TSBF Institute of CIAT INTEGRATED SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT IN THE TROPICS Annual Report 2007 Executive Summary Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) Apartado Aéreo 6713 Cali, Colombia South America TSBF Institute: Integrated Soil Fertility Management in the Tropics Contact address: Nteranya Sanginga Director, Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF) Institute of CIAT ICRAF Campus P O Box 30677-00100 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: + 254 (20) 524766 or 524755 Fax: + 254 (20) 524764 or 524763 E-mail: tsbfinfo@cgiar.org Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF) Institute: Integrated Soil Fertility Management in the Tropics. 2007. Annual Report 2007. Executive Summary, Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, Colombia, 44 p. i ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND PROJECT LOGFRAME AS IN CIAT-MTP (2007-2009) .................................1 2. CIAT PROJECT PE-2: TROPICAL SOIL BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY (TSBF) INSTITUTE (2007-2009) .......3 3. CGIAR OUPUT TEMPLATE: CIAT MTP 2007-2009 ............................................................................................3 4. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS 2006 ............................................................................................................................5 5. PROJECT OUTCOME..............................................................................................................................................7 6. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS.......................................................................................................................................9 7. LIST OF PROPOSALS FUNDED............................................................................................................................9 8. PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED AND THEIR SOLUTION.....................................................................................9 9. STAFF LIST............................................................................................................................................................13 10. SUMMARY OF 2007 BUDGET ..........................................................................................................................14 11. ANNEX-1: LIST OF PUBLICATIONS................................................................................................................15 12. ANNEX 2: LIST OF PROPOSALS FUNDED.....................................................................................................31 13. ANNEX 3: LIST OF STUDENTS 2007 ...............................................................................................................37 1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND PROJECT LOGFRAME AS IN CIAT-MTP (2007-2009) CIAT PROJECT PE-2: TROPICAL SOIL BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY (TSBF) INSTITUTE Project Description Goal: To strengthen national and international capacity to manage tropical ecosystems sustainably for human well-being, with a particular focus on soil, biodiversity and primary production; to reduce hunger and poverty in the tropical areas of Africa and Latin America through scientific research leading to new technology and knowledge; and to ensure environmental sustainability through research on the biology and fertility of tropical soils, targeted interventions, building scientific capability and contributions to policy. Objective: To support the livelihoods of people reliant on agriculture by developing profitable, socially- just and resilient agricultural production systems based on Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM); to develop Sustainable Land Management (SLM) in tropical areas of Africa and Latin America through reversing land degradation; and to build the human and social capital of all TSBF- CIAT stakeholders for research and management on the sustainable use of tropical soils. External Conditions: Security and political stability does not restrict access to target sites and continuation of on-going activities. Important Assumptions: Poverty reduction strategies remain central to human development support and funding. TSBF stakeholders remain engaged with TSBF-CIAT strategic priorities and/or TSBF management continues to adapt and innovate in response to changing priorities. Funding for research on globally-important issues continues. Target Ecoregions: East and Central African highlands (Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Rwanda, DR Congo); Southern African savannas (Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia); West African region (Burkina Faso, Niger, Cote d’Ivoire, Nigeria, Benin, Togo, Mali, Senegal, Ghana). Beneficiaries and End Users: Principally small-scale crop-livestock farmers and extension workers, NGO’s and NARES in tropical agroecosystems of sub-Saharan Africa. Collaborators: NARS: Kenyatta University, Kenya, VLIR project on food security in Central Kenya; RF soybean project; JKUAT, Kenya, RF banana project; NARO, Uganda and LZARDI, Tanzania, DfID project on striga management in the Lake Victoria Basin; NARO, Uganda, RF project on exploring soybean potential in East Africa; KARI, Kenya, DfID project on striga management in the Lake Victoria Basin; University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, NSF project on soil aggregation; Soil Research Institute, Ghana, NSF project on soil aggregation; INERA, D R Congo, ISAR, Rwanda, DGDC project on legume integration in systems in Central Africa; DGDC project on banana management in Central Africa; ISABU and IRAZ, Burundi, DGDC project on banana management in Central Africa; University of Kinshasa and University of Bukavu, D R Congo, VLIR project on cassava in D R Congo; Forest Dept of CIRAD, France, Kenyan Forestry Research Institute, Kenya, FOFIFA, Madagascar INCO DEV FOREAIM on Bridging restoration and multi-functionality in degraded forest landscape of Eastern Africa and Indian Ocean islands; INERA- DPF, Burkina Faso and Forest Dept of CIRAD, France, project CORAF/Gomme Arabique on Impact de l’inoculation par les rhizobiums sur la productivite de gommeraies plantees ou naturelles et la dynamique de facteurs lies au fonctionnement biologique des sols sous-jacents ; INERA, Burkina Faso, ISRA, Senegal, 1 FOFIFA, Madagascar, project ANR/MICROBES project on microbial observatories for the management of soil ecosystem services in the tropic; KEFRI, Kenya, Forest Dept of CIRAD, France and Grassland Research Station, Zimbabwe, project INCO DEV SAFSYS on Symbionts in agroforestry systems: what are the long- term impacts of inoculation of Calliandra calothyrsus and its intercrops; Antananarivo University, Madagascar and University of Makerere, Uganda project INCO DEV FOREAIM on Bridging restoration and multi-functionality in degraded forest landscape of Eastern Africa and Indian Ocean islands; University of Niamey, Niger and University Cheikh Anta Diop, Senegal, project CORAF/Gomme Arabique on Impact de l’inoculation par les rhizobiums sur la productivite de gommeraies plantees ou naturelles et la dynamique de facteurs lies au fonctionnement biologique des sols sous-jacents; Institut National de Recherches Agronomiques du Niger (INRAN); Niamey/Niger; Institut d’Economie Rurale (IER), Mali; ARS, Chilanga Zambia (Moses Mwale); EARO (Ethiopian Agricultural Research organization), Ethiopia; Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria; ARI Mlingano, Tanzania; Egerton University, Kenya; University of Nairobi, Nairobi (Kenya) (Rosemary Atieno); Makerere University, Kampala (Uganda) (Elizabeth K. Balirwa, Jonny Mugisha, John Baptiste, Mary Silver); Lake Basin Development Authority (Kenya) (Amos Ameya); Selian Agricultural Research Institute (Tanzania) (Sossi Kweka and Festo Ngulu); Southern Regions Research Institute, Ethiopia; AREX (Department of Agriculture Research and Extension), Zimbabwe, IIAM (Instituto Nacional de Investigacao Agronomica), Mozambique; Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique; Universidade Católica de Moçambique, Beira, Mozambique and DARS (Department of Agriculture Research Services), Malawi Advanced Research Institutes: J Six, University of California Davis, USA, NSF project on soil aggregation; R Merckx, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium, VLIR project on food security in Central Kenya; E Tollens, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium, DGDC project on legume integration in systems in Central Africa; R Swennen, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium, DGDC project on banana management in Central Africa; S Recous, INRA, France, VLIR project on food security in Central Kenya; K Giller, WUR, Netherlands, EU project on AfricaNUANCES; L Brussaard, L Stroosnijder, WUR, Netherlands, WOTRO project on soil fauna and soil aggregation; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, France, project CORAF/Gomme Arabique on Impact de l’inoculation par les rhizobiums sur la productivite de gommeraies plantees ou naturelles et la dynamique de facteurs lies au fonctionnement biologique des sols sous-jacents; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, France, Centre of Ecology and Hydrology, UK’ University of Norway, project INCO DEV FOREAIM on Bridging restoration and multi-functionality in degraded forest landscape of Eastern Africa and Indian Ocean islands; GSF-Munich, Germany and Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, France project ANR/MICROBES project on microbial observatories for the management of soil ecosystem services in the tropic; Centre of Ecology and Hydrology and, Scottish Agricultural College UK, project INCO DEV SAFSYS on Symbionts in agroforestry systems: what are the long-term impacts of inoculation of Calliandra calothyrsus and its intercrops; BIOFORSK Soil, Water and Environment, Norway; JIRCAS (Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences), Japan; Wye College, University of London (Colin Poulton); Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Atsuyuki Asami); Ishikawa Prefectural University, Japan (Hiroshi Tsujii); University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany (Roll A.E. Mueller); Universite Catholique de Louvain (Eric F. Tollens); Swedish Univ. Agric. Sci (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden (Olof Andrén). University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna Project on Linking Farmers to Markets; University of Hohenheim, Germany, University of Firenze, Florence, Italy. International Agricultural Research Centres: IITA, Uganda, RF project on ISFM for bananas; DGDC project on banana management in Central Africa; IITA, Nigeria (Alene Arega, David Chikoye, Robert Abaidoo); ICIPE and CIMMYT Kenya, DfID project on striga management in the Lake Victoria Basin; CIMMYT, Kenya, AATF project on striga management in Western Kenya; IFDC, Togo, WOTRO project 2 3 on soil fauna and soil aggregation; INIBAP, Uganda, DGDC project on banana management in Central Africa; ICRAF, Kenya, RF project on soil fertility gradients and site-specific soil fertility management; ICRISAT (Niger); Centre d’Etude Régional pour l’Amélioration de l’Adaptation à la Sécheresse (CERAAS/ISRA); West African Rice Development Authority (Patrick M. Kormawa); African Highlands Initiative, Ethiopia. International and Regional Agricultural Research Centers: CIMMYT, Kenya: Hugo de Groote, Mirjam Pulleman; CIP, Kenya: Charles Crissman; ICRAF, Kenya: Frank Place, Steve Franzel, Noordin Qureish, Bashir Jama, Richard Coe, Keith Shepherd; ICRISAT, Kenya: Ade Freeman; ICRISAT, Mali: Tabo; ICRISAT, Niger: Aboudoulaye, Abdoulaye and Mahamane; ICRISAT, Zimbabwe: John Dimes; IITA Ibadan, Nigeria- Abdou; IITA Uganda: Piet van Asten, Cliff Gold, Suleiman Okech; ILRI, Kenya: Patti Kristjanson, Steve Staal, Philip Thornton, Mario Herrero, Dannie Romney; ICIPE: Zia Khan; AATF: Mpoko Bokanga; West African Rice Development Authority – S. Oyke; International Institute for Tropical Agriculture – Alene Arega, David Chikoye, Robert Abaidoo NGOs: FIPS, Kenya, RF project on soil fertility gradients and site-specific soil fertility management; SACRED-Africa, Kenya, RF soybean project; Diobass and Food for the Hungry, D R Congo, DGDC project on legume integration in systems in Central Africa; DGDC project on banana management in Central Africa; UR2PI, Congo ,ANR/MICROBES project on microbial observatories for the management of soil ecosystem services in the tropic; Hunger Project/Burkina Faso; Groupe d’Action pour le Développement Communautaire (GADEC) ; Tambacounda / Senegal; Union des Groupements Paysans de Mekhe (UGPM/ Senegal); Projet Intrants/Niger; Groupement Nabonswendé de Tougouri / Burkina; Entente des Groupements Associés de Toubacouta (EGAT) / Senegal;Caritas-Kaolack/Senegal; AfriAfya (Caroline Nyamai-Kisia); CRS (Tom Remington); Farmers’ Own Trading Company (Tony Margetts) Africa2000 Network, UEEF, Africare (Uganda) The Private Sector: TSBF-Africa is also working with a wide array of private sector and farmers associations. Some of those involved in Kenya as an example include: Western Seed Company (Kenya)– Saleem Esmail; BIDCO OIL REFINERIES LIMITED (Kenya) – Dileswar Pradhan, Ashish Mandlik; Mukwano Group of Companies (Uganda) – Ibnul Hassan Rizvi; NUTRO MANUFACTURING EPZ LIMITED – Simon Glover; Ebubala Self-Help Group (Shianda Location of Butere Division, Kenya); Tushiauriane Self Help Group (Eluche Sub-location, Kenya); Nabongo Panga Self-Help Group (Matawa Sub-Location, Nabongo Location, Kenya); Jitolee Women Group (Lukohe sublocation, North Marama location, Butere Division, Kenya); Etako Women Group (Lukohe sublocation, North Marama location, Butere Division, Kenya); Bushe Women Group (Butere Division, Kenya); Shishebu farmers’ Group (Shianda location, Butere Division, Kenya); Mabole farmers’ field school (Shianda location, Butere Division, Kenya); Masaa Men and Women Group; Eluche Mwangaza Community Dev’t Organization (Eluche Sublocation, Mumias Division, Kenya); Uriri farmers’ cooperative society (Migori District, Kenya); Suna farmers’ cooperative society (Migori District, Kenya). AMFRI farms (Uganda), Olivine Indutries, Harare, Reapers (Pvt) Ltd, Harare Project Changes: Following the EPMR recommendations and new agricultural development in Africa TSBF-CIAT has developed a concept note on its renewed strategy:” A forward-looking CIAT-TSBF Institute: actualizing the strategic direction”. CIAT-TSBF has conceptualized its work around three outcome lines: 1) ISFM-based crop production systems for major impact zones in sub-Saharan Africa’: support the livelihoods of people reliant on agriculture by developing profitable, socially-just and resilient agricultural production systems based on ISFM; 2) Sustainable Land Management: develop sustainable land management in tropical areas through reversing land degradation. These will be described in the MTP. Project Logframe 2. CIAT PROJECT PE-2: TROPICAL SOIL BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY (TSBF) INSTITUTE (2007-2009) Outputs/Targets s r e t Output Intended Use Outcom Impac OUTPUT 1 Biophysical and socioeconomic processes understood, principles, concepts and methods developed for protecting and improving the health and fertility of soils CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, and regional consortia Principles, concepts and methods inform technology and syste Improved soil health and fertility contribute to resilient production systems m development and sustainable agriculture At least three indicato of soil health and fertility at plot, farm and rs d validating indicators of soil health and fertility uated in seven tropical countries project, researchers from NARS D nd used as s Output Targets 2007 e king in new proposals and for f soil ARS and local universities, the s landscape scales in aci soil savannas identified Land use intensity impact on BGBD eval CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, and regional consortia Scientists participating in the BGBD ARIs, CGIAR, Partners begin Links between BGB and land use management established a participating in the BGBD project and local universities, and farmers basis for developing sustainability in tropical farming system At least two indicators of soil quality used for farmer’s decision making in hillsides agroecosystem; Practical methods rapid assessment and monitoring o CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, and regional consortia CGIAR, ARI, researchers from N Partners incorporat farmer decision ma on–going activities Partners are using methods with farmer 3 Outputs/Targets Outputs Intended User Outcome Impact status NGOs, farmers, and regional consortia resource base developed Output Targets 008 nd CGIAR, ARI, Partners are working to ota and nutrient management developed to CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, Partners involved in research for development are using Output Targets 2009 en soil fertility status and y of s target rops ARS and local universities, Stakeholders in research for development focus on d o s CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS es, nd Breeders involve soil scientists in the 2 The social, gender, a livelihood constraints and priorities affecting the sustainable use of soils have been identified, characterized, and documented through case studies using innovative methods Decision tools for soil bi researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, and regional consortia overcome the identified constraints with new proposals and on-going research and disseminated stakeholders Knowledge on relationships betwe NGOs, farmers, and regional consortia CGIAR, ARI, researchers from N the decision tools the nutritional qualit bio-fortified crops i used by development partners to production of these c Sufficient knowledge on mechanisms driving NGOs, farmers, and regional consortia food quality in addition to production tolerance to drought an low soil P is available t guide breeding effort and local universiti NGOs, farmers, a regional consortia breeding program 4 Outputs/Targets Outputs Intended User Outcome Impact OUTPUT 2 Economically viable and environmentally sound soil, water, and nutrient management practices developed and tested by applying and integrating knowledge of biophysical, socio- cultural and economic processes CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, and regional consortia Technologies, systems Adapted and soil management technologies strategies \adopted and contribute to food adapted through security, income partnerships generation and health of farmers Banana, bean and cassava-based systems, with the relation between pest, diseases and ISFM as entry point, including novel cropping sequences, tested and adapted to farmer circumstances in Africa CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, and regional consortia Banana, bean and cassava-based systems and soil management strategies adopted and adapted through partnerships Output Targets 007 o farmer circumstances in acid soil savannas researchers from NARS and local universities Cereal-legume systems and soil management strategies adopted and adapted through partnerships Output Communities in at least three countries demonstrate and test direct or indirect management options that enhance locally BGBD network, CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, regional consortia, policy makers Researchers, farmers, land users and policy makers and global conservation organizations increase their awareness of the 2 Cereal-legumes and livestock systems, with nutrient use efficiency as an entry point, tested and adapted t CGIAR, ARI, 5 Outputs/Targets Outputs Intended User Outcome Impact Targets 2008 important ecosystem services using BGBD and global conservation organizations benefits of conserving and managing BGBD Local baselines and interviews show that farmers’ understanding CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, nd Scientists blend local and new scientific knowledge in the for inputs is evaluated for the most common in each I, role sly Targets 2009 Throughout the Institute project life, new questions generated in the evaluation efforts of the different target essed se and local universities, NGOs, farmers, and regional consortia of soil processes is demonstrably enhanced within community- based experimentation in at least 5 benchmark sites NGOs, farmers, a regional consortia experimental design The potential occurrence of positive interactions between organic and mineral cropping systems mandate area. CGIAR, AR researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, and regional consortia Stakeholders appreciate the complementary of both inorganic and organic inputs and use them judiciou Output outputs are addr and fed back to the evaluation activities CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS PM&E is institutionalized and used by all project partners 6 Outputs/Targets Outputs Intended User Outcome Impact OUTPUT 3 Partnerships and tools developed and capacity enhanced of all stakeholders for improving the health and fertility of soils CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, regional consortia, young professionals, policy makers Strengthened and expanded partnershi Improved ps for ISFM facilitate south-south exchan institutional capacity in aspects related to ge ISFM and SLM in of knowledge and the tropics contribute technologies to agricultural and environmental sustainability Strategy for building capacity for SLM is developed with partners NGOs, farmers, regional TSBF-CIAT scientists and partners lead globally-funded research on at least y d skills in new proposals and on-going research efforts Output Targets 007 CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, consortia, young professionals, policy makers three topics of ke relevance to the international community (as identified in GEF, MDG, MEA, CGIAR mission and goal statements) Partners incorporating new knowledge an At least three capacity building courses on ISFM held by AfNet and MIS AfNet, MIS 2 Books, web content and papers produced by partners in BGBD project both north and south in seven tropical countries CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, regional consortia, young professionals, policy makers Partners incorporating new knowledge and skills in new proposals and on-going research efforts 7 Outputs/Targets Outputs Intended User Outcome Impact Farmer-to farmer knowledge sharin extension throug g and h organized field trips and lt t two farmers, regional y efits research activities resu practices in at leas sites Researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, consortia, young professionals, polic makers Farmers realize ben of knowledge sharing 2008 e data and information on and er of proper identification pecies use d out t learning ic nces and NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, regional consortia, young ers incorporating new knowledge and skills in new proposals and on-going research efforts Output Targets Strategies for institutionalizing of participatory NRM Researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, atalyse multidisciplinary work Output Targets Web content in the BGBD websit enhanced to contain BGBD taxonomy species identification Profitable land innovations scale beyond pilo sites through strateg allia Researchers, CGIAR, ARI, local universities Increased numb biodiversity scientists use the website for and classification of soil biota to s level Partn partnerships, and application of alternative dissemination approaches. Researchers from professionals, policy makers 2009 approaches and methodologies established farmers, regional consortia, young professionals, policy makers New institutional arrangement c and enhance scaling up of technologies and best practices 8 Outputs/Targets Outputs Intended User Outcome Impact OUTPUT 4 Improved rural livelihoods through sustainable, profitable, diverse and intensive agricultural production systems CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, regional consortia, young professionals, policy makers Partners promoting Improved resilience resilient production of production systems with multiple benefits (food security, income, human health and environ systems contribute to food security, income generation mental and health of services) farmers Components of improved systems promoted by partners in acid soil savannas Crop-livestock systems CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers Farmers adopting improved system components, including crops and soil management technologies with triple benefits s in CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS Farmers are testing and adapting improved across Output Targets 2007 ed uction and ecosystems services Output oduction ple AR, ARI, researchers from NARS Market-led hypothesis is incorporated in tested and adapted to farmer circumstance hillsides and local universities, NGOs, farmers, regional consortia, young professionals, policy makers production systems in at least 15 sites five countries Strategies of BGBD management for crop yield enhancement, disease control, and other environmental services demonstrat in seven tropical countries participating in the BGBD project Improved pr systems having multi CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, regional consortia, young professionals, policy makers CGI Farmers and governments adopting BGBD technologies in crop prod benefits of food security, income, human and local universities, NGOs, farmers, regional systems experimentation; 9 Outputs/Targets Outputs Intended User Outcome Impact health and environmental services identified consortia, young professionals, policy makers Different partners linking food security, environmental sustainability and income generation to health Targets 2008 e and s are ed, partners mers in 10 countries local universities, NGOs, farmers, regional consortia, young professionals, policy nable and major stem tood nditions ndate local universities, NGOs, farmers, regional ng policy s pay more attention to the sustainability of their farming system in tivity Output Target 2009 e trade-off suited to the farmer production objectives and the environment of the actions sites ARI, researchers from NARS and local universities, NGOs, farmers, regional consortia, young professionals, policy makers f is to make appropriate choice Validated intensiv profitable system being demonstrat promoted by and adopted by far The contribution of multiple stress adapted germplasm in driving overall sy CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and makers CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and Increased sustai productivity profitability of cropping systems resilience is unders for the co occurring in all ma areas Products of th analysis are guiding the introduction and evaluation of alternative NRM options, better consortia, you professionals, makers CGIAR, Farmer addition to produc Farmers use results o trade off analys 10 Outputs/Targets Outputs Intended User Outcome Impact OUTPUT 5 Options for sustainable land management (SLM) for social profitability developed, with special emphasis on reversing land degradation CGIAR, ARI, researchers from NARS and lo versities, cal uni NGOs, farmers, regional consortia, young professionals, policy make rs Principles of Reversing land sustainable land degradation management integrated contribute to global i try policies and n coun SLM priorities and programs goals Decision tools ( EOSOIL; Decision ee) available for land e planning and CG resea and NG G r s a IA r lo O nso Local organizations u planning Output Targets 07 i polic lan SL en er ri CGIAR, ARI, r RS versities, NGOs, farmers, regional so ia, policy makers Methods of SLM are incorporated in the d r ec c e u g GIA RI, researchers from NARS and local universities, BGBD network, NGOs, farmers, regional consortia, policy makers design and evaluation of landscape research Output Targets 2008 o in A , ARI, ar ARS sities, Policy issues related to BGBD acquisition, e T u targeting production systems in acid soil vannas co ophysical, social s R, ARI, chers from NARS al universities, c s, farmers, regional rtia, policy makers sing the decision tools for land use 20 B and y niches in the dscape for targeting M technologies and hanced ecosystem vices identified and oritized resea con Methods developed for s p socio-cultural and onomic valuation of osystem services veloped and applied for trade-off and policy analys C chers from NA and local uni rt esign of landscape esearch e d is in at least in 1 h mid and 1 sub-humid roecological zones a R, A Methods of SLM are incorporated in the In at least four of the c untries participating the BGBD project, CGI rese and R chers from N ocal univerl xchange, intellectual 11 12 Outputs/Targets Intended User Outcome Impact Outputs polic inc t n O nal so ia, policy makers p y rights (IPR), b included in local, national and regional government policies y stimulated to lude matters related BGBD management, d sustainable NG con oa utilization. s, farmers, regio rt ropert enefits sharing, etc. 30 p res inc co e ARI, researchers from NARS O onal icy makers Increased productivity and conservation of degraded landscape Output Targets 2009 5 o c n ra int res de CGIAR, ARI, r RS O farmers, regional so ia, policy makers proved knowledge xchange t es and best land conservation p % of partner farmers pilot sites u CGIAR, in sed SLM o tions that arrested ource degradation and reased productivity in mparison with non- ated farms NG % of stakeholders in tr 7 target areas have an improved capacity for llective action and al policy negotiation d implementation of resea NG con and local universities, s, farmers, regi consortia, pol c lo a integrated land use p ctices using egrated agricultural earch for velopment chers from NA versities, and local uni s, rt Im sharing and e o empower stakeholder to innovate with respect to technologi ractices 3. CGIAR O UPUT TEMPLATE: CIAT MTP 2007-2009 Output Ca nOutput Target 2007 tegory Achieved & Proof of achievement (yes or o) OUTPUT 1: Biophysical and socioeconomic p understood, princ concepts develop protecting and im the health and fer soils s f d d o ti o s O KNO OTH KNO OTH KNO 4 THER KINDS OF WLEDGE ER KINDS OF WLEDGE ER KINDS OF WLEDGE YES PE-2 Annual Report 2006, pages 32- Journal Articles YES PE-2 Annual Report 2006, pages 65- YES PE-2 Annual Report 2006, pages 92-9 Journal article rocesses iples and ed for proving tility of • At least three indicators of health and fertility at plot, and landscape scales in aci soil savannas identified an savannas quantified • Land use intensity impact BGBD evaluated in seven tropical countries participa in the BGBD project • At least two indicators of s quality used for farmer’s decision making in hillside agroecosystem; oil arm n ng il 64; 91 OUTPUT 2: Economically viable environmentally sou water, and nutrient management practic developed and teste applying and integra knowledge of bioph and socioeconomic processes b di er c t, er RA RA 1 1 CTICES CTICES YES PE-2 Annual Report 2006, pages 116- Journal article YES PE-2 Annual Report 2006, pages 159- ased ng k P P and nd soil, es d by ting ysical • Banana, bean and cassava- systems, with the relation between pest, diseases and ISFM as entry point, inclu novel cropping sequences, tested and adapted to farm circumstances in Africa • Cereal-legumes and livesto systems, with nutrient use efficiency as an entry poin tested and adapted to farm circumstances in acid soil savannas 20 63 OUTPUT 3: Partnerships and too developed and capa enhanced of all stak for improving the he and fertility of soils i d f nt AP AP 1 1 ACITY ACITY YES PE-2 Annual Report 2006, pages 169- YES PE-2 Annual Report 2006, pages 188- ty ing Net ry C C ls city eholders alth • Strategy for building capac for SLM is developed with partners • At least three capacity buil courses on ISFM held by A and MIS participating cou 87 92 3 4 ou , city, 9 tput targets to be used are: Materials, Policy strategies, Practices level • Books, web content and papers produced by partners in BGBD project both north and south in seven tropical countries MATERI Capa ALS and Other kinds of knowledge. YES PE-2 Annual Report 2006, pages 193-1 8 OUTPUT 4: Improved rur through profit and intensive production sy E 16 GB al livelihoods able, diverse agricultural stems • Crop-livestock systems with triple benefits tested and adapted to farmer circumstances in hillsides • Strategies of BGBD management for crop yield enhancement, disease control, and other environmental services demonstrated in seven tropical countries participating in the BGBD project PRACTIC PRACTIC ES S YES PE-2 Annual Report 2006, pages 211-2 YES PE-2 Annual Report 2006 , page 217; B Project Report D OUTPUT 5: Options for sust management (S social profitabilit developed, with emphasis on rev degradation E E 63; 8; S S ainable land LM) for y special ersing land • Decision tools (GEOSOIL; Decision Tree) available for land use planning and targeting production systems in acid soil savannas • Biophysical, social and policy niches in the landscape for targeting SLM technologies and enhanced ecosystem services identified and prioritized PRACTIC PRACTIC Categories of YES PE-2 Annual Report 2006, pages 258-2 Book chapter YES PE-2 Annual Report 2006, page 264-26 BGBD Project Report 4. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS 2006 Genetic diversity of indigenous rhizobia nodulating six promiscuous soybean varieties in three sites in coastal Kenya Soybean is an exotic crop introduced in Kenya early this century. Promiscuous (TGx) varieties which nodulate with indigenous rhizobia have only recently been introduced. Genetic diversity of the indigenous rhizobia nodulating TGx soyabean varieties has not been reported in Kenya. Research was carried out to determine genetic diversity and phyllogeny of indigenous rhizobia strains nodulating six introduced promiscuous soybean varieties grown in three sites differing in agroecological zones and soil chemical characteristics in Coastal Kenya which had no known recorded history of soybean cultivation and rhizobial inoculation. Genetic diversity was assayed using the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region and 16S rDNA gene sequencing. PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region directly applied on 46 nodules using two enzymes (Msp I and Hae III) distinguished 8 and 9 genetic profiles respectively. The most predominant IGS groups were group A, B, C, D and E which constituted 41.3%, 17.4%, 10.9% , 10.9% and 10.9% respectively while IGS group F, G and H constituted less than 7% of all the analyzed nodules from the three sites. Some IGS groups were specific to sites and varieties. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA gene sequences showed that all strains belong to the genus Bradyrhizobium. Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Bradyrhizobium elkanii related strains were the most predominant and accounted for 41.7% and 33.3% respectively while Bradyrhizobium species. and Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense accounted for 16.7% and 8.3% respectively of all strains identified. The diversity identified in Bradyrhizobium populations from the three sites represent a valuable genetic resource that has potential utility for the selection of more competitive and effective strains to improve biological nitrogen fixation and thus increase soybean yields at low cost. Effect of farmer management strategies on spatial variability of soil fertility, crop nutrient uptake and maize fertilizer requirement in contrasting agro-ecological zones in Zimbabwe Soil fertility variability within and across farms poses a major challenge for increasing crop productivity in smallholder farming systems. A study was carried out to assess the effect of farmers’ resource management strategies on soil fertility variability and plant nutrient uptake on smallholder farms in Gokwe South (~650 mm yr-1) and Murewa (~850 mm yr-1) Districts of Zimbabwe. Farmers were grouped into: resource-endowed (RG 1), intermediate (RG 2) and resource-constrained (RG 3). In Murewa, wealthy farmers applied large amounts of manure (>10 t ha-1 yr-1) on fields closest to homesteads (homefields) and none to fields further away (outfields) and this created gradients of decreasing soil fertility with increasing distance from the homesteads. Soil available P most concentrated on homefields (8-13 mg kg-1) of wealthy farms and to 2-6 mg kg-1 on outfields and all fields on poor farms. At both sites, maize grain yields in farmers’ fields were largest on the homefields on the wealthy farms (2.7–5.0 t ha-1), but poor across all fields on the poor farms (0.3–1.9 t ha-1). Maize responded significantly to addition of N and P on homefields in Murewa and all fields in Gokwe, but responded poorly on degraded outfields in Murewa due to deficiencies Ca and Zn. Consideration of key factors driving soil fertility variability including soil type, farmer management practices and agro-ecology is required when developing fertilizer recommendations. 5 Ex-ante evaluation of the impact of a structural change in fertilizer procurement method in sub- that reduce farm gate soybean/maize rotation system was economically superior and dominated all the other systems because of its lowest variable costs and highest gross margins. At the end of the season, using an overall satisfaction score based on eight criteria, 94% of the farmers were satisfied with the soybean-maize rotation, 83% with the BNMS-manure treatment, and 29% with the SG2000 treatment. Farmers indicated manure availability as the main constraint for the BNMS-manure system; therefore, further research should focus on closed systems with crop-livestock integration in order to increase the manure availability within the farm. As many farmers were enthusiastic about the soybean-maize rotation treatment, SG2000 in partnership with the Agricultural Development Projects (ADPs) have started promoting this system alongside the SG2000 maize package to farmers in northern Nigeria Saharan Africa In June 2006, the African Heads of State made a declaration to support increase in use of fertilizers in the farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa from the present average, about 8 kg ha-1, to about 50 kg ha-1. One route to attain this goal is to engender regional joint fertilizer procurement to reduce farm gate price and increase fertilizer demand and use. A review of fertilizer use in Africa has shown that structural changes in fertilizer procurement can reduce farm gate price by 11-18%. Using an average of these figures (15%), this study compares the effect of structural changes in fertilizer market (reducing farm gate price by 15%) on total fertilizer demand, total farm income, and additional farm income with the base situation (using FAO data) under three own fertilizer price elasticity of demand scenarios (low: -0.38; medium: -1.43; and high: -2.24) for 11 sub-Saharan Africa countries. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Result shows that compared with the base level, structural change in fertilizer procurement arrangement (reducing farm gate price by 15%) led to 6% additional farm income (US$125 million) under low elasticity; 22% (US$472 million) under medium elasticity; and 34% (US$730 million) under high elasticity. Switching from one scenario to another indicates the potential to further increase farm income from 20% to 32%. The paper concludes with the support for structural interventions price of fertilizers and other inputs. Such interventions increase farmer productivity, total production, and total farm income and lead to improved livelihoods. Balanced Nutrient Management System Technologies in the Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria: Validation and Perspective Based on experimental evidence that combining mineral fertilizers with organic matter may address poor soil fertility status and result in added benefits, farmer-managed demonstration trials were initiated in 9 villages in the northern Guinea savanna (NGS) of northern Nigeria. The trials had four treatments: (i) a farmers control in which the farmer grows maize according to his usual practice, (ii) the maize technology being promoted by the NGO Sasakawa-Global2000 (SG2000), involving hybrid seeds, proper plant density and fertilizer application practice, and fertilizer application rates that are relatively high for the region (136 kg N, 20 kg P, and 37 kg K ha−1), (iii) the Balanced Nutrient Management Systems (BNMS) manure technology that follows the SG2000 package for maize, except that part of the fertilizer quantity is replaced by animal manure; and (iv) a soybean-maize rotation, again with reduced fertilizer rate to the maize. Results from the full 2-year cycle indicated that the improved systems out-yielded the farmers’ control treatment by about 1000 kg ha−1. Maize after soybean gave yields similar to those obtained with the combined application of fertilizer and manure (BNMS-manure) to maize but slightly higher than the fertilizer-only practice (SG2000). There was large variability in the quantities of manure and fertilizers applied and maize yields obtained among farmers. Over the 2-year cycle, the improved 6 5. PROJECT OUTCOME Promotion and dissemination of Integrated Pest and Soil Fertility Management Strategies to combat Striga and declining soil fertility in the Lake Victoria basin Striga hermonthica and declining soil fertility are major constraints to maize production in the Lake Victoria basin. The aim of this project, implemented by the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Institute of the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (TSBF-CIAT) and supported by the African Agricultural Technology Foundation (AATF), was to evaluate and disseminate best-bet options to alleviate Striga and declining soil fertility constraints in order to boost maize production in the Lake Victoria Basin in the western Kenya. Specific attention was given to soybean-maize rotations, imazapyr-resistant (IR)-maize, and Desmodium-maize push-pull intercrops. The expected deliverables were: (i) a set of best-bet options to alleviate Striga-related production constraints, (ii) a set of best-bet legume species/varieties for triggering suicidal Striga germination, (iii) recommendations for the best use of herbicide-coated maize, (iv) a strategy for farmers to test and disseminate best-bet options to alleviate Striga-related production constraints, (v) improved access to inputs (seeds, fertilizer) through linkages with organizations acilitating input availability,f (vi) various extension materials, and (vii) two MSc theses. trials, involving 11 farmer associations in 4 districts, it was Striga emergence, its productivity was lower than that of the H hybrid varieties in presence of fertilizer. The push-pull system substantially reduced Striga seasons. In absence of fertilizer, maize yields in the push-pull system are less an those in the mono-cropped system, likely caused by competition for water between the Desmodium ons w ai led stantial reduction in Striga emergence and increas aize grain yield while this was not true for the soybean-maize rotation. e, however, t production of g ains for food or sale is certainly going to result in better atter treatment. Strig mergence reduced substantially between season 1 and treatments, indicating that consistent uprooting Striga seedlings before flowering can ease its seed-bank. Both male and female farm appreciated the Striga tolerant properties its productivity. Fertilizer application was also appreciated, even in terms of better maize growth after fertilizer appli n, even in presence of seasons of 2006 and 2007, large-scale farmer-lead eval s of IR-maize relative locally used maize varieties were conducted. Farmer-managed evaluation during the LR 2006 season ith involvement of about 1,000 farmers revealed that in IR maize resulted in less Striga germination in Vihiga).This resulted in improved maize yields of IR iled farmer-managed evaluation of IR maize relative volvement of about 3,200 farmers revealed that in IR ber of 9 agronomic traits but was negatively ranked for sty Ugali, high labor requirement, high input requirement, careful farm management, high management demonstration trials, field school activities, cross-site visits, and field days were rganised to enhance farmer capacity. A total of 732 people attended the various field days, belonging to and local and international research organisations. In the context aluation activities, 1,000 farmers were involved during the long rainy season of 2006 nd 3,200 during the long rainy season of 2007. The distribution of IR maize seeds was accompanied by a aterials. Two MSc projects have been completed in the context of the roject. In order to facilitate access to inputs, links with Western Seed and Leldet Seed companies have and through partner ts in affordable quantities at affordable rates, have also been established. In a set of multilocational demonstration observed that, although IR-maize reduced W emergence but only after 2 th and maize during seas ith erratic rainfall. e in m Mucuna-m ze rotations to a sub In the latter cas he r economic returns in the l a e season 4 in all gradually decr ers of the IR-maize but less Striga tolerance, probably du o Striga. e t catio During the long rainy uation to w the four districts considered (Bondo, Busia, Siaya, aize only in Bondo and Siaya districts. More detam to local maize during the LR 2007 season with in maize scored better than local maize across a num ta cost, and ease of sell based on color. In relation to the o various farmer associations, local NGOs, of the IR-maize ev a number of technical extension m p been established through our own project for the dual purpose soybean varieties stitutes for the Desmodium and IR maize seeds. Links with Farm Input Promotions (FIPS) Africa, a in NGO promoting external inpu 7 Economic Evaluation of the Contribution of Below Ground Biodiversity: Case Study of Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Rhizobia Although it is common knowledge that soil microorganisms form an important constituent of below ground biodiversity and provide ecosystem services, such knowledge does not often lead to formulation of policies to conserve and manage these soil microorganisms, or to strategies that lead to explicit use of these resources. Applying the knowledge gained from several experimental stations and from on-farm research [supplemented with necessary assumptions on FAO-sourced secondary data on soybean (Glycine Max) from 19 countries in Africa], this study attempts to increase the awareness on the importance of these microorganisms by quantifying the economic value of nitrogen fixation of legume nodulating bacteria (LNB) associated with promiscuous soybean. Computation of economic value (of nitrogen fixation) was based on the method of cost replacement or cost savings in terms of mineral nitrogen fertilizer that would have been required to attain the same level of nitrogen fixed biologically. Result hows that the economic value of the nitrogen-fixing attris bute of soybean in Africa, especially the ually amounts to about US$200 million across the 19 countries. The study y be obtained within an enabling context, where ions, and good policy are promiscuous varieties, ann concludes with recommendations on various ways of increasing the chances of smallholder farmers benefiting from the nitrogen-fixing attribute of LNB, especially since many of them cannot afford adequate quantities of inorganic fertilizers required for increased crop productivity. Investment options for adoption of Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM) CIAT-TSBF was involved as a learning partner and played an important role in developing the Soil Health strategy of the Alliance for a Green revolution (AGRA) funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.., and in suggesting different investment scenarios and especially those based on ISFM principles and practices. This report provides a strategy to better manage soil fertility and sustain crop productivity through Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM) in Africa. These goals will be achieved through the increase in fertilizer agronomic efficiency (AE) as its use grows from an average of 8 to 50 kg nutrients ha-1, as recommended by the technical committee of the African Fertilizer Summit (AFS), recently held in Abuja, Nigeria. We define ISFM as ‘The application of soil fertility management practices, and the knowledge to adapt these to local conditions, which optimize fertilizer and organic resource use efficiency and crop productivity. These practices necessarily include appropriate fertilizer and organic input management in combination with the utilization of improved germplasm.’ Maximum benefits from ISFM practices and technologies can onl uch factors as viable farm input supply and produce markets, functional instituts in place. Dissemination of successful ISFM case studies such as micro-dosing of fertilizers or crop rotation and intercropping of legumes with cereals, will lead to more sustainable and profitable agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. ISFM strategies must be targeted to different agro-ecological zones (AEZs) where their use will affect the maximum number of Africa’s farming households. 8 Two investment options are suggested that can result in large-scale impact in a relatively short time: (1) Disseminate ISFM in dry-lands in Sahelian West-Africa and (2) Enhance fertilizer use through cereal- legume intercropping and rotations in moist-savannas of West, East and Southern Africa. Three investments options are suggested in which ISFM can create substantial impact through initial pilot projects: (3) Establish ISFM guidelines for cassava in humid lowland areas of West and Central Africa, (4) Develop ISFM practices for ‘New Rice for Africa’ (NERICA) upland rice in West and Central Africa, and (5) Integrate ISFM principles into conservation agriculture (CA) in cereal croplands of West, East, and Southern Africa. Two final investment options are required for backstopping the above: (6) Operationalize country-level projects designed to advance ISFM, and (7) Establish a Centre of Excellence for ISFM in Africa. Total funding required for the 7 investment options for 11 countries is estimated at $152 million for an initial period of 5 years. Investment in options 1 through 5 would directly empower 45,000 households (or approximately 3.8 million persons) to produce an additional 321,000 tons of million per year. By year 2 the average benefit: cost ratio is 9.8. Similar 5 additional food worth about $52 improvement could be expected through year 5 as the number of cumulative participating households’ increases to 10.4 million. 6. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS ist of publications 2007 L Type of publications Published in 2007 In press In review Total TSBF-Africa: Refereed journal articles ook chapters 29 7 7 43 38 4 42 1 2 B Books edited 1 Conference proceedings 18 18 Oral and poster presentations 53 53 Total 139 12 7 158 Please see Annex-1 for the full list of publications. 7. LIST OF PROPOSALS FUNDED 7.1 New proposals approved in 2007: SBF-Africa: 6 T 7.2 On-going special projects in 2007: TSBF-Africa: 32 Please see Annex-2 for the lists. 8. PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED AND THEIR SOLUTION RESEARCH RELATED 9 A strategic plan “from knowledge to implementation (2005-2010)” guides CIAT- TSBF’s research f development agenda. The staff and its partners are dedica or ted to generating scientific knowledge on soil t ull le research and development, as described below, to achieve the productivity nd income gains from soil fertility improvement for Africa’s smallholder farmers. This platform will ackstop all capacity building activities and drive the generation of new knowledge and approaches to isseminate ISFM practices in a cost-effective manner. IAT-TSBF and the Soil health initiative of the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) he Bill and Melinda Gates and Rockefeller Foundations have invested about 200 million USD for five ears in Soil Health Program of AGRA this September 2007. This program will be implemented by GRA and its partners from January 2008 onwards. CIAT-TSBF was involved as a learning partner and layed an important role in developing the Soil Health strategy, and in suggesting different investment cenarios and especially those based on ISFM principles and practices. In this strategy, we will contribute the following investments: (i) ISFM research in cassava, NERICA and conservation agriculture in aize, (ii) building capability of national partners to adapt soil management and fertilizer use practices, ii) initiating large-scale adoption of proven soil management and fertilizer use practices by conducting rge-scale demonstrations in fertilizer micro-dosing in cereal-legume intercropping and rotation systems, v) strengthening a pan-African network of scientists and agronomists that conducts collaborative search and dissemination of technologies developed,, and (v) supporting the development of a digital oil map of Africa. Work in these investments will be linked to some other AGRA initiatives such as the rogram on Agricultural Seed Systems (PASS), Water, Market and Extension. IAT-TSBF: a platform for ISFM research for development in Africa eviews of the CGIAR centers in SSA and the views of its national partners point to the need to build capacity in soil fertility research and for consolidation of the efforts of the CG centers located or working biological processes and Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM), translating this knowledge into practical soil and land-management strategies and empowering farmers through participatory technology development and adaptation. CIAT-TSBF also recognizes that maximum benefits from ISFM practices and technologies can only be obtained within an enabling context, where factors such as viable farm inpu supply and produce markets, functional institutions, and good policy are in place. The Institute makes f use of, and contributes to, the knowledge base from research for development challenges of the “Peop and Agroecosystems” and “Sharing the Benefits of Agrobiodiversity” within CIAT and within and outside other CGIAR centers. Of particular interest to TSBF-CIAT are beans, forages and cassava outcome lines. Every three years we monitor our achievements and reflect on how to adapt these to future nges and opporchalle tunities. Our contribution to the mission of CIAT has been rated as excellent by the External Management and Program Review (EMPR) in 2007. CIAT – TSBF tomorrow CIAT and the other CGIAR centers need a proactively supported TSBF Institute that is closely linked to the needs of the poor rural farmers .The Institute will continue to embrace ISFM as an inclusive framework to maximize farmers’ net returns from agriculture and environmental sustainability. This implies a new approach grounded in inter-disciplinary thinking, encompassing a range of spatial scales and interactions with a wide range of stakeholders. We will invest in scaling up current successful ISFM technologies and practices to prove impact in the intensification zones in the Sahelian drylands, the humid zones and the moist and dry savanna agro-ecological zones of Africa. We will strengthen the capacities of African countries to implement ISFM as a component of their rural development agendas. To promote increased knowledge on ISFM, we propose the creation of national institutions where education (teaching) is strongly linked to research and extension. Linkages with advanced research institutes will be indispensable to ensure inclusion of state-of-the-art methods and approaches. We will establish international networks with a critical mass of expertise to provide a key foundation for upgrading both the physical and human capacity for soil science research in Africa. CIAT-TSBF will build a platform or a Center of Excellence for ISFM a b d C T y A p s to m (i la (i re s P C R 10 in Africa. We will fos advanced research ins ter innovative partnerships by playing catalytic and brokerage roles between ARIs titutions both private and public), national agricultural research systems (including niversities), and the private sector. To generate and deliver science, technologies and knowledge for he above outcome and impa th relevant as a platform or the uch as IITA than developing its ow e African Network for T mobilize about 400 sc ssemination of results, and consortia, nt of a (CIAL nters f the Institu ca could ugh gl d sity orld funded space are still in s inuously increasing ed for rhizobia and myc rnationally recruited staff (IRS) and associates and y ed in two hubs: Ea obi, a with an office in Harare, Zimbab out . The Ins 03 to ov 6. ll be at an a ct an 10 that is almo center. anging donor preference, our core funding has progressively e ut 4% only n restricted level of flexibilit ead and Indirect Costs place, our financial stability is threatened by: on grant funds: The overhead margin has similarly diminished to an average of 6%, a total of US$ 272,576 in 2006. Several projects / donors have expressly disallowed institutional overheads. Increase of overheads charged by ICRAF and CIMMYT on sub-contracted services: Our present institutional circumstances have made it unavoidable to do most local business in the legal image of ICRAF (in Kenya) and CIMMYT (in Zimbabwe) at an overhead rate ranging from 13 - 18%. This percentage is set to increase to 16 - 23% from January, 2007. In year 2006, we paid a total of ( u which there is demand on t ct, the Institute will position itself wi strategic partners. CIAT–TSBF will serve GIAR as a whole. Some CG centers s on Integrated Soil Fertility Management f C recognize this and have delegated soil fertility n soils programs. Different mechanisms will be research to CIAT-TSBF, rather sed, including networks, e.g. thu ropical Soil Biology and Fertility (AfNet), a pan- ientists that conduct collaborative research and African network that is able to ngage in die e.g., the Consortium for the Improveme ceAgriculture-based Livelihoods in Central Afric (IITA, Biodiversity and CIAT). CA) that is a composed of three CGIAR CIAT – TSBF beyond Africa It is conceivable that such rationalization o also be considered in other CGIAR regio te’s programmatic coordination for Afri ns thro Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiver obal initiative such as the Conservation an (BGBD) project funded by UNEP and the W Digital Soil Map project, to be SERVICES RELATED At TSBF, off-road vehicles and office f is cont hort supply at times, especially since the number The soil microbiology laboratory is establishof scientific and support staf . and still needs the basic equipment orrhizae analyses. FUNDING RELATED Financial and human resources inteIn 2007, CIAT-TSBF has 17 cruited staff (NRS).The staff is locat 34 nationall re st Africa with the main office at ICRAF Nair carriedand Southern Afric we. Work in West Africa is being through ICRISAT in Niger and IITA in Nigeria 20 titute has over the last three years grown from an 00average annual budget of US$ 1.6 million in et wi er triple that amount at US$ 4.9 million in 2 eIn the year 2007, the income and budg nnual budget of US$ 10 million in 20 ll time high of nearly 6.5 million. We proj G a st equivalent to that of a small size C moved away from an averagBecause of ch of 21–26% in 2003 to the present level of abo . The Institute thus operates for 97% o y in finances can only be exercised onproject funds which implies that a reasonable overhead funds. Management of Overh With all due diligence and prudence in • Decrease in overhead margin allowed • 11 about US$ 100,600 to ICRAF and CIMMYT. 129,000 when the proposed increases are appl This figure is projected to increase to about US$ ied. in rent of office space at ICRAF: reased rent year 2006; the projected in his cost to about US$ 42,000. • ed with CIAT HQ as our contribution to the rebuilding of CIAT derstand and appreciate th gation to make contribution towards stabilizing CIAT through contribution to reserves. Towards this end we shall share with CIAT 72,576 earned in 2006 by tu ,472). This is the effect of erage of 7.5% on new proje oard from 2006 with an average of 13% e have. Thus, this figure is up as all new projects become le. • Technical Support (R&TS) c re new charges taken on already signed ,000 USD Need of core funds to CIAT-TSBF We to CIAT’s manageme seriously consider revising the core alloc research groups accord esponse to the EPMR and the Science Coun be prudent to wait until is in place, it seems that in the interim period, CIAT is organized into three global progr RDC2 and TSBF. TSBF, being one of these During the transitional period we need additional two scientist positions paid by core (one in Africa and one in LAC), in addition to the Director. This is just about US$ 0.7 million compared to US$3.6 million and US$ 2.0 million for RDC1 and RDC2, respectively. Allocation of bridging funds for Principal Staff whose project funds are late in coming is another possibility. We have been working on major projects with AGRA and other donors and we do not have any doubt tat these will be funded during the last quarter of 2008. The major Rockefeller grant that was sustaining three of our staff, i.e., AfNet coordinator, ISFM officer, and the social scientist, stops in January 2008. We are therefore requesting for a bridging funds for 8 months to cover two staff positions from January to August 2008. • Increase ICRAF has also inc crease will bring t by 25 – 30%. Whereas we paid US$ 33,000 in The need to share overhead earn Reserves: We un e need and obli HQ the US$ 2 rning over 34% (US$ 99 charging an av cts coming on b also set to go OVH on the 32 projects w chargeab Research and harge: These a contracts and amount to about 80 in 2007. and bridging would like to appeal nt and BOT to ation to the different ing to CIAT‘s r cil. Although it will the full strategy ams i.e. RDC1, programs, can ask for a fair share of the core allocation. 12 13 9. STAFF LIST TSB Sanginga, Nteranya (Soil Microbiologist) TSBF I Sen Bationo (Soil Sc Chi Coo Delve, R Hui Scie Jefwa, J Les Ohi Scientis Oko Pyp Misiko, Roi Thi manage Van Zin Vis Mer Andren Jun Consul Wo Mo Swift, M Res Ekise, I Kan wa Kihara, Job (Asst Scientific Officer) Magreta, Ruth (Research Asst, Lilongwe) Fellow, beyarara, Talkmore (M.Sc., Research Asst, F Institute -Director nstitute – Africa Staff Mapila, Mariam A.T.J. (Research Lilongwe) Mom ior Staff , André (African Network Coordinator ientist)) Harare) Mukalama, John (Snr Scientific Assistant) Rusinamhodzi, Leonard (Research Asst, Harare) anu, Jonas (Socio Economist) rbels Mark (Soil scientist, modeler) obert (Soil Fertility Management) Wangechi, Helen (Asst Scientific Officer) Waswa, Boaz (Asst Scientific Officer) sing, Jeroen (BGBD Coordinator (GIS ntist)) oyce (Microbiologist) Technical Staff Kadzere, Chengetai (Field worker, Harare) Muthoni, Margaret (Laboratory Attendant) ueur, Didier (Microbiologist) okpehai, Omo (Food & Nutrition t) Ngului, Wilson (Laboratory Technician) Nyambega, Laban (Field Technician) Njenga, Francis (Laboratory Attendant) th, Peter (Information Manager) ers, Peter (Soil scientist) Michael (Social Scientist) Muranganwa, Francis (Field worker Harare) Administrative Staff ng, Kristina (Agronomist) erfelder, Christian (Soil and Water ment) Agalo, Henry (Driver / Field Assistant) Akech, Caren (Secretary) Akuro, Elly (Driver / Field Assistant) lauwe, Bernard (Soil Scientist) gore Shamie (Soil Scientist) Chisvino, Stephen (Driver/OA, Harare) Kareri, Alice (Administrator) Meyo, Rosemary (Administrative Assistant) iting Scientists ckx, Roel (Katholiek University, Belgium) , Olof (Upsalla University, Sweden) Mulogoli, Caleb (Finance/IT Asst) Murombwi, Hope (Admin. Assistant, Harare) Ngwira, Evelyn (Accounts Asst, Lilongwe) ko Sato (Kyoto University, Japan) tants Ngutu, Charles (Finance/Admin. Officer) Nyamhingura, Isabella (Admin. Asst, Harare) omer, Paul (Soil Scientist. ISFM project) kunywe, Uzo (Economist, BGBD Project) ike (BGBD Project) Ogola, Juliet (AfNet Administrator) earch Assistants saac (Asst Scientific Officer), tsa, Peace (Research Asst, Kampala) k 10. SUMMARY OF 2007 BUDGET SOURCE AMOUNT (US$) PROPORTION (%) TSBF Un 290,611 4% restricted Core Re 0% stricted Core 0 Sub-total Core 290,611 4% Restricted Sp 80% ecial projects 5,229,197 Sub Sahara Africa Challenge Program 88,160 1% Water and Food Challenge Program 47,269 1% Su 82% b Total Restricted 5,364,626 Direct Expenditures 5,655,237 86% Non Research Cost 893,371 14% Total Expenditures 6,548,608 100% (1) Excluding Non Operational expenses: Phaseout and Fixed Assets adjustment. 14 11. ANNEX-1: LIST OF PUBLICATIONS Ref learnt from long-term experiments in Africa. Royal Swedish Academy of Chi k interaction in the savannas of Chianu, J. N., Tsujii, H.and Mbanasor, J. (2007) Determinants of the decision to adopt improved maize variety by smallholder farmers in the savannas of northern Nigeria. Journal of Food, E. Vol 5 (2), 318–324 elve, R.J., Huising, J.E. and Bagenze, P. (2007) Target area identification using a GIS approach for Fay sa protected forest along the Senegal River. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 79 Ihed moin. Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 4 (2), 125– Mal and Wery, J. (2007) Mairura, F.S., Mugendi, D.N., Mwenje, J.I., Ramisch, J.J., Mbugua, P.K. and Chianu, J.N. (2007) apfumo, P., Mtambanengwe, F. and Vanlauwe, B. (2007) Organic matter quality management ts on soil organic matter fractions in contrasting soils in Zimbabwe. Plant and Soil 296, 137- 150. g Ohi ivision, Suba al of Food, Agriculture and Environment-v5 (2), 45-49 imiywe, J., Mbithe, D.and Sanginga, N. (2007). Feeding patterns and practices ereed journal articles published Andren, O., Kihara, J., Bationo, A., Vanlauwe, B. and Katterer, T. (2007) Soil climate and decomposer activity in sub-Saharan Africa, estimates from standard weather station data – used in soil carbon balance calculations. Ambio 36, 379-386. Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Abdou, A., Bado, V., Bonzi, M., Iwuafor, E., Kibunja, C., Kihara, J., Mucheru-Muna, M., Mugendi, D., Mugwe, J., Mwale, C., Okeyo, J., Andrén, O., Röing, K. and Tabo, R. (2007) Lessons Agriculture and Forestry. pp 30-35. Nr 9-146. anu, J.N., Tsujii, H. and Manyong, V.M. (2007) Crop-livestoc Nigeria: nature and determinants of farmer decision to use manure for soil fertility maintenance. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment JFAE. Vol 5 (2), 295–301 Agriculture and Environment-JFA D the introduction of legume cover crops for soil productivity improvement: A case study of eastern Uganda. African Journal of Agricultural Research 2, 512-520 e, A., Saidou, S., Chotte, J.L. and Lesueur, D. (2007) Soil bio-functioning under Acacia nilotica var. tomento 35-44. ioha, D., Odoemena, B. Ibana, S. and Chianu, J. (2007) Effects of drying of drying cowpea grains on consumer acceptability of moin- 131. tas, A., Corbeels, M., Scopel, E., Oliver, R., Douzet, J.M., da Silva, F. A. M. Long-term effects of continuous direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems on soil nitrogen supply in the Cerrado region of Brazil. Plant Soil 298, 161-173. Integrating scientific and farmers’ evaluation of soil quality indicators in Central Kenya. Geoderma 139: 134–143. Mairura, F.S., Mugendi, D.N., Mwenje, J.I., Ramisch, J.J., Mbugua, P.K. and Chianu, J.N. (2007) Scientific evaluation of smallholder land use knowledge in Central Kenya. Land Degradation & Development 18: 1–14. M effec Mucheru-Muna, M., Mugendi, D., Kung’u, J., Mugwe, J.and Bationo, A. (2007) Effects of organic and mineral fertilizer inputs on maize yield and soil chemical properties in a maize croppin system in Meru South District, Kenya. Agroforestry Systems 69, 189–197 okpehai, O., Kimiywe, J., Chianu, J., Mbithe, D.and Sanginga, N. (2007). Socioeconomic and Demographic Profiles of household with children Aged 6-59 months Mbita D District. Journ hiokpehai, O., KO among households with children aged 6-59 months in Mbita Division Suba District Kenya. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment v5, no. 2, 17-23. 15 Pep , e Pyp erckx, R. (2007) Does the Ruf 73– Sam to Sam baye, R., Neyra, M. and Lesueur, D. (2007) Natural nodulation of Acacia mangium - Acacia Sar chnology, 23 (5), 705-711. 7) e Titt and Titt cy withing smallholder African farms: soil fertility gradients or Titt ring Zin type, management history and Zin ement in ulture Ecosystems and Environment, 119: 112-126. Refereed journal articles in press Bationo, A., Kihara, J., Vanlauwe, B., Kimetu, J., Waswa, B.S. and Sahrawat, K.L. Integrated Nutrient Management – concepts and experience from sub-Saharan Africa. In: Aukland MS and Grant CA. The Hartworth Press Inc. NY (In press) per, D.A., Eliasson, P.E., McMurtrie, R.E., Corbeels, M., Ågren, G.I., Strömgren, M. and Linder S. (2007) Simulated mechanisms of soil N feedback on the forest CO2 response. Global Chang Biology 13, 1-17. Pepper, D.A., Eliasson, P.E., McMurtrie, R.E., Corbeels, M., Ågren, G.I., Strömgren, M. and Linder, S. (2007) Simulated mechanisms of soil N feedback on the forest CO2 response. Global Change Biology 13, 1-17. ers, P., Huybrighs, M. J., Diels, Abaidoo, R., Smolders, E. and M enhanced P acquisition by maize following legumes in a rotation result from inproved soil P availability?, Soil Biology and Biochemistry 39, 2555-2566. ino, M.C., Tittonell, P., van Wijk, M.T., Castellanos-Navarrete, A., Delve, R.J., de Ridder, N. and Giller, K.E. (2007) Manure as a key resource within smallholder farming system: analyzing farm- scale nutrient cycling efficiencies with the NUANCES framework. Livestock Science. 112, 2 287 ba-Mbaye, D., Lesueur, D., Ba A.T., Dreyfus, B, de Lajudie, P. and Neyra, M. (2007) Genetic diversity of Acacia seyal Del. rhizobial populations indigenous to Senegalese soils in relation salinity and pH of the sampling sites. Microbial Ecology, 54 553-566. ba-M auriculiformis hybrids: Distribution of the indigenous strains in the nodules. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 23 (10), 1485-1488. r, A. and Lesueur, D. (2007) Influence of soil fertility on the rhizobial competitiveness for nodulation of Acacia senegal and Acacia nilotica provenances in nursery and field conditions. World Journal of Microbiology and Biote Sheila, A., Okoth, H., Roimen, B., Mutsotso, Muya, E., Kahindi, J., Owino, J.O. and Okoth, P. (200 Land use systems and distribution of trichoderma species in Embu region, Kenya [relación entr uso del suelo y la distribución de trichoderma en la región de embu, kenia] Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems 7, 105 – 122 onell, P., Shepherd, K., Vanlauwe, B. and Giller, K.E. (2007) Unravelling the effects of soil crop management on maize productivity in smallholder agricultural systems of western Kenya – an application of classification and regression tree analysis. Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment 123, 137-150. onell, P., Vanlauwe, B., de Ridder, N. and Giller, K.E. (2007) Heterogeneity of crop productivity and resource use efficien management intensity gradients? Agricultural Systems 94, 376-390. onell, P., Zingore, S., van Wijk, M.T., Corbeels, M. and Giller, K.E. (2007) Nutrient use efficiencies and crop responses to N, P and manure applications in Zimbabwean soils: Exploring management strategies across soil fertility gradients. Field Crops Research 100, 348-368. Tittonell, P., Zingore, S., van Wijk, M.T., Corbeels, M. and Giller, K.E. (2007) Nutrient use efficiencies and crop responses to N, P and manure applications in Zimbabwean soils: Explo management strategies across soil fertility gradients. Field Crops Research 100, 348-368. gore, S., Murwira, H.K., Delve, R.J. and Giller, K.E. (2007) Soil current resource allocation: Three dimensions regulating variability in crop productivity on African smallholder farms. Field Crops Research, 101, 296-305 gore S., Murwira, H.K., Delve, R.J. and Giller, K.E. (2007) Influence of nutrient manag strategies on variability of soil fertility, crop yields and nutrient balances on smallholder farms Zimbabwe. Agric 16 Kho uong, V.T., Drouillon, M. Pypers, P. and Merckx, R. (2007) Chemical estimation of Mw nd luation of nine tissue cultured banana cultivars for arbuscular mycorrhizae s. Titt t omy Journal (In press) Ref Jefw . lar zal Fungi (AMF) in diverse land use types? The case of Taita-Taveta in Kenya. Jefw ith p. Röing Titt nt use e and Boo Mo il Biology: Sampling t with Boo Abaidoo R.C., Okogun, J.A. Kolawole, G.O. Diels, J. Randall P. and Sanginga, N. (2007) Evaluation of cowpea genotypes for variations in their contribution of N and P to subsequent maize crop in Chikowo, R., Corbeels, M., Tittonell, P., Vanlauwe, B., Whitbread, A., and Giller, K.E. (2007) Using the crop simulation model APSIM to generate functional relationships for analysis of resource use in African smallholder systems: aggregating field-scale knowledge for farm-scale models. Agricultural Systems. (In press) i, C.M., G phosphorus released from hypersaline pond sediments used for brine shrimp Artemia franciscana production in the Mekong Delta., accepted for publication in Aquaculture. (In press) (available on-line). ashasha, R.M., Kahangi, E.M., Rutto, L.K., Odee, D., Vanlauwe, B., Losenge, T., Elsen, A. a Jefwa, J.M. Eva dependency. (In press) Tabo, R., Bationo, A., Kandji, S., Waswa, B.S. and Kihara, J. Global Change and Food System START Global Change Research Book. IPCC 35 pp. (In press) onell, P., Corbeels, M., van Wijk, M.T., Vanlauwe, B. and Giller K.E. (2007) Targeting nutrien resources for integrated soil fertility management in smallholder farming systems of Kenya. Agron ereed journal articles submitted a, J.M., Mungatu, J., Okoth, P., Murethe, M., Kimani, S., Muya, E., Roimen, H. and Kahindi, J Is the method of characterization important for determining the true occurrence of Arbuscu Mycorrhi (Submitted) Jefwa, J.M., Mungatu, J., Okoth, P., Muya, E., Roimen, H. P., Wachira, N. and Karanja, N.S. Do land use differences affect the occurrence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in the high altitude regions of Mt. Kenya? (Submitted) a, J.M., Sinclair, R. and Maghembe, J. The Influence of farming systems and on the diversity and frequency occurrence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF). (Submitted) Jefwa, J. M., Sinclair, R. J., Van Greuning, V. and Maghembe, J. Effects of inoculation w mycorrhizal fungi from similar habitat on the growth of three agroforestry trees and a cro (Submitted) de Nowina, K., Andrén, O. and Abaidoo, R. (2007) Improved fallows in West African cropping systems – fertiliser yield increase in dry season legume- maize rotations. (Submitted) onell, P., Vanlauwe, B., Corbeels, M. and Giller, K.E. (2007) Farm heterogeneity, nutrie efficiencies and crop responses to mineral fertilisers: narrowing the gap between attainabl current maize yields on smallholder farms in western Kenya. Plant and Soil (submitted). ks: Bationo A, Waswa BS, Kihara, J and Kimetu J (eds). (2007) Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL.pp 1094 reira, F.M., Huising, E.J. and Bignell, D.E. (eds). A Handbook of Tropical So and Characterization of Below-ground Biodiversity, EARTHSCAN, London. The contrac the publisher has been signed in December 2007, for the book to appear mid 2008) k Chapters: 17 three agro-ecological zones ofWest Africa In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, Ada f , ra, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Baa , Bad in integrated soil - Bad (eds). and Fat echnique and amendment type on pearl millet yield, nutrient uptake, and water use on Hui 08). Sampling strategy and design to evaluate below- f ersity, Jero n of land use at sampling locations for the Kar Kat d Vanlauwe, B. (2007) Integrated Soil Fertility Management: Use of NUTMON to Quantify Nutrient Flows in Farming Systems in Central Kenya. In: Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities, (eds) Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. Springer NL. pp 283-288. J. (eds).Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 401-412 mou, A., Bationo, A., Tabo, R. and Koala, S. (2007) Improving soil fertility through the use o organic and inorganic plant nutrient and crop rotation in Niger. In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S. Kiha Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 589-598 ru, M.W., Mugendi, D.N., Bationo, A., Louis, V. & Waceke, W. (2007) Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen as Influenced by Organic and Inorganic Fertilisation in Kenya. In: Bationo A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 827-833 iori O, Ouattara, K. Serpantié, G. Mando A. Sédogo, M. P. and Bationo. A. (2007) Intensity cultivation induced effects on soil organic carbon dynamic in the western cotton area of Burkina Faso In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 749 758 o, B., Bationo, A., Lompo, F., Cescas, M. P. and Sedogo, M. P. (2007) Mineral fertilizers, organic amendments and crop rotation managements for soil fertility maintenance in the Guinean zone of Burkina Faso (West Africa). In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 171-179 ondji D., Martius, C., Bielders, C.L., Vlek, P.L.G., Bationo, A. and Gerard, B. (2007) Effect of planting t degraded land in Niger In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 179-194 sing, E.J. Coe, R., Van Noordwijk, M., Huang†, S.P., Cares, J., Louzada, J., Zanetti, R., Moreira, F., Susilo, F. and Konate, S. (expected 20 ground biodiversity. In: Moreira, F.M., Huising, E.J., and Bignell, D.E., (eds), A Handbook o Tropical Soil Biology: Sampling and Characterization of Below-ground Biodiv EARTHSCAN, London en H. E. (expected 2008) Description and classificatio inventory of below-ground biodiversity. In: Moreira, F.M., Huising, E.J. and Bignell, D.E. (eds), A Handbook of Tropical Soil Biology: Sampling and Characterization of Below-ground Biodiversity, EARTHSCAN, London unditu, M.W., Mugendi, D.N., Kung′u, J. and Vanlauwe, B. (2007) Fertilizer nitrogen recovery as affected by soil organic matter status in two sites in Kenya. In: Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities, (eds) Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara J. and Kimetu, J. Springer NL. pp pp 537-545. huku, A.N., Kimani, S.K., Okalebo, J.R., Othieno, C.O. an 18 n L.pp Kimetu, J. Springer Kim Kim rganic roceedings. 16th International Symposium of the International Scientific , p Kim ler, Kim of Their Soil Fertility Status? In: Advances in Kol Lul in Tororo District, Uganda. In Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds) Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities. Springer NL. pp 947-954 Mafongoya, P.L., Bationo, A., Kihara, J. and Waswa, B.S. (2007) Appropriate technologies to replenish soil fertility in southern Africa In: Bationo A., Waswa B.S., Kihara, J.and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp. 29-44 Kaya, B., Niang, A., Tabo, R. and Bationo, A. (2007) Performance evaluation of various agroforestry species used in short duration improved fallows to enhance soil fertility and sorghum yields i Mali. In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu J. (eds) 2006. Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer N 547-556 Kihara, J., Kimetu, J.M., Vanlauwe, B., Bationo, A., Waswa, B. and Mukalama, J. (2007) Optimising crop productivity in legume-cereal rotations through nitrogen and phosphorus Management In Western Kenya. In: Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities, (eds) Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara, J. and NL. pp 493-501. ani, S.K., Esilaba, A.O., Odera, M.M., Kimenye, L., Vanlauwe, B. and Bationo, A. (2007) Effects of organic and mineral sources of nutrients on maize yields in three districts of central Kenya. In: Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub Saharan Africa: challenges -and opportunities, (eds) Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. Springer NL. pp 353 358. ani, S. K., Macharia, J. M., Nyikal, R., Bationo, A. and Ramish, J. (2007) Evaluation of o and mineral sources of nutrients in central Kenya. In: Mineral Versus Organic Fertilization conflict or Synergism? P Centre of Fertilizers (CIEC), 16-19 September 2007, Ghent, Belgium. De Neve, S., Salomez, J. Van Den Bosshe, A., Haneklaus, S., Van Cleemput, O., Hofman, G. and Schnug, E. (eds.) p 276-280 etu J.M., Mugendi, D.N. Bationo, A., Palm, C.A., Mutuo, P.K., Kihara, J., Nandwa, S. and Gil K. (2007) Partial balance of nitrogen in a maize cropping system in humic nitisol of Central Kenya In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 521- 530 iti, J.M., Esilaba, A.O., Vanlauwe, B. and Bationo, A. (2007) Participatory Diagnosis in the Eastern Drylands of Kenya: Are Farmers aware integrated soil fertility management in sub Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities, (eds) Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. Springer NL. pp 957-964. awole, G.O., Diels, J., Manyong, V.M., Ugbabe, O., Wallays, K., Dercon, G., Iwuafor, E.N.O., Falaki, A.M., Merckx, R., Deckers, J., Tollens, E., Vanlauwe, B. and Sanginga, N. (2007) Balanced Nutrient Management System Technologies In The Northern Guinea Savanna Of Nigeria: Validation And Perspectives. In: Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities, (eds) Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. Springer NL. pp 669-678 e, A., Mangheni, M., Sanginga, P.C., Delve, R.J., Matsiko, F. and Miiro, R. (2007) Social capital and adoption of soil fertility management techniques 19 Maithya J.M., Kimenye, L.N. Mugivane, F.I. and Ramisch, J.J. (2007) Profitability of agro-forestry based soil fertility management technologies: the case of small holder food production inWestern Kenya In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds).Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 767- 780 Mairura, F.S., Mugendi, D.N., Mwanje, J.I., Ramisch, J.J. and Mbugua, P.K. (2007) Assessment of farmers’ perceptions of soil quality indicators within smallholder farms in the central highlands of Kenya In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds).Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp. 1035-1046 iti, J.M., Esilaba, A.O., Kihumba, J. & Bationo, A. (2007) Tied-ridging and integrated nutrient management options for sustainable crop Mir production in semi-arid eastern Kenya. In: Bationo, A., ent in Mis Mta Muzira, R., Kabale farmer groups, Pali, P., Sanginga, P.C. and Delve, R.J. (2007) Farmers participation in soil fertility management research process. Dilemma in rehabilitating degraded Uganda. 2007. In Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds) grated soil fertility management in sub Saharan Africa: challenges and Nya humid sub-tropical conditions. In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara, Ode swa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 969-978 Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J, and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility managem sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 435-442 iko, M. and Ramisch, J. (2007) Integrated Soil Fertility Management Technologies: review for scaling up In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu J. (eds).Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp. 873-880 mbanengwe, F., Mapfumo, P. and Vanlauwe. B. (2007) Comparative short-term effects of different quality organic resources on maize productivity under two different environments in Zimbabwe In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp. 575-588 hilltops in Kabale, Advances in inte opportunities. Springer NL. pp 1050-1060 Ndufa, J.K., Cadisch, G., Poulton, C., Noordin, Q. and Vanlauwe, B. (2007) Integrated Soil Fertility Management and Poverty Traps in Western Kenya. In: Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities, (eds) Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. Springer NL. pp 1055-1069. mangara, J. (2007) Mineral N distribution in the soil profile of a maize field amended with cattle manure and mineral N under J. and Kimetu, J. (eds.) Advances in integrated soil fertility research in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and opportunities. Springer NL. pp. 737-748. ndo, M., Ojiem, J., Bationo, A. and Mudeheri, M. (2007) On-Farm Evaluation and Scaling-up of Soil Fertility Management Technologies in Western Kenya In: Bationo, A., Wa 20 Okalebo J.R., Othieno C.O., Woomer P.L., Karanja N.K., Semoka J.R.M., Bekunda M.A., Mugendi D.N., Muasya R.M., Bationo A. and Mukhwaua E.J. (2007) Available technologies to replenish soil fertility in Eastern Africa In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds).Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 45-62 th P.F., Ng’ang’a J.K. and Kimani P.K. (2007) Consequences of Field Management and Soil Oko , San y numbers. In: Njeru, R.W., Kagabo, D.M., Ndabamenye, T., Kayiranga, D., Ragama, P., Sallah, P.Y.K., Nkerabahizi, D., Ndiramiye, L., Night, G., Akinyemi, S.O.S., Kanuya, N., Bagabe, M.C., Mugabe, J. (eds) Sustainable agriculture productivity for improved food security and livelihoods. Institut des Sciences Agronomiques du Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda, pp. 600-622. Swift, M.J., Bignell, D.E., Moreira, F.M. and Huising, E.J. (expected 2008) the inventory of soil biological diversity: concepts and general guidelines. In: Moreira, F.M., Huising, E.J. and Bignell, D.E. (eds) A Handbook of Tropical Soil Biology: Sampling and Characterization of Below-ground Biodiversity, EARTHSCAN, London Erosion on the Sustainability of Large Scale Coffee Farming in Kiambu In: Bationo, A., Waswa B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub- Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 299-310 Okoth, P.F., Oketch, P.A. and Kimani, P.K. (2007) The Use of Erosion Proxies for the Spatial Assessment of Erosion in a Watershed and Modelling the Erosion Risk in a GIS Consequences of Field Management and Soil Erosion on the Sustainability of Large Scale Coffee Farming in Kiambu In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara, J. and Kimetu J. (eds.) Advances in integrated soil fertility research in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and opportunities. Springer NL. pp 311-325. Noordin, Q., Mukalama, J., Rotich, D., Wabwile, E., and Lynam, J., (2007) Scaling up options on Integrated Soil Fertility management in Western Kenya: The Case of COSOFAP: Challenges and Opportunities In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds).Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. 993-1000 Saidou A.K., Abaidoo, R.C., Singh, B.B., Iwuafor, E.N.O., and Sanginga, N. (2007) Variability of cowpea breeding lines to low phosphorus tolerance and response to external application of Phosphorus In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. 413-422 Sanginga, P.C., Kaaria, S., Muzira, R., Delve R., Vanlauwe, B., Chianu, J. and Sanginga, N. (2007) The Resources-to-Consumption System: A Framework for Linking Soil Fertility Management Innovations to Market Opportunities. In: Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities, eds: Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara, J., and Kimetu, J., Springer NL. pp 975-986. ginga, P.C., Kantengwa, S., Farrow, A., Vanlauwe, B., Kasereka, B., Van Asten, P., Abele, S., Lodi-Lama, J.P., Blomme, G. and Katana, C.R. (2007) Entry points for research to improve agricultural-based livelihoods in Central Africa: insights from part 21 Tabu, I. M., Bationo, A., Obura, R.K. and Khaemba, J.M. (2007) Effect of rock phosphate, lime and green manure on growth and yield of maize in a non productive niche of a rhodic ferralsol in Tab Wa rated soil fertility management in sub Saharan Africa: challenges and Zin Oth Ada Keulen, H. (2007) AfN farmer’s fields. In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL.pp 449-456 o, R., Bationo, A., Bruno, G., Ndjeunga, J., Marcha, D., Amadou, B., Annou, M. G., Sogodogo, D., Jean Baptiste Sibiry Taonda, Ousmane, H., Maimouna, K. Diallo & Koala, S (2007) Improving the productivity of sorghum and millet and farmers income using a strategic application of fertilizers in West Africa. In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL pp. 201-208 Vanlauwe B., Tittonell, P. and Mukalama, J. (2007) Within-Farm soil fertility gradients affect response of maize to fertiliser application in western Kenya In: Bationo, A., Waswa, B.S., Kihara, J. and Kimetu, J. (eds). Advances in integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Springer NL. pp 121-132 swa, B.S, Mugendi, D.N., Vanlauwe, B. and Kung’u, J. (2007) Changes in Soil Organic Matter as Influenced by Organic Residue Management Regimes in Selected Experiments in Kenya. In: Advances in integ opportunities, (eds) Bationo, A., Waswa, B., Kihara J. and Kimetu. J. Springer NL. pp 457-469. gore, S., Chikowo, R., Nyamadzawo, G. and Nyamugafata, P. (2007) Developments in the Research of the Potential of Agroforestry for Sustaining Soil Fertility in Zimbabwe. In: Batish, Kohli, D.R. R.K. Jose, S. and Singh, S.P. (eds). Ecological Basis of Agroforesty. Taylor & Francis, Florida, USA. er Publications: m, M., Leffelaar, P.A., Ewert, F., Rapidel, B., Corbeels, M., Wery, J., and van Developing a generic crop Modelling framework: how to use expert knowledge to define crop models? Poster at International Symposium: Methodologies for Integrated Analysis of Farm Production Systems, 10-12 September 2007 - Catania, Sicily, Italy. et, (2007) The Strategy of the African Network for Soil Biology and Fertility (AfNet) 2008-2012: Improving Smallholder farmers’ livelihoods for sustainable land management through networking. Nairobi, Kenya iono, A., Okeyo, J. M., Waswa, B. Bat S., Mapfumo, P., Maina, F. and Kihara, J. (2007) Innovations as Key to the Green Revolution in Africa: Exploring the Scientific Facts. Symposium Abstracts for the Arusha Symposium 17-21 September 2007. Ecomedia: Nairobi, Kenya 22 Chi ded summary). Bernoux, M., Perrin, A.S., Siqueira Neto, M., Blanchart, E., Cerri, C. C., Corbeels, M., Douzet, J.M., Eschenbrenner, V., Metay, A., Nunez Cardoso, A., Piccolo, M., Scopel, E., Seguy, L., Feller, C. (2007) Stockage de carbone dans les sols avec des systèmes de culture en semis direct avec couverture végétale (SCV) dans les Cerrados brésiliens : résultats d’étude synchrones et diachrones. Presentation at International Congres: Les sols tropicaux en semis direct sous couvertures végétales. Madagascar, 3-7 décembre 2007. (Extended summary). CIALCA: Consortium for Improved Agricultural Livelihoods in Central Africa, poster presented at various local planning and partner meetings in DRC and Rwanda. kowo, R., Corbeels, M., Tittonell, P., Vanlauwe, B., Whitbread, A. and Giller, K.E. (2007) Using The Mechanistic Crop Model APSIM To Generate Functional Relationship For An Integrated Summary Model Of Smallholder African Cropping Systems: Aggregating Field-Scale Knowledge For Farm-Scale Models. Summary of presentation in: Innovations as key to the Green Revolution in Africa: exploring the scientific facts. (eds) Bationo, A., Okeyo, J.M., Waswa, B.S., Mapfumo, P., Maina, F. and Kihara, J. p.137. Corbeels, M., Affholder, F., Scopel, E., Jourdain, D. and Macena, F. (2007) Mulch and cover crop based cropping systems: do they fit into small scale farms of the tropics? Poster at International Symposium: Methodologies for Integrated Analysis of Farm Production Systems, 10-12 September 2007 - Catania, Sicily, Italy Corbeels, M., Scopel, E., Macena da Silva, F.A., Bernoux, M. and Nunez Cardoso, A. (2007) Stockage potentiel de carbone dans les sols avec des systèmes de culture en semis direct avec couverture végétale (SCV) dans les Cerrados brésiliens. Presentation at International Congres: Les sols tropicaux en semis direct sous couvertures végétales. Madagascar, 3-7 décembre 2007. (Extended summary). Scopel, E., Maltas, A., Corbeels, M., Macena, Da Silva F.A., Affholder, F., Douzet, J.M., Oliver, R., Schaller, N., Nunez Cardoso, A. (2007) Dynamique et valorisation de l’azote dans les systèmes de culture en semis direct avec couverture végétale (SCV) des Cerrados Brésiliens. Presentation at International Congres: Les sols tropicaux en semis direct sous couvertures végétales. Madagascar, 3-7 décembre 2007. (Exten Tittonell, P., Corbeels, M., van Wijk, M.T. and Giller, K.E. (2007) Simplified summary models of crop production to address questions on resource-use interactions and efficiencies at farm–scale. Presentation at International Symposium: Methodologies for Integrated Analysis of Farm Production Systems, 10-12 September 2007 - Catania, Sicily, Italy 23 Aba ying P-use efficient cowpea genotypes, poster and paper presented (September 2007). posium: Methodologies for Integrated Analysis of Farm Ada twork for Soil Biology and Fertility (AfNet) of Tropical Soil Ass terization of edaphic conditions in natural forest, forest plantations and fallow lands in 31 August 2007, Ber doso, A., Piccolo, M., Scopel, E., Seguy, L., Feller, C. re 2007. (Extended summary). Soil Chi East Africa (emphasis Kenya. EPMR power-point presentation, KEFRI Center, Maseno, 25 June 2007. Oral/Poster presentations at conferences: idoo, R.C., Singh, B.B., Nwoke, C., Pypers, P., Diels, J. and Kolawole, G.O. (2007) Evaluation of shoot and root traits for identif at the AfNet Conference in Arusha Enhancing the productivity through the integration of grain legumes in maize cropping systems in Central Kenya (Mucheru-Muna, M., Mugendi, D., Vanlauwe, B., Merckx, R., Mugwe, J., Pypers P. and Kung’u, J.), seminar and paper presented at the AfNet conference in Arusha Adam, M., Leffelaar, P.A., Ewert, F., Rapidel, B., Corbeels, Wery, M, J. and van Keulen, H. (2007) Developing a generic crop Modelling framework: how to use expert knowledge to define crop models? Poster at International Sym Production Systems, 10-12 September 2007 - Catania, Sicily, Italy. mu, M.A. and Chianu, J.N. (2007) Improving African agricultural market and rural livelihoods through warrantage: Case of Jigawa State, Nigeria. Paper presented at an International Symposium on “Innovations as Key to the Green Revolution in Africa: Exploring the Scientific Facts” organized by The African Ne Biology and Fertility (TSBF) institute of CIAT in collaboration with the Soil Fertility Consortium for Southern Africa (SOFECSA), Ngurdoto Mountain Lodge, Arusha, Tanzania, 17–21 September 2007. igbetse, K., Lesueur, D., Odee, D., Mugadi, D., Ochieng, J., Dieng, L. and Chotte, J.L. (2007) Charac Kenya (Kedowa, Rift Valley). International Conference Rhizosphere 2. 26- Montpellier, France (Poster). noux, M., Perrin, A.S., Siqueira Neto, M., Blanchart, E., Cerri, C. C., Corbeels, M., Douzet, J.M., Eschenbrenner, V., Metay, A., Nunez Car (2007) Stockage de carbone dans les sols avec des systèmes de culture en semis direct avec couverture végétale (SCV) dans les Cerrados brésiliens : résultats d’étude synchrones et diachrones. Presentation at International Congres: Les sols tropicaux en semis direct sous couvertures végétales. Madagascar, 3-7 décemb Chianu, J., Huising, J., Danso, S. and Sanginga, N. (2007) Biological nitrogen fixation by rhizobia and mineral fertilizer savings: implications for green revolution in Africa. Paper presented at an International Symposium on “Innovations as Key to the Green Revolution in Africa: Exploring the Scientific Facts” organized by The African Network for Soil Biology and Fertility (AfNet) of Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF) institute of CIAT in collaboration with the Fertility Consortium for Southern Africa (SOFECSA), Ngurdoto Mountain Lodge, Arusha, Tanzania, 17–21 September 2007. anu, J., Vanlauwe, B. and Ohiokpehai, O. (2007) Soybean Research-for-development in th 24 Chianu, J.N., Adesina, A., Sanginga, P., Bationo A. and Sanginga. N. (2007) Ex-ante evaluation of the impact of a structural change in fertilizer procurement method in sub-Saharan Africa. Paper presented at an International Symposium on “Innovations as Key to the Green Revolution in to Mountain Lodge, Chi rtility Consortium for Southern Africa (SOFECSA), Ngurdoto Mountain Lodge, Arusha, Chi Chi sing Cor t into small scale farms of the tropics? Poster at International Cor rnoux, M. and Nunez Cardoso, A. (2007) the green revolution in Africa: Farr Africa: Exploring the Scientific Facts” organized by The African Network for Soil Biology and Fertility (AfNet) of Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF) institute of CIAT in collaboration with the Soil Fertility Consortium for Southern Africa (SOFECSA), Ngurdo Arusha, Tanzania, 17–21 September 2007. anu, J. N., Mairura, F. and Ekise, I. (2007) Farm input market system in Western Kenya: Constraints, opportunities and policy implications. Second Prize Award winning poster presented at an International Symposium on “Innovations as Key to the Green Revolution in Africa: Exploring the Scientific Facts” organized by The African Network for Soil Biology and Fertility (AfNet) of Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF) institute of CIAT in collaboration with the Soil Fe Tanzania, 17–21 September 2007. anu, J. N., Mairura, F. and Ihedioha, D. (2007) Socioeconomic and policy factors undermining farmers’ access to soil fertility enhancing farm inputs in western Kenya. Paper presented at the 24th Regional Conference of Soil Science Society of East Africa (SSSEA), Izak Waton Hotel, Embu, Kenya, November 2007. kowo, R., Corbeels, M., Tittonell, P., Vanlauwe, B., Whitbread, A. and Giller, K.E. (2007) U The Mechanistic Crop Model APSIM To Generate Functional Relationship For An Integrated Summary Model Of Smallholder African Cropping Systems: Aggregating Field-Scale Knowledge For Farm-Scale Models. Summary of presentation in: Innovations as key to the Green Revolution in Africa: exploring the scientific facts. (eds) Bationo, A., Okeyo, J.M., Waswa, B.S., Mapfumo, P., Maina, F.and Kihara, J.). p.137. beels, M., Affholder, F., Scopel, E., Jourdain, D. and Macena, F. (2007) Mulch and cover crop based cropping systems: do they fi Symposium: Methodologies for Integrated Analysis of Farm Production Systems, 10-12 September 2007 - Catania, Sicily, Italy beels, M., Scopel, E., Macena da Silva, F.A., Be Stockage potentiel de carbone dans les sols avec des systèmes de culture en semis direct avec couverture végétale (SCV) dans les Cerrados brésiliens. Presentation at International Congres: Les sols tropicaux en semis direct sous couvertures végétales. Madagascar, 3-7 décembre 2007. (Extended summary). Fall, D., Diouf, D., Faye, A., Sall, S., Sylla, S. and Lesueur, D. (2007) Rhizobial inoculation of mature Acacia senegal trees increase gum arabic production and affects the soil microbial functioning. International Conference on Innovations as key to exploring the Scientific facts. 17-21 September 2007, Arusha, Tanzania (Oral presentation). ow, A., Sonder, K., Delve, R.J., Risinamhodzi, K., and Njuki, J. Using spatial analysis for targeting research and scaling-up opportunities. AfNet conference, Arusha, September 2007 25 Kam zosphere 2. 26-31 August 2007, Kar Kim ement of HIV/AIDS infected women: A case of Suba District, Kenya. Paper presented at Kim est Africa to be held in Cotonou, Benin from 1- 4 October Les Les . (2007) Can better management and production of gum-arabic in sub- Les ive microbial approaches of Les a, Wilson, J. (2007) Field inoculation of woody legumes with microsymbionts (rhizobia amd mycorrhiza fungal): an evaluation of successes and failures in Africa. International Conference on Innovations as key to the green revolution in Africa: exploring the scientific facts. 17-21 September 2007, Arusha, Tanzania (Oral presentation). Masvaya, E.N., Nyamangara, J. R., Nyawasha, W., Zingore, S., Delve, R.J. and Giller, K.E. Effect of farmer management strategies on spatial variability of soil fertility and crop nutrient uptake in contrasting agro-ecological zones in Zimbabwe. AfNet conference, Arusha, September 2007 Guto, S., Vanlauwe, B., Okoth, P., Pypers, P., de Ridder, N. and Giller, K.E. (2007) To conserve or not to conserve: Exploring smallholder farmers’ knowledge towards soil erosion and the status of conservation farming across the Central Kenya Highlands poster and paper presented at the AfNet Conference in Arusha aa, M., Shepherd, K., Verchot, L., Mugadi, D., Mburu, H., Awiti, A. and Lesueur, D. (2007) Soil degradation assessment: a comparative analysis of NIRS results with soil microbial communities and enzymatic approaches. International Conference Rhi Montpellier, France (Poster). ltun, E., Röing de Nowina, K., Chiwona-Karltun, L., Lemenih, M., Tolera, M., Berisso, T. Making soil quality last – involving stakeholders in improving soil and plant nutrient management. Submitted to Currents. iywe, J., Ohiokpehai, O., Karissa, G. and Kingolla, B. (2007) Mainstreaming nutrition care in the manag the International Conference on Reproductive Health and the Prevention, Control and Management of HIV/AIDS at the Kenya College of Communication and Technology, Mbagathi, Nairobi, Kenya, 10-12 April 2007. iywe, J., Ohiokpehai, O., Karissa, G. and King’olla, B. (2007) Strategies for Improved livelihoods for HIV infected women: A case of Suba District, Kenya. Paper presented at the International Conference on From Research to Action: Mitigating HIV/AIDS Impacts on Agriculture and Food Security in W 2007. ueur, D. (2007) Le rhizobium met la gomme a l’acacia. Cirad-News, Juin 2007. ueur, D. and Chikamai, B Saharan Africa contribute to reaching the Millennium Development Goals? Lesueur D and Chikamai B. ETFRN News, 47/48 91-93. ueur, D., Faye, A., Sall, S., Chotte, J. L. and Sarr, A. (2007) Innovat Acacia senegal trees management to improve and sustain gum-arabic production in the sub- Saharan Africa. 15th International Conference on the Nitrogen Fixation. 21-26 January 2007, Cape Town, South Africa (Oral presentation). ueur, D., Poshiwa, X., Duponnois, R., Odee, D., Sarr, A., Ingleby, K., Chikumba, N., Sougoufar B., Plenchette, C., Diouf, D. and 26 Monje, C., Cobo, J.G., Dercon, G., Cadisch, G., Delve, R.(2007) Assessing the Impact of Land Tenure on Maize Crop Response under Small-scale Farming Systems in North-east Zimbabwe. Tropentag, October 9-11, 2007, Witzenhausen Mugabe, F., Twomlow, S., Mwale, M., Delve, R., Nanja, D., Carberry, P., Howden, M., (2007) Mu urdoto Mountain Lodge, Arusha, Tanzania, 17–21 September Ng’ Obi Market access: Components, interactions and implications in to Mountain Lodge, Arusha, Ode ivity and biological nitrogen fixation in Calliandra calothyrsus based Ohi undergraduates). Nov 2007 r Ohi initiative to improve its production in Ohi February 2007 (CIAT-TSBF received a letter of appreciation for a work well done). Ohiokpehai, O. (2007) The Effect of Climate Change on Food processing and Packaging in Smallholder Household An abstract to the Links between Environmental Stress and Food Security in Africa session at IGBP Congress, Cape Town, May 2008 Ohiokpehai, O. and King’olla, B. (2007) Nutrition and utilization for health and income generation: an incentive for the promotion of legumes in Kenya. Poster presented at the International symposium on ‘Innovation as key to the Green revolution in Africa: exploring the Scientific Facts’ organized by The African Network for Soil Biology and fertility (AfNet) of CIAT-TSBF in collaboration with the Soil Fertility Consortium for Southern Africa (SOFECSA), Ngordoto Mountain Lodge, Arusha, Tanzania, 17-21 September 2007 (Award winning poster presentation). Building adaptive capacity to cope with increasing vulnerability due to climatic change in Africa– a new approach. WAFSA-WATERnet conference, Zambia, September 2007 gabo, R. J., Mushabizi, D., Gafishi, M., Chianu J. and Tollens, E. (2007) Economic analysis of improved potato technologies in Rwanda. Paper presented at an International Symposium on “Innovations as Key to the Green Revolution in Africa: Exploring the Scientific Facts” organized by The African Network for Soil Biology and Fertility (AfNet) of Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF) institute of CIAT in collaboration with the Soil Fertility Consortium for Southern Africa (SOFECSA), Ng 2007. ang’a, M.N., Ohiokpehai, O., King’olla, B., Muasya, R.M. and Omami, E. (2007) Farming innovation for food security among HIV/AIDS affected rural households in Western Kenya. Paper presented at the International symposium on ‘Innovation as key to the Green revolution in Africa: exploring the Scientific Facts’ organized by The African Network for Soil Biology and fertility (AfNet) of CIAT-TSBF in collaboration with the Soil Fertility Consortium for Southern Africa (SOFECSA), Ngordoto Mountain Lodge, Arusha, Tanzania, 17-21 September 2007. , A., Pote, P. and Chianu, J. (2007) smallholder agriculture in the former homeland area of South Africa. Paper presented at an International Symposium on “Innovations as Key to the Green Revolution in Africa: Exploring the Scientific Facts” organized by The African Network for Soil Biology and Fertility (AfNet) of Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF) institute of CIAT in collaboration with the Soil Fertility Consortium for Southern Africa (SOFECSA), Ngurdo Tanzania, 17–21 September 2007. e, D., Lesueur, D., Poshiwa, X., Walters, D. and Wilson, J. (2007) Management of symbionts to improve growth, product agroforestry systems. 15th International Conference on the Nitrogen Fixation. 21-26 January 2007, Cape Town, South Africa (Oral presentation). okpehai, O. (2007) Agriculture and Health Linkages: Strategies and Challenges. Power-point presentation to the Jomo Kenyatta University students (graduates and Ohiokpehai O. (2007) Soil Fertility, Fertilizer and Nutrition/Health-learning partner for BMGF, Pape presented at the SAC meeting, Harare, Zimbabwe, January, 2007. okpehai, O. (2007) Soybean processing and utilization: an rural households living with HIV. Presented at the ICFMH Food Safety Workshop, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, RSA, 25th November 01 Dec. 2007 okpehai O. (2007) Sustainable School Feeding Program: A way forward for sub-Saharan Africa. Presented at the BMGF Roundtable Discussion on School Feeding Programs. Organised by Rockefeller Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya, 16th 27 f Suba. Paper presented at the International oil Fertility Consortium for Southern Africa (SOFECSA), Ngordoto Mountain Lodge, Arusha, Tanzania, 17-21 September 2007. ., Mbagaya, G., Kamau, J., Kimiywe, J., Mbithe, D. and King’olla, B. (2007) School Feeding: A Way To Mitigating The Impact Of Malnutrition Among oring Arusha, Pali erence in Arusha Ohiokpehai, O., Hongo, T., Kamau, J., Were, G., Kimiywe, J., King’olla, B., Mbithe, D., Oteba, L., Mbagaya, G. and Owuor, O. (2007). Enhancement of Agricultural Production through Nutrition and Health Intervention Demonstrations: Case Study o symposium on ‘Innovation as key to the Green revolution in Africa: exploring the Scientific Facts’ organized by The African Network for Soil Biology and fertility (AfNet) of CIAT-TSBF in collaboration with the S Ohiokpehai, O., Were, G., Owour, O Rural Communities In Suba District, Kenya. Key note address paper presented at the International Conference on From Research to Action: Mitigating HIV/AIDS Impacts on Agriculture and Food Security in West Africa to be held in Cotonou, Benin from 1- 4 October 2007. Okoth, P. F., Murua, E., Sanginga, N., Chianu, J., Mungatu, J. Kimani, P.K. and. Ng’ang’a., J.K. (2007) Some facts about fertilizer use in Africa: the Kenyan case. Paper presented at an International Symposium on “Innovations as Key to the Green Revolution in Africa: Expl the Scientific Facts” organized by The African Network for Soil Biology and Fertility (AfNet) of Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF) institute of CIAT in collaboration with the Soil Fertility Consortium for Southern Africa (SOFECSA), Ngurdoto Mountain Lodge, Tanzania, 17–21 September 2007. , P.N., Delve, R.J., Freyer, B. and Kaaria, S.K. (2007) Impact of different market types on investment in soil management technologies: A case study of Ugandan cotton. AfNet conference, Arusha, September 2007 Pali, P.N, Freyer, B., Kaaria, S. and Delve, R.J. Human capacity development for income generation and sustainable organic market linkages in Uganda. 3rd QLIF Congress “Improving Sustainability in Organic and Low Input Food Production Systems“ Pypers, P., Sanginga, P., Kantengwa, S., Lodi-Lama, J.-P., Musale, K., Mapatano, S., Nabahungu, L., Ngoga, T., Ndayisaba, C., Habitigeko, F., Lunzihirwa, J., Bimponda, W., Lubanga, L., Hangy, T., Sanginga, J.-M., Kasereka, V., Chifizi, A. and Vanlauwe, B. (2007) Agronomic and farmer assessment of new bean and soybean germplasm in Rwanda and DR Congo poster presented at the AfNet Conf 28 Röing, K., Andrén, O., Chibole, L. and Nyambega, L. Application of charcoal to soils in Western and Central Kenya – initial analysis of effect on maize yields and soil properties. Poster. International Symposium, African Network on Soil Biology and Fertility, Arusha, Tanzania, September 17-21, 2007. Sanginga, P.C., Chianu, J., Vanlauwe, B., Bationo, A., Smaling, E., Woomer, P., Mokwunye, U. and Sanginga, N. (2007) Achieving impacts at scale with Integrated Soil Fertility Management Innovations in sub-Saharan Africa: Successes, Lessons and Prospects. Paper presented at an International Symposium on “Innovations as Key to the Green Revolution in Africa: Exploring the Scientific Facts” organized by The African Network for Soil Biology and Fertility (AfNet) of Tropical Soi and Fertility (TSBF) institute of CIAT in collaboration with the Soil Fertility Consortium for rica (SOFECSA), Ngurdoto Mountain Lodge, Arusha, Tanzania, 17–21 September 2 Sanginga, P.C., K E., Ch goru, P. and Ferris, S. (2007) M ilizing oducer marketing groups for sustain d natural resource nagement: Prospects and challenges for achieving impacts at scale with ‘Green Revolution” in Africa. Paper presented at an International S osium on “Innovations as Key to the Green Revolution in Africa: Exploring the Scientific Fac rganize can Network for Soil Biology and rtility et) of Tropical Soil Bio and F F) institute of CIAT in collaboration with the Soil Fertility Consortium for (SOFECSA), Ngurdoto Mountain Lodge, Arusha, Tanzania, 17–21 September 2 Scopel, E., Maltas, A., Corbeels, M., Macena, Da Silva, F.A., Affholder, F., Douzet, J.M., Oliver, R., Schaller, N. and Nunez Cardoso, A. (2007) Dynam et valo tion l’azot ns les systèmes de culture en semi rture étale (SCV) des Cerrados Brésiliens. Presentation at International Congres: Les sols tropicaux en semis direct sous couvertures végétales. Madagascar, 3-7 décembre 2 . (Extended summary). Sonder, K., row, Delve, R. and uki, J. (2007) Using spatial analysis for targeting developm oriented research and scaling-up opportunities. AFRICAGIS 2007 September 17th - 21st, 200 rkina Faso nell, P., beels, M., van W d Giller, K 2007) Si fied mary els of crop pro on to address qu -use i actions a ffici s at f ale. Presentation at International Symposium: Methodologies for Integrated Analysis of Farm Producti ystems, 10-12 September 2007 - Catan Ital la , B ttonell, P., Zingore, S. And Gille .E F lity Gradients and Farmer Typologies in the Context rated Soil Fertilit nt: Evidence from Kenya a Z , 2007, W ik .W anlauwe, B., ra u ra u 7) Genetic diversity y tin y ed with phosphorus and lim as y on Innovations as key to the green revolution in Africa: Exploring the scientific facts. 17-21 September 2007, Arusha, T . l Biology aganzi, Southe 007 ian able rn u, p Af J., rod En uct ob pr ion an ma ymp ts” o logy d by ert the 007 s d T ility ( rn . irec he A t a Afri TSB frica vec Fe de (AfN e da Sou ique vég risa couve 007 Nj . an n r Far ent 7 Bu Cor ducti on S ., Ti ., V A., Titto Van Was ijk est , M ion .T s o .E. ( nter mpli nd e sum encie mod arm–scesource ia, Sicily, . (2007) Soil y Manageme enhausen i, N.W., Mume promiscuous so sites in Ken y erti , L.M. a bean var a. Intern uwe imbabwe. Tropentag, October 9-11 e, V r, K itz nga g ting of I W rhi e i an nteg achi zob n zan nd eur, D. (200 soils amend onference , F no c Po ., M dula ontr ster) nd Les ieties in ational C of brad ia two ia ( 29 30 Zingore, S., Gonzalez-Estrada, E. Delve, R.J. Herrero, M. J., Dimes, P. and Giller, K.E. Evaluation of resource management options for African smallholder farms using an integrated modelling approach. Farming Systems Design conference, Italy Zingore, S., Masvaya, E.N., Nyamangara, J., Delve, R.J. and Giller, K.E. Challenges for replenishing soil fertility in depleted fields: evidence from long-term trials in Zimbabwe. AfNet conference, Arusha, September 2007 Articles in conference proceedings: Chianu, J., Huising, J., Danso, S., Okoth, P. and Sanginga, N. (in press) Economic Evaluation of the on of Below Ground Biodiversity: Case Study of Biological Nitrogen Fixation by l conference on ‘Innovations as Key to the n Af : Ex ing Facts’, Arusha, Tanzania, 17 – 2 eptember 2007 Huising, E. J.and Okoth, P. (in press) Exploring b w ground y and related ec stem services: prospects and perspectives. In proceedings of the 23rd conference of the Soil Science Society of East Africa, 20-24 November 2006 (to be published in March 2008) Jefwa, J., Ruto, M. L., Elsen, A., Kahangi, E., van Asten, P., Losenge, T., Mwajita, M., Vanlauwe, B., anging . A cula ycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in the rhizosphere of bananas in farming ystems of central Kenya ster prese ion a AFNET S posium, Aru , 2007. L A., M eni, Sanginga, P.C., Delve, R.J., Matsiko, F. Miiro, R. ( pital nd ado of fert management techniques in Toror istrict, Uga In Bati , A., aswa, Kihara, J. and Kimetu J. ( Adva in integra soil fertility ageme sub aharan ica: leng nd ort Mnyazi, J. J., Khayota, B., Ngugi, G., Otieno, V., Musila, W and Okoth, S. Biodiversity and utilization of edible mushrooms by f t margin communities of the lowland coastal forest of Kenya. Oral presentation at the World Fungi Conference 10th -16th Dec. 2007 Muzira, R., Kabale farmer groups, Pa ., Sanginga, P.C. and Delve, R.J. (2007) Farmers articipa in soil fertility m em research process. D illtops aba ga 20 In tiono Waswa, B., Kihara J. and Kimetu J., (eds) dvanc n in ated il lit anag nt in sub Saharan Africa: challenges and rtunities. Okoth, S., Jefwa, J.M., Karanj ., Kah , J., oth, P. and Wa xplo e ntia bene l soil i to en e pr agricultural sys p n e A T osium a, 2 . a, P K ., Mu , D J a ) Re ce onsum yst S M t vat t et Op h etu Eds. es in a: s ni Contributi Rhizobia. In proceedings of the internationa Revolution i Green osy rica plor the Scientific 1 S elo biodiversit S s ule, a W S a, N angh ption B., Afr rbus M., soil chal r M . Po ility es a ntat eds) unities. rt the nces ym and o D ted sha 2007) Socia nda. man l ca ono nt in opp ores li, P ent Ba y m p h A tion in K es i anag 07. ferti ilemma in rehabilitating degraded le, U tegr nda. so , A., eme oppo pote at th Sanging The Inno Kim and opp a, N fung , Ar zira ptio por inte indi hanc 007 elve R em: A . In A soil fe Muya, E. oductivit .J., Vanlauw Framewor ndre Batio rtility mana , Ok y in e, B., Chianu, k for Linking no, Boaz Waswa gement in sub S chira, P. E tems. Oral . and Sanging oil Fertility , Job Kihara aharan Afric ring th resentatio , N. (2007 anagemen and Josep challenge l of FNE .C., sour ions ortu ficia Symp aaria, S s-to-C o Mark Advanc ties. ush , R. n S tunities grated 12. ANNEX 2: LIST OF PROPOSALS FUNDED TSBF-Africa - N SBF B ODES - 2007 ew proposals approved in 2007 ACTIVE T UDGET C Budget Code Donor TOTAL BUDGET Principal Scientist / rdinator Title Coo ETS CORE BUDG 1 TS01 CIAT 8,800.00 Sanginga Integration CIAT-TSBF Holdback 2 a TS02 CIDA-Funds to Africa CIDA 203,800.00 Sanging 3 a TS10 USAID's Funds to TSBF USAID 59,000.00 Sanging 4 TSA25 MOFA - France 27,293.00 Didier France CIRAD Scientist TS RESTRICTED PROJEC 5 TSA30 e on ICRISAT (11,925.00) Bationo ICRISAT- Desert Margins Programme with GEF Local Areas on Biological Diversity with Relevanc to Climate Change and the Reducti of Land Degradation in the desert Margin Areas 6 TSA33 RIUP-Preperation of proformas for validated outputs Use of social capital to improve NRM NRI 13,877.00 Pascal 7 TSA34 Accelerating Prosperity of Rural Communities in the Umatara Province in Rwanda IFAD 78,375.00 Vanlauwe 8 TSA36 IDRC - Community-Based Interactive Learning and its Application to Soil Fertility Management (Kenya) Phase II IDRC 64,468.00 Ramisch 31 stern s AATF - Striga Control in We Kenya: Raising Awareness, Containing and Reducing the Infestation and Developing Strategie for Eradication AATF 12,119.00 Vanlauwe 9 TSA38 10 TSA39 CNFA 141,167.00 Delve Rural livelihood Diversified soil fertility 11 TSA42 KILIMO 157,300.00 Delve Scalling up livelihood impacts through farmer organization and access to market 12 TSA44 Arusha Wkshop on green revolution IIE 5,000.00 Bationo 13 elve TSA49 Others-Income and Operation Expenses Zimbabwe CIAT D 14 TSA51 g B&M GATES 199,525.00 B & M Gates- Soil fertility Learnin Partnership reimbursement Sanginga 15 TSA53 d proving the Health olds in Kenya Ohiokpehai RF - Soybean Processing an Utilization for Im and Nutrition of Rural Househ HIV/AIDS affected areas of RF 127,651.00 16 tivity, TSA54 FARA-Increasing the Produc stability, sustainability and profitability of smallholder agriculture in vulnerable Production Systems through more efficient use of water and nutrients FARA (40,048.00) Delve 17 TSA56 RF - Soybean Processing and Utilization for Improving the Heal and Nutrition of Rural Households HIV/AIDS affected areas of Kenya- PHASE 2 th in RF 201,400.00 Ohiokpehai 18 TSA58 IFDC - Combating S Decline to Implem oil Fertility lholder ent smal Agricultural Intensification in Sub- IFDC 309,721.00 Delve 32 Saharan Africa 19 TSA63 d $ Crop University 39,080.00 WOTRO-More Cropping Per Dropping: Optimizing the Water an Nitrogen use efficiency Residue Management for Water Conservation Agriculture Wageningen Vanlauwe 20 TSA64 AUSTRIA 52,031.00 Delve AUSTRIA - Linking Farmers to Markets. Developing Sustainable Marketing Systems to Improve the Competitiveness of Small Holder Organic Agriculture 21 TSA67 y in Systems in AUSTRIA 244,085.00 Delve Increasing Total Farm Productivit Vulnerable Production Mozambique through Improved Germplasm Water and Nutrient use efficiencies 22 Nutrient Use ent for Water Conservation TSA69 Evaluation of Efficiency and Crop Residue Managem under Conservation Agriculture JIRCAS 2,100.00 Bationo 23 TSA70 n te ols Ecosystem of California 10,920.00 Vanlauwe UCLA - The Interaction Betwee Resource Quality and Aggrega Turnover Contr Nitrogen and Carbon Cycling University 24 TSA71 A1 FAO 11,083.00 Ritu FAO Activities in the framework of strategy 25 TSA73 Fertilizer Micro Dosing and Drought Tolerant Varieties Technology Transfer for small Farmer prosperity in the Sahel CERAAS 2,905.00 Bationo 26 TSA75 Promoting Use of Indigenous Phosphate rock for Soil Recapitalization Fertility in Sahel CERAAS 2,478.00 Bationo 33 27 TSA79 ICRISAT-Combining Water Harvesting Techniques and Nutrient Management to sustain food Production in the dry lands of West Africa ICRISAT o 6,238.00 Bation 28 TSA80 nd sin ICRISAT o ICRISAT - Enhancing Rainwater a Nutrient Use Efficiency for Improved Crop Productivity, farm Income and lta BaRural Livelihoods in the Vo 16,402.00 Bation 29 TSA81 RF - Exploring the multiple potentials of soybeans in enhancing rural livelihoods and small Industry in East Africa RF 140,300.00 Chianu 30 TSA83 e o ICRISAT 40,000.00 Building adaptive capacity to cop with increasing vulnerability due t climate change 31 TSA84 RF 173,856.00 Bationo RF-TSBF/Integrated Soil Fertility Management in the Tropics Sanginga/ 32 TSA85 RF BANANA RF 36,262.00 Vanlauwe 33 TSA87 ARUSHA WKSOP on green IDRC Bationo revolution 42,200.00 34 TSA89 RF - Exploring the multiple potentials of soybeans in enhancing rural livelihoods and small Industry in East Africa RF 64,553.00 Chianu 35 TSA90 DGDC - Enhancing the resilience of agro-ecosystems in Central Africa: A strategy to revitalize agriculture through the integration of natural resource management coupled to resilient germplasm and marketing approaches DGIC 991,447.00 Vanlauwe 36 TSA91 ARUSHA WKSOP CIDA 64,701.00 Bationo 37 TSA93 UNEP - Conservation and Sustainable Management of Below- UNEP - Kenya 2,678,296.00 Huising 34 Ground Biodiversity 38 TSA94 AATF - Control the Striga weed in Parts of SSA through the use of IR Maize Technology AATF 20,480.00 Sanginga/ Vanlauwe 39 TSA95 Use of Mycorrhizal Fungi to Improve Banana Tissue Culture and as a Component of ISFM for Banana Production in Kenya and Uganda RF 13,081.00 Vanlauwe 40 Saharan Africa TSA96 IDRC -Strengthening the capacity for research and development to enhance natural resources management and improve rural livelihoods in Sub- IDRC 245,945.00 Bationo TSA97 adaptive capacity of local ate 36, ationo Exploring measures to enhance the communities to pressures of clim change UoZim 209.00 B 41 42 TSA98 g s gradati Africa IPGRI 30, Over comin oil de on in 807.00 Vanlauwe 43 Going to scale: Developing strategies f out et-orie organic from farmer group associate level 120,TSA99 or scaling mark nted to Austria 007.00 Delve NEW PROJECTS AS AT F 2007 END O 44 TSB39 I under ding an Integrated Soil Fertilit Management in Africa: Publication of a Reference Manual F ncreased application of stan d y Gates oundation 181,055.00 SANGINGA 45 TSB47 Con tion A to Improve Land Productiv Profitability among Smallholder Farmers in Western Kenya K T Promoting serva griculture ity and ILIMO RUST 5,554.00 Bationo 35 46 52 Application of isotopic techniques to enhance water use efficiencies in s irr n syste water and nutrient limiting conditions I 16,TSB mallholder igatio ms under AEA 000.00 Delve 47 Efficient water and nutrient use in real grains sy tems in ma ket based conservation agriculture syste 500, 0.00 Delve TSB82 ce s r ms IITA SSA-CP 00 48 TSB90 Enhancing Grain Legumes y, o of ahara h Asia I M Productivit and Producti incomes of Poor Farmers in Drought- n and the prone Areas and Sout Sub-S n Africa CRISAT- B & Gates 339,742.00 Chianu 49 TSB92 Improving Farmers Livelihoods through the Adoption of Legume Restoration Technologies in Kenya, Uganda and ,Based Soil Fertility Tanzania OPEC 25 000.00 Bationo 7,710,340. TOTAL 00 36 13. ANNEX 3: LIST OF STUDENTS 2007 Name Nationality Degree Kibiby Mtenga Tanzanian PhD Second year Cornell University and Soil Fertility Management in Malawi: A ity i r f Natural pplied Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria Pamela Pali Ugandan PhD First year student University of Natural Resources and Applied Life KU), Vienna, mpact of Organic Agriculture in Uganda: Improving ivelihoods through Sustainable Natural Resource ne r ienna, r atural Life Status Institution Research theme Gender student Participatory Analysis of Farmers’ Incentives to Re-invest in Soil Fertility Management Innovations by Women and Men Farmers Peter Ebanyat Ugandan PhD First year student, Wageningen Univers Dynamics of Soil Organic Matter and Nitrogen in Farmer Field Schools generated Integrated Soil Fertility Management Practices (draft title). Elisabeth Gotsch Austrian PhD First yea student University o Resources and A Social Capital in Smallholder Marketing Groups in Sofala Province, Mozambique. Sciences (BO Austria I L Management Linking FarmJackson Tumwi Ugandan PhD First yea student University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), V Austria ers to Market: Challenges and Opportunities of Improving Rural Livelihoods for Communities affected by HIV/AIDS in Uganda Charles Walaga Ugandan PhD Second yea student University of N Resources and Applied Organic agriculture development and livelihood improvement in Uganda: Future scenarios and policy measures 37 Sciences (BOKU), Vienn Austria a, bian any jor Twente, , Uganda r Achilles Ugandan MSc First year -economic impact of organic arming on the livelihood of small- scale farmers in Uganda ntegrating Legumes in the Farming Systems of Eastern Kenya to Enhance Soil Fertility’ s enyan Comparative Analysis of the Production Potential and Efficiency of Cotton, Soybean, Maize and Sugarcane in ru hanaian nfluence of Organic esource Quality and Quantity’ a iversity xploring options, analysing tradeoffs and deriving indicators f efficiency for integrated nutrient management in mallholder farming systems of East Africa’ o n y of California Exploring how organic and mineral nutrient combinations nteract to regulate nutrient cycling’ bo Telesphoret Ndabamenya Rwandese PhD Continuing University of Pretoria source Competition and Juan Cobo Colom PhD First Year Hohenheim, Germ Spatial and temporal management of nutrient and water d Mozambique resources in Zimbabwe an a Brian Ssebuny an Ugand MSc First year re University Makere Comparative advantage of Uganda’s fresh produce in ma export markets. A case of certified organic fruits and vegetables Comparison of participatory approaches in Uganda Wouter Ton Dutch MSc New student University Netherlands Makerere UniversityGrace Agwaru Ugandan MSc Second year Assessing Approaches And Developing Methods For Presentation Of Research Results To Farmers Within Their Livelihood Situations: A Case Study In Soroti And Arua Districts Dick Lufafa Kiwanka Ugandan MSc Second yea Makerere University, Uganda Makerere University On-farm comparison of the economic profitability of selected dual-purpose live barriers. Second year Environmental and socio f Jacintha Kimiti Kenyan PhD Continuing Kenyatta University I Charles Collin Ong’aro Ogwan’g K Msc Continuing Maseno University A Mumias District. Monicah Muche Kenyan PhD Continuing Kenyatta University N Dynamics as affected by soil fertility status and nutrient replenishment inputs in the central highlands of Kenya’ ustaining Crop Productivity: The iEdward Yeboah G PhD 2004-2007 University of Ghana S R Pablo Tittonell Argentin PhD Completed Wageningen Un E o s Pauline Nham Zimbabwea PhD Continuing Universit i Judith Odhiam Kenyan Continuing Egerton University Effect of selected legume species on germination of Striga hermonthica seeds: a control strategy in maize Interactions Between Soil Fertilty and Plant Groth Environment as Affected by Re 38 Density Plantingin Banana (Musa sp Systems in Rwanda ) – Based Cropping oroge Mburu er Diploma lytechnic Clemence Cantoni French Msc Completed Sup Agro Montpellier-ESI d for pastoral people. Alice Murage Kenyan PhD Continuing Egerton University ays of Disseminating the Micheal Ochieng Kenyan MSc Completed of Agriculture and technology ment, pests and diseases and the growth and yields of Justin Muriuki Kenyan MSc 2005-2006 ologies lds of Mr. Tom Hongo Amolo Kenyan MSc Continuing Kenyatta University dren (6 mo-59 months) in sity re ffected Children In Fishing and Harrison Githinji Kenyan MSc 2005-2007 Moi University rganic residues on crop Dilys Kpongor Ghanaian PhD Continuing nn Germany rsity nt regimes imetu USA Harrison Nj Kenyan High Completed The Kenya Po Use of Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis as a Molecular Tool to Characterize Soil Microbes Agronomical Surveys of Turkana Villages for Gum Arabic Business. It is the way forwar Agnes Kavoo Kenyan MSc Continuing Kenyatta University Interactions between resource quality, aggregate turnover, and C and N cycling in the Central Highlands of Kenya’ Evaluation to the Different Pathw Push and Pull Technology. On-farm interaction between soil fertility factors, farmer manage Jomo Kenyatta University banana in Maragwa district, Kenya Economic evaluation of organic and inorganic technKenyatta University for soil nutrient enhancement in Mukuuni and Murugi, Central Kenya’ Marion Ng’ang’a Kenyan MSc Continuing Moi University Vegetable Legume Intercrop Development for Nutrition and Sustainability of HIV/AIDS Affected Rural Househo Kenya Effect of Soybean Enriched Diet on Nutrition and Health Status of HIV+ and exposed Chil Suba District Kenya. Joyce Kamau (MSc) Kenyan MSc Continuing Kenyatta Univer Effect of soybean (Glycine max) supplementation on nutritional status of children aged 6-9 years from HIV/AIDS affected households in Suba District Gertrude We Kenyan PhD Continuing Moi University Effect Of Soybean Enriched Diet On The Nutrition And Health Of HIV Infected & A Farming areas in Suba District, Kenya. Effects of conservation tillage and o productivity Evaluation of the best-bet soil fertility restoration technologies in Northern Nigeria ZEF, Univ. of Bo Michael Misiko Kenyan PhD Completed Wageningen Unive Knowledge and networks: Challenges and opportunities for scaling up integrated soil fertility manageme Joseph K Kenyan PhD Continuing Cornel University, Restoration of Soils in Western Kenya Using Manure and Tithonia diversifolia 39 Abdoulaye Saley Kanako Suz Nigerien PhD C outh A uki Japan PhD Continuing Kyoto University an Bolaños Colombian PhD Continuing n resistance in common bean - horus adaptation in Brachiaria ian candidate genes responsible for adaptation of tropical forage grass, Brachiaria to low phosphorus soils er an a pan ngo , Hawaii tment, University of Nairobi u iger wa Edwin Rotich Kenyan MSc Continuing Moi University many kira D i Victor Soyabean [Glycine bia Strains and Their Kariuki Felix Kenyan Bsc Continuing Nairobi University. ontinuing North West Univ. S Screening forage legumes for adaptation to drought in the dry lands of South Africa Assessment of organic nutrient uptake in Pearl millet in Niger Nelson Castañeda Martha Colombi PhD Continuing University of Goettingen National University Genotypic variation in P acquisition & utilization in A. pintoi Role of soil enzymes in vegetable banana production systems Andres Rangel Annabé Louw Colombia South PhD PhD Continuing ontinuing Hiversity of Hannover THZ Mechanisms of aluminum Mechanisms of low phosp Gaume Alvaro Rincon African Colomb C E PhD Continuing National University Integration of maize with forages to recuperate degraded pastures in the Llanos of Colombia dentification of Sergio Mejia Colombian PhD Continuing National University I Jose Jaum Ricaurte Colombi MSc Continuing National University Impact of aluminium tolerant Brachiaria genotypes on soil quality characteristics of an oxisol of the altillanura of the Meta Department of Colombia Market and demand for soybean by food processing industries and supermarkets in Kenya Ms. Lucy Njaramb Kenyan M.A. Continuing Institute of Development Studies (IDS), University of Nairobi Sato Junko o Japanese PhD Continuing Kyoto University Ja Miriam Gith Kenyan MSc Continuing Nairobi University/ University of Florida Borlaug Scholarship Ms. SIdibe Diarra PhD Continuing University University of Bonn Job Kihara Kenyan PhD Continuing Conservation Tillage: Understanding the Biophysical Processes Affecting its Effectiveness Ex-ante adoption potential of seven technological options for improving ecosystem services in Kenya Mr. Amek Tom Kenyan M.A. Completed Economics Depar Adamou Abdo Helen Anyanz Kenyan MSc MSc Continuing Continuing University of Niamey, N Moi University S. Some Kamidodzono Burkinabe Japanese Ph PhD Continuing ZEF, Univ. of Bonn Ger JIRCAS A Fatondji Doubedj Sakko Mori Japanese PhD PhD Completed Continuing University of Bonn, Germany JIRCAS Wasike Kenyan PhD Continuing Egerton University. Genetic Diversity of Dual – Purpose max (L.) Merr.], Indigenous Bradyrhizo Potential to Fix Nitrogen in Kenya. Investigating the VAM Root Infection in Soyabean. 40 Musyoki Mary Kenyan Msc Continuing Kenyatta University nd bio-functioning. se diversite de rhizombiums et leur le de la foret Margaret Mwangi Kenyan Msc Continuing Kenyatta University and mycorrhizae on owth and disease management in tea cuttings, tomato seedlings and napier grass cuttings ontinuing ty of technology ycorrhizal status of improved cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) cultivars in different fertilizer regimes in western Kenya ohn Nyaga Kenyan Bsc Continuing Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and technology Diversity Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in tissue cultured banana Murua Elizabeth Kenyan Msc Continuing Kenyatta University Nitrogen Inputs Knowledge in the Management of Highly Degraded Soils in Chakol,Teso District, Kenya Alfred Nyambane Kenyan Msc Continuing Kenyatta University Determination of Genetic Co-efficient of Dual Purpose Soybean and their Agro-ecological Potential in Kenya Anne Frayer French Msc Completed ENGREF-ENSTIB 3 Charcoal Burning in Isiolo District, Kenya. Estimation of Charcoal Burners’ Activity and Consequences for the Local Natural Resource in Acacia Trees Faith W. Wanjau Kenyan Msc Continuing Moi University The Influence of Charcoalon Soil Fauna and Soil Fertility in Central and Western Kenya. Esther K. Muema Kenyan Msc Continuing Moi University Comparative Effects of Different Quality Organic Resources on Soil Microbial Diversity Under Two Different Environments in Kenya. John Ojiem Kenyan PhD Completed Wageningen University Niche-Based Approach to Soil Fertility Improvement by Legumes in Western Kenya. Fulgence Joseph Muhili Tanzanian PhD Continuing Purdue University Grain Legume Trade and Marketing in Eastern and Southern Africa: Spatial and Temporal Analysis. Johnstone Kennedy Oyango Kenyan Msc Continuing Nairobi University Assessment of Factors Affecting the Use and Management of Plant Organic Resources in Soil Fertility Management. The case of Meru South District, Kenya. Josephat Mugabo Rwanda PhD Continuity Katholieke University, Leuven, Belgium Agriculture Intensification Under High Population Pressure in Rwanda: An Analysis of Fertilizer Policy and Legume- Based Systems Economic Incentives. Justina Chianu Nigerian Msc Completed Ibadan University Livelihoods Activities and Poverty Among Rural Households in the Farming Systems of Western Kenya. Odongo Nicodemus Ochieng Kenyan MA Continuing Nairobi University Demand for Soybeans: A Case Study of Livestock Feed Industry in Nairobi. Soil microbiology a FAYE Aliou Senegale Msc Completed IRD-Senegal Cotribution a l’etude de la impact sur la fertilite du sol sous un peuplement naturel d’ Acacia nilotica subsp tomentosa willd: exemp classee de Diara au Senegal. Effects of Trichorderma hirzianum gr Thomas Ondara Kenyan Msc C Jomo Kenyatta Universi Agriculture and M J 41 42 Bonyo Seline Odhiambo Kenyan Msc Continuing Maseno University A Comparative Economic Analysis of Maize, Soybean, Sugarcane and Tobacco Enterprises in the Farming Systems of Uriri Division, Rongo District, Kenya. Miriti Justin Kirimi Kenyan Msc Continuing Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and technology Influence of Inorganic Fertilizer and Micronutrients on Yield and Quality Attributes of Tissue Culture Banana (Musa sp), ratoon Crop. Mary Nyawira Kenyan PhD Continuing Wageningen University Mycorrhiza (Glomerin). Juma Robinson Kenyan Msc Continuing Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and technology Effects of Mixed Isolates of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi on the Field Establishment and Growth of Tissue CultureBananas Edward Rurangwa Rwandese Msc Continuing Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and technology Florence Kyallo Kenyan PhD Continuing Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and technology Overweight and Obesity Among School Children (6-11) in Nairobi: Risk Factors and Potential Intervention Judith Okoth Okello Kenyan PhD Continuing Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and technology Utilizing Soybean and Local Staples (Cassava) to Enhance the Nutritional Status of Under Five Year Old Children in Western and Kaloleni, Kenya. Edgar Kadenge Kenyan Bsc Completed Egerton University Farmer Groups and Agricultural Knowledge and Extension Sarah Atuto Kenyan Bsc Continuing Egerton University Community Facilitation Through Farmer Groups Job Ogoda Kenyan Msc Continuing Egerton University Geoffrey Okello Ugandan Msc Continuing Makerere University Socio-Economic Determinants of Within-Farm Soil Fertility Gradients in Western Kenya Muke Manzehele Congolese MSc Continuing University of Kinshasa Technologies to Improve Agricultural Production and Soil Conservation and Scoping Land in Sud-Kivu Julie Lunzihirwa Congolese MSc Continuing University of Kinshasa The Impact of Beans and Groundnut Channels on the Productivity and Agricultural Income of Thousands in Cataract Region Rachel Zozo Conglese MSc Continuing University of Kinshasa Assessing the Socio-Economic Importance of Legumes on the Livelihoods of Farmers at Mugogo and Mudaka Markets in Ngleshe and Katana Axes, DRC. Leon Nabahuuzu Rwandese PhD Continuing Wageningen University Comparing Claims of Wetlands in Eastern Rwanda: Challenges and Opportunities. Nutrient deficiencies in Soils of Lalungu, South Kivu, DRC Roberta Gentille Canadian PhD Continuing University of California, Davis. Impacts of Roots on Soil Organic Matter Aggregates and Nitrogen Cycling. Isabella Vandeplas Belgian PhD Continuing Katholiek University, Leuven Production in Farmer Groups in Kenya Benjamin Kiborr Kenyan PhD Continuing Wageningen University Exploring Diversity and Adoption of Agro forestry Technologies in Mixed Crop - Livestock Smallholder 43 Farming in Kenya. Fredrick Ayuke Kenyan PhD Continuing Wageningen University Soil Fauna and Aggregates Judith Odhiambo Kenyan Continuing Egerton University Effect of selected legume species on germination of Striga hermonthica seeds: a control strategy in maize Lele Bonaventure Congolese Msc Continuing University of Kinshasa Technologies to Improve Agricultural Production in Cassava- Legume Intercropping Systems Joachim Vansteenkiste Belgian Msc Catholic University of Leuven Charles Bucagu PhD Wageningen University Mary Koech Kenyan PhD Moi University