2022 Financial statements ISBN 92–9146–778–2 The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) works to improve food and nutrition security and reduce poverty in developing countries through research for efficient, safe and sustainable use of livestock. Co-hosted by Kenya and Ethiopia, it has regional or country offices and projects in East, South and Southern Asia as well as Central, East, Southern and West Africa. ilri.org. CGIAR is a global research partnership for a food-secure future. Its science is carried out by 15 research centres in close collaboration with hundreds of partners across the globe. cgiar.org International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 1 Dissecting infected ticks in ILRI’s Tick Laboratory (photo credit: ILRI/David White). © 2023 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) This publication is copyrighted by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI). 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ILRI would appreciate being sent a copy of any materials in which text, photos etc. have been used. Citation: International Livestock Research Institute. 2023. ILRI 2022 financial statements. Nairobi, Kenya: ILRI. ISBN: 92–9146–778–2 Text by Elsa Murano, Appolinaire Djikeng and Robert Nzioka. Statements prepared by Robert Nzioka. Edited by Anne Kibe, Peter Mativo and Paul Karaimu. Photo credits: Cover page: Calf resting on the road beside a Gujjar rest stop on their semi-annual trek from the Himalayan highlands to Dehradun. (photo credit: ILRI/Susan MacMillan). ILRI thanks all donors that globally support its work through their contributions to the CGIAR Trust Fund. Patron: Professor Peter C Doherty, AC, FAA, FRS Animal scientist, Nobel Prize Laureate for Physiology or Medicine–1996 Box 30709–00100, Nairobi, Kenya ilri.org Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Phone: + 254 20 422 3000 better lives through livestock Phone: + 251 11 617 2000 Fax: + 254 20 422 3001 Fax: + 251 11 667 6923 Email: ILRI-Kenya@cgiar.org ILRI is a CGIAR research centre Email: ILRI-Ethiopia@cgiar.org ILRI has offices in East Africa • South Asia • Southeast and East Asia • Southern Africa • West Africa International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 3 Contents Page 6 Organization information 8 Statement of purpose 10 Corporate governance 13 Statement by the chair of the Board of Trustees 17 Financial statements 18 Five-year financial review 23 Statement of management responsibilities 24 ILRI Board statement on risk management 26 Independent auditor’s report to the trustees of the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 28 Consolidated statement of financial position 29 Consolidated statement of activities and other comprehensive income 30 Consolidated statement of changes in net assets 31 Consolidated statement of cash flows 34 Notes to the consolidated financial statements 71 Exhibits 72 Exhibit I: Grant revenues and accounts receivable/payable 86 Exhibit II: Grant pledges and expenses 102 Exhibit III: Detailed statement of activities 103 Exhibit IV: Detailed statement of financial position International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 4 For the year ended 31 December 2022 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 5 Abergelle goat. Abergelle Amhara, Ethiopia (photo credit: ILRI\Zerihun Sewunet). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 6 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Organization information Board of Trustees Name Country Period Elsa Murano (voting) USA Chair (as of April 2021, appointed September 2016) Martyn Jeggo (voting) UK/Australia Vice chair (appointed in May 2017) Harry Kimtai (voting) Kenya Host country member (joined January 2020) Regassa Fikru (voting) Ethiopia Host country member (joined September 2020) Alyssa Jade McDonald-Baertl (voting) Germany Appointed October 2020 Hilary Wild (voting) UK/Ireland Appointed October 2020 Marco Ferroni (voting) Switzerland Appointed October 2020 (term ended December 2022) Neal Gutterson (voting) United States Appointed October 2020 Patrick Caron (voting) France Appointed October 2020 Shenggen Fan (voting) China Appointed October 2020 Alice Ruhweza (voting) Uganda Appointed October 2020 Lindiwe Majele Sibanda (voting) Zimbabwe Appointed April 2021 Richard Golding (voting) UK Appointed April 2015 (term ended December 2022) Li Lin Foo (non-voting) Malaysia New term appointed December 2022 Jing Zhu (non-voting) China Appointed May 2021 Jimmy Smith (non-voting) Canada Ex officio (director general, joined October 2011, retired December 2022) Appolinaire Djikeng (non-voting) USA Director general (appointed April 2023) Senior leadership team Name Country Position Jimmy Smith Canada Director general (retired December 2022) Appolinaire Djikeng USA Director general (appointed April 2023) Shirley Tarawali UK Assistant director general - Board Secretary Iain Wright UK Deputy director general (DDG) Research and Development – Integrated Sciences Dieter Schillinger1 Germany DDG Research and development – Biosciences, Animal and Human Health Siboniso Moyo Zimbabwe DDG Research and Development – Biosciences, Genetics and Feeds Michael Gerba USA Chief operating officer Stella Kiwango Tanzania Director – People and Organizational Development Namukolo Covic Zambia Director general’s representative to Ethiopia, CGIAR regional director for east and southern Africa and Ethiopia country coordinator Robert Nzioka Kenya Chief financial officer 1 Retired 31st March 2023 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 7 Advocates Auditors Oraro & Co Advocates PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP ACK Garden Annex, 6th Floor Certified Public Accountants 1st Ngong Avenue PwC Towers, Waiyaki Way, Westlands PO Box 51236–00200 PO Box 43963–00100 Nairobi, Kenya Nairobi, Kenya Address International Livestock Research Institute International Livestock Research Institute Box 30709, Nairobi 00100 Kenya Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Phone +254 20 422 3000 Phone +251 11 617 2000 Fax +254 20 422 3001 Fax +251 11 667 6923 Email ilri-kenya@cgiar.org Email ilri-ethiopia@cgiar.org ilri.org At the Niamana Livestock Market, in Bamako, the largest in Mali (photo credit: ILRI/Stevie Mann). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 8 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Statement of purpose The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) envisions a world where all people have access to enough food and livelihood options to fulfil their potential. ILRI’s mission is to improve food and nutritional security and to reduce poverty in developing countries through research for efficient, safe, and sustainable use of livestock—ensuring better lives through livestock. ILRI’s three strategic objectives are: i. With partners, to develop, test, adapt and promote science-based practices that— being sustainable and scalable—achieve better lives through livestock. ii. With partners, to provide compelling scientific evidence in ways that persuade decision makers—from farms to boardrooms and parliaments—that smarter ILRI is a One CGIAR policies and bigger livestock investments can deliver significant socio-economic, research centre, a global health and environmental dividends to both poor nations and households. research partnership iii. With partners, to increase capacity among ILRI’s key stakeholders to make better that unites organizations use of livestock science and investments for better lives through livestock. engaged in research for a food-secure future. CGIAR ILRI is a One CGIAR research centre, a global research partnership that unites organizations engaged in research for a food-secure future. CGIAR research is dedicated to delivering science and innovation that advance the transformation of food, land, and water systems in a climate crisis. Built on a strong partnership between CGIAR’s funders and One CGIAR research centres, the governance model focuses on enabling the CGIAR’s centres and partners to conduct high-quality research for development based on a solid foundation of clearly defined roles, responsibilities, and accountabilities. Research is carried out in close collaboration with hundreds of partner organizations, including national and regional research institutes, civil society organizations, academia, and the private sector. The CGIAR Research and Innovation Strategy to 2030 provides an overview of how CGIAR will develop and deploy its capacities, assets, and skills to address priority global and regional challenges with partners. The strategy is undertaken through a series of Initiatives that integrate CGIAR research centre capacities to address crucial development challenges. ILRI scientists lead three such Initiatives (Livestock, Climate and Systems Resilience (LCSR); Sustainable Animal Productivity for Livelihoods, Nutrition and Gender inclusion (SAPLING) and Protecting human health through a One Health approach. ILRI participates and contributes livestock science to 14 other Initiatives and hosts the CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform – the impact platform on Gender Equality, Youth and Social Inclusion. The institute also hosts and manages the CGIAR Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Hub. Within ILRI, research staff work in one of ILRI’s six research programs covering integrated sciences and biosciences that develop and deliver science-based practices, provide scientific evidence for decision-making, and develop capacities of livestock- sector stakeholders. Partnership research ILRI works with partners worldwide to achieve its mission. As a relatively small institute with a large global mandate, partnership remains the institute’s fundamental modus operandi. The institute’s current strategy requires that ILRI increases the range as well as the number of its partners. Locations and staff ILRI is co-hosted by the governments of Kenya and Ethiopia and has offices in nine other countries in Africa (Burkina Faso, Burundi, Ghana, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 9 Uganda, and Zimbabwe) and four offices in Asia (China, India, Nepal and Vietnam). In 2022, ILRI had 683 permanent staff. Out of the total number of permanent staff, 139 were internationally recruited staff comprising 38% female. Several scientists at ILRI hold joint appointments with other partner institutions. ILRI also engaged 227 consultants and 152 contractors in 2022. Governance The Board of Trustees (the Board) is comprised of outstanding professionals with expertise in the fields of livestock science, agricultural research, development, and corporate management. The Board serves as the governing body of the institute primarily through its governance and oversight roles to ensure that ILRI functions to the highest standard to execute its mission and deliver on its strategy. The Board ensures that plans and programs are appropriate for carrying out ILRI’s mandate, that they are in line with CGIAR priorities and that they are aligned with the institute’s ILRI is financed by and mission. The Board has fiduciary responsibility for ILRI’s financial resources. through the CGIAR Funding by a trust fund from ILRI is financed by and through the CGIAR by a trust fund from multiple donors, major multiple donors, major multilateral and bilateral donors, foundations, and governments. Funding for the multilateral and bilateral CGIAR Initiatives is disbursed using a three-window modality. For Window 1, funds are donors, foundations, and allocated to Initiatives, payment of system costs and any other use required to achieve governments. CGIAR’s mission. Window 2 funds are contributions designated by fund donors to one or more specific Initiatives. Window 3 funds are contributions designated by the fund donors to individual CGIAR centres for specific pieces of work. Bilateral funds are from a large group of public, governmental, foundations and private organizations from the North and South of the globe. In-kind support from national partners, particularly Kenya and Ethiopia, as well as from other countries and international collaborators, is substantial and vital. This mix of generic, specific, and in-kind resources is essential for the diverse research ILRI conducts. ILRI acknowledges the countries and organizations that supported its research in 2022, which are listed in Exhibits I through II. The institute could not have advanced its mission without their intellectual and financial support. Signed on behalf of the Board of Trustees by: ______________________________ Appolinaire Djikeng Director general 15 May 2023 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 10 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Corporate governance The basic principles and rules concerning the organization and operation of the Board The Finance Committee of Trustees of the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) are laid down in the ensures that the Board institute’s constitution and in the Board’s rules of procedure. During 2020, congruent fulfils its fiduciary with the transition to One CGIAR, ILRI’s constitution, the Board rules of procedure and its Board composition were amended. The transition to One CGIAR has progressed responsibilities through 2021 and 2022, including the establishment of a One CGIAR Audit, Finance related to the budget and Risk Committee (AFRC). In this regard, in November 2021, the ILRI Board agreed to preparation, budget retain its Program and Finance committees, and to end its Audit and Risk Committee execution, and (ARC). The roles of ILRI’s ARC would henceforth be undertaken partly by the AFRC, financial systems and with the ILRI Board retaining its overall responsibilities for the institutes’ governance, management reporting oversight and fiduciary matters as stipulated in its constitution. In December 2022 practices of the institute. the Board agreed that elements of fiduciary matters that are non-programmatic would also be reviewed by the AFRC, to make recommendations for the ILRI Board who would retain its fiduciary responsibilities. Programmatic and related financial matters would continue to be handled by a board program committee which provides recommendations to the AFRC and the ILRI Board. In December 2022 the Board approved a three-year term as a non-voting Board member for Li Lin Foo. Purpose of the committees All Board members are invited to be members of the Program Committee which addresses all matters regarding the conception, elaboration, implementation, and evaluation of the institute’s programs of research, training, and information. The committee provides directives concerning program orientation or conduct for the benefit of the director general and senior management. It also advises on optimizing program implementation and related matters. The Finance Committee ensures that the Board fulfils its fiduciary responsibilities related to the budget preparation, budget execution, and financial systems and management reporting practices of the institute. The committee carries out its work against the backdrop of the institute’s research strategies, its operating procedures and policies as approved by the Board. The CGIAR Audit, Finance and Risk Committee is responsible for advising ILRI’s Board on all matters relating to ILRI’s accounting and financial management practices, internal controls, and audit results, both external and internal, and institutional risk assessment and management. The committee recommends to the Board whether it should accept the external audit reports and suggests courses of remedial action if any, which should be implemented to follow up on audit findings. This committee also determines whether the internal control and audit systems established are adequate and whether the internal audit function is efficient and effective. A member of the AFRC (Richard Golding) joins ILRI Board meetings as a focal point. Frequency of Board meetings The Board of Trustees met twice during the year in June and in December. All meetings were conducted in a hybrid format, given ongoing travel restrictions. The Board committee meetings took place 10–14 days prior to the Board meeting to enable the committee reports and recommendations to be provided to the Board for review and decision-making. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 11 External audit ILRI’s auditors are appointed by the Board for a period of six years. The current auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC), were appointed in September 2020 for the first six-year term beginning January 2021 and renewable subject to performance. The external auditors present and discuss the annual audited financial statements, their final audit opinion, and their associated management reports on internal controls with the CGIAR Audit, Finance and Risk Committee prior to the Q2 Board meeting. _________________________ Elsa Murano Chair, Board of Trustees 15 May 2023 Researchers in the laboratory at the ILRI Nairobi campus (photo credit: ILRI/Paul Karaimu). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 12 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Goat milk in Borana, Ethiopia (photo credit: ILRI\Zerihun Sewunet). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 13 Statement by the chair of the Board of Trustees Working with key Livestock research conducted by ILRI is targeted at the sustainable, resilient, and partners, ILRI continues inclusive transformation of livestock food systems in low- and middle-income to support countries countries (LMICs). The research contributes to CGIAR’s five impact areas and to the to undertake livestock Sustainable Development Goals, particularly the eight where livestock make direct sector assessments and contributions. livestock master plans ILRI research contributes to the CGIAR Research and Innovation Strategy to 2030 to inform priorities for through CGIAR Initiatives which integrate CGIAR research centre capacities to deliver public and private sector development outcomes and impacts and through its bilateral research projects. In investments in livestock January 2022, 31 new CGIAR initiatives were launched to help radically realign food, enterprises land, and water systems. CGIAR’s new initiatives were designed by multidisciplinary teams of scientists from across the CGIAR System to make real, lasting, and positive impact across five Impact Areas: 1) Nutrition, Health, and Food Security; 2) Poverty Reduction, Livelihoods, and Jobs; 3) Gender Equality, Youth, and Social Inclusion; 4) Climate Adaptation and Mitigation; and 5) Environmental Health and Biodiversity. With CGIAR research and innovation providing a 10:1 return on investment, supporting the new initiatives provided funders with a clear path to impact for people, climate, and nature. ILRI scientists lead three such Livestock-focused Initiatives the Livestock, Climate and Systems Resilience (LCSR); Sustainable Animal Productivity (SAPLING) and Protecting Human Health through a One Health approach, and ILRI participates and contributes livestock science to 11 others. ILRI hosts the CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform – the impact platform on Gender Equality, Youth and Social Inclusion and the CGIAR Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Hub. For the three Initiatives led by ILRI scientists, together with the CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform and the AMR Hub, the Board exercised its oversight responsibility through a review by the program committee of reports from each of the Initiatives, CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform, and the AMR Hub. As has been the case since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, ILRI has responded to both the managerial and research challenges posed by the pandemic and other security risks through continuous monitoring and, where necessary assembling its Crisis Management Team supported by crisis response teams on its Kenya and Ethiopia campuses. Management has continued to communicate to ILRI staff around the world and those of the centres ILRI hosts in Kenya and Ethiopia through e-mails, all-staff virtual round-up gatherings, and an online SharePoint resource where staff can find emergency contacts, guidelines, etc. Crisis management and risk management plans continue to be updated to guide the multiple mitigation and business continuity processes. ILRI’s leadership in livestock research for LMICs continued to receive considerable attention during 2022; selected research highlights include: Ÿ ILRI scientists engaged with Africa CDC, Pandemic Prevention Institute, and the Rockefeller Foundation to set up a comprehensive network of genomic pathogen surveillance across Africa that allowed for near real-time analysis of SARS-CoV-2 emerging variants. Genomics and bioinformatics training programs to expand genomic epidemiology capacity in Africa had been carried out, a pan-African genomic database sharing platform framework for the continent has been established in collaboration with Africa CDC. A Climate Amplified Disease and Epidemics (CLIMADE) program focusing on using genomics and modelling tools has been initiated to characterize climate amplified pathogens in collaboration with the Rockefeller Foundation and ILRI scientists. Ÿ ILRI’s One Health agenda and leadership particularly across Africa continues to deepen and expand with added activities across southeast and south Asia with International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 14 For the year ended 31 December 2022 national and international partners. Using livestock as its entry point, ILRI is expanding activities at the wildlife-livestock interface. ILRI’s One Health activities continue to be closely connected to the quadripartite (FAO, World Health Organization, World ILRI’s clinical research Organization for Animal Health, and the United Nations Environment Program). facilities have been upgraded to enable it to Ÿ ILRI’s clinical research facilities have been upgraded to enable it to offer services at Good Clinical Practice (GCP) standards. offer services at Good Clinical Practice (GCP) Ÿ Candidates live attenuated vaccines for African swine fever have been identified standards. and are being evaluated. Ÿ Following successful completion of the complete cycle of poultry cryopreservation and recovery using novel methods that are easily adopted by national systems collaboration with AU-IBAR is underway to roll-out this methodology among their regional genebanks. Ÿ Quantification of the impact of thermal stress on dairy production in real-world smallholder settings has demonstrated useful and heritable variation and allows quantification of the impact of particular climate change scenarios and identification of breed combinations adapted to future demands. Ÿ New research results have demonstrated for the first time the genetic basis for forage biomass, water use efficiency and field quality traits in Napier grass, a key forage resource in many low- and middle-income countries, particularly for dairy systems. Ÿ Research on the first chromosome-scale plant genome for the dual-purpose lablab genome highlighted a model that provides opportunities for researchers in Africa to engage in genome sequencing for indigenous orphan crops. Ÿ ILRI’s livestock-environment research team continued to provide input into global assessments of opportunities to address greenhouse gas emission mitigation options for livestock, and to provide new, accurate data on African livestock emissions that informs IPCC Tier 2 metrics. Ÿ Working with key partners, ILRI continues to support countries to undertake livestock sector assessments and livestock master plans to inform priorities for public and private sector investments in livestock enterprises. Ÿ A new, innovative initiative, the Jameel Observatory for food security early action based at ILRI, led by University of Edinburgh in collaboration with Save the Children, the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL) and Community Jameel that brings together data science, community, humanitarian, non-governmental organization (NGO) and public sector engagement to support improved resilience was launched. Ÿ New research results using empirical data showed that vaccinating rural poultry flocks against Newcastle disease and supporting animal health technicians to deliver the vaccines enhanced poultry productivity, household well-being and significantly reduced stunting of both girls and boys. ILRI engagement in multiple global events included keynote presentations at the Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR) lecture series #44 Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, TropAg22 and the International Meat Summit. ILRI hosted the first ever main session on livestock ‘The cow in the room: The roles milk, meat and eggs play in sustainable food systems transformation’ at the African Green Revolution Forum and participated in multiple engagements, side events and adjacent op-eds to raise the profile of livestock in at COP27. ILRI scientists also supported the African Group of Negotiators with capacity strengthening on livestock and long-term strategy development. Delia Randolph received the Arrell Global Food Innovation Award 2022 and the Peter Ellis Award for outstanding contributions to veterinary epidemiology. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Vietnam, awarded the medals ‘For the cause of Agriculture and Rural Development’ to Jimmy Smith and Nguyen Viet Hung. Former ILRI director general Henry A ‘Hank’ Fitzhugh Jr, was awarded Texas A&M University’s College’s Outstanding Alumni award. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 15 In 2022, the Board held two regular meetings in June (Q2) and December (Q4). Both meetings were in hybrid format, with some Board members able to join in Nairobi and ILRI management some online. At the December meeting in Nairobi, ILRI was pleased to welcome the continues to ensure boards of other CGIAR centres, and the CGIAR System Board to its Nairobi campus. that Window 3 and This also provided an opportunity for board members to visit ILRI and CGIAR centre bilateral resources, research on campus, at ILRI’s Kapiti research station and wildlife conservancy and which constitute with partners at the Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organization station at Katumani. most of the funding, are aligned and In 2022, in addition to its usual business of review and approval of financial, audit and contributing to the risk matters, including approval of the internal audit plan, the ILRI Board: CGIAR Research and Ÿ Resolved by consensus and in compliance with the ILRI constitution to extend my Innovation Strategy. term as ILRI Board chair and Board member through to Q2 meeting in 2024. Ÿ Resolved that the responsibilities of the ILRI Board Finance Committee would henceforth be handled through: ü A revised program committee that would incorporate financial elements related to programmatic issues and provide recommendations to the ILRI Board. ü The balance of financial issues would be reviewed by the CGIAR AFRC who would provide recommendations to the ILRI Board. Ÿ Approved a second three-year term for Li Lin Foo as a non-voting Board member. Ÿ Recognized and appreciated the contributions of Richard Golding who finished his term as an ILRI Board member and will continue to engage as a member of AFRC. Ÿ Recognized and appreciated the contributions of Marco Ferroni who finished his term as an ILRI Board member and chair of the System Board. Ÿ Agreed to establish an ad-hoc nominations committee to identify new board members. Ÿ Recognized that in 2022, ILRI had continued to operate in a conservative manner and within its investment policy, which is fully compliant with CGIAR guidelines. With the retirement of ILRI director general Jimmy Smith at the end of December 2022, the Board-appointed search committee presented the results of its extensive search and interview process for a new ILRI director general, who will also serve as CGIAR senior director of livestock-based systems. The Board approved the appointment of Professor Appolinaire Djikeng as the new director general of ILRI. ILRI management continues to ensure that Window 3 and bilateral resources, which constitute most of the funding, are aligned and contributing to the CGIAR Research and Innovation Strategy. ILRI has a broad resource mobilization strategy that aligns resources with CGIAR objectives. I certify that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, that, i. all members of the Board of Trustees, and any centre staff as may be required under the centre’s policies, have made a signed declaration of conflicts of interests, whether perceived or actual, and appropriate action has been taken to manage any such conflicts. ii. the Board of Trustees has carried out an annual evaluation of the director general’s performance in accordance with the centre’s human resource policies. iii. the Board of Trustees has carried out an annual evaluation of the performance of the Board chair, the Board secretary and the overall functioning of the Board and its committees; and iv. the Board and all committees have complied with their respective mandates and terms of reference. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 16 For the year ended 31 December 2022 The Board is pleased to note the continued financial health and stability and the sound ILRI hosted the first ever and prudent management of the institute’s financial resources. In 2022, ILRI had an main session on livestock operating budget of USD 102.7 million. Revenue in 2022 amounted to USD 84 million ‘The cow in the room: The against expenditure of USD 83.3 million resulting in a surplus of USD 825 thousand. roles milk, meat and eggs Despite the continued restrictions on travel, fieldwork, and other processes, it is of much credit that the institute executed its budget so well. The institute’s undesignated play in sustainable food net assets at the end of 2022 amount to USD 14 million (total net assets amount to USD systems transformation’ 38.9 million) with liquidity and operational reserve levels above CGIAR recommended at the African Green ranges. Revolution Forum and participated in multiple The Board remains confident that based on sound financial and programmatic engagements, side planning, management and implementation, the institute remains well positioned to deliver on its mission. The Board would like to thank all ILRI staff for their continued events and adjacent op- commitment and hard work. eds to raise the profile of livestock in at COP27. On behalf of the members of the Board, I thank our investors and partners for their confidence and continued support that is allowing the institute to fulfil its mission. Jimmy Smith retired as ILRI director general at the end of 2022, and I wish to take this opportunity to thank him for his 11 years of outstanding leadership and service to ILRI, to CGIAR and to livestock research for development. I also wish to express my gratitude for the dedication of all ILRI personnel and its exceptional leadership. International livestock research remains essential for global well-being. _________________________ Elsa Murano Chair, Board of Trustees 15 May 2023 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 17 Financial statements Abergelle goat in Abergelle, Amhara, Ethiopia (photo credit: ILRI\Zerihun Sewunet). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 18 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Financial performance summary FIVE-YEAR FINANCIAL REVIEW 120 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 CGIAR US ’000 US ’000 US ’000 US ’000 US ’000 Benchmarks 100 Income 77,759 74,498 76,257 97,042 84,084 80 Expenses 77,425 74,397 75,483 94,574 83,259 Surplus/ (Loss) 334 102 774 2,467 825 60 Assets 40 Non-current 15,094 17,593 21,807 23,917 23,517 Current 75,898 77,831 84,500 79,919 70,086 20 Total assets 90,993 95,424 106,308 103,836 93,603 0 0 1 2 1 0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Net assets & liabilities Income Expenses Surplus/ (Loss) Net assets 34,750 34,852 35,627 38,094 38,919 Non-current liabilities 5,763 6,713 6,172 6,295 6,642 Current liabilities 50,480 53,858 64,509 59,447 Expenses by natural classification 48,042 100 Total net assets & liabilities 90,993 95,424 106,308 103,836 93,603 90 22 Short-term stability indicator 80 2 4 liquidity (days) 155 145 125 104 111 CGIAR Min 90-120 days 3 4 2 2 4 1 32 70 Long-term stability indicator (days) 135 121 99 67 71 CGIAR Min 75-90 days 60 22 30 25 Expenses per day 164 165 160 196 198 23 7 50 7 Working capital 25,419 23,973 19,992 20,472 22,044 8 5 14 7 40 8 2 Gross operating expenditure 77,377 74,395 75,483 94,574 83,259 7 7 30 _less depreciation (including 20 project assets) 36 38 39 (2,752) (2,161) (2,297) (2,300) (1,975) 31 33 10 _less collaboration (14,806) (11,923) (14,660) (20,602) (8,965) 0 Net operating expenditure 59,819 60,312 58,526 71,672 72,319 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Personnel Collaborators - CG Collaborators - Non CG Supplies and Services Travel Depreciation Undesignated net assets 22,179 19,965 15,859 13,157 14,090 Cash management of restricted 27% 22% 21% 21% 21% operations Cash, donor payables & receivable Current ratio 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.5 70 Indirect cost % 17% 17% 17% 17% 17% 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Cash and cash equivalents Donors Payables Donors Receivables USD millions USD millions USD millions International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 19 Financial performance summary 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 1 2 1 0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Income Expenses Surplus/ (Loss) Expenses by natural classification 100 90 22 80 2 4 3 4 2 2 32 70 4 1 60 22 30 25 23 7 50 7 8 5 14 7 40 8 2 7 7 30 20 31 3 36 38 39 3 10 0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Personnel Collaborators - CG Collaborators - Non CG Supplies and Services Travel Depreciation Cash, donor payables & receivable 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Cash and cash equivalents Donors Payables Donors Receivables USD millions USD millions USD millions International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 20 For the year ended 31 December 2022 CAPEX vs depreciation 6 5 Net assets 25 4 22 20 22 22 3 20 20 2 15 16 16 14 13 13 1 10 0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 5 CAPEX Restricted CAPEX Unrestricted Depreciation 0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Income funding by source Undesignated Reserves Net book value of fixed assest 120 100 8 Liqudity and adequency of reserves 80 11 11 180 9 7 40 60 24 21 23 24 160 155 145 40 16 17 140 135 121 125 20 46 41 45 120 32 32 111 104 99 0 100 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 80 67 75 Grants (bilateral) Grants W3 W1/W2 Other center income 60 71 40 20 0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Short term solvency (days)- {CG 90} Long term financial stability (days)- {CG- 75} Days USD millions USD millions USD millions International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 21 CAPEX vs depreciation 6 5 Net assets 25 4 22 20 22 22 3 20 20 2 15 16 16 14 13 13 1 10 0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 5 CAPEX Restricted CAPEX Unrestricted Depreciation 0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Income funding by source Undesignated Reserves Net book value of fixed assest 120 100 8 Liqudity and adequency of reserves 80 11 11 9 7 180 40 60 24 21 23 24 160 155 145 40 16 17 140 135 121 125 20 46 41 45 120 32 32 111 104 99 0 100 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 80 67 75 Grants (bilateral) Grants W3 W1/W2 Other center income 60 71 40 20 0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Short term solvency (days)- {CG 90} Long term financial stability (days)- {CG- 75} Days USD millions USD millions USD millions International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 22 For the year ended 31 December 2022 One of two sheep belonging to Maddou Abdou, bought with the money she earned selling a calf (photo credit: ILRI/Stevie Mann). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 23 Statement of management responsibilities The committees Management is required to prepare consolidated financial statements for each interact regularly with financial year, which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the institute management, internal and its subsidiary as at the end of the financial year and of the consolidated results of auditors, and external activities and cash flows of the institute and its subsidiary for that year. Management auditors to review is also required to ensure that the institute keeps proper accounting records, which matters relating to disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the institute financial planning, and its subsidiary. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the institute financial reporting, risk and its subsidiary. management, internal Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial control, and auditing. statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and for such internal controls as trustees determine are necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. Management accepts responsibility for the annual financial statements, which have been prepared using appropriate accounting policies supported by reasonable and prudent judgements and estimates, in conformity with IFRS. Management is of the opinion that the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the financial affairs of the institute and its subsidiary and of its consolidated results of activities and cash flows. Management further accepts responsibility for the maintenance of accounting records, which may be relied upon in the preparation of financial statements, as well as adequate systems of internal financial control, selecting and applying appropriate accounting policies and making accounting estimates and judgments that are reasonable in the circumstances. The Board of Trustees exercised its responsibility for these financial statements through the Finance and CGIAR Audit, Finance and Risk committees. The committees interact regularly with management, internal auditors, and external auditors to review matters relating to financial planning, financial reporting, risk management, internal control, and auditing. Nothing has come to the attention of management to indicate that the institute and its subsidiary will not remain a going concern for at least the next 12 months from the date of this statement. Signed on behalf of management by: _______________________ ________________________ Appolinaire Djikeng Robert Nzioka Director general Chief financial officer 15 May 2023 15 May 2023 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 24 For the year ended 31 December 2022 ILRI Board statement on risk management The institute’s risk appetite approach is to The ILRI Board has overall responsibility for overseeing the institute’s internal control and risk management systems and for reviewing their adequacy and effectiveness in minimize its exposure alignment with CGIAR principles and guidelines adopted by all CGIAR centres. This to reputational, process lends support to the role of management in implementing the various policies operational and on risk and control, which have been approved by the Board. Under an Enterprise financial risk, whilst Risk Management (ERM) approach, the goal is not to control or avoid all risk, but recognizing, accepting rather to take advantage of opportunities, while reducing or mitigating threats within and encouraging an the institute risk’s appetite. The institute’s risk appetite approach is to minimize its appropriate degree exposure to reputational, operational and financial risk, whilst recognizing, accepting of risk in pursuit of its and encouraging an appropriate degree of risk in pursuit of its mission and objectives. mission and objectives. It recognizes that its appetite for risk varies according to the activity undertaken, and that its acceptance of risk is subject always to ensuring that potential benefits and risks are fully understood before developments are authorized, and that sensible measures to mitigate risk are established. The Board receives recommendations from the CGIAR Audit, Finance and Risk Committee (AFRC) based on its review and determination of the levels of different categories of risk, whilst management and unit/program heads are delegated the responsibility to manage risks related to their respective units/programs. The process requires the unit/program heads to identify and assess the relevant risks in terms of likelihood and magnitude of impact (each on a four-point scale), as well as to identify and evaluate the adequacy and effectiveness of applying the mechanisms in place to manage and mitigate these risks and how these change over time. Key risks, which include strategic, programmatic, operational, financial, reputational, and staff and stakeholder risks that are inherent in the nature of the institute’s activities are identified and assessed at unit and program level, then deliberated at the Institute Management Committee and significant risks are communicated to the Board at their scheduled meetings. The institute endeavours to manage risk by ensuring that mitigation actions are undertaken, which include making sure appropriate infrastructure, controls, systems and people are in place throughout the institute. Key practices employed in managing risks and opportunities include business environmental scans, clear policies and accountabilities, transaction approval frameworks, financial and management reporting, and the monitoring of metrics designed to highlight positive or negative performance of individuals and business processes across a broad range of key performance areas. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic continued to impact on ILRI’s operations in 2022 and ILRI’s response to both the managerial and research challenges it posed continued. ILRI maintained the committees that had been formed in the previous year as a precautionary measure in case there would be a new outbreak in 2022. ILRI’s Emergency Preparedness Plan remained in place, including (i) a Crisis Management Team, (ii) Crisis Response Teams on its Kenya and Ethiopia campuses and (iii) a Task Force (comprising experts in animal, human and occupational health, and from regional offices and hosted institutes). These interlocking committees worked seamlessly to develop and communicate guidelines to ILRI staff around the world and those of the centres ILRI hosts in Kenya and Ethiopia. Communication with these constituencies have been through e-mails, weekly all-staff virtual round-up gatherings and an online SharePoint resource where staff can find emergency contacts, guidelines, etc. As required, management also put in place Crisis Management and Response teams in response to a state of emergency in Ethiopia and updated supporting crisis management and risk management plans to guide the multiple mitigation and business continuity processes. The design and effectiveness of the risk management system and internal controls is International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 25 subject to ongoing review by the institute’s Internal Audit Unit, which is independent of the business and research units, and which reports on the results of its audits directly ILRI’s leadership in to the director general and to the Board. Taken together, the Board is satisfied with the livestock research for attention paid by management to risk. Regarding ILRI’s 2022 Financial Statements and LMICs continued to the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting, the CGIAR Audit, Finance receive considerable and Risk Committee reviewed management’s assertions in its 2022 Management Letter attention during 2022; (provided to the external auditors) and Management’s Statement of Responsibility for Financial Reporting included as part of the annual financial statement and its assertions that internal controls are adequate. _________________________________ Elsa Murano Chair, Board of Trustees 15 May 2023 Cattle at a livestock market in Ukambani, Kenya (photo credit: ILRI/Susan MacMillan). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 26 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Independent auditor’s report to the trustees of the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Report on the audit of the Group financial statements Our opinion We have audited the accompanying financial statements of International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) (the ‘institute’) and its subsidiary (together, ‘the Group’) set out on pages 28 to 103 which comprise the consolidated statement of financial position at 31 December 2022 and the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of changes in net assets and consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended and the notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements of ILRI give a true and fair view of the financial position of the Group at 31 December 2022, and of the Group’s financial performance and cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. Basis for opinion We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the ‘Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements’ section of our report. We are independent of ILRI in accordance with the International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including International Independence Standards) issued by the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA Code) together with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in Kenya. We have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the IESBA Code. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. Other information The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The trustees are responsible for the other information. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in this report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements, or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If, based on the work we have performed on the other information, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. We have nothing to report in this regard. PwC Tower, Waiyaki Way/ Chiromo Road, Westlands Responsibilities of trustees for the financial statements P O Box 43963 – 00100 The trustees are responsible for the preparation of financial statements that give a true Nairobi, Kenya and fair view in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards and for such internal control as the trustees determine is necessary to enable the preparation T: +254 (20)285 5000 of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud F: +254 (20)285 5001 or error. www.pwc.com/ke In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters Partners: E Kerich B Kimacia related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless M Mugasa A Murage F Muriu P Ngahu B Ngunjiri R Njoroge S O the directors either intend to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or have no Norbert’s B Okundi K Saiti realistic alternative but to do so. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 27 Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs, we exercise professional judgement and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also: Ÿ Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Ÿ Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal control. Ÿ Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by the trustees. Ÿ Conclude on the appropriateness of the trustee’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern. Ÿ Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation. Ÿ Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the Group to express an opinion on the financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the Group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion. Ÿ We communicate with the trustees regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. PwC Tower, Waiyaki Way/ Chiromo Road, Westlands P O Box 43963 – 00100 Nairobi, Kenya CPA Stephen Ochieng’ Norbert’s, Practising Number P/1819 T: +254 (20)285 5000 Engagement partner responsible for the audit F: +254 (20)285 5001 www.pwc.com/ke For and on behalf of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Certified Public Accountants Partners: E Kerich B Kimacia Nairobi M Mugasa A Murage F Muriu P ______________2023 Ngahu B Ngunjiri R Njoroge S O Norbert’s B Okundi K Saiti International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 28 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Consolidated statement of financial position     As at 31 December     2022 2021   Notes USD’000 USD’000 Current assets   Cash and cash equivalents 5 42,760 48,829 Listed corporate bonds 6 5,872 - Account receivables 7 20,386 29,316 Prepaid expenses 8 710 1,361 Inventories 9 358 413 Total current assets   70,086 79,919 Non-current assets   Property, plant and equipment 10 21,581 21,766 Biological assets 11 1,936 2,151 Total non-current assets   23,517 23,917 TOTAL ASSETS   93,603 103,836 Current liabilities   Accounts payable 12 46,739 57,760 Provisions 13 444 565 Accruals 14 859 1,122 Total current liabilities   48,042 59,447 Non-current liabilities   Long-term employee benefits 15 6,642 6,295 Total non-current liabilities   6,642 6,295 Net assets   Undesignated 14,090 13,157 Designated 24,829 24,937 Total net assets   38,919 38,094 TOTAL NET ASSETS AND LIABILITIES   93,603 103,836 The notes and exhibits set out on pages 34 to 103 form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. The consolidated financial statements were approved by the Board of Trustees on 15 May 2023 and were signed on its behalf by: __________________________ __________________________ Appolinaire Djikeng Robert Nzioka Director general Chief financial officer 15 May 2023 15 May 2023 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 29 Consolidated statement of activities and other comprehensive income     For the year ended 31 December     2022 2021   Notes USD’000 USD’000 REVENUE   Window 1 & Window 2 17 23,764 40,204 Window 3 17 17,123 16,275 Bilateral 17 32,154 32,300 Other revenues and gains 18 8,096 5,898 Sale of livestock 19 345 299 Fair value (loss) gain on livestock 21 (19) 49 TOTAL REVENUE AND GAINS   81,463 95,025   COST OF SALES   Cost of sale of livestock 20 (274) (94) TOTAL COST OF SALES   (274) (94)   EXPENSES   Research expenses 23 55,280 58,958 Collaborator expenses 24 8,965 20,632 General and administration expenses 25 10,428 11,012 Other expenses and losses 26 4,878 1,349 Expected credit loss 3 1,565 1,426 TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES   81,116 93,377   Financial income 27 2,545 1,946 Financial expenses 27 (1,869) (1,104) SURPLUS/(DEFICIT) FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES 749 2,396   OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME   Exchange differences on translation of subsidiary 76 71 TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME   76 71   TOTAL SURPLUS/(DEFICIT) FOR THE YEAR   825 2,467 The notes and exhibits set out on pages 34 to 103 form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 30 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Consolidated statement of changes in net assets Designated Designated *Kapiti investment additional exchange ***ILRI **Undesignated in fixed capital to translation designated reserve assets subsidiary reserve reserves Total Description USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 At January 2021 15,860 19,667 - 100 19,767 35,627 Surplus/ (deficit) for the year 2,396 - - - - 2,396 Exchange translation - - - 71 71 71 Total comprehensive income for the year 2,396 - - 71 71 2,467 Additional capital to subsidiary (3,000) - 3,000 - 3,000 - Net change in Investment in fixed assets (2,099) 2,099 - - 2,099 - Balance as at December 2021 13,157 21,766 3,000 171 24,937 38,094 At January 2022 13,157 21,766 3,000 171 24,937 38,094 Surplus/ (deficit) for the year 749 - - - - 749 Exchange translation - - - 76 76 76 Total comprehensive Income for the year 749 - - 76 76 825 Centre fixed assets replacement - - - - - - Additional capital to subsidiary -   -   - - Net change in Investment in fixed assets 184 (184) - - (184) - Balance as at December 2022 14,090 21,582 3,000 247 24,829 38,919 *Exchange translation on opening reserves in subsidiary and opening balance of assets. **Undesignated reserves refer to that part of net assets that is not allocated by management for specific purposes. ***Designated reserves refer to that part of net assets that has been allocated by management for specific purposes such as future acquisition of property and equipment and replacement of the institute’s assets. The notes and exhibits set out on pages 34 to 103 form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 31 Consolidated statement of cash flows     For the year ended 31 December     2022 2021   Notes USD’000 USD’000 CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: -   Surplus/(deficit) for the year 749 2,396 Adjustments to reconcile surplus or deficit to net cash flows Depreciation on property and equipment and amortization of intangible assets 10 1,975 2,300 Fair value adjustments on biological assets 21 216 3 Exchange differences on subsidiary 76 71 Decrease(increase) in Assets;   Account receivables 7 8,931 (7,668) Prepayments 8 650 384 Inventories 9 55 (51) Increase(decrease) in Liabilities; Account payables 11 (11,021) (5,087) Provisions paid 13 (121) (92) Accruals 14 (263) (92) Long-term employee benefits 15 347 123 Sub total   1,594 (7,713) Net cash inflow(outflow) from operating activities 1,594 (7,713) CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES   Purchase of bonds 6 (5,872) - Acquisition of property and equipment 10 (1,791) (4,399) Purchase of biological assets 11 - (15) Net cash inflow(outflow) from investing activities (7,663) (4,414) Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents (6,069) (12,127) Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 48,829 60,956 Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 42,760 48,829 The notes and exhibits set out on pages 34 to 103 form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 32 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Cattle going to the grazing field in Afar region, Ethiopia (photo credit: ILRI/Apollo Habtamu). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 33 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 34 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Notes to the consolidated financial statements 1. REPORTING ENTITY Creation and status of ILRI The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) was created as an international organization by an agreement dated 21 September 1994 signed in Berne, Switzerland, by the governments of Switzerland, Denmark, Sweden, Kenya and Ethiopia and the United Nations Environment Programme. On 1 January 1995, all the activities, assets, liabilities and fund balances of the International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases (ILRAD) based in Nairobi, Kenya, and the International Livestock Centre for Africa (ILCA) based in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, were transferred to ILRI. ILRI operates under agreements entered into with the governments of the respective host countries (Kenya and Ethiopia). The Government of Kenya (1974) and the Government of Ethiopia (1976) made available to ILRI leasehold land of approximately 70 hectares and 32 hectares, respectively. ILRI is a CGIAR research centre, operating under the name CGIAR System Organization since 1 July 2016. The CGIAR System Organization is a global research partnership for a ILRI is a CGIAR research food-secure future. The System Organization advances international agricultural research centre, operating under for a food-secure future by integrating and coordinating the efforts of those who fund the name CGIAR System research and those who do the research. The CGIAR System Organization is comprised of Organization since 1 July the System Management Board, the System Management Office and 15 research centres. 2016. ILRI’s livestock research agenda continues to address many of the world’s most pressing sustainable development challenges and to raise the profile of livestock globally. Our research contributes to both the CGIAR System Level Outcomes and to the Sustainable Development Goals. CGIAR Research Initiatives The CGIAR Research Initiatives started in 2022 after the CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs) came to an end at the end of 2021. ILRI research contributes to the CGIAR Research and Innovation Strategy to 2030 through CGIAR Research Initiatives which integrate CGIAR research centre capacities to deliver development outcomes and impacts and through its bilateral research projects. ILRI scientists lead three such Initiatives (Livestock, climate and systems resilience (LCSR);  Sustainable Animal Productivity for Livelihoods, Nutrition and Gender inclusion (SAPLING) and protecting human health through a One Health approach) and ILRI participates and contributes livestock science to 14 others. ILRI hosts the CGIAR platform on Gender equality, youth & social inclusion and the CGIAR Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Hub. With a better alignment between ILRI’s internal programs, the CGIAR GENDER Impact platform and the AMR hub, the institute’s livestock research is well positioned to ILRI operates under contribute to the CGIAR System Level Outcomes and the Sustainable Development agreements entered into Goals. In 2022, funding through Window 1 and Window 2 constituted about 28% (2021: with the governments 41%) of the institute’s total income of USD84million. of the respective host The financial statements of ILRI have been consolidated with the financial statements countries (Kenya and of its subsidiary–Kapiti Plains Estate Limited. Ethiopia). Subsidiary—Kapiti Plains Estate Limited Kapiti Plains Estate Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of ILRI purchased in 1981 and registered under the Companies Act of Kenya. The company operates a ranch that was acquired primarily to support the research needs of ILRI. The subsidiary sells surplus livestock to third parties. The loss for the year ended 31 December 2022 amounted to USD1.82 million (2021: USD1.04 million). At the end of 31 December 2022, the subsidiary had a debt balance of USD4.9 million (2021: USD3.3 million) in ILRI’s books. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 35 Management is working on income diversification as well as cost reduction strategies to help in reducing the loss and creating a financially sustainable Kapiti. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (a) Basis of preparation The financial statements of ‘the Group’ (which comprises ILRI and its wholly owned subsidiary, Kapiti Plains Estate Limited) have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except where otherwise stated in the accounting policies below. The consolidated statement of activities and other comprehensive income refers to the consolidated statement of profit and loss and other comprehensive income in the context of IAS 1. (b) Basis of consolidation The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the institute and its subsidiary, Kapiti Plains Estate Limited, in which the institute holds 100% of the voting rights as at 31 December 2022. Control is achieved when the institute is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. Specifically, the institute controls an investee if, and only if, the institute has: Power over the investee (i.e., existing rights that give it the current ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee). Exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee. The ability to use its power over the investee to affect its returns. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are deconsolidated from the date the control ceases. All inter- company balances, transactions, income and expenses and profits and losses resulting from inter-company transactions are eliminated in full. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of the subsidiary to bring their accounting policies into line with those used by other members of the Group. The preparation of financial (c) Functional and presentation currency statements involves the The consolidated financial statements are presented in United States dollars use of estimates and (USD) and all values are rounded to the nearest thousand (USD ’000), which is the assumptions that affect Group’s functional currency. the reported amounts of (d) Use of estimates and judgments assets and liabilities and The preparation of financial statements involves the use of estimates and disclosures of contingent assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and assets and liabilities at disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the statements and the reported period. Although these estimates are based on the management’s best reported amounts of knowledge of current events and actions, actual results ultimately may differ from revenues and expenses the estimates. during the reported period. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. Information about significant areas of estimation and critical judgement in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements are described in Note 3. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 36 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Buffalo in Tan Lac district, Hoa Binh province. Livestock plays a key role in improving nutrition for children in Vietnam, which helps them lead a healthy life (photo credit: ILRI/ Vu Ngoc Dung). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 37 Revenue recognition Grant revenue The Group recognizes revenue when performance obligations have been settled, the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, when it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the entity and when specific criteria have been met for each of the Group’s activities as described below. The Group bases its estimates on historical results, taking into consideration the type of donor, the type of transaction, and the specifics of each arrangement. Unrestricted grant revenue arises from the unconditional transfer of cash or other assets to ILRI. Restricted grant revenue arises from a transfer of resources to ILRI in return for past or future compliance related to the operating activities of the institute. Unrestricted grants are recognized upon receipt of confirmed commitment. Restricted grants are recognized as revenue upon the fulfilment of donor-imposed conditions. Revenue associated with the transaction is recognized by referring to the stage of completion of the transaction at the reporting date. When the outcome of the transaction cannot be estimated reliably, revenue is recognized only to the restricted revenue is extent of the expenses that are recoverable. recognized only to the When the Group receives non-monetary grants, the asset and the grant are extent of the expenses that recorded gross at nominal amounts and released to profit or loss over the expected are recoverable. useful life of the asset, based on the pattern of consumption of the benefits of the underlying asset by equal annual installments. When loans or similar assistance are provided by governments or related institutions with an interest rate below the current applicable market rate, the effect of this favorable interest is regarded as a government grant. Other revenue and gains Revenue from contracts with customers Other revenue and gains are recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer. Revenue from service charges, which is the only revenue from contracts with customers, is recognized at the point in time when the services are provided to the customer (fulfils the performance obligations) at the contractual rates. For the year ended 31 December 2022, the Group did not have any contracts with customers exceeding one calendar year or any unfulfilled performance obligations under the contracts as at the year end. Interest income Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis using the effective interest method. Interest income is calculated by applying the effective interest rate to the gross Interest income is carrying amount of a financial asset except for financial assets that subsequently presented as finance become credit impaired. For credit-impaired financial assets the effective interest income where it is earned rate is applied to the net carrying amount of the financial asset (after deduction of from financial assets the loss allowance). that are held for cash Interest income is presented as finance income where it is earned from financial management purposes. assets that are held for cash management purposes. Any other interest income is included in the other income. (e) Currency translation The Group’s financial statements are presented in USD. Transactions and balances expressed in currencies other than the USD are treated as follows: i) Non-USD grants and donations received in the year are converted to USD at the exchange rates prevailing on the dates of receipt. Non-USD grants and International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 38 For the year ended 31 December 2022 donations pledged for the year but not received by the year end are recognized in the financial statements at the exchange rates prevailing at the year end. ii) Non-USD denominated expenditures are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing for the month in which they are incurred and are accumulated in USD. iii) Assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the USD are translated into USD at the exchange rates prevailing at the year end. iv) Gains and losses arising from changes in exchange rates are charged to the statement of activities in the year in which they arise. v) On consolidation, exchange translation on opening reserves in the subsidiary is recognized in other comprehensive income and in the translation reserve in net assets. (f) Cash and cash equivalents Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near maturity date that they present insignificant risk of changes in value. For the consolidated statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts as they are considered an integral part of the Group’s cash management. (g) Financial instruments Initial recognition and measurement Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition, as subsequently measured at amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (OCI), and fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL). The Group has no financial instruments measured at fair value through OCI or FVTPL. The classification of financial assets at initial recognition depends on the financial asset’s contractual cash flow characteristics and the Group’s business model for managing them. Apart from trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Group has applied the practical expedient, the Group initially measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value, through profit or loss transaction costs. Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Group has applied the practical expedient are measured at the transaction price Financial assets are determined under IFRS 15. classified, at initial For a financial asset to be classified and measured at amortized cost or fair value recognition, as through OCI, it needs to give rise to cash flows that are ‘solely payments of principal subsequently measured and interest (SPPI)’ on the principal amount outstanding. This assessment is at amortized cost, fair referred to as the SPPI test and is performed at an instrument level. value through other The Group’s business model for managing financial assets refers to how it manages comprehensive income its financial assets to generate cash flow. The business model determines whether (OCI), and fair value cash flows will result from collecting contractual cash flows, selling the financial through profit or loss assets, or both. (FVTPL). Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the marketplace (regular way trades) are recognized on the trade date (i.e., the date that the Group commits to purchase or sell the asset). Subsequent measurement of financial assets For purposes of subsequent measurement, all the Group’s financial assets are classified as financial assets at amortized cost (debt instruments). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 39 Financial assets at amortized cost (debt instruments) The Group measures financial assets at amortized cost if both of the following conditions are met: i) the financial asset is held within a business model with the objective to hold financial assets to collect contractual cash flows, and ii) The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Financial assets at amortized cost are subsequently measured using the effective interest rate (EIR) method and are subject to impairment. Gains and losses are recognized in the statement of activities and other comprehensive income when the asset is derecognized, modified or impaired. The Group’s financial assets at amortized cost includes trade and other receivables, cash and bank balances, corporate bonds and amounts due from related parties. Subsequent measurement of financial liabilities After initial measurement, financial liabilities are classified as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, or account payables. The Group’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, and balances due to related parties. The Group has not designated any financial liabilities as ‘at fair value through profit or loss’ and does not have any loan or borrowing or hold derivatives. Trade and other payables This is the category most relevant to the Group. After initial recognition, these financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Gains and losses are recognized in the statement of activities and other comprehensive income when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process. Amortized cost is calculated by considering any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of activities and other comprehensive income. Accounts payable represent amounts due to donors, employees, and others for support services and/or materials received prior to year-end but not paid for at the reporting date. i) Accounts payable donors These include amounts payable to donors in respect of any unexpended funds received in advance for restricted grants. ii) Accounts payable partners Gains and losses are recognized in the These include amounts partners have accounted for but whose payments or reimbursements have not been made by the reporting date. statement of activities and other comprehensive iii) Accounts payable others income when the liabilities These include all other liabilities ILRI has incurred and has been billed for, are derecognized as which remain unpaid as at the reporting date. well as through the EIR Derecognition of financial instruments amortization process. Financial assets A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognized when. Ÿ rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired; or Ÿ the Group has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 40 For the year ended 31 December 2022 delay to a third party under a ‘pass-through’ arrangement; and either (a) the Group has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Group has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the assets but has transferred control of the asset. Financial liabilities A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in profit or loss. Offsetting Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset, and the net amount reported in A financial liability is the statement of financial position only when there is a currently enforceable legal derecognized when the right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net obligation under the basis, or to realize the assets and settle the liability simultaneously. liability is discharged or Fair values cancelled or expires. The fair value of the financial assets and liabilities approximate the carrying amounts shown in the statement of financial position due to their short-term nature. Impairment of financial assets The Group recognizes an allowance for expected credit losses (ECLs) for all debt instruments not held at fair value through profit or loss. ECLs are based on the difference between the contractual cash flows due in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Group expects to receive, discounted at an approximation of the original effective interest rate. The expected cash flows will include cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms. ECLs are recognized in two stages. For credit exposures for which there has not been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, ECLs are provided for credit losses that result from default events that are possible within the next 12 months (a 12-month ECL). For those credit exposures for which there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, a loss allowance is required for credit losses expected over the remaining life of the exposure, irrespective of the timing of the default (a lifetime ECL). For trade receivables and contract assets, the Group applies a simplified approach in calculating ECLs. Therefore, the Group does not track changes in credit risk, but instead recognizes a loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date. The fair value of the The Group has established a provision matrix that is based on its historical credit financial assets and loss experience, adjusted for forward-looking factors specific to the debtors and liabilities approximate the the economic environment. carrying amounts shown in The Group considers a financial asset in default when contractual payments are 90 the statement of financial days past the due date. However, in certain cases, the Group may also consider a position due to their short- financial asset to be in default when internal or external information indicates that term nature. the Group is unlikely to receive the outstanding contractual amounts in full before considering any credit enhancements held by the Group. A financial asset is written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovering the contractual cash flows. Classification of financial instruments The table below sets out the Group’s classification of each class of financial assets and liabilities. The amounts in the table are the carrying amounts of the financial instruments at the reporting date. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 41 Mandatorily   Amortized cost measured at Carrying amount FVTPL At 31 December 2022 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 Financial assets       Cash and bank balances 42,760 - 42,760 Listed corporate bonds 5,872 - 5,872 Accounts receivable 20,386 - 20,386 Total assets 69,018 - 69,018 Financial liabilities       Accounts payable 46,739 - 46,739 Accruals 859 - 859 Total liabilities 47,598 - 47,598 Mandatorily   Amortized cost measured at Carrying amount FVTPL At 31 December 2021 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 Financial assets       Cash and bank balances 48,829 - 48,829 Accounts receivable 29,316 - 29,316 Total assets 78,145 - 78,145 Financial liabilities       Accounts payable 57,760 - 57,760 Accruals 1,122 - 1,122 Total liabilities 58,882 - 58,882 (h) Property and equipment Property and equipment whose full cost exceeds USD3,000 and which ILRI has purchased using unrestricted funds and can be used in the production or supply of goods or services or for administrative services for more than one year are capitalized and stated at acquisition cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Acquisition cost includes the direct purchase price and incidental costs such as freight, insurance, installation, and handling charges. Subsequent material expenditure that extends the useful life or enhances the operating efficiency of an item of property and equipment is capitalized. The cost of normal repairs and Construction work in maintenance of existing property and equipment is recognized as an operating progress is capitalized expense in the statement of activities and other comprehensive income. as work in progress but Construction work in progress is capitalized as work in progress but depreciation depreciation starts only starts only when the work is complete, and the facility is put into use. when the work is complete, All immovable assets constructed or carried on leasehold land donated by host and the facility is put into countries have been capitalized as assets of the institute. ILRI has the right to use. negotiate for extension of leases under the host country agreements upon expiry of the current leases. In accordance with the host country agreements, if the host country agreement is terminated, or the host country does not renew a lease upon expiry, all immovable assets will be disposed of by CGIAR (in consultation with the governments of Ethiopia and Kenya). Gains and losses on disposal of property and equipment are determined by reference to their carrying amount and are accounted for in the Statement of Activities. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 42 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis at annual rates estimated to write off the cost of each item of property and equipment over the estimated term of its useful life. The annual rates used are as follows: Farm works 5% Buildings and land improvements 3% (33 years) Laboratory and scientific equipment 10–15% (7–10 years) on an item-by-item basis ICT equipment 33.33% (3 years) Office and household furniture and equipment 20% (5 years) Farm equipment 10% (10 years) Motor vehicles 20% (5 years) Depreciation of acquired assets starts in the month that the assets are placed in operation and continues until the assets are fully depreciated or their use discontinued. Depreciation charge is time-apportioned in the year of disposal of items of property and equipment. An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gains and losses on disposal of property and equipment are determined by reference to their carrying amount and are accounted for in the Statement of Activities. Operating lease rentals relating to lease land are amortized over the term of lease. The residual values, useful lives, and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate. (i) Intangible assets Intangible assets of the institute comprise acquired computer software. The cost of acquisition and installation of computer software is capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of the software, usually three years. The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their useful economic lives, usually three years, and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortization period and the amortization method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are accounted for by changing the amortization period or method, as appropriate, Gains or losses arising and are treated as changes in accounting estimates. The amortization expense on from derecognition of intangible assets with finite lives is recognized in the statement of activities in the an intangible asset are expense category consistent with the function of the intangible assets. measured as the difference Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the between the net disposal difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset proceeds and the carrying and are recognized in the statement of activities when the asset is derecognized. amount of the asset and (j) Impairment of non-financial assets are recognized in the The Group assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an statement of activities asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing when the asset is for an asset is required, the Group estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. An derecognized. asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or cash generating units (CGU’s) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. It is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 43 In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. Impairment losses of continuing operations are recognized in the statement of activities and other comprehensive income in those expense categories consistent with the function of the impaired asset. Impairment losses recognized in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. If such indication exists, the Group estimates the asset’s or CGU’s recoverable amount. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized. Such reversal is recognized in the statement of activities and other comprehensive income. (k) Inventories Inventory is carried at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is calculated on a weighted average basis and includes purchase price, freight and other incidental costs. Net realizable value is the price at which the inventory can be realized in the normal course of business after allowing for the costs of the realization The determination of obsolescence or expiration is based on the lower of the Biological assets comprise manufacturer’s recommendations and documented experience and knowledge livestock. Livestock is of the management. The amount of write-down of inventories to net realizable value and all losses of inventories are recognized as an expense in the period the stated at fair value less write-down or loss occurs. point of sale costs. (l) Biological assets Biological assets comprise livestock. Livestock is stated at fair value less point of sale costs. The fair value of livestock is determined based on market prices of livestock of similar age, breed and genetic merit. Also, a minimum selling price is set for young stock to minimize depletion of future stock. Changes in fair value are recognized in the statement of activities and other comprehensive income. (m) Employee benefits i) Defined contribution plan The institute’s contributions are maintained as a defined contribution plan for all categories of staff. Contributions to the defined contribution plan are charged to the statement of activities as incurred. ii) Short-term employee benefits Short-term employee benefits are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognized for amounts expected to be paid if the Group has present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past Net assets represent the service provided by employees and obligation can be estimated reliably. residual interest in the iii) Termination benefits institute’s assets remaining Termination benefits are expensed at the end of the employee contracts when after liabilities have been the Group can no longer withdraw the offer of those benefits. deducted. iv) Long-term benefits Full provision is made for benefits payable to employees at the end of their contracts. Provisions are also made in respect of repatriation costs and outstanding leave days accruing to all staff. (n) Net assets Net assets represent the residual interest in the institute’s assets remaining after liabilities have been deducted. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 44 For the year ended 31 December 2022 (o) Accruals Accruals represent liabilities to pay for goods or services that have been received or supplied but not yet invoiced or formally agreed with suppliers. (p) Provisions Provisions are recognized when the institute has (a) a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, (b) it is more likely than not that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and (c) a reliable estimate of the amount can be made. Provisions are measured at the present value of the management’s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the reporting date. (q) Tax ILRI: The governments of Kenya and Ethiopia have undertaken to exempt ILRI from all local taxes including customs duty on goods and services received by the institute. Consequently, the institute does not account for tax in its financial statements. Kapiti Plains Estate Limited: Current income tax Income tax expense is recognized in the statement of activities and other comprehensive income except to the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in equity or other comprehensive income, in which case it is recognized in equity or other comprehensive income. Income tax assets and liabilities for the current period are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from, or paid to, the taxation authorities. Current tax is the amount of income tax payable on the taxable profit for the year determined in accordance with the relevant tax legislation. The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax rates and tax laws that are enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences, except when the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss. Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses, to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized. Current tax is the amount of The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date income tax payable on the and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable taxable profit for the year profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized. determined in accordance Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are with the relevant tax recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits legislation. will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized, or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss. Deferred tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 45 Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current income tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority. (r) Determination of fair values Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either: Ÿ in the principal market for the asset or liability, or Ÿ in the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability. The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Group. When available, the Group measures the fair value of an instrument using quoted prices in an active market for that instrument. A market is regarded as active if quoted prices are readily and regularly available and represent actual and regularly occurring market transactions on an arm’s-length basis. If a market for a financial instrument is not active, then the Group establishes fair value using a valuation technique. The chosen valuation technique makes maximum use of market inputs, relies as little as possible on estimates specific to the Group, incorporates all factors that market participants would consider in setting a price and is consistent with accepted economic methodologies for pricing financial instruments. A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset considers a market participant’s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use Fair value is the price that or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest would be received to sell and best use. an asset or paid to transfer The Group uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances a liability in an orderly and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the transaction between use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs. market participants at the All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the measurement date. financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy. This is described, as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole: Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable. Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable. For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements at fair value on a recurring basis, the Group determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by reassessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period. For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Group has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy, as explained above. (s) Changes in accounting policies and disclosures i) New standards, amendments, and interpretations applicable from 1 January 2022 but do not have a material effect on the Group. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 46 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Amendments to IAS 16 ‘Property, Plant and Equipment’ on proceeds before intended use (Published in May 2020) The amendment to IAS 16 prohibits an entity from deducting from the cost of an item of PPE any proceeds received from selling items produced while the entity is preparing the asset for its intended use (for example, the proceeds from selling samples produced when testing a machine to see if it is functioning properly). The proceeds from selling such items, together with the costs of producing them, are recognised in profit or loss. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022. Amendment to IAS 1 ‘Presentation of Financial Statements’ on classification of liabilities as current or non-current (Published in January 2020) The amendment clarifies that liabilities are classified as either current or non-current, depending on the rights that exist at the end of the reporting period. Classification is unaffected by expectations of the entity or events after the reporting date (for example, the receipt of a waiver or a breach of covenant). The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022. Annual improvements cycle 2018 -2020 (published in May 2020 and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022) These amendments include minor changes to: IFRS 1, ‘First time adoption of IFRS’ has been amended for a subsidiary that becomes a first-time adopter after its parent. The subsidiary may elect to measure cumulative translation differences for foreign operations using the amounts reported by the parent at the date of the parent’s transition to IFRS. IFRS 9, ‘Financial Instruments’ has been amended to include only those costs or fees paid between the borrower and the lender in the calculation of “the 10% test” for derecognition of a financial liability. Fees paid to third parties are excluded from this calculation. IFRS 16, ‘Leases’, amendment to the illustrative example 13 that accompanies IFRS 16 to remove the illustration of payments from the lessor relating to leasehold improvements. The amendment intends to remove any potential confusion about the treatment of lease incentives. ii) New standards and interpretations that are not yet effective and have not been early adopted. IAS 41, ‘Agriculture’ has been amended to align the requirements for measuring fair value with those of IFRS 13. The amendment removes the requirement for entities to exclude cash flows for taxation when measuring fair value. The amendments are effective 1 January 2023. Amendments to IAS 1 ‘Classification of liabilities as current or non-current’ (Published in January 2020 and effective 1 January 2023) The amendment clarifies that liabilities are classified as either current or non-current, depending on the rights that exist at the end of the reporting period. A number of requirements are required to be met in conjunction with this amendment. Amendments to IAS 12, Income Taxes: Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction (Published in May 2021 and effective 1 January 2023) The amendments require companies to recognise deferred tax on transactions that, on initial recognition give rise to equal amounts of taxable and deductible temporary differences. Amendments to IAS 12, Income Taxes: Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction (Published in February 2021 and effective 1 January 2023) The amendments aim to improve accounting policy disclosures and to help users of financial statements to distinguish changes in accounting policies from changes in accounting estimates. There are no other IFRSs or IFRIC interpretations not yet effective that would be expected to have a material impact on the Group’s financial statements. The Trustees are of the view that the above amendments will not have any material impact on the financial statements of the Group. There are no other IFRSs or IFRIC interpretations not yet effective that would be expected to have a material impact on ILRI’s consolidated financial statements. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 47 Milk samples are taken to be analyzed for bacteria and quality control. Mulukanoor Women’s Cooperative Dairy, Telangana State, India (photo credit: ILRI/Douglas Varchol). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 48 For the year ended 31 December 2022 2. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES Managing financial risk is one aspect of the risk management practice of ILRI, which considers all its operations. The institute’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks, including market risks (foreign currency risk, interest risk, funding risks, inflation risk) and credit risk. Risk management is carried out by the management of the institute supported by the Internal Audit Unit under policies approved by the Board of Trustees. A key element of the institute’s risk management program is minimizing potential adverse effects on its financial performance. The Finance function identifies, evaluates and hedges financial risks. The various categories of risks are described below. i) Market risk a. Foreign currency risk Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. The organization is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from various currency exposures, primarily with respect to the Kenya Shilling, Ethiopian Birr, British Pound and the Euro. Foreign exchange risk arises from future transactions and recognized assets and liabilities. Investment decisions are also guided by the foreseeable conditions of foreign exchange markets and a conservative investment policy. The following table demonstrates the group’s exposure to foreign currency risks of the major denominations it deals in. 2022 2021 GBP EUR KES ETB GBP EUR KES ETB Description ’000 ’000 ’000 ’000 ’000 ’000 ’000 ’000 Cash and bank 1,015 1,819 1,270 346 930 11,196 590 719 Donor receivables 943 1,909 435 4 - 121 241 - Donor payables (139) (4,163) (46) - (2,066) (4,563) (49) - Trade receivables - - - 805 - - - 53 Trade payables (207) (898) (2,160) - (289) (703) (1,065) - Employees receivables 16 - 3,223 732 - - 3,034 730 Employees payables - (121) - - 8 (86) - - Net Amount 1,629 (1,454) 2,722 1,887 (1,416) 5,965 2,751 1,503 The following table demonstrates the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in the Kenya Shilling (KES), Ethiopian Birr (ETB), Euro (EUR) and British Pound (GBP) exchange rate, with all other variables held constant, of the Group’s profit before tax and the Group’s surplus. The Group’s exposure to foreign currency changes for all other currencies is not material. Effect on surplus/deficit pre-tax Effect on surplus/deficit pre-tax Currency Increase/decrease in exchange rate 2022 2021 USD’000 USD’000 10% 272 275 KES -10% (272) (275) 10% 189 150 ETB -10% (189) (150) 10% 163 (142) GBP -10% (163) 142 10% (145) 597 EUR -10% 145 (597) International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 49 b. Interest rate risk Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. Interest rate risk to the Group is the risk of changes in market interest rates reducing the overall return or increasing the cost of finance to the Group. All the institute’s interest-bearing financial instruments are measured at amortized cost and have a fixed interest rate hence there is no interest rate risk. c. Funding risk ILRI manages funding risk through financial planning systems, a conservative investment policy and its resource mobilization strategy. d. Inflation risk Inflation risk is managed through conservative budgeting and a conservative investment policy. ii) Credit risk Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will cause a financial loss to the institute by failing to discharge a contractual obligation. This risk is managed in the following four ways: a. avoiding contracts with donors on a reimbursable basis, b. minimizing advances to suppliers, c. strict management of employee advances, and d. stringent due diligence processes for bank selection and regular tenders for local banks and other suppliers. The amount that best represents the Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk related to receivables at 31 December 2022 is made up of donor receivables, partner receivables, employee receivables, hosted institute receivables and other receivables as shown in the tables below. Donor receivables 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Receivables < 6 months 5,985 13,503 Receivables > 6 months <= 12 months 1,647 3,482 Receivables > 12 months <= 24 months 2,264 1,208 Receivables over 24 months 571 575 Impaired (847) (800) Total 9,620 17,968 Partner receivables 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Receivables < 6 months 1,283 1,851 Receivables > 6 months <= 12 months 2,106 2,922 Receivables > 12 months <= 24 months 330 245 Receivables over 24 months 636 523 Impaired (719) (626) Total 3,636 4,915 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 50 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Employee receivables 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Receivables < 6 months 666 498 Receivables > 6 months <= 12 months 100 153 Receivables > 12 months <= 24 months 17 51 Receivables over 24 months 31 79 Impaired (20) (20) Total 794 761 Hosted institutes receivables 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Receivables < 6 months 138 2,278 Receivables > 6 months <= 12 months - 252 Receivables > 12 months <= 24 months - - Receivables over 24 months - - Total 138 2,530 Other receivables 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Receivables < 6 months 6,157 3,024 Receivables > 6 months <= 12 months - - Receivables > 12 months <= 24 months - - Receivables over 24 months - - Total 6,157 3,024 To determine the debtors that should be impaired, the management team pursues debtors that have been outstanding for 90 days. They gather information on the debtor’s ability for debts repayment and intentions towards debt settlement. Based on the information obtained, the receivables are impaired as per policy. Set out below is the information about the credit risk exposure on the Group’s trade receivables on donors and partners using a provision matrix. Donor receivables Days past due 7-12 Over 24 Current months 13-24 months months Total At 31 December 2022 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 Expected credit loss rate 0% 3% 10% 100%   Gross amount 5,985 1,647 2,264 571 10,467 Expected credit loss - (49) (226) (571) (847)           Days past due 7-12 Over 24 Current months 13-24 months months Total At 31 December 2021 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 Expected credit loss rate 0% 3% 10% 100% Gross amount 13,503 3,482 1,208 575 18,768 Expected credit loss - (104) (121) (575) (800) International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 51 Partner receivables Days past due 7–12 Over 24 Current months 13–24 months months Total At 31 December 2022 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 Expected credit loss rate 0% 3% 6% 100%   Gross amount 1,283 2,106 330 636 4,355 Expected credit loss - (63) (20) (636) (719) Days past due 7–12 Over 24 Current months 13–24 months months Total At 31 December 2021 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 Expected credit loss rate 0% 3% 6% 100%   Gross amount 1,851 2,922 245 523 5,541 Expected credit loss - (88) (15) (523) (626) 2022 2021 Expected credit loss USD’000 USD’000 Donor receivables credit loss 847 800 Partner receivables credit loss 719 626 Total 1,566 1,426 Credit risk from balances with banks and financial institutions is managed by the Group’s treasury department in accordance with the Group’s policy. Investments of surplus funds are made only with approved counterparties and within credit limits assigned to each counterparty. Counterparty credit limits are reviewed by the Group’s Board of Trustees on an annual basis and may be updated throughout the year subject to approval of the investment committee. The limits are set to minimize the concentration of risks and therefore mitigate financial loss through a counterparty’s potential failure to make payments. The Group invests only on short-term fixed and call deposits hence we are not exposed to credit risk. The amount that best represents the Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk related to other financial assets is indicated below: Credit risk analysis–other financial assets 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Certificates of deposits 37,126 37,215 Listed corporate bonds 5,872 - Bank balances 5,614 11,448 Total 48,612 48,668 iii) Liquidity risk Effective cash flow and working capital management is carried out to ensure that there is a balance between operational and investment requirements. Eighty per cent (80%) of cash in bank is investment in short-term deposits and 20% is kept on call deposits for funding day-to-day cash requirements. ILRI maintains a conservative investment strategy with investments limited to fixed-term deposits and short-term call deposits with a limited number of quality banks. To mitigate against political risk, our deposits are spread across several banks and in different countries, mainly the United States of America, the European Union, Kenya and Ethiopia. The table below analyses the institute’s financial assets that will be settled on a net basis into relevant International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 52 For the year ended 31 December 2022 maturity groupings based on the remaining period at reporting date to the contractual maturity date. The amounts disclosed in the table below are the contractual undiscounted cash flows. Balances due within 12 months equal their carrying amounts as the impact of discounting is not significant. Investments-2022 Financial Institution / Currency Type Amount Investment Maturity Investment Credit Money Market USD ’000 Date Date period- Days rating I&M BANK USD Certificate of deposits 2,127 8-Nov-22 8-Nov-23 365 B (Fitch) I&M BANK USD Certificate of deposits 2,119 8-Nov-22 8-Nov-23 365 B (Fitch) I&M BANK USD Certificate of deposits 2,020 8-Nov-22 8-Nov-23 365 B (Fitch) I&M BANK USD Certificate of deposits 385 9-Nov-22 9-Nov-23 365 B (Fitch) NCBA USD Certificate of deposits 7,474 24-May-22 24-May-23 365 B (Fitch) NCBA USD Certificate of deposits 1,408 9-Nov-22 9-Nov-23 365 B (Fitch) NCBA KES Certificate of deposits 806 Open Open Open B (Fitch) ABSA USD Certificate of deposits 11,079 9-Nov-22 9-Nov-23 365 BB-(Fitch) STANBIC USD Certificate of deposits 7,427 Open Open Open B (Fitch) STANBIC EUR Certificate of deposits 1,504 Open Open Open B (Fitch) STANBIC GBP Certificate of deposits 529 Open Open Open B (Fitch) STANBIC KES Certificate of deposits 6 Open Open Open B (Fitch) LOF (CH) ST MON MK USD MA USD Money market 201 30-Sep-22 Open Open AA (Fitch) ORDINARY ACCOUNT IN USD USD Money market 40 Open Open Open AA-(Fitch) Total     37,126         Investments-2022 Bond Currency Type Amount Investment Maturity Investment Credit USD ’000 date date period- days rating 1% ROPER TECHNO SEP2515.09.2025 USD Bonds 216 30-Sep-22 15-Sep-25 1,081 BBB (Fitch) 1.3% HYUNDAI JAN26 REGS08.01.2026 USD Bonds 212 3-Oct-22 8-Jan-26 1,193 BBB+ (Fitch) 2 1/4 AM EXPRESS MAR2504.03.2025 USD Bonds 229 30-Sep-22 4-Mar-25 886 A- (Fitch) 2% 3M COMPANY FEB2514.02.2025 USD Bonds 229 30-Sep-22 14-Feb-25 868 A+(Fitch) 2.45% AERCAP OCT2629.10.2026 USD Bonds 211 30-Sep-22 29-Oct-26 1,490 BBB- (Fitch) 2.6% ABBVIE NOV2421.11.2024 USD Bonds 231 30-Sep-22 21-Nov-24 783 BBB (Fitch) 2.8% BOEING MAR2401.03.2024 USD Bonds 235 30-Sep-22 1-Mar-24 518 BBB- (Fitch) 3 3/4INEOS FIN JAN26 REGS15.01.2026 USD Bonds 219 30-Sep-22 15-Jan-26 1,203 BB (Fitch) 3.28% TENCENT APR24 REGS11.04.2024 USD Bonds 236 30-Sep-22 11-Apr-24 559 A+ (Fitch) 3.35% WALT DISNEY MAR2524.03.2025 USD Bonds 235 13-Oct-22 24-Mar-25 893 A- (Fitch) 3.4% CITIGROUP MAY2601.05.2026 USD Bonds 229 30-Sep-22 1-May-26 1,309 A- (Fitch) 3.428% WARNERMEDIA MAR2415.03.2024 USD Bonds 236 30-Sep-22 15-Mar-24 532 BBB- (Fitch) International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 53 3.95%CNH INDUSTRIAL MAY2523.05.2025 USD Bonds 117 30-Sep-22 23-May- 25 966 BBB (Fitch) 4 1/4 HSBC HLDG MAR2414.03.2024 USD Bonds 240 30-Sep-22 14-Mar-24 531 BBB+ (Fitch) 4 1/4BAYER US FIN 25 REGS15.12.2025 USD Bonds 233 30-Sep-22 15-Dec-25 1,172 BBB (Fitch) 4 3/4MAF GLOBAL SEC MAY2407.05.2024 USD Bonds 239 30-Sep-22 7-May-24 585 BBB (Fitch) 4 3/8 VICI PROP MAY2515.05.2025 USD Bonds 235 30-Sep-22 15-May- 25 958 BBB- (Fitch) 4 5/8 OCI OCT25 REGS15.10.2025 USD Bonds 234 30-Sep-22 15-Oct-25 1,111 BBB- (Fitch) 4 7/8 BALL MAR26 15.03.2026 USD Bonds 238 30-Sep-22 15-Mar-26 1,262 BB+ (Fitch) 4% STILLWATER NOV2616.11.2026 USD Bonds 214 30-Sep-22 16-Nov-26 1,508 BB (Fitch) 4.2%BK AMERICA AUG2426.08.2024 USD Bonds 240 30-Sep-22 26-Aug-24 696 A- (Fitch) 5 1/4 HCA JUN2615.06.2026 USD Bonds 238 30-Sep-22 15-Jun-26 1,354 BBB- (Fitch) 5 1/8 SEALED DEC24 REGS01.12.2024 USD Bonds 239 30-Sep-22 1-Dec-24 793 BB (Fitch) 5 3/4BC UNLIMIT 25 REGS15.04.2025 USD Bonds 243 30-Sep-22 15-Apr-25 928 BB (Fitch) 5 5/8 ARABIAN CENT OCT2607.10.2026 USD Bonds 221 30-Sep-22 7-Oct-26 1,468 BB (Fitch) 5% XEROX HLDG AUG2515.08.2025 USD Bonds 226 30-Sep-22 15-Aug-25 1,050 BB (Fitch) Total     5,872         Investments-2021 Financial Amount Investment Maturity Investment Institution Currency Type USD 000 Date Date period- Days Credit rating I&M BANK USD Certificate of deposits 6,202 21-Jul-22 21-Jul-22 365 Satisfactory (CBK) I&M BANK USD Certificate of deposits 723 4-Aug-22 4-Aug-22 365 Satisfactory (CBK) I&M BANK USD Certificate of deposits 2,052 8-Apr-22 8-Apr-22 365 Satisfactory (CBK) I&M BANK USD Certificate of deposits 2,044 17-May-22 17-May-22 365 Satisfactory (CBK) NCBA USD Certificate of deposits 7,172 24-May-22 24-May-22 365 A+(GCR ) NCBA USD Certificate of deposits 5,705 29-Jan-22 29-Jan-22 365 A+(GCR ) NCBA USD Certificate of deposits 2,076 25-Jan-22 25-Jan-22 365 A+(GCR ) STANBIC USD Certificate of deposits 858 Open Open Open BB-(Fitch) STANBIC EUR Certificate of deposits 9,147 Open Open Open BB-(Fitch) STANBIC GBP Certificate of deposits 746 Open Open Open BB-(Fitch) STANBIC KES Certificate of deposits 490 Open Open Open BB-(Fitch) Total     37,215         International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 54 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Improved housing for goats is one of the activities to improve goat management practices. In Angonia, Mozambique, even the goat houses are made of bricks! (photo credit: ILRI). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 55 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 56 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Current account bank balances 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Bank balances in USD 3,918 8,257 Bank balances in EUR 315 2,049 Bank balances in GBP 486 184 Bank balances in others 895 958 Total 5,614 11,448 The bulk of the bank balances are donor payables amounting to USD26.6 million which represent funds received in advance to be spent within the next year. The table below summarizes the maturity profile of the Group’s financial assets and liabilities based on contractual undiscounted receipts and payments. All liabilities are due on demand. 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Accounts receivable 20,386 29,316 Bank balances and deposits 42,760 48,829 Listed corporate bonds 5,872 - Total financial assets 69,018 78,145 Accounts payable 46,739 57,760 Accruals 859 1,122 Total financial liabilities 47,598 58,882 Liquidity gap 21,420 19,263 3. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY In the process of applying the institutes and its subsidiary’s accounting policies, management has made estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities within current and future financial years. Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The critical areas of accounting estimates and judgements in relation to the preparation of these financial statements are as set out below. i. Critical judgements in applying accounting policies There are no critical judgments, apart from those involving estimations (see below) that management has made in the process of applying the institute’s accounting policies and that have significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements. ii. Key sources of estimation uncertainty Impairment of non-financial assets At each reporting date, the institute reviews the carrying amount of its assets to determine whether there is any indication that these assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of impairment. Refer to Notes 9 and 10. Property and equipment Critical estimates are made in determining the useful lives and residual values to property and equipment based on the intended use of the assets and the economic lives of those assets. Subsequent changes in circumstances or prospective utilization of the assets concerned could result in the actual useful lives or residual values differing from initial estimates. Refer to Note 10 for the carrying amount. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 57 Although management believes the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements were appropriate in the circumstances, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. Biological assets In measuring fair value of biological assets, management estimates and judgements are required for the determination of fair value. These estimates and judgements relate to the market prices, average weight and quality of animals and mortality rates. Market price of livestock is obtained from the research reports from a conservancy. The quality of livestock sold at the local market is considered to approximate the Group’s breeding livestock. 4. INVESTMENT IN SUBSIDIARY — KAPITI There are no critical judgments, apart from This represents the cost of investment in Kapiti Plains Estate Limited (Kapiti), a ranch those involving estimations that was acquired for the purpose of securing adequate supplies of disease-free (see below) that livestock to the institute for research. Kapiti is a wholly owned subsidiary of ILRI and operates as an experimental farm. management has made in the process of applying The subsidiary’s net assets at 31 December 2022 amounted to USD-1.6m, (2021: the institute’s accounting USD115k). The financial statements of Kapiti Plains Estate Limited are prepared policies and that have in Kenya Shillings. Although the subsidiary has been making losses, tax returns are significant effect on the filed annually. The loss for the year ended 31 December 2022 amounted to USD1.82m amounts recognized in the (2021: USD1.04m). At the end of 31 December 2022, the subsidiary had a receivable balance of USD4.89m (2021: USD3.3m) in ILRI’s books. The consolidated statement of financial statements. activities includes the subsidiary’s results for the year as summarized on Note 19–22. Management has conducted an assessment on possible impairment of the investment in Kapiti Plains Estate Limited and determined that there is no material impairment. KPEL has a leasehold land of 999 years with an unexpired period of 916 years. The land’s purpose is for research purposes and not for investment or resale. IFRS 16 (Basis of conclusion 78 – BC 78) permits such leases to be accounted for as per the purchase of land by applying IAS 16- Plant property and equipment. 5. Cash and cash equivalents 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Certificates of deposits 37,126 37,215 Bank balances 5,614 11,448 Cash in hand 20 166 Total 42,760 48,829 6. Listed corporate bonds. 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 At 1 January - - Additions 5,872 - At 31 December 5,872 - A detailed breakdown of the bonds has been provided under investments. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 58 For the year ended 31 December 2022 7. Accounts receivables Description 2022 USD’000 2021 USD’000 Donors   Restricted W3 1,606 2,466 Restricted Bilateral 5,812 8,511 Window 1&2 3,049 7,791 Subtotal donors 10,467 18,768 Less: Provision for doubtful debts (847) (800) Total 9,620 17,968 Partners   National Agricultural Research Stations 2,119 1,664 Universities 1,232 1,411 International Non -Governmental organization 539 528 PS-Private sector 64 68 CGIAR Centres 401 1,870 Subtotal partners 4,355 5,541 Less: Provision for doubtful debts (719) (626) Total 3,635 4,915 Hosted organizations   CGIAR System Organization 92 183 International Centre for Agricultural Research In The Dry Areas (ICARDA) 12 246 Bioversity International (IPGRI), Italy - 57 Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) - 94 International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) - 150 International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) - 299 International Potato Center (CIP) - 468 International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF) - 81 International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) - 43 International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) - 239 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) - 45 International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) - 25 International Water Management Institute (IWMI) - 179 The World Vegetable Centre (WorldVeg) - 1 Subtotal CGIAR centres 104 2,111 Hosted Non-CGIAR Centres 33 419 University and Research Organization 42 118 Total 179 2,648 Employees   Loans 203 30 Travel and medical advances 611 751 Subtotal Employees 814 781 Less: Provision for doubtful debts (20) (20) Total 794 761 Other account receivables 6,157 3,024 Net total accounts receivables 20,386 29,316 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 59 The provisions for doubtful debts developed as follows. Movement on doubtful debts for donors 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 At the beginning of the year (800) (1,191) Arising during the year (536) (326) Utilized 489 717 Unused amounts reversed - - Total (847) (800) Movement on doubtful debts for partners 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 At the beginning of the year (626) (435) Arising during the year (407) (455) Utilized 314 264 Unused amounts reversed - - Total (719) (626) Movement on doubtful debts for employees 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 At the beginning of the year (20) (17) Arising during the year (20) (20) Utilized 20 17 Unused amounts reversed - - Total (20) (20) Movement on doubtful debts for trade debtors 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 At the beginning of the year (28) (41) Arising during the year (17) (28) Utilized 28 41 Unused amounts reversed - - Total (17) (28) 8. Prepaid expenses 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Prepaid expenses* 710 1,361 Total 710 1,361 *Prepaid expenses relate to commercial supplies and consumables for different departments. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 60 For the year ended 31 December 2022 9. Inventories 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Engineering and maintenance parts 20 38 Laboratory and chemical supplies 200 214 Fuel and lubricants 51 45 Stationery/office supplies 15 24 Other supplies 103 113 Subtotal 389 434 Less: Provision (31) (21) Total 358 413 The movement in inventory provision developed as follows. 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 At the beginning of the year (21) (34) Arising during the year (31) (21) Utilized 20 34 Unused amounts reversed - - Total (31) (21) 10. Property plant, equipment and intangible assets Balance as at Additions Balance as at Cost 01.01.2022 Unrestricted Restricted Disposals* 31.12.2022 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 Physical facilities, infrastructure and leasehold improvements 47,181 3,392 - - 50,573 Furnishings and equipment 32,270 630 184 (448) 32,636 Intangible assets (software) 318 - - - 317 Work in progress** 3,598 (2,289) - - 1,309 Total cost of fixed assets 83,366 1,733 184 (448) 84,835 ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION           Physical facilities, infrastructure and leasehold improvements 34,500 630 - - 35,130 Furnishings and equipment 26,664 1,161 184 (448) 27,561 Intangible assets (software) 318 - - - 318 Work in progress - - - - - Total accumulated depreciation 61,482 1,791 184 (448) 63,009 NET CARRYING AMOUNT           Physical facilities, infrastructure and leasehold improvements 12,681 2,762 - - 15,443 Furnishings and equipment 5,605 (531) - - 5,074 Intangible assets (software) - - - - - Work in progress 3,598 (2,288) - - 1,309 Exchange translation (118) (127) - - (244) Total net carrying amount 21,766 (184) - - 21,581 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 61 Property plant, equipment and intangible assets 2021 Balance Balance   as at Additions as at Cost 01.01.2021 Unrestricted Restricted Disposals* 31.12.2021   USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 Physical facilities, infrastructure and leasehold improvements 45,311 1,904 - (34) 47,181 Furnishings and equipment 30,152 2,233 727 (843) 32,269 Intangible assets (software) 345 - - (27) 318 Work in progress** 4,032 (434) - - 3,598 Total cost of fixed assets 79,840 3,703 727 (904) 83,366 ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION           Physical facilities, infrastructure and leasehold improvements 34,041 493 - (34) 34,500 Furnishings and equipment 25,700 1,080 727 (843) 26,664 Intangible assets (software) 345 - - (27) 318 Work in progress - - - - - Total accumulated depreciation 60,086 1,573 727 (904) 61,482 NET CARRYING AMOUNT           Physical facilities, infrastructure and leasehold improvements 11,269 1,411 - - 12,680 Furnishings and equipment 4,452 1,153 - - 5,605 Intangible assets (software) - - - - - Work in progress 4,031 (434) - - 3,598 Exchange translation (85) (31) - - (117) Total net carrying amount 19,667 2,099 - - 21,766 Expensed restricted project assets 2022 Cost as at Additions Disposals Balance as at Description 01.01.2022 during the year during the year 31.12.2022   USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 Physical facilities, infrastructure and leasehold improvements 224 - - 224 Furnishings and equipment 7,260 184 (19) 7,425 Total 7,484 184 (19) 7,649 Expensed restricted project assets 2021 Cost as at Additions during Disposals during Balance as at Description 01.01.2021 the year the year 31.12.2021 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 USD’000 Physical facilities, infrastructure and leasehold improvements 225 - (1) 224 Furnishings and equipment 6,701 727 (168) 7,260 Total 6,926 727 (169) 7,484 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 62 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Property and equipment which has been written off to the statement of activities and other comprehensive income in the year of purchase is shown in the financial statements at nominal value. If these assets had not been written off in the year of purchase, the carrying amount as at 31 December 2022 (where depreciation is calculated to eliminate the cost of the assets over their estimated useful lives at the rate indicated) would have been as follows. Accumulated depreciation of project assets written off: Carrying amount Carrying amount Description year 2022 year 2021 Depreciation % USD’000 USD’000 Physical facilities, infrastructure and leasehold improvements 3% 196 203 Furnishings and equipment 10-15% 2,687 3,368 Total   2,883 3,571 As at 31 December 2022, property and equipment with the below costs were fully depreciated but still in use. 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Land and buildings 30,799 30,594 Motor vehicles 2,890 2,584 Total 33,689 33,178 11. Biological assets 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Fair value at the beginning of the year 2,151 2,140 Exchange difference (196) (53) Increases due to purchases - 15 Fair value adjustments attributed to births 367 293 Fair value adjustments attributed to price changes 36 3 Fair value adjustments attributed to growth 256 149 Fair value adjustments attributed to sales (328) (298) Fair value adjustments attributed to death and other decrements (350) (98) Fair value at the end of the year 1,936 2,151 The biological assets relate to livestock held at Kapiti Plains Estate Limited, which continues to breed and keep livestock, primarily to support the research needs of ILRI, which is the principal shareholder, and sells surplus livestock to third parties. All the biological assets described above are categorized. As consumable biological assets since they are held for research and/or sale rather than to bear produce. All the biological assets are mature biological assets. There are no biological assets whose title is restricted or pledged as security. Additionally, there are no commitments for development or acquisition of biological assets. To manage financial risks, the Group has in place policies to ensure that credit is only extended in limited instances and in those instances is only extended to customers with an established credit history. There are no non-financial measures or estimates of the physical quantities of the Group’s biological assets at the end of the period. The following significant assumptions are made in the estimate of fair values: • The expected market price of livestock will remain constant based on the average price for the last one year. • The market price for each animal can be reliably determined. Fair value hierarchy The fair value of livestock of 2022, USD1.94 million (2021–USD2.15 million), has been categorized as level 2 fair value based on inputs to the valuation technique used. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 63 Type Valuation technique Significant Interrelationship unobservable between unobservable inputs inputs and fair values Livestock comprise cattle, Market comparison technique, fair values are Not applicable Not applicable goats, and sheep based on market prices of livestock of similar age, weight, and market values 12. Accounts payable Description 2022 USD’000 2021 USD’000 Donors   Restricted W3 10,881 16,559 Restricted Bilateral 10,980 12,231 Window 1&2 4,707 4,372 Subtotal donors 26,568 33,162 Partners   National Agricultural Research Stations 168 406 Universities 252 21 International non-governmental organizations 364 149 PS-Private sector 11 77 CGIAR Centres 407 5,139 Subtotal partners 1,202 5,792 Hosted organizations   Bioversity International (IPGRI), Italy 11 77 Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) - 9 International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) 147 197 International Centre for Agricultural Research In The Dry Areas (ICARDA) - 182 International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) 41 69 International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) 144 - CGIAR System Organization 8 - International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) 80 152 International Potato Center (CIP) 338 710 International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) 114 49 International Water Management Institute (IWMI) 44 122 The World Vegetable Centre (WorldVeg) - 34 OCS Operations Support unit 656 - Subtotal CGIAR centres 1,583 2,108 Hosted Non-CGIAR Centres 726 1,250 Subtotal CGIAR centres 2,309 3,358 Employees   Accrued leave 885 760 Travel expenses and other payables 640 1,162 Subtotal employees 1,525 1,922 Trade Creditors 4,774 3,861 CGIAR Cost Sharing Percentage 617 588 University and Research Organization 891 713 Other account Payables 8,853 8,365 Total Accounts payable 46,739 57,760 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 64 For the year ended 31 December 2022 13. Provisions 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 At the beginning of the year 565 445 Arising during the year 302 388 Utilized (423) (268) Unused amounts reversed - - Total 444 565 Movement on general provisions is computed as a percentage (2.5%) of donor and partner receivables excluding Initiatives. Exclusion of Initiative balances is based on the understanding that they are funded from the CGIAR Fund and possibility of default is minimal. 14. Accruals 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Consultants’ costs - 3 Commercial suppliers 148 745 Project expenses 711 318 Other accruals - 56 Total 859 1,122 The Group changed the accounting practice of separating accruals from the main commercial suppliers’ accounts to improve efficiency in monitoring of accruals. 15. Long-term employee benefits Defined contribution benefit. Repatriation Total Description USD’000 costs USD’000 USD’000 As at January 2022 4,116 2,179 6,295 Arising during the year 585 364 949 Utilized (357) (245) (602) Unused amounts reversed - - - As at 31 December 2022 4,344 2,298 6,642 Defined contribution benefit. Repatriation Total Description USD’000 costs USD’000 USD’000 As at January 2021 4,002 2,170 6,172 Arising during the year 729 251 980 Utilized (615) (242) (857) Unused amounts reversed - - - As at 31 December 2021 4,116 2,179 6,295 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 65 16. Related party transactions The Group’s related parties include its fully owned subsidiary, the One CGIAR System Organization, key management personnel and their related parties. Compensation paid to key management personnel comprises the members of the Board of Trustees and members of the Institute Management Committee who have authority and responsibility for planning, oversight, directing and controlling the activities of the Group. Unless otherwise stated, none of the transactions with related parties incorporate special terms and conditions and no guarantees were given or received. Outstanding balances are usually settled in cash. The following transactions have been entered into between the Group and related parties for the relevant financial year. 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Kapiti Plains Estate Limited:     Sales - - Purchases 73 157 CGIAR System Organization:     Sales - - Purchases - - Key management personnel compensation:     Salaries and other short-term employment benefits 2,723 2,170 Post-employment benefits 283 233 Honorarium 112 115 Total 3,118 2,518 The table below shows outstanding balances from the related parties. 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Kapiti Plains Estate Limited:     Receivable balance 4,882 3,330 CGIAR System Organization:     Receivable balance 92 183 Key management personnel compensation:     Receivable/ (payable) balance (6) 3 Total 4,968 3,516 17. Grant revenue 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Window 1 and Window 2 (grant exhibits) 23,764 40,204 Window 3 (grant exhibits) 17,123 16,275 Bilateral (grant exhibits) 32,154 32,300 Total 73,041 88,779 18. Other revenue and gains 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Revenue from contracts with customers 8,056 5,823 Gain/loss on disposal of stock and equipment 40 75 Total 8,096 5,898 Revenue from contracts with customers International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 66 For the year ended 31 December 2022 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Housing and conferencing 4,271 2,816 Research support income 695 771 Office hosting and service income 3,090 2,236 Total 8,056 5,823 19. Sales of livestock 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Cattle 325 267 Sheep 20 32 Others - - Total 345 299 20. Cost of sales 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Labour wages and rations 10 6 Veterinary expenses 264 88 Total 274 94 21. Fair value gain / (loss) on livestock 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Gain attributed to births 367 293 Gain attributable to price changes 36 3 Gain attributed to growth 256 149 Loss attributed to sales (328) (298) Loss attributed to death and other decrements (350) (98) Fair value (loss) gain on biological assets (19) 49 22. Kapiti Plains Estate expenses 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Personnel expenses 646 580 Supplies and services 803 523 Depreciation 120 98 Travel 6 6 Total 1,575 1,207 23. Research expenses 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Unrestricted expenses 562 106 Restricted expenses 54,718 58,852 Total 55,280 58,958 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 67 24. Collaborator expenses 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 CGIAR collaborator expenses  2,208 13,866 Non-CGIAR collaborator expenses  6,757 6,766 Total 8,965 20,632 25. General and administration expenses 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Personnel costs 4,906 4,197 Supplies and services 3,986 5,810 Operational travel 396 27 Depreciation and amortization 37 37 Cost sharing percentage 1,103 941 Total 10,428 11,012 26. Other expenses and losses 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Engineering and facility costs 2,835 378 Business units’ costs 587 505 Research facility units’ costs 1,457 466 Total 4,878 1,349 27. Finance income and expenses 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Interest income 1,325 1,391 Foreign exchange gain 1,220 555 Total finance income 2,545 1,946 Financial expenses:     Foreign exchange losses 1,489 954 Current account revaluation losses 379 150 Total finance expenses 1,869 1,104 Interest received     Interest income received 1,325  1,391 Net forex 649 549 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 68 For the year ended 31 December 2022 28. Expenses by function   2022 2021   Unrestricted Restricted Totals Unrestricted Restricted Totals Description USD ’000 USD ’000 USD ’000 USD ’000 USD ’000 USD ’000 Personnel 7,579 31,336 38,915 5,386 32,651 38,037 Consultants 9 3,953 3,962 - - CGIAR collaborators   2,361 2,361 - 13,866 13,866 Non-CGIAR collaborators   6,605 6,605 - 6,767 6,767 Supplies & Services 9,593 14,790 24,383 8,005 23,103 31,108 Operational Travel 600 3,367 3,967 120 1,432 1,552 Depreciation 1,791 184 1,975 1,573 727 2,300 Cost sharing percentage   1,088 1,088 - 940 940 Indirect Costs (9,357) 9,357 - (9,294) 9,294 - Total 10,215 73,041 83,256 5,791 88,779 94,570 29. Personnel costs 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 Salaries and allowances 27,624 27,213 Contributions to defined contribution plan 3,043 3,175 Medical and life insurance 1,359 1,959 Relocation and leave expenses 5,625 968 Other personnel costs 1,264 4,722 Total personnel costs 38,915 38,037 30. Computation of indirect cost rate 2022 2021 Description USD’000 USD’000 General and administration expenses 10,428 11,012 Research expenses (excluding all collaborator expenses) 55,280 58,958 Non-CGIAR collaborator expenses 6,757 6,767 Total cost excluding CGIAR collaborator expenses 62,037 65,725 ILRI indirect cost rate 17% 17% International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 69 Transporting fodder by bike in Vietnam (photo credit: ILRI/Hung Nguyen). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 70 For the year ended 31 December 2022 A local farmer and her buffalo in Mai Son District, Son La Province (photo credit: ILRI/Stevie Mann). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 71 Exhibits On the road of Tan Lac District of the mountainous province of Hoa Binh, people can see modern vans as part of the fast urbanization process in Vietnam while seeing livestock wandering. Agriculture still dominates this country (photo credit: ILRI/Vu Ngoc Dung). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 72 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Exhibit I: Grant revenues and accounts receivable/payable for the year ended 31 December 2022 ( USD’000) Revenue Grant Total Funds Accounts Accounts Code Donor Grant Pledge Available Receivable Payable Current Year Prior Year CGL001 CGIAR Fund 12,264 9,750 - 251 9,498 - CGL002 CGIAR Fund 4,200 3,022 739 - 3,761 - CGL003 CGIAR Fund 3,946 2,790 - 10 2,779 - CGL004 CGIAR Fund 1,539 1,531 9 - 1,539 - CGL005 CGIAR Fund 580 426 91 - 517 - CGL006 CGIAR Fund 47 30 18 - 47 - CGL007 CGIAR Fund 757 545 - 336 208 - CGL008 CGIAR Fund 198 164 - 82 81 - CGL009 CGIAR Fund 689 560 118 - 678 - CGL010 CGIAR Fund 661 541 - 278 263 - CGL011 CGIAR Fund 1,105 818 - 360 458 - CGL012 CGIAR Fund 794 384 273 - 657 - CGL013 CGIAR Fund 180 143 - 25 119 - CGL014 CGIAR Fund 117 81 17 - 97 - CGL015 CGIAR Fund 446 368 - 16 352 - CGL016 CGIAR Fund 13 9 3 - 12 - CGL017 CGIAR Fund 4,831 458 1,746 - 2,205 - CGL018 CGIAR Fund 271 233 - 42 191 - CRP001 CGIAR Fund 82,752 8 - 8 - 26,459 CRP002 CIAT-International Center for Tropical Agriculture 9,441 - - - - 2,121 CRP003 IFPRI-International Food Policy Research Institute 15,200 - - - - 3,826 CRP004 IFPRI-International Food Policy Research Institute 1,624 - - - - 286 CRP005 CIAT-International Center for Tropical Agriculture 453 - - - - 9 CRP008 GCDT-Global Crop Diversity Trust 4,379 - - - - 928 ICRISAT-International Crops CRP010 Research Institute for the 249 - - - - 90 Semi-Arid Tropics CRP011 CGIAR Fund 14,946 3,174 - 3,174 (0) 6,087 CG12 International Institute Of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) 8,655 57 - 57 - - CG70 International Centre For Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) 33,594 35 - 35 - - CGI006 CGIAR Fund 103 - - - - 103 CGI008 CGIAR Fund 21 - - - - 21 CGI009 CGIAR System Organization 246 107 35 - 141 80 CGI010 CGIAR System Organization 49 32 - 32 - 16 BVI003 Bioversity International 365 158 2 - 159 99 BVI004 Bioversity International 62 - - - - 62 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 73 IIT036 IITA-International Institute of Tropical Agriculture 17 - - - - 17 A:RESTRICTED -WINDOW 1 & 2 25,421 3,049 4,707 23,764 40,204 Australia-ACIAR-Australian ACI021 Centre for International 4,123 212 - 212 - - Agricultural Research Australia-ACIAR-Australian ACI027 Centre for International 1,568 352 - 68 284 277 Agricultural Research Australia-ACIAR-Australian ACI032 Centre for International 1,387 666 - 263 403 56 Agricultural Research Australia-ACIAR-Australian ACI033 Centre for International 1,962 268 - 239 29   Agricultural Research AUT005 Austria-ADA-Austrian Development Agency 641 44 - 44 - - AUT006 Austria-ADA-Austrian Development Agency 560 5 - 5 - 142 BMG013 BMGF-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 11,000 - - - - 153 BMG014 BMGF-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 14,144 - - - - 39 BMG015 BMGF-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 9,750 - - - - 0 BMG018 BMGF-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 9,130 - - - - (380) BMG019 BMGF-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 588 - - - - - BMG020 BMGF-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 1,087 - - - - - BMG021 BMGF-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 4,679 1,396 - 756 641 711 BMG023 BMGF-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 3,754 2,143 - 1,196 947 627 BMG024 BMGF-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 16,983 7,733 - 186 7,548 6,611 BMG025 BMGF-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 1,000 - - - - - BMG026 BMGF-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 13,750 5,857 - 5,468 389 - CHN001 China - Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs 1,053 306 - 130 176 156 South Africa-DAFF-Department GSA001 of Agriculture, Forestry and 240 3 - 3 - - Fisheries ICA006 ICAR-Indian Council of Agricultural Research 1,756 449 106 - 556 369 IFA026 IFAD-International Fund for Agricultural Development 2,000 7 - 7 - - IFA027 IFAD-International Fund for Agricultural Development 3,761 - - - - (26) International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 74 For the year ended 31 December 2022 IFA028 IFAD-International Fund for Agricultural Development 3,508 - 184 1,364 - 1,548 1,322 IFA029 IFAD-International Fund for Agricultural Development 1,000 598 - 259 339 152 Portugal-IICT-Instituto de PRP001 Investigacao Cientifica Tropical 652 3 - 3 - - (Tropical Research Institute) USA - USAID-United States USA075 Agency for International 323 53 - 53 - - Development USA - USAID-United States USA080 Agency for International 1,000 87 - 87 - - Development USA - USAID-United States USA081 Agency for International 38,218 - 175 - - (175) 3,890 Development USA - USAID-United States USA083 Agency for International 6,500 - 105 105 - 210 0 Development USA - USAID-United States USA085 Agency for International 2,209 - 854 1,355 1,477 Development 9,630 USA - USAID-United States USA086 Agency for International 1,074 - - - - - Development USA - USAID-United States USA089 Agency for International 1,000 824 - 334 490 176 Development USA - USAID-United States USA090 Agency for International 15,789 2,708 30 - 2,738 522 Development USA - USAID-United States USA091 Agency for International 941 941 - 713 227 - Development B: RESTRICTED -WINDOW 3 26,399 1,606 10,881 17,123 16,275 AAS001 African Academy of Sciences 272 5 - 5 0 13 United Kingdom-DFID- ABT001 Department for International 2 - - - - 2 Development ACD001 ACDI/VOCA 158 - - - - - Australia-ACIAR-Australian ACI029 Centre for International 79 - 11 11 - 22 78 Agricultural Research Australia-ACIAR-Australian ACI030 Centre for International 13 - - - - - Agricultural Research AEA001 Ayuda en accion Ethiopia 24 21 - - 21 - AKA001 AKADEMIYA2063 444 - - - - 221 Awakening Association for AME001 Sustainable Development 45 9 10 - 19 12 (AMEDD) APH001 African Population Health & Research Center 247 37 35 - 72 34 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 75 APH002 African Population Health & Research Center 292 74 - 35 39 - India-Assam Rural ARS001 Infrastructure & Agricultural 1,428 14 218 - 232 158 Services Society ASL001 African Society of Laboratory Medicine (ASLM) 200 120 80 - 200 - ASL002 African Society of Laboratory Medicine (ASLM) 24 - 24 - 24 - AUI003 African Union Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 5 - - - - 5 BBSRC-Biotechnology and BBS004 Biological Sciences Research 468 17 - 17 - - Council BBS005 University of Cambridge 349 5 - 5 - - BBSRC-Biotechnology and BBS006 Biological Sciences Research 130 - 5 - - (5) 99 Council BEC001 ILRI-Miscellaneous 1,644 - - - - 322 BIO001 Biomin Holding GMBH 43 6 - 6 - (1) Germany-BMZ-German BMZ001 Federal Ministry for Economic 7,781 2,833 - 734 2,099 2,033 Cooperation and Development Germany-BMZ-German BMZ002 Federal Ministry for Economic 16,673 4,251 - 420 3,831 4,552 Cooperation and Development BVF001 Biovision 100 15 - 9 6 46 BVF002 Biovision 150 48 - 0 47 96 BVF003 Biovision 676 144 - 88 56 - BVI002 Bioversity International 315 19 5 - 24 6 CAR001 CARE International 350 - - - - - CGI004 CGIAR System Organization 68 - - - - - CGI005 CGIAR System Organization 155 - - - - 155 CGI007 CGIAR System Organization 43 - - - - 43 CIA008 CIAT-International Center for Tropical Agriculture 336 - - - - - CIA012 CIAT-International Center for Tropical Agriculture 209 3 - 3 - 9 CIA014 CIAT-International Center for Tropical Agriculture 420 - 0 - - (0) 19 CIA016 CIAT-International Center for Tropical Agriculture 79 - - - - - CIA017 CIAT-International Center for Tropical Agriculture 813 - 401 401 - 802 579 CIA018 CIAT-International Center for Tropical Agriculture 124 - 8 43 - 51 39 CIA019 CIAT-International Center for Tropical Agriculture 100 - - - - 98 CIA020 CIAT-International Center for Tropical Agriculture 7,256 5,334 - 698 4,636 2,048 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 76 For the year ended 31 December 2022 CIA021 CIAT-International Center for Tropical Agriculture 110 43 - 3 40 - CIF001 Community Initiative Facilitation and Assistance (CIFA) 86 18 9 - 27 15 CILSS-Comite Permanent CIL002 Inter-Etats De Lutte Contre La 60 6 - 6 - - Secheresse dans Le Sahel CILSS-Comite Permanent CIL003 Inter-Etats De Lutte Contre La 350 - 33 - 33 - Secheresse dans Le Sahel CIMMYT-International Maize CIM005 and Wheat Improvement 4,532 2 - 2 - - Center CIMMYT-International Maize CIM011 and Wheat Improvement 8,686 - 214 - 214 - Center COU001 Columbia University 30 22 - 10 12 - CRC001 ICRC-International Committee of the Red Cross 200 - 87 44 - 122 110 Common Wealth Scientific CRO001 And Industrial Research 39 - - - - - Organization Common Wealth Scientific CSI006 And Industrial Research 300 - - - - - Organization Australia-CSIRO- CSI007 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research 33 - 28 - 28 - Organisation Australia-CSIRO- CSI008 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research 198 147 - 83 64 14 Organisation CST001 CST Ethiopia 99 30 4 - 34 35 CSU001 Colorado State University 275 132 - 10 122 137 CTA-Technical Centre for CTA001 Agricultural and Rural 600 - - - - - Cooperation CWI001 CowaterSogema International Inc 957 399 - 67 332 231 United Kingdom-DFID- DFI059 Department for International 589 5 - 5 - 378 Development DST001 The Donkey Sactuary Trust Limited 93 28 17 - 45 11 DTR001 Defense Threat Reduction Agency/J4C 1,246 83 - 83 - 44 DTR002 Defense Threat Reduction Agency/J4C 2,158 1,068 - 134 934 619 EGU001 Egerton University 44 3 - 3 - 44 EUR016 EC-European Commission 118 3 - 3 - - EUR017 EC-European Commission 300 - - - - - International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 77 EUR018 EC-European Commission 776 - 54 54 - - 181 EUR019 EC-European Commission 183 - - - - - EUR020 EC-European Commission 5,510 2,155 - 1,106 1,049 1,184 EUR021 EC-European Commission 8,778 1,874 - 1,041 833 - The Food, Agriculture and FAN002 Natural Resources Policy 372 87 1 - 89 58 Analysis Network The Food, Agriculture and FAN003 Natural Resources Policy 16 6 - 6 - 2 Analysis Network FAO058 FAO-Food and Agriculture Organization 70 - 12 - - (12) 82 FAO059 FAO-Food and Agriculture Organization 20 - 14 14 - - 20 FAO060 FAO-Food and Agriculture Organization 96 65 21 - 86 11 FAO061 FAO-Food and Agriculture Organization 22 22 - - 22 - FAO062 FAO-Food and Agriculture Organization 79 63 16 - 79 - FAO063 FAO-Food and Agriculture Organization 254 152 99 - 251 - FCO001 FCDO-Foreign Commonwealth & Development Office 19 - - - - 12 GAM001 Small Ruminant Production Enhancement Project 400 169 - 32 136 229 GAN001 GALVMED-Global Alliance for Livestock Veterinary Medicines 55 - - - - - GAN002 GAIN-Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition 1,001 204 18 - 223 216 GAV002 GALVMED-Global Alliance for Livestock Veterinary Medicines 300 28 - 28 - - GAV007 GALVMED-Global Alliance for Livestock Veterinary Medicines 1,065 - - - - 143 GAV009 GALVMED-Global Alliance for Livestock Veterinary Medicines 45 28 - 25 3 17 GCA001 Global Center on Adaptation 300 255 69 - 324 - GCA002 Global Center on Adaptation 204 114 - 114 - - GEF007 UNEP-United Nations Environment Programme 1,983 11 - 11 - (17) Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ003 Gesellschaft für Internationale 1,614 48 - 48 - - Zusammenarbeit GmbH Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ005 Gesellschaft für Internationale 1,555 58 - 58 - - Zusammenarbeit GmbH Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ008 Gesellschaft für Internationale 300 49 - 49 - - Zusammenarbeit GmbH Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ009 Gesellschaft für Internationale 1,655 54 - 54 - - Zusammenarbeit GmbH International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 78 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ012 Gesellschaft für Internationale 1,346 - - - - - Zusammenarbeit GmbH Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ016 Gesellschaft für Internationale 296 10 - 10 - - Zusammenarbeit GmbH Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ017 Gesellschaft für Internationale 611 - - - - - Zusammenarbeit GmbH Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ018 Gesellschaft für Internationale 183 - - - - - Zusammenarbeit GmbH Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ019 Gesellschaft für Internationale 120 - - - - - Zusammenarbeit GmbH Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ020 Gesellschaft für Internationale 7,221 1,291 319 - 1,609 2,307 Zusammenarbeit GmbH Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ021 Gesellschaft für Internationale 397 - 34 34 - - - Zusammenarbeit GmbH Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ022 Gesellschaft für Internationale 464 30 - 30 - - Zusammenarbeit GmbH Germany-GIZ-Deutsche GIZ023 Gesellschaft für Internationale 164 14 60 - 74 67 Zusammenarbeit GmbH Republic of Burundi: Ministry GOB001 of Environment, Agriculture 2,013 853 27 - 881 1,126 and Livestock GRT001 GRET-Groupe de Recherches et d’Echanges Technologiques 116 63 - 32 31 1 GSU001 Georgia State University 74 3 27 - 31 42 GSU002 Georgia State University 16 - - - - 16 HEI007 Heifer International 300 79 - 26 53 - IAE001 IAEA-International Atomic Energy Agency 51 6 - - 6 26 International Centre for IAR001 Antimicrobial Resistance 169 86 - 22 65 - Solutions(ICARS) ICI001 ICIPE-International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology 73 - - - - 19 ICR008 ICRAF-World Agroforestry Centre 717 - - - - - ICR009 ICRAF-World Agroforestry Centre 30 0 - 0 - - ICRISAT-International Crops ICS023 Research Institute for the 821 25 - 25 - 83 Semi-Arid Tropics ICRISAT-International Crops ICS024 Research Institute for the 336 35 - 35 - 116 Semi-Arid Tropics International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 79 ICRISAT-International Crops ICS025 Research Institute for the 180 - - - - - Semi-Arid Tropics ICRISAT-International Crops ICS026 Research Institute for the 157 - - - - - Semi-Arid Tropics IDA001 IsDB-Islamic Development Bank 270 10 - 10 - 6 IDR019 IDRC-International Development Research Centre 629 10 - 10 - - IDR020 IDRC-International Development Research Centre 1,457 509 - 164 345 291 IDR021 IDRC-International Development Research Centre 390 266 - 156 110 124 IDR022 IDRC-International Development Research Centre 131 43 - - 43 10 IDR023 IDRC-International Development Research Centre 316 125 9 - 135 124 IDR024 IDRC-International Development Research Centre 361 105 - 11 94 95 IDR025 IDRC-International Development Research Centre 1,227 668 - 225 443 457 IDR026 IDRC-International Development Research Centre 195 114 - 114 - - IFA025 IFAD-International Fund for Agricultural Development 60 11 - 11 - - IFP027 IFPRI-International Food Policy Research Institute 2,362 23 - 23 - - IFP029 IFPRI-International Food Policy Research Institute 650 3 - 3 - - IFP038 IFPRI-International Food Policy Research Institute 1,400 - - - - - IFP042 IFPRI-International Food Policy Research Institute 45 - - - - - IFP046 IFPRI-International Food Policy Research Institute 487 0 - - 0 479 IIE004 3Ie-International Initiative for Impact Evaluation 430 86 67 - 153 63 IIT020 IITA-International Institute of Tropical Agriculture 282 19 - 19 - - IIT025 IITA-International Institute of Tropical Agriculture 120 14 - 14 - - IIT027 IITA-International Institute of Tropical Agriculture 475 - 27 27 - - 113 IIT028 IITA-International Institute of Tropical Agriculture 322 - 35 35 - - 0 IIT032 IITA-International Institute of Tropical Agriculture 1,736 1 - - 1 119 IIT033 IITA-International Institute of Tropical Agriculture 55 - - - - - IIT035 IITA-International Institute of Tropical Agriculture 22 - - - - - International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 80 For the year ended 31 December 2022 ILC002 International Land Coalition 1,534 - 14 14 - - - IMA001 Interchurch Medical Assistance,Inc. 96 15 11 - 26 42 IPA001 Innovations for Poverty Action 48 30 14 - 44 2 IRE005 Ireland 836 96 - 96 - - IRE006 Ireland 2,050 62 - 62 - - ISR001 Islamic Relief 135 - 7 - 7 - IVN001 IVVN-International Veterinary Vaccinology Network 127 22 13 - 35 45 IVN002 IVVN-International Veterinary Vaccinology Network 105 71 6 - 77 42 IVN003 IVVN-International Veterinary Vaccinology Network 49 49 - - 49 15 JIC001 John Innes Centre 277 41 28 - 69 102 JKU001 Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology 25 44 - 44 - - KIT001 KIT Royal Tropical Institute 383 66 44 - 110 105 KMT001 KMT-Kenya Markets Trust 40 40 - 40 - - KOR019 Korea-RDA-Rural Development Administration 350 - - - - 0 KOR020 Korea-RDA-Rural Development Administration 50 22 - 22 - - KOR021 Korea-RDA-Rural Development Administration 90 26 9 - 36 23 KOR022 Korea-RDA-Rural Development Administration 100 - - - - 69 KOR023 Korea-RDA-Rural Development Administration 166 - - - - 148 KOR024 Korea-RDA-Rural Development Administration 450 298 - 188 111 2 The Ministry of KOR025 Agriculture,Food and Rural 2,753 638 - 607 31 - Affairs of the Republic of Korea LAN001 Lancaster University 395 - 263 299 - 35 193 LAN002 Lancaster University 20 - 4 - - (4) 4 LOL001 Land O’Lakes, Inc. International Development 159 - - - - - LSH001 LSHTM-London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine 199 - 65 88 - 23 138 LSH002 LSHTM-London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine 893 - 0 105 - 104 49 LTG001 GCDT-Global Crop Diversity Trust 3,201 110 - 5 106 672 LUN002 Lund University 366 4 - 4 - - Kenya-MALF-Ministry of MAL001 Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries State Department of 384 - 74 74 - - (1) Agriculture Kenya-MALF-Ministry of MAL002 Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries State Department of 180 59 - 59 - - Agriculture International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 81 Kenya-MALF-Ministry of MAL003 Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries State Department of 386 - 195 - 195 - Agriculture MCK002 McKnight Foundation 75 - - - - - MCK003 McKnight Foundation 75 69 - 22 46 6 MFE001 Ethiopia-Ministry of Finance and Economic Cooperation 4,750 1,991 - 1,191 801 611 MLF003 Ethiopia-Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries 434 13 - 13 - - MLF004 Ethiopia-Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries 53 - - - - - MML001 Euroconsult Mott MacDonald 343 18 4 - 22 170 MML002 Euroconsult Mott MacDonald 1,026 241 113 - 354 301 MML003 Euroconsult Mott MacDonald 51 4 13 - 17 1 MML004 Euroconsult Mott MacDonald 1,960 523 64 - 587 - MML005 Euroconsult Mott MacDonald 92 4 15 - 19 - MML006 Euroconsult Mott MacDonald 66 - 0 10 - 10 - MOA002 Guinea-Ministry of Agriculture 494 165 63 - 228 33 MSU001 New Mexico State University 20 20 - 12 7 (0) NAS001 NAS-National Academy of Sciences, USA 80 41 - 28 12 6 NCD001 Uruguay-National Corporation for Development 82 - 7 - 12 (19) 89 NUP001 NUPI-Norwegian Institute of International Affairs 8 5 - 5 - - NUR001 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, GALWAY 1,155 302 - 198 103 - Netherlands-NWO-Netherlands NWO001 Organisation for Scientific 1,120 - 43 200 - 157 573 Research Netherlands-NWO-Netherlands NWO002 Organisation for Scientific 94 - - - - - Research Netherlands-NWO-Netherlands NWO003 Organisation for Scientific 95 - 22 - 22 - Research ODI002 ODI-Overseas Development Institute 1,140 - 145 145 - - - ODI003 ODI-Overseas Development Institute 21 22 - - 22 - OIE001 World Organization for Animal Health 239 - - - - - OPM001 Oxford Policy Management Limited 126 38 1 - 39 - OSU001 The Ohio State University 242 50 6 - 56 64 PAT002 PATH-Program for Appropriate Technologies in Health 956 3 - 3 - 409 PDU001 Purdue University 100 5 - 5 - - RCI003 RECONCILE-Resource Conflict Institute 47 3 - 3 - 53 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 82 For the year ended 31 December 2022 RDD001 Rwanda-RAB-Rwanda Agricultural Board 273 - 3 - - (3) 205 RTI001 RTI International 902 89 14 - 103 161 RUC003 University of California 1,052 - - - - - RUC004 University of California 249 - - - - 171 RUC005 University of California 339 - - - - - RUC006 University of California 40 - - - - 33 RUC007 University of California 61 - - - - 60 RUC008 University of California 172 78 88 - 166 5 RVC001 Royal Veterinary College 65 - 12 12 - - - SAG001 Pakistan-Sindh-Livestock & Fisheries Department 1,295 - - - - - SCB001 Switzerland-Swiss Capacity Building Facility 143 - - - - - SDA001 Samagra Development Associates Private Limited 401 165 21 - 186 203 SDC001 Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation 100 21 12 - 33 47 SEI001 SEI-Stockholm Environment Institute 180 - - - - - SFS001 SFSA-Syngenta Foundation for Sustainable Agriculture 150 1 12 - 13 28 Sweden-SIDA-Swedish SID006 International Development 6,044 1,023 - 184 839 1,590 Cooperation Agency SNV002 SNV-Netherlands Development Organisation 2,073 - - - - - SNV003 SNV-Netherlands Development Organisation 2,367 514 21 - 535 528 SOA001 SOAS University of London 101 - - - - 15 SRU001 Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC) 12 13 - 13 - - SRU002 Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC) 984 - 7 - 7 - TEA001 Teagasc – The Agriculture and Food Development Authority 194 131 - 70 62 - TEN003 Terra Nouva 436 53 - 53 - - TEX014 Texas A&M Agrilife Research 1,608 308 84 - 392 448 TRS001 The Royal Society 359 88 - 18 71 209 TRS002 The Royal Society 359 94 4 - 97 258 TRS003 The Royal Society 12 - 0 - - (0) 0 TTU001 Texas Tech University 8 - 8 - 8 - TUN001 The University of Nairobi 28 2 - 2 - 25 TUN002 The University of Nairobi 26 - 22 22 - - (2) UCM001 Universidad Complutense De Madrid 340 68 24 - 91 123 UCN001 University of Copenhagen 43 - - - - - UCN002 University of Copenhagen 45 - 10 10 - 20 (11) UEA001 University of East Anglia 470 131 - - 131 136 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 83 UNP001 UNEP-United Nations Environment Programme 60 - - - - 60 UNP002 UNEP-United Nations Environment Programme 95 80 15 - 95 - United Nations Entity for UNW001 Gender Equality and the 30 7 - - 7 23 Empowerment of Women UOB001 University of Bonn 34 7 - 7 - 14 UOC004 University Of Cornell 85 - - - - 85 UOE006 University of Edinburgh 8,127 603 207 - 810 1,311 UOE007 University of Edinburgh 170 4 - 4 - - UOE008 University of Edinburgh 418 1 206 - 207 89 UOE009 University of Edinburgh 46 - - - - 46 UOE010 University of Edinburgh 25 10 8 - 17 16 UOE011 University of Edinburgh 1,513 207 - 36 171 - UOE012 University of Edinburgh 6,770 1,184 - 1,062 122 - UOF001 University of Florida 1,316 - - - - (8) UOF002 University of Florida 1,089 - - - - 10 UOF004 University of Florida 775 - 12 12 - 24 103 UOF005 University of Florida 150 - 7 7 - 14 0 UOF006 University of Florida 840 - 47 210 - 257 174 UOF007 University of Florida 555 - 80 236 - 316 194 UOF008 University of Florida 87 - - - - 72 UOF009 University of Florida 1,200 123 74 - 198 99 UOF010 University of Florida 749 - 70 - 70 - UOF011 University of Florida 633 - 28 - 28 - UOH001 University of Helsinki 1,905 493 - 79 414 50 UOL001 University of Liverpool 1,583 154 - 154 - 0 UOL002 University of Liverpool 1,576 336 - 18 318 374 BBSRC-Biotechnology and UOL003 Biological Sciences Research 22 - - - - - Council UOL004 University of Liverpool 653 179 243 - 421 196 UON002 University of Nottingham 335 - 41 41 - - 72 UOQ001 University of Queensland 19 14 - 14 - - UOR001 University of Rwanda 30 - - - - (2) UOS001 The University of Stellenbosch 1,000 1,000 - 274 725 0 UOX001 University of Oxford 653 - - - - 37 UPP001 Uppsala University 262 12 - - 12 38 USA - USAID-United States USA088 Agency for International 1,225 149 47 - 196 209 Development USD020 USDA-United States Department of Agriculture 100 - 1 - 1 - USD021 USDA-United States Department of Agriculture 254 - 0 - 0 - UTA001 University of Texas at Austin 120 68 11 - 78 33 UWC001 University of the Western Cape 30 - - - - 30 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 84 For the year ended 31 December 2022 UWS001 University of Washington State 15 - - - - 15 UWS002 University of Washington State 23 23 - 21 2 - VSF001 VSF-Veterinaires Sans Frontieres 146 - - - - - VSF002 VSF-Veterinaires Sans Frontieres 824 470 - 297 174 63 VYS001 Vysnova Partners, Inc 83 33 - 12 21 31 WAN002 Wageningen University 2,392 46 - 46 - - WAN004 Wageningen University 49 - - - - (15) WAN005 Wageningen University 76 - - - - - WAN006 Wageningen University 34 33 - 33 - 0 WAN007 Wageningen University 1,193 314 33 - 347 - WASCAL-West African Science WAS001 Service Centre on Climate 137 - 20 20 - - (1) Change and Adapted Land Use WBA032 World Bank 1,280 3 - 3 - - WBA041 World Bank 350 - - - - 65 WBA042 World Bank 50 41 - - 41 9 WBA043 World Bank 200 182 - - 182 18 WEL015 Wellcome Trust 433 12 14 - 26 118 WRI003 WRI-World Resources Institute 75 - 74 74 - - - WSU001 Washington State University 282 4 - 4 - - WSU002 Washington State University 2,000 284 274 - 558 260 WVK001 World Vision International 68 8 - 8 - - WVM001 World Vision International 88 - 48 - - (48) 76 WVS001 World Vision International 80 32 6 - 38 8 WYG001 WYG International Limited 275 - - - - - ZEF-Center for Development ZEF001 Research of the University of 30 6 - 6 - - Bonn C: RESTRICTED - BILATERAL  37,321 5,812 10,980 32,154 32,300                 Totals   89,141 10,467 26,568 73,041 88,779 International LivestoAck Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ewndead 3s1i D secpemebecr i2a02l2 85 highland bred from Israel was introduced in to Ethiopia’s Kabe Watershed (photo credit: ILRI/Zerihun Sewunet). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 86 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Exhibit II: Grant pledges and expenses for the year ended 31 December 2022 (USD’000) ILRI ref. Grant title Start End Grant Prior tal date date pledge years’ 2022 To expenses expenses expenses A: RESTRICTED WINDOW 1 / 2 - PORTFOLIO Sustainable Animal Productivity for CGL001 Livelihoods, Nutrition and Gender Jan-22 Dec-24 12,264 - 9,498 9,498 Inclusion (SAPLING) Initiative CGL002 Livestock, Climate and System Resilience (LCSR) Initiative Jan-22 Dec-24 4,200 - 3,761 3,761 Protecting Human Health through CGL003 a One Health Approach (One Health Jan-22 Dec-24 3,946 - 2,779 2,779 Initiative) CGL004 Conservation and Use of Genetic Resources (Genebanks Initiative) Jan-22 Dec-24 1,539 - 1,539 1,539 Harnessing Digital technologies for CGL005 Decision-making across Food, Land Apr-22 Dec-24 580 - 517 517 and Water Systems Initiative CGL006 NEXUS Initiative Jan-22 Dec-24 47 - 47 47 Harnessing Gender and Social Equality CGL007 for Resilience in the Agrifood Systems Apr-22 Dec-24 757 - 208 208 (HER+) Initiative CGL008 Plant Health Initiative Jan-22 Dec-24 198 - 81 81 CGL009 Sustainable Intensification of Mixed Farming Systems Initiative Apr-22 Dec-24 689 - 678 678 Resilient Cities through Sustainable CGL010 Urban and Peri-urban Agrifood Apr-22 Dec-24 661 - 263 263 Systems Initiative National Policies and Strategies CGL011 for Food, Land, and Water Systems Jan-22 Dec-24 1,105 - 458 458 Transformation Initiative Mitigation and Transformation Initiative for Greenhouse Gas CGL012 Reductions of Agrifood Systems- Jan-22 Dec-24 794 - 657 657 Related Emissions (MITIGATE+) Initiative CGL013 Foresight and Metrics for Inclusive and Sustainable Agrifood Systems Initiative Apr-22 Dec-24 180 - 119 119 Market Intelligence for More Equitable CGL014 and Impactful Genetic Innovation Jan-22 Dec-24 117 - 97 97 Initiative Ukama Ustawi (U2) Initiative: CGL015 Water Secure and Climate Resilient Agricultural Livelihoods in East and Jan-22 Dec-24 446 - 352 352 Southern Africa CGL016 Transforming Agri-Food Systems in South Asia (TAFSSA) Initiative Jan-22 Dec-24 13 - 12 12 CGL017 Gender Equity, Youth and Social Inclusion Platform Jan-21 Dec-24 4,831 - 2,205 2,205 ClimBeR Initiative: Building Systemic CGL018 Resilience against Climate Variability Jan-21 Dec-24 271 - 191 191 and Extremes SUBTOTAL A: 32,638 - 23,462 23,462 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 87 B: RESTRICTED WINDOW 1/ 2 (Non-portfolio) IDT - Strategic Advisor: Practice of CGI009 Scaling Projected Benefits and PRMF Aug-21 Dec-22 246 81 142 223 Operationalization Demand and Liquidity Coordination BVI003 to foster the Adoption for Livestock Vaccinations: An Experiment with Small Dec-20 Nov-23 365 99 159 258 - Holder Dairy Cooperatives in Kenya SUBTOTAL B: 611 180 301 481 SUBTOTAL A & B: RESTRICTED WINDOW 1 / 2 33,249 180 23,763 23,943 C: RESTRICTED - WINDOW 3 Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) ACI027 Safe Pork-Market Based Approaches to Improving the Safety of Pork in Vietnam Oct-17 Jun-23 1,568 1,091 284 1,375 A platform for testing, delivering, and ACI032 improving chickens for enhanced Oct-20 Jun-24 1,387 58 403 461 livelihood outcomes in Southeast Asia Strengthening Adaptive Capacity of Extensive Livestock Systems for Food ACI033 and Nutrition Security and Low- Oct-20 Jun-24 1,962 - 29 29 emissions Development in Eastern and Southern Africa ACIAR Subtotal 4,917 1,149 716 1,865 Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) BMG021 Moremilk: Making the most of milk Nov-16 Mar-23 4,679 3,416 641 4,057 BMG023 Urban Food Markets in Africa – incentivizing food safety Oct-18 Oct-23 3,754 1,680 947 2,627 BMG024 Preparatory Phase for Strategic CGIAR Livestock Partnership Oct-19 Nov-22 16,983 10,242 7,548 17,790 BMG026 CGIAR Livestock Partnership Oct-22 Sep-25 13,750 - 389 389 BMGF Subtotal 39,166 15,338 9,525 24,863 China CHN001 China Funding May-04 Dec-23 1,053 1,209 176 1,385 China Subtotal 1,053 1,209 176 1,385 Indian Council Of Agricultural Research (ICAR) ICA006 ILRI-ICAR Funds Phase 2 Jan-19 Dec-22 1,756 1,307 556 1,863 ICAR Subtotal 1,756 1,307 556 1,863 International Fund For Agricultural Development (IFAD) Control of the Peste des Petits IFA028 Ruminants (PPR) in Eastern and Feb-19 Mar-23 3,508 2,213 1,180 3,393 Western Africa Inclusive Red Meat Value Chains for IFA029 Women and Youth in Eastern and Dec-20 Dec-23 1,000 152 339 491 Southern Africa IFAD Subtotal 4,508 2,365 1,519 3,884 United States Agency For International Development (USAID) USA081 FtF AVCD Program Management Office Oct-15 Sep-21 38,218 38,350 - 175 38,175 USA085 Africa RISING Ethiopia Jan-16 Mar-23 9,630 7,329 1,355 8,684 USA089 Local natural resource governance for community stabilization in central Mali Jun-21 May-23 1,000 176 490 666 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 88 For the year ended 31 December 2022 USA090 FTF-Accelerating Institutional and Food Systems Development Program Oct-21 Sep-22 15,789 522 2,738 3,260 USA091 Kenya Livestock Master Plan (KLMP) Oct-21 Sep-22 940 - 227 227 USAID Subtotal 65,577 46,377 4,635 51,013 SUBTOTAL C: 116,977 67,745 17,127 84,872 D: RESTRICTED - BILATERAL African Academy of Sciences MAD-tech-AMR- Management of AAS001 animal diseases and antimicrobial use by information and communication Jun-20 May-21 272 22 0 22 technology to control AMR in East Africa. AAS Subtotal 272 22 0 22 Ayuda en accion Ethiopia AEA001 Ayuda en accion Ethiopia Nov-21 Apr-22 24 - 21 21 Ayuda en accion Ethiopia Subtotal 24 - 21 21 Awakening Association for Sustainable Development (AMEDD) AME001 Awakening Association for Sustainable Development (AMEDD) Apr-21 Dec-22 45 12 19 31 AMEDD Subtotal 45 12 19 31 African Population Health & Research Center MAD-tech-AMR- Management of APH001 animal diseases and antimicrobial use by information and communication Jun-21 Jun-23 247 34 72 106 technology to control AMR in East Africa. Selecting Efficient Farm-level APH002 Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions from a One Health Jan-22 Jan-25 292 - 39 39 perspective (SEFASI) APHRC Subtotal 539 34 111 145 India-Assam Rural Infrastructure & Agricultural Services Society ARS001 Assam Agribusiness & Rural Transformation Project (APART) Mar-18 Mar-23 1,428 596 232 828 ARIAS Subtotal 1,428 596 232 828 African Society of Laboratory Medicine(ASLM) Strengthen Genomics Surveillance for ASL001 SARS-COV-2 and other Pathogens in May-22 Jan-23 200 - 200 200 Africa ASL002 RT-qPCR-Based Sars-Cov-2 Variants of Concern (VOC) Screening in Africa May-22 Jan-23 24 - 24 24 ASLM Subtotal 224 - 224 224 BBSRC-Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Building Capacity in Third Generation BBS006 Genomics and Bioinformatics for Jan-21 Dec-21 130 99 - 5 93 Agricultural Biosciences in Africa BBSRC Subtotal 130 99 - 5 94 BMZ-German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development BMZ001 Improving Animal Health in Africa Jan-19 Dec-23 7,781 3,336 2,099 5,435 BMZ002 One Health Research, Education and Outreach Centre for Africa (OHRECA) Jan-20 Dec-25 16,673 6,925 3,831 10,756 BMZ Subtotal 24,454 10,261 5,930 16,191 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 89 Biovision Synergies of Agroforestry and Animal BVF001 Welfare to Benefit Farming Systems in Jan-20 Apr-22 100 64 6 70 Ethiopia BVF002 Silvopastoralism and Welfare of Animals in Borana (SAWA Borana) Jan-21 Apr-22 150 96 47 144 Scaling agroforestry to benefit the BVF003 welfare of animals and their owners in May-22 Dec-24 676 - 56 56 Ethiopia (SAWA-Ethiopia) Biovision Subtotal 926 160 109 269 Bioversity International (IPGRI), Italy BVI002 Long-term diffusion and impacts of Index Based Livestock Insurance Oct-19 Apr-23 315 265 24 289 Bioversity Subtotal 315 265 24 289 International Centre For Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) Climate-Smart Dairy Systems in East Africa through improved forage CIA014 and feeding strategies:Enhancing productivity and adaptive capacity Nov-17 Apr-21 420 420 - 420 while mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. CIA018 Towards climate-resilient dairy production in Southern Zambia Nov-20 Jan-23 124 39 35 74 CIA020 Accelerating Impacts of CGIAR Climate Research for Africa Jan-21 Dec-23 7,256 2,048 4,636 6,684 Improved forage grasses: Bringing CIA021 their integration into humid- to sub humid livestock production systems to Sep-21 Aug-23 110 - 40 40 scale- Grass 2 Cash @scale (phase 2) Subtotal CIAT 7,910 2,507 4,711 7,218 Community Initiative Facilitation and Assistance (CIFA) Livestock insurance for pastoral CIF001 resilience building in Moyale,Miyo and Dire districts of Borana Zone Oromia Dec-20 Dec-22 86 15 27 42 national regional state, Ethiopia CIFA Subtotal 86 15 27 42 CILSS-Comite Permanent Inter-Etats De Lutte Contre La Secheresse dans Le Sahel Characteristics and Patterns of CIL003 Consumption and Demand for Animal May-22 Apr-24 350 - 33 33 Products in West Africa CILSS Subtotal 350 - 33 33 CIMMYT-International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center CIM011 SASAA Project Oct-22 Sep-24 8,686 - 214 214 CIMMYT Subtotal 8,686 - 214 214 Columbia University To Enhance the roles that livestock COU001 play in food security and poverty Jan-22 Jun-22 30 - 12 12 alleviation in Afica and Asia Columbia University Subtotal 30 - 12 12 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 90 For the year ended 31 December 2022 ICRC-International Committee of the Red Cross CRC001 Support Implementation Of A Pilot Index-Based Livestock Insurance (IBLI) Apr-20 Dec-22 200 233 - 43 190 ICRC Subtotal 200 233 - 43 190 Australia-CSIRO-Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation CSI007 Global Burden of Animal Diseases Phase 11-A (GBADS) Sep-21 Dec-22 33 - 28 28 CSIRO Sub Agreement-BMGF: Directed CSI008 search for broad spectrum disease Aug-21 Oct-23 198 14 64 78 resistance alleles in cereals CSIRO Subtotal 231 14 92 106 CST Ethiopia CST001 Innovation for Resilience in Dasenech Jan-21 Jan-23 99 35 34 69 CST Subtotal 99 35 34 69 Colorado State University Study of host immune responses to CSU001 an inactivated and a naturally virulent Jan-20 Dec-22 275 143 122 265 African swine fever virus CSU Subtotal 275 143 122 265 CowaterSogema International Inc Supporting Pastoralism and CWI001 Agriculture in Recurrent and Jan-20 Mar-23 957 405 332 737 Protracted Crisis (SPARC) Cowater Subtotal 957 405 332 737 The Donkey Sactuary Trust Limited Mapping the issues of Indian donkey DST001 and mule population and identify the potential intervention strategies and Jan-20 Dec-22 93 39 45 84 partners DST Subtotal 93 39 45 84 Defense Threat Reduction Agency/J4C Co-infection with Rift Valley Fever Virus, Brucella spp and Coxiella DTR002 Burnetii in Humans and Animals in Sep-19 Dec-23 2,158 908 934 1,842 Kenya: Disease burden and Ecological Factors DTR Subtotal 2,158 908 934 1,842 European Community (EC) Adoption and scaling up of improved EUR020 livestock production systems in Jan-20 Dec-24 5,510 1,398 1,049 2,447 Zimbabwe EUR021 Capacitating One Health in Eastern and Southern Africa (COHESA) Dec-21 Dec-25 8,778 - 833 833 EC Subtotal 14,288 1,398 1,882 3,280 The Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Policy Analysis Network Improved diet and health data for FAN002 decision-making in Agriculture and Sep-18 Dec-22 372 243 89 332 Nutrition Actions in Africa FAN Subtotal 372 243 89 332 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 91 FAO-Food and Agriculture Organization FAO058 Generation of Knowledge to Iinform Gender-responsive COVID Action Dec-20 Dec-21 70 82 - 12 70 Conducting a Global Policy Review of the Nexus of Climate Change FAO060 and Gender & Development of a Compendium of Best Practices around Apr-21 Sep-22 96 11 86 97 Gender and Climate Change Policies & Four Thematic Notes FAO061 Food Safety Collabolation on Food Safety Curriculum Development Nov-21 May-22 22 - 22 22 Organizing an expert consultation and developing guidelines to measure FAO062 gender transformative change band a compendium of indicators in the Dec-21 Dec-22 79 - 79 79 context of FSN and Sustainable agriculture Contribute to the preparation of the Report on the Status of Rural Women FAO063 in Agriculture: Gender equality Dec-21 Dec-22 254 - 251 251 in agriculture, food security and Nutrition FAO Subtotal 521 93 426 519 Gambia-Ministry of Agriculture GAM001 Development of the Livestock Master Plan for The Gambia Mar-20 Dec-22 400 231 136 367 Gambia Subtotal 400 231 136 367 Global Alliance for Imporved Nutrition (GAIN) GAN002 EastSafe: Evidence and Action Towards Safe, Nutritious Food Aug-19 Jun-24 1,001 264 223 487 GAIN Subtotal 1,001 264 223 487 Global Alliance For Livestock Veterinary Medicines (GALVMED) GAV009 To Deliver the Gender Landscaping Component of the PREVENT Project Aug-21 Apr-22 45 17 3 20 GALVMED Subtotal 45 17 3 20 Global Center on Adaptation Climate Smart Digital Technolgies for GCA001 Agriculture and Food Security Pillar of Dec-21 Aug-22 300 - 324 324 the AAAP (PILLAR) GCA Subtotal 300 - 324 324 GIZ-Deutsche Gesellschaft Fur Technische Zusammenarbeit GIZ020 Programme for Climate-Smart Livestock Systems (PCSL) Oct-18 Sep-22 7,221 5,775 1,609 7,385 GIZ023 BMZ Intervention in Support of Global Eradication Program for PPR May-20 Mar-22 164 84 74 158 GIZ Subtotal 7,384 5,859 1,683 7,543 Republic of Burundi: Ministry of Environment, Agriculture and Livestock Projet Regional de Developpement GOB001 Agricole Integre dans les Grands-lacs Nov-20 Nov-22 2,013 1,132 881 2,013 (prdaigl) Burundi Subtotal 2,013 1,132 881 2,013 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 92 For the year ended 31 December 2022 GRET-Groupe de Recherches et d’Echanges Technologiques GRT001 Agro-ecology and Safe food System Transitions (ASSET) in Southeast Asia Jul-20 Sep-25 116 1 31 32 GRET Subtotal 116 1 31 32 Georgia State University Do no harm: Evaluating the welfare GSU001 effects of behavioral insurance Dec-20 Dec-22 74 42 31 72 interventions in Ethiopia GSU Subtotal 74 42 31 72 Heifer International HEI007 Transformational Strategies for Farm Output Risk Mitigation (TRANSFORM) Nov-21 Apr-25 300 - 53 53 Heifer International Subtotal 300 - 53 53 IAEA-International Atomic Energy Agency Developing a Laboratory Screen House IAE001 and Field Screening Protocal for Striga Dec-17 May-22 51 38 6 44 Resistance IAEA Subtotal 51 38 6 44 International Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Solutions (ICARS) Antimicrobial Suspectability Testing(AST) Centre of Excellence for IAR001 serving countries in Africa,covering Jun-21 May-23 169 - 65 65 pathogens in humans,livesock and Aquaculture ICARS Subtotal 169 - 65 65 IDRC-International Development Research Centre Phages as a One Health approach for the replacement of antibiotics, IDR020 and reduction of drug resistant Mar-19 May-23 1,457 887 345 1,232 nontyphoidal Salmonella, in poultry farms in Kenya Transforming the vaccine delivery IDR021 system for chickens and goats in Ghana: what approaches and what Mar-19 Mar-23 390 221 110 331 benefits for women? IDR022 Capacity Building on the Women’s Empowerment in Livestock Index Oct-19 Apr-22 131 88 43 132 Development of a Novel Subunit IDR023 Vaccine for Contagious Bovine Oct-19 Dec-22 316 227 135 362 Pleuropneumonia IDR024 Livestock Keeping in a Changing Climate Jan-20 Jun-23 361 185 94 279 Engineering of African Swine Fever Virus IDR025 Using Synthetic Biology to Accelerate Nov-19 May-23 1,227 819 443 1,262 Vaccine Development - Phase 2 IDRC Subtotal 3,883 2,427 1,170 3,597 International Initiative for Impact Evaluation Creating informed demand and IIE004 impacts through innovative and cost- Mar-18 Sep-22 430 259 153 412 effective extension IIE Subtotal 430 259 153 412 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 93 International Institute Of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) IIT032 TAAT Small Livestock Compact Nov-17 Nov-21 1,736 1,734 1 1,735 IITA Subtotal 1,736 1,734 1 1,735 Interchurch Medical Assistance,Inc. IMA001 Animal Inclusive Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) in Mali Nov-20 Feb-23 96 42 26 68 IMA Subtotal 96 42 26 68 Innovations for Poverty Action Dimensions of Conflict in Pastoral East IPA001 Africa -Livestock Insurance and its Sep-21 Nov-22 48 2 44 46 Conflict-Mitigating Potential IPA Subtotal 48 2 44 46 Islamic Relief ISR001 Feasibility study in Hargele, Woreda, of Afder Zone, Somali Region of Ethiopia Jun-22 Nov-24 135 - 7 7 Islamic Relief Subtotal 135 - 7 7 International Veterinary Vaccinology Network (IVVN) New antigen identification in the IVN001 African Swine Fever Virus genome Feb-19 Apr-22 127 91 35 126 through a plasmid DNA library (ASFV) Identification of virulence factors as IVN002 novel vaccine targets for CBPP, by Mar-20 May-22 105 42 77 119 whole genome saturated mutagenesis Surveying Salmonella antigens for use in a bacteriophage-based IVN003 vaccine enabling homologous Dec-20 May-22 49 15 49 64 and heterologous protection and colonization-inhibition effect in poultry IVN Subtotal 281 148 161 309 John Innes Centre Unlocking the Potential of Grasspea JIC001 for Resilient Agriculture in Drought- Jul-18 Jun-22 277 185 69 254 prone Environments (UPGRADE) JIC Subtotal 277 185 69 254 Royal Tropical Institute (KIT) KIT001 Feed and Forage - Seed Systems Development Mar-19 Nov-22 383 226 110 336 KIT Subtotal 383 226 110 336 Rural Development Administration - Korea Mechanism for genome, gut- KOR021 microbiome and disease resistance in Jan-19 Jun-22 90 64 36 100 African chicken Analysis of African swine fever virus KOR024 spread model and immune response Dec-21 Dec-24 450 2 111 113 to warthog against viral infection KOR025 The Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs of the Republic of Korea Oct-22 Dec-25 2,753 - 31 31 Korea Subtotal 3,293 66 178 244 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 94 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Lancaster University Restoring African Degraded LAN001 Landscapes With Biodiversity and Apr-19 Mar-22 395 359 35 394 Livestock Management Restoring African degraded landscapes LAN002 with plant biodiversity and livestock Oct-20 Mar-22 20 4 - 4 - 0 management LAN Subtotal 415 363 31 394 London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine LSH001 The Urban Food Futures Project Jan-19 Dec-23 199 199 23 222 LSH002 GCRF Action Against Stunting Hub Feb-19 Feb-24 893 74 104 178 LSH Subtotal 1,092 273 127 400 Global Crop Diversity Trust LTG001 Long-term funding of ex situ collections of germplasm Jan-11 Dec-22 3,201 3,290 106 3,395 GCDT Subtotal 3,201 3,290 106 3,395 Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Irrigation MAL003 Kenya Climate Smart Agriculture Project (KCSAP) Jun-22 Apr-23 386 - 195 195 MAL Subtotal 386 - 195 195 McKnight Foundation Improved survey approaches for MCK003 the CCRP in the Andes, Phase II: performing integral indicator Feb-21 Mar-23 75 6 46 53 assessments. McKnight Subtotal 75 6 46 53 Ministry of Finance and Economic Cooperation MFE001 Health of Ethiopian Animals for Rural Development (HEARD) Jan-19 Dec-23 4,750 1,792 801 2,593 MFE Subtotal 4,750 1,792 801 2,593 Euroconsult Mott MacDonald MML001 Fleming Fund Fellowship Grant Nov-19 Jan-22 343 182 22 204 MML002 Fleming Fund Fellowship Grant -Bangladesh Jun-20 Jul-22 1,026 306 354 659 MML003 Fleming Fund Policy Fellowship Grant -Bangladesh Jan-21 Nov-22 51 1 17 18 MML004 The Fleming Fund Country Grant 1A for Kenya (FF121) May-22 May-23 1,960 - 587 587 MML005 The Fleming Fund Zambia Policy Fellowships (FF104-510) Jun-21 Feb-23 92 - 19 19 MML006 The Fleming Fund Ghana Policy Fellowships (FF116-523) Jun-21 Feb-23 66 - 10 10 MML Subtotal 3,538 489 1,009 1,498 Guinea-Ministry of Agriculture Feasibility study of a ruminant MOA002 livestock value chain development Sep-21 Mar-23 494 33 228 261 project in Guinea MOA-Guinea Subtotal 494 33 228 261 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 95 New Mexico State University MSU001 Integration of NMSU range monitoring tools into established IBLI systems Oct-20 Sep-23 20 - 7 7 NMSU Subtotal 20 - 7 7 NAS-National Academy of Sciences, USA Application of partitioned woody and herbaceous forage estimates in NAS001 Index-based livestock insurance, a Jan-20 Dec-22 80 40 12 52 better alternative to NDVI as a proxy for forage index NAS Subtotal 80 40 12 52 National Corporation for Development - Uruguay NCD001 Consulting agreement with INAC Apr-19 Dec-22 82 99 -19 80 NCD Subtotal 82 99 -19 80 National University Of Ireland, Galway LEG4DEV - Legume-based agroecological intensification of maize NUR001 and cassava cropping systems in Sub Saharan Africa for water-food-energy Jan-22 Dec-26 1,155 - 103 103 nexus sustainability, nutritional security & livelihood NUR Subtotal 1,155 - 103 103 Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) Women in Business: Chicken seed NWO001 dissemination in Ethiopia and Sep-18 Sep-22 1,120 998 157 1,155 Tanzania NWO003 From Climate change to conflict: Mitigation through Insurance Mar-22 Mar-27 95 - 22 22 NWO Subtotal 1,215 998 179 1,177 ODI-Overseas Development Institute Multiyear longitudinal research evaluation accompany save the children’s program on supporting ODI003 women and Girls in Ethiopia’s lowland Sep-21 May-22 21 - 22 22 to realise their right and live healthy and productive lives free from violence and abuse “under Irish AID ODI Subtotal 21 - 22 22 Oxford Policy Management Limited OPM001 Data and Evidence to end Extreme Poverty Oct-21 Apr-23 126 - 39 39 OPM Subtotal 126 - 39 39 The Ohio State University The Assessment and Management of Risk from Non-Typhoidal Salmonella OSU001 and Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli Nov-18 Oct-23 242 126 56 182 in Raw Dairy and Beef in Ethiopia (TARTARE) OSU Subtotal 242 126 56 182 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 96 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Rwanda-RAB-Rwanda Agricultural Board RDD001 Rwanda Dairy Development Project Jan-19 Dec-21 273 287 - 3 284 RAB Subtotal 273 287 - 3 284 Research Triangle Institute RTI001 Kenya Feed the Future Crops and Dairy Markets Systems Development Activity Oct-17 Sep-22 902 762 103 865 RTI Subtotal 902 762 103 865 The Regents of The University Of California Digitally-enabled Asset Insurance RUC008 to Secure the Graduation and Empowerment of Women in Pastoralist Aug-21 Oct-22 172 5 166 171 Communities RUC Subtotal 172 5 166 171 Samagra Development Associates Private Limited SDA001 Odisha Livestock Master Plan Oct-20 May-22 401 214 186 400 Samagra Subtotal 401 214 186 400 Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation Food Based Dietary Guidelines for SDC001 Pastoralist Communities a Case Study Jan-21 Dec-21 100 47 33 80 from Ethiopia SDC Subtotal 100 47 33 80 SFSA-Syngenta Foundation for Sustainable Agriculture Feasibility study with Dry- Run and SFS001 a Pilot for index- based livestock Nov-20 Oct-22 150 28 13 41 Insurance for pastoralists in Sudan SFSA Subtotal 150 28 13 41 Swedish International Development Cooperation (SIDA) BecA ILRI hub and SIDA partnership for SID006 agricultural research and biosciences Jul-17 Jun-23 6,044 4,771 839 5,610 capacity building SIDA Subtotal 6,044 4,771 839 5,610 SNV-Netherland Development Organization SNV003 Climate Smart Agriculture East Africa Jun-18 Dec-22 2,367 1,592 535 2,127 SNV Subtotal 2,367 1,592 535 2,127 Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC) SRU002 Reducing feed costs and GHG emission in smallholder dairy cattle in SSA Aug-22 Jul-25 984 - 7 7 SRUC Subtotal 984 - 7 7 Teagasc – The Agriculture and Food Development Authority AVENA: Understanding winter- hardiness traits and photoperiod TEA001 adaptation in oats (Avena Sativa L.): a Sep-21 Aug-24 194 - 62 62 future food/feed crop for East Africa/ Ethiopia Teagasc Subtotal 194 - 62 62 Texas A&M Agrilife Research TEX014 Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Small Scale Irrigation (ILSSI) Project Dec-18 Jul-23 1,608 874 392 1,266 Texas Subtotal 1,608 874 392 1,266 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 97 The Royal Society The Future Leaders - African TRS001 Independent Research (FLAIR) May-20 Dec-22 359 331 71 402 Fellowship The Future Leaders - African TRS002 Independent Research (FLAIR) May-20 Dec-22 359 308 97 406 Fellowship Rapid mining and mobilisation of TRS003 beneficial gene alleles to improve Sep-19 Dec-21 12 0 - - wheat production in East Africa Royal Society Subtotal 730 639 168 807 Texas Tech University Developing Aedes aegypti saliva TTU001 barcodes as a risk assessment toll for Oct-21 Jul-23 8 - 8 8 Dengue outbreaks in Kenya TTU Subtotal 8 - 8 8 UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID A safe DIVA vaccine for African Swine UCM001 Fever control and eradication - Sep-19 Oct-23 340 152 91 243 (VACDIVA) UCM Subtotal 340 152 91 243 University of East Anglia UEA001 Durable Rice Blast Resistance for Sub- Saharan Africa Sep-18 Oct-22 470 328 131 459 UEA Subtotal 470 328 131 459 UNEP-United Nations Environment Programme Rangeland Resource Assessment UNP002 Across in African Continent For Improved Ecosystem Health And May-22 Dec-22 95 - 95 95 Sustainable Food System” In Global UNEP Subtotal 95 - 95 95 UN Women UNW001 UN - Women Jul-21 Jun-22 30 23 7 30 UN Women Subtotal 30 23 7 30 University Of Edinburgh Genomic tools to improve the UOE006 productivity, efficiency, resilience and health of tropical livestock owned by Oct-15 Mar-23 8,127 7,608 810 8,418 poor smallholder farmers LegumeSELECT: Science-driven UOE008 Evaluation of Legume Choice for Jul-18 Apr-22 418 210 207 417 Transformed livelihoods” project UOE010 Global Challenges Research Fund Global Impact Accelerator Apr-21 Sep-22 25 16 17 34 UOE011 Jameel Observation for Food Security Early Action Jan-22 Jul-25 1,513 - 171 171 UOE012 Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health - Phase 2 (FCDO-DF) Sep-22 Aug-27 6,770 - 122 122 UoE Subtotal 16,852 7,834 1,327 9,161 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 98 For the year ended 31 December 2022 University of Florida (UF) EQUIP-Strengthening Smallholder UOF006 Livestock Systems for the Future - Jan-18 Jun-23 840 548 162 710 Burkina Faso-UFDSP00012281 EQUIP-Strengthening Smallholder UOF007 Livestock Systems for the Future - Jan-18 Jun-23 555 354 155 509 Burkina Faso-UFDSP00012318 UOF009 Livestock Systems innovation Lab (LSIL) - Phase II Sep-20 Sep-25 1,200 99 198 297 UOF010 Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Livestock Systems Apr-22 Apr-25 749 - 70 70 POULTRY LOSSES AND ONE HEALTH UOF011 (POLOH): Reducing losses and zoonotic risks along the poultry value Apr-22 Mar-25 633 - 28 28 chain through a One Health approach UoF Subtotal 3,976 1,001 613 1,614 University of Helsinki Earth observation and environmental UOH001 sensing for climate-smart sustainable agropastoral ecosystems Dec-20 Dec-23 1,905 50 414 464 transformation in East Africa UoH Subtotal 1,905 50 414 464 University of Liverpool UOL002 One Health Regional Network for the Horn of Africa Oct-17 Mar-22 1,576 1,324 318 1,642 UOL004 Global Burden of Animal Diseases Jan-21 Dec-23 653 196 421 617 UoL Subtotal 2,229 1,520 739 2,259 The University of Stellenbosch UOS001 Accelerating genomics surveillance for COVID-19 response in Africa Jun-21 Mar-23 1,000 0 725 725 UoS Subtotal 1,000 0 725 725 Uppsala University UPP001 Metropolitan Mosquito and SEA Rabies Project Jan-18 Apr-22 262 165 12 177 Uppsala University Subtotal 262 165 12 177 United States Agency For International Development (USAID) Operational Research to Improve USA088 Policies and Practices on the Use of the Rift Valley Fever Vaccinations in Sep-19 Dec-23 1,225 429 196 625 East Africa USAID Subtotal 1,225 429 196 625 USDA-United States Department of Agriculture Investigation of Arboviral Infection USD020 Rates and Blood Meal Sources of Various Mosquito Species in Rift Valley Sep-22 Aug-24 100 - 1 1 Fever Endemic Areas in Kenya Generation of a Transposon Mutant USD021 Library of Mycoplasma Mycoides Sep-22 Aug-23 254 - 0 0 Subspecies Mycoides USDA Subtotal 354 - 1 1 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 99 University of Texas at Austin UTA001 Validating the Women’s Empowerment in Nutrition Index in East Africa Jun-21 Dec-22 120 33 78 111 UoTA Subtotal 120 33 78 111 University of Washington State UWS002 Field study Agreement May-22 Nov-22 23 - 2 2 UoWS Subtotal 23 - 2 2 VSF-Veterinaires Sans Frontieres VSF002 One Health units for Humans, Environment, Animals & Livelihoods Jan-19 Oct-24 824 63 174 237 VSF Subtotal 824 63 174 237 Vysnova Partners, Inc VYS001 South Aisa BioSurveillance & Epidemiology Research II (Saber II) Apr-19 Oct-22 83 50 21 71 Vysnova Subtotal 83 50 21 71 Wageningen University Land, Soil, and Crop Information WAN007 Services to support Climate Smart Jan-22 Dec-26 1,193 - 347 347 Agriculture (LSC-IS) WAN Subtotal 1,193 - 347 347 World Bank WBA042 IBDRFI solutions to support HOA DRIVE project (P176517) preparation. Sep-21 Mar-22 50 9 41 50 Horn of Africa DRIVE Project: Pastoral WBA043 groups surveys to assess suitability of Oct-21 Jun-22 200 18 182 200 financial protection schemes. World Bank Subtotal 250 27 223 250 Wellcome Trust Afrique one - African Science WEL015 Partnership for Intervention Research Jul-16 Jun-22 433 380 26 406 Excellence (Afrique one-ASPIRE) Wellcome Trust Subtotal 433 380 26 406 Washington State University Feed the Future Innovation Lab WSU002 For Animal Health (Animal Health Aug-20 Aug-25 2,000 262 558 820 Innovation Lab) WSU Subtotal 2,000 262 558 820 World Vision International WVM001 Tanintharyi Region Rural Income and Livelihoods Development Oct-17 Sep-21 88 136 - 48 88 WVS001 Index Based Livestock Insurance Jun-20 Mar-23 80 8 38 46 WVI Subtotal 168 144 - 10 134 SUBTOTAL D: 151,689 59,344 32,151 91,495 GRAND TOTAL 301,915 127,269 73,041 200,310 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 100 For the year ended 31 December 2022 A Samburu boy and girl (L-R) with their herd of cattle 5 kms to the west of Oldonyiro town in Isiolo County, Kenya (photo credit: ILRI Livestock CRP/ Kabir Dhanji). International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 101 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 102 For the year ended 31 December 2022 Exhibit III: Detailed statement of activities for the year ended 31 December 2022 (USD’000) 2022 2021 Operating Unrestricted Restricted Total Unrestricted Restricted Total Revenue       Window 1&2 - 23,764 23,764 40,204 40,204 Window 3 - 17,123 17,123 16,275 16,275 Bilateral - 32,154 32,154 32,300 32,300 Total grant revenue - 73,041 73,041 - 88,779 88,779 Other revenue and gains 8,097 - 8,097 6,152 6,152 Total revenue 8,097 73,041 81,138 6,152 88,779 94,931 Expenses       Research expenses 561 54,719 55,280 106 58,852 58,958 CGIAR Collaboration expenses - 2,208 2,208 - 13,867 13,867 Non CGIAR collaboration expenses - 6,757 6,757 - 6,766 6,766 General administrative expenses 1,071 9,357 10,428 1,719 9,294 11,013 Other expenses and losses 18   18 2,773 2,773 Total expenses and losses 1,650 73,041 74,691 4,598 88,779 93,377 Operating surplus /(deficit) 6,447 - 6,447 1,554 - 1,554 Non-Operating activities       Financial income 2,545 - 2,545 1,946 - 1,946 Gain on sale of assets 40   40 - Other non-operating income 285   285 - Total non-operating income 2,870 - 2,870 1,946 - 1,946 Financial expenses 1,869   1,869 1,104 1,104 Loss on sale of assets - - - - - - Other non-operating expenses 6,699   6,699 - Total non-operating expenses 8,568 - 8,568 1,104 - 1,104 Non-operating surplus (deficit) (5,697) - (5,697) 842 - 842 Surplus (deficit) for the year 749 - 749 2,396 - 2,396 OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME       Unrealized gain/(loss)- Hedging activities     - - Exchange differences on translation or foreign 76   76 71 71 operations Subtotal other comprehensive income     - - Total comprehensive surplus/ deficit for the year     825     2,467 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) For the year ended 31 December 2022 103 Exhibit IV: Detailed statement of financial position for the year ended 31 December 2022 (USD ’000)   Notes Consolidated 2022 Consolidated 2021 ASSETS   Current assets   Cash and cash equivalents 5 42,760 48,829 Short-term investments 6 5,872 - Accounts receivable   Donors 7 9,620 17,968 Advances to partners 7 3,636 4,915 Other CGIAR centres 7 104 2,111 Employees 7 794 761 Others 7 6,232 3,562 Inventories - Net 9 358 413 Prepaid expenses 8 710 1,360 Total current assets 70,086 79,919 Non-current assets   Prepaid operating lease - - Property and equipment - net 10 21,581 21,766 Long-term investments - - Biological assets 1,936 2,151 Intangible assets - - Other non-current assets - - Total non-current assets 23,517 23,917 TOTAL ASSETS 93,603 103,836 LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS   Current liabilities   Accounts payable   Donors 12 26,568 33,162 Advances to partners 12 1,202 5,792 Other CGIAR centres 12 1,680 2,179 Employees 12 1,524 1,922 Others 12 15,766 14,705 Provisions 13 443 565 Accruals 14 860 1,122 Total current liabilities 48,042 59,447 Non-current liabilities   Account payables - employees 15 6,642 6,295 TOTAL LIABILITIES 54,703 65,742 Net assets   Undesignated 14,090 13,157 Designated 24,829 24,937 Total unrestricted net assets 38,919 38,094 Temporary net assets- Other comprehensive income - - IFRS conversion - - Restricted Net assets - - Total net assets 38,919 38,094 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS 93,603 103,836 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 104 For the year ended 31 December 2022 A chick hides in its mother’s feathers in a household in Morrumbala, Mozambique (photo credit: ILRI/Stevie Mann). 2022 Financial statements ISBN 92–9146–778–2 The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) works to improve food and nutrition security and reduce poverty in developing countries through research for efficient, safe and sustainable use of livestock. Co-hosted by Kenya and Ethiopia, it has regional or country offices and projects in East, South and Southern Asia as well as Central, East, Southern and West Africa. ilri.org. CGIAR is a global research partnership for a food-secure future. Its science is carried out by 15 research centres in close collaboration with hundreds of partners across the globe. cgiar.org