary Biotechnology
Research Inputs at Selected Southeast Asian NAROs.”
Global, Benin, Contributed to two regional management courses organized by the SDC; DGIS; GBDI
Tanzania Global BioDiversity Institute on the topic “Biodiversity,
Biotechnology, and Law.”
Published an article titled “Harnessing Biotechnology for the Poor:
Challenges Ahead for Capacity, Safety and Public Investment” in
Journal of Human Development.
21
Region/countries Activities and outputs Donors/collaborators
China Conducted a survey in China to determine how relevant physical, SDC; DGIS; CCAP
human, and financial resources are mobilized to implement
agricultural biotechnology.
Produced an ISNAR Discussion Paper on research indicators on
agricultural biotechnology in China (DP 01-5).
(See our story on page 10 for ISNAR’s work in agricultural
biotechnology.)
CGIAR-Central Advisory Service on Intellectual Property (CAS)
Global Interacted with CG-CAS liaison persons at every CGIAR Center CGIAR Finance Committee;
regarding intellectual property management. CGIAR Centers; FAO; IP
Responded to specific requests for assistance from all Centers. experts and expert
organizations
Global Organized and held a workshop “Helping Define Strategies for GTZ
Managing Intellectual Property in the CGIAR.”
Cotê d’Ivoire, Initiated internship program in intellectual property. WARDA; RF
West Africa
India Participated in “Biotechnology on the Fast Track: The CII Regulatory CII
Reform Conference.”
Organized an internship program in intellectual property. South Korea
(See page 16 for more about CAS’s work.)
8. Information and communications for agricultural research organizations
Global Drafted “Evaluating Information: A Letter to a Project Manager,” a CTA
hands-on, field-oriented manual for managers of information projects.
To be published, jointly with CTA, as an ISNAR Research
Management Guideline in 2002.
Asia Organized and conducted the workshop “Internet and Intranets: New Gov. of Japan (JIRCAS);
Opportunities for Change in Agricultural Research and Education,” in FAO; WUR; TANUVAS;
Chennai, India, and in Hanoi, Vietnam. ICARD; HAU
Asia Drafted plans for a module on the role of information in institutional FAO/WAICENT
development, to be included in a package of FAO/WAICENT
training and resource materials.
Egypt Participated in initial planning for a “Virtual Extension, Research, and FAO; MALR
Communication Network” (VERCON).
9. Agricultural research and the environment
Global Hosted the first consultative meeting of the CGIAR Systemwide Norway; WARDA; IFPRI;
Initiative on HIV/AIDS and Agriculture. CIP; ICRAF; ICRISAT;
Contributed a paper to the meeting on the organization and CIAT; FAO;
governance of the CGIAR-wide program. UNDP/UNAIDS
22
Region/countries Activities and outputs Donors/collaborators
Global Guest-edited a special issue of the journal Agricultural Systems titled IDRC; RIMISP/EU
“Deepening the Basis of Rural Resource Management,” to be
published in 2002. Contributed an article to this issue.
Global In the “Evaluation of Ecoregional Programs” project, coorganized an DGIS; IAC; Alterra; ETC;
international workshop “Meeting the Challenge of Ecoregional CGIAR Centers: CIAT,
Research” to draw lessons from the studies on seven ecoregional CIMMYT, CIP, ICRAF,
programs affiliated with the CGIAR centers and national IITA, IRRI
organizations. The workshop was attended by about 25 participants
from 16 countries.
Presented the results of this meeting at the CGIAR Mid-Term
Meeting. Three studies carried out in preparation for the workshop
were finalized for publication in 2002.
Global Developed a methodology for incorporating socioeconomic data for
targeting antimalaria measures on vulnerable communities and
identifying the main causes of their vulnerability to the spread of
malaria.
Eastern and southern Coordinating a regional network on HIV/AIDS, agriculture, and food IFPRI; FAO; NARO;
Africa security: ministries of agriculture of
• organized a think tank and stakeholder workshop in Malawi and Malawi and Uganda; SAT;
facilitated the emergence of an agricultural sector network, ITM; UNDP/UNAIDS;
including partners in public health; Univ. of East Anglia (ODG)
(UK); OXFAM; ECAPAPA;
• began the process in Uganda; IDRC
• produced the report “HIV/AIDS, Agriculture, and Food Security in
Malawi: Background to Action” (see page 12 of this Annual
Report).
10. Improving tools for research policy formulation, strategic planning, research linkages, and research system
development
Sub-Saharan Africa Conducted a workshop jointly with WARDA in Côte d’Ivoire titled CTA; WARDA
“A Collaborative Platform for Agricultural Research in Sub-Saharan
Africa.” Contributed two keynote papers.
Sub-Saharan Africa Finalized the two “University in NARS” manuscripts after peer
review. To be published as an ISNAR Research Management
Guideline in 2002.
Uganda Applied the analytic hierarchy process to determine priorities for NARO; Makerere
investments in agricultural biotechnology. University
Uganda, Philippines Produced a training module on priority setting in biotechnology. NARO; PCARRD; ETHZ
11. Towards integrated project-based agricultural research management systems
Global Finalized and published a 350-page book on management information CTA
systems titled “Knowing Where You’re Going: Information Systems
for Agricultural Research Management” (see page 34).
23
Region/countries Activities and outputs Donors/collaborators
Mozambique, Carried out service missions to provide MIS follow up and technical World Bank; ministries of
Tanzania, Uganda, backstopping. agriculture
Zambia Started the compilation work for a compendium on the
implementation of MIS in the NARS.
Mozambique, Uganda Conducted two in-country workshops to train African MIS trainers. World Bank; ministries of
agriculture
Held an international training workshop in the Netherlands, attended CTA
by research managers from Botswana, Ethiopia, Ghana, Mauritius,
Nigeria, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Upgraded and improved INFORM-R and INFORM-R Light software.
Produced an INFORM-R CD-ROM.
Adapted INFORM-R Light for Tanzania.
Developed a new, custom-made INFORM-R Light for Mozambique.
12. Gender relations in agricultural research: Strengthening core competencies in policy, organization, and
management
Global Drafted a final project report titled “Women in National Agricultural
Research and Science.”
Global Contributed to two ISS seminars and one institutional conference. ISS; Queen’s University,
Belfast (N. Ireland)
Global Reviewed participatory research and gender analysis in the PRGA PRGA
Small Grants Program for natural resource management.
Global Contributed a chapter titled “Men in Women’s Groups” to the book University of Bradford (UK)
“Men and Masculinity in Development Theory and Practice,” to be
published by Zed Books in 2002.
Kenya Drafted a research report titled “Institutionalizing Gender: A Case
Study on the Gender Task Force of the Kenyan Agricultural Research
Institute.”
Supervised an ISS Master student from Ethiopia carrying out studies
related to gender and project management.
Contributed to a three-day training module titled “Gender Analysis
for Monitoring and Evaluation: The Engendered Logframe
Approach.”
13. Strengthening NARS through diagnostic reviews, planning, and facilitation of institutional development
Indonesia, Pakistan, Sri In collaboration with participating NAROs: ADB; AIM; CRI; ASI; RIR;
Lanka, Vietnam • finalized OPAS reports at six institutes; AIAT Central Java; NIAH
• initiated strategic planning in Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam
(prepared interim reports on workshops);
• analyzed staff performance assessment procedures and methods at
each institute (interim reports prepared by AIM).
24
Region/countries Activities and outputs Donors/collaborators
Mozambique Produced the following documents for Mozambican research DANIDA; INIA; IPA; CEF;
managers: INIVE
• a framework for monitoring and evaluation in Mozambique;
• a report on the decentralization of research;
• guidelines for staff evaluation in the national agricultural research
system.
Made presentations on priority setting for agricultural research and
on program challenges and planning methods.
Conducted a two-day workshop to train national scientific staff in
using scoring-methods for priority setting.
Vietnam Organized and co-chaired a two-day national conference to endorse UNDP; FAO; MARD
the national agricultural research masterplan.
Completed and published the masterplan in English and Vietnamese.
14. The double transition: Building NARS for the 21st century in Central Asia and the Caucasus
Azerbaijan Completed a draft country report on the basis of two discussion CGIAR Finance Committee
papers (DP 01-3 and DP 01-6).
Azerbaijan Completed the study on the impact of malaria and the implications WHO
for institutional innovation, resulting in Discussion Paper DP 01-11,
“Agricultural Development and its Impact on Malaria: Azerbaijan,”
coauthored with WHO.
Caucasus; Armenia, Published the final regional analysis and individual country profiles. IFAD; World Bank
Azerbaijan, Georgia,
Kazakhstan
Georgia Finalized the work to set up a planning and reform process with the World Bank
publication of the report “Reform of Agricultural Research,
Education, and Extension in Georgia: 1998–99.”
15. Strengthening institutions to participate in the emerging global research system
Africa Acted as transition manager in the transformation of SPAAR and SPAAR; FARA
FARA into a single new apex organization, FARA (see story on page
4 of this Annual Report).
16. Global information center on agricultural research policy, organization, and management
Recruited a project officer for the project. Initiated a project to analyze
institutional changes in research and innovation systems in
developing countries. The results will be disseminated mainly
electronically through a project Website.
25
Region/countries Activities and outputs Donors/collaborators
17. ISNAR Global Associates: Strengthening regional capacity to serve regional needs for institutional change
in NARS
Global Maintained the network of ISNAR Global Associates, which national governments and
welcomed four new Associates, all Africans. institutes
ISNAR Associates participated in a number of project and training
activities throughout the world (see story on page 14 of this Annual
Report).
18. Building NARS capacity for training and facilitation of change processes
Global Together with CAS, supported the development of an e-learning WIPO
program on genetics and intellectual property issues for the WIPO
Academy.
Global Assisted FAO’s Staff Development Group with the production of a FAO
five-part training module on project-cycle management; tested the
module in a workshop.
Produced a training module for FAO’s Sustainable Development
Women in Development Program, titled “Engendering Monitoring
and Evaluation.”
Global Conducted the annual workshops titled “How to Write a Convincing
Proposal” in French and in English at ISNAR headquarters.
Drafted a Spanish version of the module, titled “Cómo Redactar una
Propuesta Convincente.”
Global Launched a new project to identify and develop human talents within
a framework of strategic human resource management and
development.
Sub-Saharan Africa Continued work supported by the INTG network under the project INTG/FAIP; SACCAR;
“Facilitating the Agricultural Innovation Process” (FAIP). FARM AFRICA FRP;
Coauthored the documents “Creativity and Innovation,” EARO; KARI; BTA; IITA;
“Strengthening the Innovation Process,” and “Engendering CIAT - Tanzania; ICRAF
Participatory Research.”
Conducted a workshop to update the linkages concept and integrate
issues of participatory research and gender analysis.
Sub-Saharan Africa Developed a self-learning package for the “EU INCO-Dev Donor INCO-Dev (EU)
Relation Course,” comprising a module, CD-ROM, and a Website
titled “How to Write a Winning Proposal for the EU
INCO-Development Program.”
Created and ran a helpdesk staffed by an ISNAR Global Associate.
The project led to the formation of 28 consortia, which applied to the
2001 call for proposals from INCO-Dev (see story on page 9).
Bangladesh, Ghana, Sri Implemented the third phase of the MIS project to help MIS
Lanka, Uganda, practitioners apply newly learned skills.
Zambia
26
Region/countries Activities and outputs Donors/collaborators
Cameroon, Ghana, Further developed work on establishing the Rural Radio Network CIDA; University of
Mali, Uganda project, which promotes capacity building to link agricultural Guelph; FAO; DCFRN;
researchers and rural radio broadcasters in order to improve two-way NARS of Cameroon, Ghana,
communication with farmers in four African countries. Mali, Uganda
Coauthored and coproduced the publication “Training Needs and
Organizational Constraints Assessment for Linking Agricultural
Research and Rural Radio.” A video is included.
Caribbean Supported the development and testing of a training module with PROCICARIBE
new sessions on the management of research networks for
PROCICARIBE. Joint publication of the revised version of “Network
Management.”
Ghana, South Africa Conducted two workshops in Africa at the request of CTA: “How to CTA; CSIR; ARC
Write a Convincing Proposal” in Ghana, and “Scientific Writing and
Presentation” for ARC staff in South Africa.
India Planned, prepared, and implemented a “distance training” course DFID; NAARM; COL; Wye
entitled “Focusing Agricultural Research on the Needs of the Poor.” College External
Participants included 69 scientists from five agricultural universities Programme
throughout South India. Lasting five months, the course was directed
by a four-person team from NAARM.
“ISNAR’s ability to respond to requests with targeted funding depends on the base created by the generous
support of donors providing unrestricted funding.”
Stein W. Bie, Director General.
In 2001, unrestricted funds were provided by Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, India, Iran, Italy, Japan,
the Netherlands, Norway, the Philippines, Sweden, Switzerland, USA, and the World Bank.
27

No peace without food security
by Stein W. Bie
ISNAR’s reception area was completely refurbished in 2001 and now offers visitors a more
appropriate welcome to the headquarters building. A striking feature of the new entrance is a collage
of photos depicting the world in which ISNAR works: research institutions, small farmers around
the world collecting their harvests, and agricultural researchers in the field and in the laboratory.
And then there is the child soldier.
When we first introduced our new public awareness materials at the CGIAR Mid-Term Meeting in
May 2001, this particular image raised many questions, especially about the relationship between
agricultural research and a child with a kalashnikov.
Three years ago, a Sri Lankan and a Norwegian political scientist spent a week at ISNAR collecting
material for what later became a Future Harvest publication, titled “To Cultivate Peace—
Agriculture in a World of Conflict.”* The authors, Indra de Soysa and Nils Petter Gleditsch, observed
that since World War II, the vast majority of armed conflicts with significant loss of life were in
developing countries, and they linked food insecurity and the struggle for natural resources directly
to these conflicts.
The current uncertainties in the world are a tragic illustration of their basic thesis: peace cannot exist
without food security. Until the rural poor have faith in their own future, have justified hopes of
finding enough nutritious food, have a family, and give their own children a fair chance, until then,
children and youths will be easily captured by fanatics and local warlords who turn ploughs into
guns. ISNAR’s new entrance is dominated by peaceful and promising images, but it has one vivid
reminder of what is at stake.
The collage is an appropriate entry point to an institution that does its utmost to prevent that every
day of every year as many as 50,000 of the world’s poor—half of them children—die from hunger,
malnutrition, and diseases. The display is a reminder to all, staff and visitors alike, of why we work
at ISNAR.
* www.futureharvest.org/peace/prioreport.shtml
29
Postcard from home
Library goes on-line and paper). This resulted not only in considerable sav-
ings for the Centers, but also in continued subscriptions
Information and communication technology, particu- to key journals and publications that Centers could not
larly with the success of the Internet, has had an enor- have afforded otherwise. A key purpose of the Consor-
mous impact on the way people gather and manage tium is to improve global access to the knowledge resid-
information, and libraries have had to adapt. Playing a ing in the CGIAR. To this end, the Consortium launched
central role at ISNAR in selecting, organizing, and facili- the joint FAO-CGIAR “Info-Finder” project. The Info-
tating access to scientific information, ISNAR’s Library Finder is intended to become a “one-stop shop” that al-
and Information Services began to develop and partici- lows users to search for on-line information and publica-
pate in several new on-line services in 2001, while still tions on a wide range of topics across the CGIAR and
maintaining the traditional library. FAO Websites.
The Library and Information Services staff launched Computer facilities upgraded
what is now known as the Library Knowledge Base, an
on-line information source for scientific staff working in In 2001, ISNAR’s Computer Services completed a project
selected ISNAR projects. In close collaboration with sci- to update ISNAR’s computer hardware and software.
entists, Web pages are being designed for ISNAR’s main Started in 1999, the “Technology Refresh Project” in-
thematic areas of work. These Web pages will contain volved the installation of new infrastructure for
the most useful and relevant bibliographic materials, ISNAR’s local network, new servers, new printer/
links to key documents, sites, and databases on the copiers, and new PCs for all staff. Hardware, operating
Internet, and information about key individuals and systems, and applications have now been standardized,
organizations in each subject area. The Library Know- reducing considerably the costs and time of operational
ledge Base will also be accessible to ISNAR’s partners. management and administration.
As funds for library and information services continued ISNAR also has a new, local Internet service provider,
to decline at most CGIAR Centers in 2001, the informa- and it has upgraded its connection to the Internet to a fi-
tion services staff of nearly all 16 Centers came together ber connection, increasing its operating bandwidth from
in early 2001 to discuss how they could use existing 128 Kb per second to 2 Mb per second. Outposted, trav-
budgets more efficiently and effectively. The meeting eling, and teleworking staff can now access e-mail, data-
resulted in the establishment of a CGIAR-wide Consor- bases, and other electronic files and documents on
tium, which has already negotiated with publishers ISNAR’s computer network much more quickly and
several shared subscriptions to journals (both on-line easily.
30
New on-line information resources for
institutional innovation
In 2001, ISNAR improved its Website’s search facilities
substantially. Publications, reports, statistics, learning
materials, and other information about institutional inno-
vation in agricultural research can now be found in a
range of userfriendly ways.
www.isnar.cgiar.org/search/query.htm
The Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators
(ASTI) Website was created in 2001 to search for and
download internationally comparable data on institu-
tional developments and investments in agricultural
R&D worldwide. The ASTI initiative is led jointly by
ISNAR and IFPRI.
www.asti.cgiar.org
Earthprint, UNEP’s official Web bookstore, has set up a
shop dedicated to ISNAR publications. Visitors to the
Earthprint site can purchase publications on-line by
credit card.
www.earthprint.com/isnar
All publications can also be viewed and downloaded in
text-only or PDF format from ISNAR’s on-line publica-
tions catalogue.
www.isnar.cgiar.org/publications
31
Publications in 2001
Most ISNAR publications are published both on paper and in electronic No. 19. Agricultural R&D in the Caribbean: An institutional and
format. The electronic versions are accessible via ISNAR’s Website statistical profile. By J. Roseboom, M. Cremers, and B. Lauckner
(www.isnar.cgiar.org) and can be downloaded at no charge.
ISNAR publications can be purchased at www.earthprint.com. No. 20. The Legacy of the Soviet Agricultural Research System
for the Republics of Central Asia and the Caucasus.
Corporate and General Publications By A. Morgounov and L. Zuidema
ISNAR Annual Report 2000 Country Reports
Road Map 2002–2006. Institutions Matter: Let Knowledge Make Agricultural Research in the Caucasus Region: A Regional
the Difference Analysis
ISNAR Medium Term Plan 2002–2004 Agricultural Research in the Caucasus Region: Georgia Country
Profile
Catalog of Publications 2001
Agricultural Research in the Caucasus Region: Armenia Country
Books Profile
Knowing Where You’re Going: Information Systems for Agricultural Agricultural Research in the Caucasus Region: Azerbaijan
Research Management by R. Vernon. Country Profile
Contributors:
M. Allmand, D. Baguma, P. Ballantyne, H. Besemer, T. Brush, Agricultural Research in the Republic of Kazakhstan: A Country
A. Devaux, B. Fraser, G. Gijsbers, A.M. Gomes de Castro, Profile. By A.A. Satybaldin, G.A. Kaliev, M.I. Sigarev,
A.D. Hartkamp, H. Hobbs, D.P. Hodson, D. Kisauzi, S.M.V. Lima, G.A. Nikitina
B.T. Mook, M. Ngwira, T. Niang, D. Parker, M. Pedroso,
P. Philpot, A. Rodriguez-Aguila, K.M. Setsoafia, H. Webber, Reform of Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension in
J.W. White Georgia: 1998–1999
Briefing Papers Reports of meetings
No. 44S. Uso de Insumos y Biotecnologías Apropiadas en Algunos Meeting the Challenge of Ecoregional Research: An International
Sistemas Nacionales de Investigación Agrícola. By S. Salazar, Workshop on Organizing and Managing Ecoregional Programs,
C.A. Falconi, J. Komen, and J.I. Cohen Wageningen, the Netherlands, 26–28 March 2001
No. 45. Methods for Planning Effective Linkages. By W. Peterson, Learning about Capacity Development through Evaluation:
V. Galleno, T. Eponou, A. Wuyts-Fivawo, and M. Wilks Perspectives and Observations from a Collaborative Network of
National and International Organizations and Donor Agencies.
Research Reports Edited by D. Horton
No. 18. Evaluación del Desarrollo de Capacidades en la Gestión de Workshop on a Collaborative Platform for Agricultural Research
la Investigación Agrícola: El Proyecto del ISNAR de Planificación, in Sub-Saharan Africa. (Held at WARDA, Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire,
Seguimiento y Evaluación en América Latina y el Caribe. March 14–16, 2001). Joint publication: The Hague: ISNAR, and
By D. Horton, L. Dupleich, A. Andersen, and R. MacKay Bouaké: WARDA
32
Project and Joint Publications V. Trujillo, O. Alfaro, O. Mengo, and M. Medina. San José,
Costa Rica: ISNAR
Increasing the Performance of Agricultural Research in Zambia: • La Dimensión de Gestión en la Construcción de la
Further Issues for the Agricultural Sector Investment Program. Sostenibilidad Institucional. By M.A. Mato, J. Santamaría, J. de
By H. Elliott and P.T. Perrault Souza Silva, and J. Cheaz. San José, Costa Rica: ISNAR
• La Dimensión de Participación en la Construcción de la
Communication Directory of National Agricultural Research Sostenibilidad Institucional. By L. Salazar, J. de Souza Silva,
System: ISNAR-ICAR/NAARM Research Project: Distance J. Cheaz, and S. Torres. San José, Costa Rica: ISNAR
Training for Agricultural Research Management. Hyderabad,
India: National Academy of Agricultural Research Management Training Materials
Organization Performance Assessment: Animal Sciences Institute. Linking Agricultural Research and Rural Radio: Training Needs
National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC). Report under the and Organizational Constraints Assessment Workshop: module,
Project Performance-based Management System for Asian NARS. final report, and video. (Collaborators: University of Guelph,
Islamabad: Pakistan Agricultural Research Council (PARC)/ Developing Countries Farm Radio Network; FAO)
ISNAR
Learning for Institutional Innovation (six modules)
Organization Performance Assessment: Crop Diseases Research • The Organization as a Learning Laboratory
Institute. National Agricultural Research Centre. Report under the • Organizational Learning and Learning Organization
Project Performance-based Management System for Asian NARS. • Leaders in the Learning Organizations
Islamabad: Pakistan Agricultural Research Council (PARC)/ • Innovation
ISNAR • Evolution in the Main Approaches Used in the Agricultural
Innovation Process
The Internet and Intranets: New Opportunities for Change in • Creativity
Agricultural Research and Education. Proceedings of the
workshop held at the Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences FAO/ISNAR Project Cycle Overview: Developing a Common
University (TANUVAS), in Chennai, India, June 11–20. CD-ROM Discipline (eight modules)
• Distance Learning Module—Learning Package
New Paradigm Project Series: Innovación para la Sostenibilidad • Participant’s Module
Institucional: • Facilitator’s Module
• La Cuestión Institucional: de la Vulnerabilidad a la • Participant Action Plan Approach (PAPA): Tools for a
Sostenibilidad Institucional en el Contexto del Cambio de Época. Follow-up Program
By J. de Souza Silva, J. Cheaz Peláez, and J. Calderón Romero. • Trust Fund Projects
San José, Costa Rica: ISNAR • Special Programme for Food Security
• La Dimensión de Entorno en la Construcción de la • Technical Cooperation Programme
Sostenibilidad Institucional. By S.M.V. Lima, A.M. Gomes de • FAO-Gender Analysis for Monitoring and Evaluation: The
Castro, O. Mengo, M. Medina, A. Maestrey, V. Trujillo, and Engendered Log Frame Approach
O. Alfaro. San José, Costa Rica: ISNAR
• La Dimensión de Estrategia en la Construcción de la INTG/NARS/Facilitating the Agricultural Innovation Process
Sostenibilidad Institucional. By J. de Souza Silva, J. Cheaz, (FAIP) (three modules)
J. Santamaría, M.A.Mato, and A. León. San José, Costa Rica: • Facilitating Linkages among Stakeholders in Agricultural
ISNAR Innovation Systems
• La Dimensión de Futuro en la Construcción de la Sostenibilidad • Engendering Participatory Research
Institucional. By A.M.G. de Castro, S.M.V. Lima, A. Maestrey, • Strengthening Creativity Skills to Promote Innovation
33
New publication
Comprehensive guide for research managers and information managers
Knowing Where You’re Going: Information Systems for
Agricultural Research Management
Edited by Richard Vernon
360 pages / ISBN 92-9118-054-8 / USD 35.00 / Order code ISNAR303
Published jointly by ISNAR and CTA
Agricultural researchers, especially in the developing countries, are facing serious problems in
accessing information. Scientific journals, once the lifeblood of research, are becoming less and less
affordable to most research institutions. Research is often inefficient: many scientists pursue lines of
research unaware that the topic has already been covered in the past because they have no access to
records of former research, even in their own country. Research managers often supervise programs
and make decisions with insufficient information from within their own research programs, and little or
no information on external factors that should have a crucial bearing on research priorities.
But there is also good news. Never before has there been such rapid development of information and
communication technologies. Capacities and speeds are increasing, while prices are falling. The
Internet has opened a vast range of information to millions of users. CD-ROMs provide enormous
capacity for cheap storage and distribution of information, even to those without Internet access. Most
of the benefit of the information management revolution, however, accrues to the developed countries,
and the North-South gap in information access is increasing. It is a target of this book to help reverse
that trend. The book provides agricultural research managers at all levels, and information specialists
within agricultural research organizations in particular, with a source of ideas, concepts,
methodologies, explanations, and guidance in information management within their respective roles.
The author, with formal qualifications and many years experience in both agriculture and information
systems, has spent many years working with researchers and research managers in developing
countries in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America, to bring about better information
management. The fruits of this work, drawn from the experiences of many, are collected in this book.
Part 1. For the Research Manager
1. Information Management and Information Strategy
2. The Agricultural Research Management Information System
3. Developing a Management Information System: Five Case Studies
Part 2. For the Information Manager
4. Building a Management Information System
5. Information Systems for Administration
6. Scientific Information
7. Aspects of Information Science and Technology
34
External Publications Braunschweig, T., W. Janssen, and P. Rieder. Identifying Criteria
for Public Agricultural Research Decisions. Research Policy
Preston, H. and M. Allmand. Discovering the Information 30(2001): 725–734. Amsterdam: Elsevier
Professional: Organizational Culture in a Digital World. Online
Information Review 25(6): 388–395 Braunschweig T. and J.C. Reyes. Applying the AHP to Research
Priority Setting in Agricultural Biotechnology: The Philippine
Baur, H. and Ch. Kradi. Integrating Participatory Research Case. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on the
Methods in a Public Agricultural Research Organisation: A Analytic Hierarchy Process (ISAHP), edited by K. Dellmann.
Partially Successful Experience in Morocco. Agricultural Research pp. 47–58. Berne, Switzerland: Institute of Agricultural
and Extension Network (AgREN) Paper No. 109. London: Economics
Overseas Development Institute.
www.odi.org.uk/agren/papers/agrenpaper_109.pdf Braunschweig, T. and T. Sengooba. Inventory of Agricultural
Biotechnology Research Capacity in Uganda. Journal of
Baur, H. and D. Horton. Capacity development for national plant Agricultural Sciences 6(1): 37–41
genetic resources programmes: principles and lesssons. In Towards
Sustainable National Plant Genetic Resources Programmes: Policy, Cohen, J.I. Harnessing Biotechnology for the Poor: Challenges
Planning and Coordination Issues. Ed. by Engels, J.M.M., ahead for Capacity, Safety and Public Investment. Journal of
R. Vodouhe, J. Thompson, A. Zannou, E. Hehne and M. Grum. Human Development 2(2): 239–263
Nairobi: International Plant Genetic Resources Institute
De Souza Silva, J. La Dimensión Institucional del Desarrollo
Beintema, N.M., A.F.D. Avila, and P.G. Pardey. Agricultural R&D Sostenible: De las “Reglas de la Vulnerabilidad” a las “Reglas de
in Brazil: Policy, Investments, and Institutional Profile. la Sostenibilidad” en el Contexto del Cambio de Época. Quito:
Washington, DC: IFPRI, Embrapa, and FONTAGRO Editorial QUIPUS / PUCE-I
Pardey, P.G. and N.M. Beintema. Slow Magic: Agricultural R&D a De Souza Silva, J. A New Coherence and Correspondence for
Century after Mendel. IFPRI Food Policy Report. Washington, DC: Development Efforts in a Change of Epoch: The ISNAR Network
International Food Policy Research Institute. “New Paradigm” Project. Development Issues Vol. 3(3): 1–10. The
www.ifpri.cgiar.org/checknames.cfm/fpr31.pdf?name=fpr31.pdf Hague: Institute for Social Studies.
&direc=d:\webs\ifpri\pubs\fpr www.iss.nl/pdfs/devissues3_3.pdf
Bie, S.W. Agricultural Research: In Ivory Towers or in Farmers’ Echeverria, R.G. and H. Elliott. Competitive funds for
Fields? In Utilization of Research for Development Cooperation: Linking agricultural research: Are they achieving what we want? In
Knowledge Production to Development Policy and Practice. Publication Tomorrow’s agriculture: Incentives, institutions, infrastructure and
21. The Hague: Netherlands Development Assistance Research innovations. Proceedings of the Twenty-fourth International
Council (RAWOO) Conference of Agricultural Economists, Berlin, Germany, 13-18
August 2000. Edited by G.H. Peters and P. Pingali. p.442–466
Bie, S.W. Contribution to the Preface of The Skeptical
Environmentalist, book by Bjørn Lomborg. 540 p. Cambridge: Falconi, C.A., S.W. Omamo, G. d’Ieteren, and F. Iraqi. An Ex
Cambridge University Press Ante Economic and Policy Analysis of Research on Genetic
Resistance to Livestock Disease: Trypanosomosis in Africa.
Bie, S.W. Hvorledes virkeliggjør vi begrepet om bærekraftig Agricultural Economics 25:153–163
utvikling for verdens fattige? In Har fjellet ansikt? Naturfilosofiske
essays, edited by Hans Kolstad: 249–260 Qaim, M. and C.A. Falconi. Agricultural biotechnology policies
and research investments in Mexico. International Journal of
Braunschweig, T., J. Enyaru, D. Kyetere, P. Rubaihayo, M. Saimo, Biotechnology 3(3/4):323–337
and T. Sengooba. Capacity Building in Agricultural Biotechnology
Research. Choosing the Best Investment Option for Uganda. Hambly Odame, H. The Rise and Fall of Women’s Groups:
Kampala: Uganda National Agricultural Research Organization Agricultural Development and Local Institutions. Seminar Series
Paper ISS. The Hague: Institute of Social Studies
35
Hambly Odame, H. The Collapse of Rural Women Groups. Randolph, Th., P. Kristjanson, S.W. Omamo, A. Odero,
Development Issues. 3(20). The Hague: Institute of Social Studies. Ph. Thornton, R. Reid, T. Robinson, and J. Ryan. A Framework
www.iss.nl/pdfs/devissues3_2.pdf (p.7) for Priority Setting in International Livestock Research. Research
Evaluation 10:142-160
Hambly Odame, H. Making Waves in the CGIAR: Rural Radio
and Agricultural Science. First International Workshop on Farm Discussion Papers
Broadcasting, February 3–6, 2001, Rome: FAO.
www.fao.org/docrep/003/x6721e/x6721e32.htm#P5_1 Discussion papers are preliminary reports of work in progress at
ISNAR. They are neither edited nor formally reviewed, and their
Hambly Odame, H. and F. Cleaver. Men in Women’s Groups: A circulation is limited
Gender and Agency Analysis of Local Institutions: Men and
Masculinity in Development. London: Zed Books DP 01-1. Targeting Agricultural R&D for Poverty Reduction:
HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. By M.E. Loevinsohn and
Hobbs, H. Innovaciones Institucionales en Otros Continentes, D. Bigman
Puntos de Referencia. Anexo of “Agricultura con Conocimiento.”
Memorias de la II Reunión del Foragro México 2000. San José, DP 01-2. Commercializing Agricultural Biotechnology Products
Costa Rica: IICA and INIFAP: p. 204–208 in Argentina: Analysis of Biosafety Procedures. By M. Burachik
and P.L.Traynor
Horton, D. Issues in Planning, Implementing and Evaluating
Capacity Development: A “Baker’s Dozen.” In Capacity DP 01-3. Agricultural Innovation System of Azerbaijan: An
Development for Participatory Research. CIP-UPWARD: Los Baños, Assessment of Institutional Interactions. By T. Temel, W. Janssen,
Laguna, Philippines: p. 3–9 and F. Karimov
Janssen, W. Innovaciones Institucionales en la Investigación DP 01-4. Implementation of Actions to Improve the Contribution
Agrícola en la Pública en los Países Desarrollados. In Agricultura of Universities to National Agricultural Research in Six African
con Conocimiento. Memorias de la II Reunión del Foragro México 2000. Countries. By H. Michelsen and L. Petry
San José, Costa Rica: IICA and INIFAP: 184–203
DP 01-5. Agricultural Biotechnology Research Indicators: China.
Michelsen, H. Book review of Paying for Agricultural Productivity. By J. Huang, Q. Wang, Y. Zhang, and J-B Falck-Zepeda
Edited by J. Alston, P. Pardey, and V. Smith (1999). Quarterly
Journal of International Agriculture 40(2):192–194 DP 01-6. Systems Analysis by Graph Theoretical Techniques:
Assessment of the Agricultural Innovation System of Azerbaijan.
Mook, B.T. Information Planning: Seven Years of Lessons Learned. By T. Temel, W. Janssen, and F. Karimov
In Development of Agricultural Information Management & Information
Technology, Proceedings of the International Conference on the DP 01-7. The Pros and Cons of Globalization for Developing
Development of Agricultural Information Management, Technology and Countries: A Review of the Theoretical Issues and the Empirical
Markets in the 21st Century. Edited by Mei Fangquan. Beijing: China Debates. By D. Bigman
Agricultural Scitech Press
DP 01-8. Geographical Targeting of Poverty Alleviation
Mook, B.T. Information Strategies for National Agricultural Programs: Methodology and Applications in Rural India.
Research. In Promoting Global Innovation of Agricultural Science & By D. Bigman and P.V. Srinivasan
Technology and Sustainable Agricultural Development, Proceedings of
the International Conference on Agricultural Science and Technology DP 01-9. Governance and Institutional Innovation.
(ICAST). Session 6: Information Technology of Agriculture. Beijing: By G. Gijsbers
Organizing Committee ICASR, Ministry of Science and
Technology DP 01-10. What Drives the Engines of Agricultural Innovation? A
look at Process, Factors and Actors. By G. Gijsbers
Omamo, S.W. and L. Mose. Fertilizer Trade Under Market
Liberalization: Preliminary Evidence from Kenya. Food Policy 26: DP 01-11. Agricultural development and its impact on malaria:
1–10 Azerbaijan. By T. Temel and M. Ejov
36
Board of Trustees in 2001
Silvia Balit Janice Reid**
Italy Reid and Associates, Jamaica
Maria Nieves Roldan-Confesor Niels Röling
Asian Institute of Management, The Philippines Wageningen University, The Netherlands
José-Maria Figueres Olsen Sami Sunna
World Economic Forum, Switzerland; Costa Rica Middle East for Management of Agricultural Resources
and Environment, Jordan
Douglas D. Hedley
Ministry of Agriculture and Agri-Food, Canada Camilla Toulmin
International Institute for Environment and Development,
Masashi Kobayashi* United Kingdom
The Japan Association for Advancement
of Phyto-Regulators, Japan Stein W. Bie
ISNAR, The Netherlands
Moïse Christophe Mensah (Chair)
Benin Isabel Alvarez Fernandez
(FAO Observer)
Geoffrey Mrema**
ASARECA-Uganda; Tanzania
Samuel Paul * new to the Board in 2001
India ** left the Board in 2001
37
Staff in 2001
Herma Adema-Labille** Richard Claase Mary Gavin Albertine Huybrechts*
Senior Secretary Artist/Designer Files Specialist Management Assistant
Mónica Allmand Joel Cohen Pamela Gené** Francis Idachaba
Librarian Project Leader, Management Secretary Project Leader, Policies for
of New Technologies for Institutional Innovation for
Daniel Andrew* Agricultural Research Govert Gijsbers Agricultural Research
Junior Office Services (based in the USA) Research Officer (based in Nigeria)
Assistant
Rudolf Contant** Alex van de Graaf** Idiong Idongesit
Nancy Alexaki* Senior Research Officer Facility Management Secretary (based in Nigeria;
Project Officer Assistant on contract through IITA)
Carolien Dieltjens*
Irma Ballemans Facility Manager Helen Hambly Odame Willem Janssen
Library Assistant Research Officer Program Director
Michael van Dillen*
Nienke Beintema Computer Support Specialist Frank Hartwich* Leandra Julien*
Project Coordinator ASTI Research Fellow Project Assistant
Initiative (joint appointment Jan van Dongen (based in Costa Rica)
with IFPRI) Head of Publications John Komen
Priscila Henriquez* Associate Research Officer
Stein W. Bie Howard Elliott Project Officer
Director General Project Leader, Building (based in Costa Rica) Coenraad Kramer
Capacity to Respond to Director, Administration &
David Bigman Cross-Sector Demands Victoria Henson-Apollonio Finance
Senior Research Officer (based in the USA) Project Manager, Central
Advisory Service on Marian Lageman
Melanie Bolton* José Falck-Zepeda Intellectual Property (CAS) Human Resources Manager
Project Assistant Research Officer
S. Huntington Hobbs IV Yan Liang
Thomas Braunschweig** Isabel Flores Senior Research Officer in Research Fellow
Research Fellow Distribution Coordinator charge of ISNAR Global (based in the Philippines)
Associates
Dympna Byrne Claudia Forero (based in Costa Rica) Michael Loevinsohn
Corporate Communications Project Assistant Senior Research Officer
Manager Arlene Holden**
Zenete Peixoto França Personnel Assistant Michel Maasland*
Johanna Calderón Project Leader, Learning for Human Resources Assistant
Research Analyst Institutional Innovation Maaike Hooff-Vergeer**
(based in Costa Rica) Secretary Gigi Manicad*
Bruce Fraser Research Fellow
Juan Cheaz** Financial Manager Douglas Horton
Associate Research Fellow Project Leader, Linking Ajit Maru
(based in Costa Rica) Viviana Galleno Research Organizations and Research Officer, Information
Research Analyst Stakeholders in a Changing
Context
38
Gerdien Meijerink** Astrid Oosterling* Marlyn Antanacio Rala Andrzej Sokolowski
Research Analyst Project Assistant Secretary (based in the Systems Manager
Philippines, on contract
Marjolijn Mellor Jacqueline van Otterloo** through IRRI) Bob Solinger
Travel Coordinator Library Assistant Head of Computer Services
Han Roseboom
Heike Michelsen Paul Perrault Research Officer José de Souza Silva
Senior Research Officer Senior Research Officer Senior Research Officer
Patricia Ross Coronado (based in Costa Rica)
Byron Mook Warren Peterson Administrative Officer
Senior Research Officer Senior Research Officer (based in Costa Rica, on Marie-Rose Stanek-de Boom
contract through IICA) Files Assistant
Elisabet Morató-Teixido Lin Petry**
Senior Secretary to the Administrative Assistant Mina Senior-Faress Dolinde Tetteroo
Director General Project Development Telecommunications
Rivka Peyra Coordinator Assistant
Tony Murray Editor/Translator
Website Manager Cristina Sette* Jaime Tola Cevallos
Motlubor Rahman Project Assistant Coordinator Public-Private
Mai-Britt Nielsen Principal Scientific Officer Partnerships for
Junior Project Assistant (based in the Philippines) Hilly Smeenge Agroindustrial Research
Legal Assistant
Were Omamo* Alma Torres
Research Fellow (based in Project Assistant
Uganda)
39
Concepción Torres-Guerra Anna Wuyts Global Associates Mick Mwala
Accounts Assistant Project Officer in 2001 University of Zambia, Zambia
Tugrul Temel Mirela Zoita Emerenciana Ballelos-Duran Simon Nguluu
Research Fellow Trainings Materials PNRI, the Philippines KARI, Kenya
Production Coordinator
Paul Verhage Silvia Gálvez Robert Kariuki Obura
Accounts Assistant Arlette Zúñiga INIA, Chile Egerton University, Kenya
Computer Support Specialist
Jacobine Verhage (based in Costa Rica, on John Gatei Carlos Pomareda
Senior Training Materials contract through IICA) KARI, Kenya SIDE, SA, Costa Rica
Production Specialist
Benjamin Ikombo Rangarirai Taruvinga
Joyce Voorn KARI, Kenya MANANGA CRIMD,
Personnel Assistant Swaziland
Shikha Jha
Grace Waithaka** Associate Professor, Carlos Valverde
Senior Secretary IGIDR, India Consultant, Peru/USA
Susan van der Wee Charity Kabutha Aïssata N’Diaye Wereme
Travel Coordinator AWLAE, Kenya INERA, Burkina Faso
Hope Webber * joined in 2001 Lilian Kimani Li Xiaoyun
Research Analyst ** left in 2001 KARI, Kenya CIAD, PR China
Michèle Wilks Amir Muhammed Linxiu Zhang
Research Analyst Asianics Agro-Dev CAAS, PR China
International Ltd, Pakistan
40
Financial report for 2001
ISNAR’s audited financial result for the year is a surplus of income in
comparison to expenses, amounting to USD 21,000. It is very satisfying to
record this positive result, but it needs noting that overall donor funding
was lower in 2001 than in 2000, and the result was only achieved by
reducing activities and expenditure.
We highly appreciate our many longstanding donors who continue to
maintain the level of their unrestricted contributions. Special mention
should be made of Norway, which made a supplementary grant in 2001,
and Italy, which increased its contribution. But in line with other CGIAR
centers, there is a clear trend by ISNAR’s donors to move from
unrestricted contributions to “restricted” grants.
While ISNAR’s financial situation is relatively healthy, there remains the
perpetual uncertainty for all CGIAR centers regarding the amount and
nature of donor funding. ISNAR continues to be in discussion with its
auditors over the difficulty of long-term commitments, staffing, forward
planning, and budgeting, as most of its donors promise support only on
an annual basis. ISNAR has recognized the need to be more
entrepreneurial and to have the flexibility to be more responsive to the
many ongoing changes in the external environment.
The financial statements on the following pages have been audited by the
independent accounting firm Deloitte and Touche.
41
Statement of activity
Revenue Unrestricted Restricted Total 2001 Prior year
Grants 4,551 3,525 8,076 8,763
Other revenues 247 - 247 134
Total revenue 4,798 3,525 8,323 8,897
Expenses
Program expenses 2,801 3,054 5,855 5,957
Management and general expenses 2,447 2,447 2,169
Subtotal 5,248 3,054 8,302 8,126
Recovery of indirect costs (471) 471
Total expenses 4,777 3,525 8,302 8,126
Excess of revenue over expenditure 21 - 21 771
Net assets
Net assets at beginning of year 1,673 - 1,673 902
Change in year 21 - 21 771
Net assets at end of year 1,694 - 1,694 1,673
Memo item
Management and general expenses
by natural classification:
Personnel costs 944 - 944 782
Supplies and services 1,170 - 1,170 1,013
Operational travel 88 - 88 72
Depreciation of fixed assets 158 - 158 164
Exceptional items (exchange losses, provisions) 87 - 87 138
Total expenses 2,447 - 2,447 2,169
Notes: All figures are stated in USD 000’s.
The above information is taken from ISNAR’s audited Financial Statements for 2001.
The complete Financial Statements are available on request.
42
Donors supporting ISNAR’s work in 2001
Contributors of unrestricted funding (USD 100,000’s)
Australia *
Belgium
Canada *
Denmark *
Germany *
India
Iran
Italy
Japan *
Netherlands *
Norway *
Philippines
Sweden
Switzerland *
USA *
World Bank *
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
* Indicates that donor has also provided targeted support
Contributors of targeted funding
African Development Bank Group (AfDB) Netherlands: Directoraat-Generaal voor Internationale
Australia: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Samenwerking (DGIS)
Research (ACIAR) Norway
CAB International (CABI) Rockefeller Foundation
Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI) Switzerland: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ)
Canada: Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) Switzerland: Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)
Canada: International Development Research Centre  (IDRC) Tanzania
Denmark: Danish International Development Agency (Danida) Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation
Dominican Republic: Centro para el Desarrollo Agropecuario (ACP-EU) (CTA)
y Forestal (CEDAF) Uganda: National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO)
European Union United Kingdom: Department for International Development (DFID)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Germany: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS)
Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) USA: United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World World Health Organization (WHO)
Bank Group (IBRD) World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
Japan: Japan International Cooperation Agency Zambia
43
Acronyms/abbreviations
ACIAR Australian Centre for International Agricultural DANE Departamento Administrativo Nacional de
Research Estadística (Colombia)
ADB Asian Development Bank Danida Danish International Development Agency
AfDB African Development Bank DCFRN Developing Countries Farm Radio Network
AGBIOS Agriculture & Biotechnology Strategies Inc DFID Department for International Development (UK)
(Canada) DGIS Directoraat-Generaal voor Internationale
AIAT Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology – Samenwerking (Netherlands)
Central Java (Indonesia) DIA Departamento de Investigaciones Agropecuarias
AIM Asian Institute for Management (Dominican Republic)
ANPEI Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e DNP Departamento Nacional de Planeación  (Colombia)
Desenvolvimento das Empresas Industriais (Brazil) EARO Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization
ARC Agricultural Research Council (South Africa) ECAPAPA Eastern and Central African Programme for
AROW Agricultural Research Organizations on the Web Agricultural Policy Analysis
(ISNAR) Embrapa Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária
ASARECA Association for Strengthening Agricultural (Brazil)
Research in Eastern and Central Africa ETHZ Federal Institute of Technology Zurich
ASI Animal Science Institute (Pakistan) (Switzerland)
ASTI agricultural science and technology indicators EU European Union
BMZ Bundesministerium für Wirtschaftliche FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Zusammenarbeit (Germany) Nations
BTA Biotechnology Trust Africa (Kenya) FARA Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa
CABI CAB International (sub-Saharan)
CARDI Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development FONTAGRO Fondo Regional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
Institute (Jamaica) GART Golden Valley Agricultural Research Trust
CAS Central Advisory Service on Proprietary (Zambia)
Technology (CGIAR) GBDI Global BioDiversity Institute
CBD Convention on Biological Diversity GMO genetically modified organism
CCAP Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy (Chinese GTZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische
Academy of Agricultural Sciences) Zusammenarbeit (Germany)
CDRI Crops Diseases Research Institute  (Pakistan) HAU Hanoi Agricultural University (Vietnam)
CDT Cotton Development Trust (Zambia) IAC International Agricultural Center (WUR,
CEDAF Centro para el Desarrollo Agropecuario y Forestal Netherlands)
(Dominican Republic) IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and
CEF Centro de Experimentação Florestal (Mozambique) Development (World Bank)
CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural IBS ISNAR Biotechnology Service
Research ICARD Information Center for Agricultural and Rural
CIAT Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical Development (part of MARD) (Vietnam)
CIDA Canadian International Development Agency ICBAAR International Conference on Biotechnology
CIFOR Center for International Forestry Research Applications for the Arid Regions
CII Confederation of India Industry ICCP Intergovernmental Committee for the Cartegena
CIMMYT Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Protocol on Biosafety
Trigo ICLARM International Center for Living Aquatic Resources
CIP Centro Internacional de la Papa Management
COL Commonwealth of Learning ICRA International Center for development oriented
Colciencias El Instituto Francisco José de Caldas para el Research in Agriculture (France)
Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología ICRAF International Centre for Research in Agroforestry
CORAF/WECARD West and Central African Council for Agricultural ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the
Research and Development Semi-Arid Tropics
CRI Coconut Research Institute (Sri Lanka) IDIAP Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias de
CSIR Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Panamá
(Ghana) IDRC International Development Research Centre
CTA Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural (Canada)
Cooperation (ACP-EU) IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development
44
IFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute OXFAM Oxford Committee for Famine Relief
IGIDR Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research PCARRD Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and
(India) Natural Resources Research and Development
IICA Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la PRGA Participatory Research and Gender Analysis
Agricultura (Costa Rica) (CGIAR program)
IIP Instituto de Investigaciones Porcinas (Cuba) PROCIANDINO Programa Cooperativo de Investigación y
IITA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Transferencia de Tecnología Agropecuaria para la
INCO-Dev International Cooperation with Developing Subregión Andina
Countries (EU program) PROCICARIBE Program for Cooperation in Agricultural Science
INFORM Information for Research Managers and Technology in the Caribbean
INIA Instituto Nacional de Investigaçao Agronómica PROCISUR Programa Cooperativo para el Desarrollo
(Mozambique) Tecnológico Agropecuario del Cono Sur
INIA Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas PROCITROPICOS Programa Cooperativo para el Desarrollo
(Venezuela) Tecnológico Agroalimentario y Agroindustrial del
INIFAP Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales y Cono Sur
Agropecuarias (Mexico) PRONATTA Programa Nacional de Tranferencia de Tecnología
INIVE Instituto Nacional de Investigaçao Veterinária Agropecuaria (Colombia)
(Mozambique) PUCE Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador
INTG IARC/NARS Training Group R&D research and development
IP intellectual property RF Rockefeller Foundation
IPA Instituto de Produçao Animal (Mozambique) RIMISP Red Internacional de Metodología de Investigación
IPGRI International Plant Genetic Resources Institute de Sistemas de Producción
IRRI International Rice Research Institute RIR Research Institute for Rice (Indonesia)
ISS Institute of Social Studies (Netherlands) SACCAR Southern African Centre for Co-operation in
ITM Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine Agricultural & Natural Resources Research and
(Belgium) Training
IWMI International Water Management Institute SAT Southern Africa AIDS Training Programme
JIRCAS Japan International Research Center for SCRB Soil and Crops Research Branch (Zambia)
Agricultural Sciences SDC Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation
KARI Kenya Agricultural Research Institute SINCITA Sistema Nacional de Ciencia e Innovación
MALR Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation Tecnológica Agraria (Cuba)
(Egypt) SPAAR Special Program for African Agricultural Research
MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries (World Bank)
(Zambia) TANUVAS Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences
MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development University (India)
(Vietnam) UCE Universidad Central del Ecuador
MIS management information system(s) UCR Universidad de Costa Rica
MOA Ministry of Agriculture (Colombia) UCV Universidad Central de Venezuela
MST Ministry of Science and Technology (Colombia) UN United Nations
NAARM National Academy of Agricultural Research UNA Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Management (India) UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS
NARO national agricultural research organization UNDP United Nations Development Programme
NARO National Agricultural Research Organization USAID US Agency for International Development
(Uganda) WAICENT World Agricultural Information Centre (FAO)
NARS national agricultural research system(s) WARDA West Africa Rice Development Association
NGO nongovernmental organization WHO World Health Organization
NIAH National Institute of Animal Husbandry (Vietnam) WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization
ODG Overseas Development Group (University of East WTO World Trade Organization
Anglia) (UK) WUR Wageningen Universiteit en Researchcenter
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and (Netherlands)
Development (France)
OPAS Organizational Performance and Assessment
System (ISNAR)
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CGIAR-supported international centers and ISNAR outposted staff
14
12
9
5
3
8 13
1 16 10 11
15 6
7 11
2
4
1. CIAT Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Cali, Colombia
2. CIFOR Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia
3. CIMMYT Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo, El Batan, Mexico
4. CIP Centro Internacional de la Papa, Lima, Peru
5. ICARDA International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Aleppo, Syria
6. ICLARM International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Penang, Malaysia
7. ICRAF International Centre for Research in Agroforestry, Nairobi, Kenya
8. ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, India
9. IFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
10. IITA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
11. ILRI International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia/Nairobi, Kenya
12. IPGRI International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy
13. IRRI International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, The Philippines
14. ISNAR International Service for National Agricultural Research, The Hague, The Netherlands
15. IWMI International Water Management Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka
16. WARDA West Africa Rice Development Association, Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire
Outposted staff are located in San José, Costa Rica; Ibadan, Nigeria; Los Baños, The Philippines;
Pretoria, South Africa; Entebbe, Uganda; and Washington, DC, USA.
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