the consultative group on international agricultural research technical advisory committee report of the third external program review of the centro international de la papa (CIP) tat secretariat FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS This report comprises: (4 03 Extract from: “Summary of Proceedings and Decisions”, CGIAR Mid-Term Meeting 1990, The Hague, 22 - 25 May 1990 Letter from TAC Chairman to the CGIAR Chairman, transmitting TAC Commentary TAC Commentary on CIP External Review Reports the (4 Cd) (e) CIP’ s Response to the Third External Program Review Report Transmittal Letter from Panel Chairman to TAC Chairman Report of the Third External Program Review of the Centro lnternacional de la Papa (CIP) Conclusions and Recommendations of the External Management Review of the Centro lnternacional de la Papa (CIP) (Page 91 of the Report) (9 (9) THE CONSULTATIVEGROUPON INTERNATIONAL AGRICULJTURAL RESEARCH TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE REPORTOF THE THIRD EXTERNAL PROGRAMREVIEWOF THE CEWI'ROINTERNACIONAL DE LAPAPA (CIP) TAC SECRETARIAT FOODAND AGRICULTOREORGANIZATIONOF THEi UNITED NATIONS October 1990 Condtative Mailing Group on International Address: Agricdtural Research U.S.A. 1818 H Street, N.W.. Washington, D.C. 20433, Office Location: 801 19th Street, N.W. Telephone (Area Code 202) 473-8951 Cable Address--1NTBAFRAD Fax (Area Code 202) 334-8750 From: The Secretariat July 1990 Consultative Group Meeting May 22 - 25 1990 The Hague, The Nhtherfands CIP - External Program and Management Reviews A/ Throughout the presentations and discussion, CIP’ s national and international staff were commended for the dedication and commitment they displayed while continuing to work in difficult circumstances. Introducing the program review, Mr. William Tossell, Chairman of the external program review panel, described CIP as a strong, productive center with an impressive record of achievement that merits CIP is creative and innovative, with the continued support of donors. a high quality of scientific achievement. The panel’ s suggestions were meant to help further strengthen an already strong center. CIP itself had recognized the need for remodelling, by initiating a process of self-study and, thereafter, formulating proposals for change. One of CIP’ s strong points, Mr. Tossell said, was the relationship it had established with developing countries. Training programs carried out primarily in developing countries, a sustained process of decentralization , and CIP’ s truly collaborative style of operations helped to forge this relationship. Mr. Tossell said that CIP had continued to draw on the knowledge of the world’ s leading scientists through conferences at which specific research activities were planned, and through collaborative research. An area which required strengthening, he said, was the flow of germplasm generated by CIP to developing countries. This was an important consideration, relevant to CIP’ s impact, because germplasm is central to CIP’ s activities. -------- ------------------___II___________ -1/ Extract from "Summary of Proceedings and Decisions", CGIAR Mid-Term Meeting, The Hague, The Netherlands. iv Summarizing the panel’ s main recommendations, said they fell into three broad areas: Mr. Tossell 1. Strategic planning and program design-CIP could benefit from more comprehensive and intensive planning, and from creating a This would enable the center to make fully-developed strategic plan. the necessary adjustments in the distribution of its resources between to develop a long-term program for sweet potatoes and sweet potatoes, potato, to ensure that an impact orientation permeates all its special attention; research, and to give sustainability considerations 2. Research organizationSome changes in research management had already been made, on the basis of CIP’ s self-study. More changes were called for in relation to priority setting, resource allocation, program design, program review, and impact assessment. The center should institute a period of 3. Consolidation-consolidation, giving itself time to continue the processes of change already underway, and time to refine its policies on many important issues such as research management and collaborative research. Mr. Lowell Hardin, Chairman of the external management panel, an innovator, a lean, dynamic and described CIP as a pacesetter, However, CIP faced several important productive organization. challenges, and he would outline these to the Group. transition successor. The first challenge is that from management under its of preparing itself for the founding Director General to his CIP itself recognized that it has been over-dependent on its and, as the panel described him, authoritarian strong, successful AS a result, the center could not develop participatory leader. management systems and procedures. CIP now confronted the task of overhauling its management system and strengthening team work. structure, The second is to simplify and unify CIP’ s organizational a point which the program review had also addressed. CIP lacks a clear commodity focus, with too many ,thrusts and Staff and line responsibilities are unclear. The departments. linkage of programs to budget is sometimes fuzzy. Serious problems exist in linking regional (decentralized) investigations to the relevant research thrust back at headquarters. The panel felt strongly that CIP should modify its and recommended that the.center should organizational structure, consider creating the position of Deputy Director General for Research. The third challenge is that of drawing up an updated, clearly articulated, well reasoned, center-wide strategy. In this connection, it should be noted that CIP had begun work on the preparation of a strategic plan. Timing was an important element because of the transition ahead. There is merit in providing for the strategic plan to have the new Director General’ s imprint before it is completed. V Fourth, Mr. Hardin continued, is the challenge of utilizing the time and talents of CIP’ s Board of Trustees more effectively. The Board now had 12 members, up from the previous 10, and was handling well such responsibilities as the selection of a new It should go on to re-orient itself and refashion .Di rector General. its working style, taking on direct responsibility for policy considerations and broad macro-governance issues. The fifth and final challenge is that of upgrading procedures for managing CIP’ s human, financial, and physical resources. Many aspects of management at CIP-- such as prudent financing, and a positive approach to the employment of women-- are budget and commendable. But CIP needs a program and project-oriented cost accounting system, a performance planning and review system for staff, and greater administrative support for regional offices. Mr. McCalla said that TX endorsed the reviews, and supported the commendations they gave CIP. TAC agreed, too, that CIP should pay more attention to sustainability issues, that further study is needed of the impact of CIP and national programs in potato improvement, and that CIP’ s progress towards developing a strategic plan is welcome. TX appreciated the sensitive management issues were addressed. but forthright manner in which Mr. David Call, Chairman of CIP’ s Board of Trustees, reported on several activities initiated by the Board that would help the center to deal with the historic change due to take place when the Director General retires on April 30, 1991. These included the center’ s internal review and, separately, a self-study of the Board of Trustees. CIP’ s internal review had made a number of proposals for change consistent with what the external review later suggested, and many of these had already been implemented. The center has also been working on a strategic plan, and a draft is ready for review by the new Director General. In a more general comment on the review process, Mr. Call said that on the basis of CIP’ s experience he was convinced that an internal review, or an internal review combined with a reduced management review, was likely to be more cost-effective than an external management review as currently conducted in the CGIAR system. Mr. Richard Sawyer, CIP’ s Director General, noted that the external management review panel had referred to the CIP Director General as an authoritarian, and considered that to be a negative attribute. He acknowledged that he was an authoritarian, Mr. Sawyer said, arguing that it took an authoritarian approach in the early 1970s to build an international center which deviated from the “foundation model”. That deviation had resulted in several positive developments. CIP’ s physical plant was built up over 20 years at a cost of some $3 million, and maintenance costs are a fraction of those borne by vi Furthermore, CIP’ s decentralized approach had placed other centers. it closer to national programs in developing countries than any other center. Mr. Sawyer also referred to discrepancies the recommendations of the current program review predecessor -- over just a few years. of approach between and those from its External reviews, he added, were pushing the centers in general into a type of conformity, a type of bureaucracy, at the expense of research. He commended CIP’ s internal review process. Dealing with with data from the US new variety of potato consuming and complex the question of impact, Mr. and the Netherlands that the from research into farmers’ than the comparable process Sawyer explained process of moving a fields is more time for cereals. few years but is way ahead crop,, Mr. Sawyer CIP is only 20 years old and spent its first developing a world collection to preserve germplasm, of the normal schedule for a vegetatively propagated said. Commenting on the flow of germplasm to developing countries, he pointed out that there is now a steady stream of materials coming out of the CIP research pipeline for adaptation by the national CIP would keep better track in the future of where its programs. material is used. Mr. Sawyer concluded his remarks with a personal plea to donors that they should protect the international agricultural research system which was the only glowing light on a horizon dominated by problems and difficulties. “You cannot let this light burn out, ” he said. The Group commended CIP for its linkages with other branches the global research system, both “downstream” and “upstream”. CIP’ s relations with national research systems in developing countries were exemplary. of At the same time, CIP had established a good record of contractual and collaborative research through which the strength advanced research institutions was harnessed for the benefit of developing countries. of In their general discussion of the external reviews and the comments from center management, several delegates raised the issue of Their comments were set in the broad context of the need for impact. donors to be regularly and fully informed about the extent to which research financed by them was actually having an impact on productivity in developing countries. Impact analysis might be difficult, but it was essential. In the case of CIP, it was acknowledged that the propagation It was agreed, too, that in assessing CIP’ of potato takes time. s impact due care should be taken to give credit to the national systems with and through whom CIP worked. That did not, however, eliminate the need for closer scrutiny of how and where CIP's material was being used. Vii CIP was urged to pay more attention to sustainability issues. Unless close attention was paid to the problems of soil degradation when potato production is undertaken in areas without a potato tradition, the advantages of productivity could be offset by environmental loss. A vigorous reaffirmation of the external review process combined with suggestions for improvement emerged from the discussion. Delegates felt that the review process had come a long way from its somewhat hesitant beginning and, undoubtedly, would grow even stronger as those who planned and carried out reviews learned from past experience. Currently, it was pointed out, reviews looked at institutions, but they should be alert to individual capacities as well because a continuous process of peer review would encourage scientific quality. Several delegates said that external reviews paid inadequate attention to gender issues at CGIAR centers. Others felt that the cost-effectiveness of reviews should be re-examined and appropriate changes made without delay. Encapsulating the spirit said that in an organization which hierarchical management structure, function in giving guidance to the of the comments made, Mr. Thalwitz has neither a charter nor a external reviews play a central components of the system. Reviews enable the shareholders of the CGIAR to maintain their confidence in the system and to continue supporting international agricultural research. Mr. McCalla said that due note would be taken of suggestions for improving the external review process. TAC would also continue its role of harmonizing the interests of donors and centers so that reviews would always be transparent, exhaustive, and fair. CON5ULUT-fV.b GKOUt' ON IW-EKNATIONAL AGKICUKKAL TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE IU3.ARCH Alex F. P.ic’ .hl~~ Chair 28 March 1990 Dear Dr. Hopper, It is my pleasure to transmit to you the report of the Third External Program Review of CIP which was conducted during November/ December 1989 under the Chairmanship of Dr. W illiam E. Tossell. The report was considered, together with that of the External Management Review, in the presence of its Chairman, Dr. Lowell Hardin, at the 51st Meeting of TAC in Rome in March 1990. CIP was represented by Dr. David Call, Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Dr. Richard L. Sawyer, Director-General, and other members of senior management. TAC was impressed with the high quality of the reports which provide a comprehensive analysis of CIP's programs, priorities and management. The Committee noted that the Centre had developed an elaborate change plan as a result of its self-study and was in the process of revising its strategy. Further, it noted that the Board of Trustees and Management were in broad agreement with most of the recommendations made by the Review Panels. TAC has also generally endorsed the recommendations and looks forward to further interaction with CIP on the strategic plan. CIP enjoys good relations with its host country, with its partners in national programmes, and with other research institutions. TAC encouraged CIP to maintain a dialogue with AVRDC regarding their future collaboration on sweet potato. The TAC commentary, together with CIP's interim response to the Reviews, are attached. While recognizing the significant advances in research made by CIP on potato, TAC nevertheless concurs with the Panels' recommendations with respect to the impact of CIP. It urged the Board and Management to consider the matter seriously, particularly with respect to the need for continuing assessment of CIP's impact in collaboration with its partners in national programs. CIP emerges from the review process as a healthy Centre, which is well managed, and is making good progress towards fulfilling its mandate. Sincerely, Dr. David Hopper CGIAR Chair World Bank 11818 H Street, N.W. Washington DC 20433 1JSA Alex F. McCalla Chairman, TAC Mail a&Ws~: Technical Advisory Office Tel: (We) 7328608/6699- Comm/CGIAfl. University of California. Davis. CA 95616 T&K: 91f3331-07’ 35 - FAX (916) 752-8572 Location: 219 f St.. Suite 2C. Davis. CA Xi TAC COMMENTARY ON CIP EXTERNALREVIEW REPORTS TAC commends the Chairmen and Members of the External Review Panels for the in-depth appraisal of the programmes and management of It is pleased that both Review Panels found CIP to be a the Centre. strong Centre with a competent staff, a high quality research programme, with an effective interaction with national programmes and advanced institutions. TAC endorses the recommendations of the Review Panels and offers further comments for CIP’ s consideration. TAC recognizes that CIP was in the process of organizational change at the time of the reviews as a result of their self-study. The interim response of the CIP Board to the review is appreciated by TAC but it is felt that CIP will need to prepare a further, more comprehensive response in the form of a progress report responding to the Panels’ recommendations in early 1991, by which time the Centre is expected to have completed its strategic planning process. TAC had encouraging dialogue with the Chairman and Secretary of the Board, the Director-General, the Deputy Director-General and the Director of Research of the Centre. They have agreed to factor the review recommendations into CIP’ s reorganization exercise and the preparation in their of the strategic plan, an d to involve the new Director-General TAC looks forward to reviewing the plan and continuing the formulation. dialogue. Conduct of the Review TAC approved the way the Review Panels had approached their task. The country visits and detailed interactions with CIP staff at headquarters and in regional offices provide a sound basis for the recommendations. The reports present valuable insights on both programme and management aspects of CIP and reflect the close cooperation between the two panels. Research Programmes TAC notes with concern the Review Panels’ comments on the difficulty of assessing the impact of CIP’ s potato programme and the suggestion that the economic impact may have been modest at best. This is surprising in view of the decentralized modus operandi of CIP which positions it close to the clients and target groups, and its advocacy of the “farmer-back-to-farmer approach to the conduct of research and the design of technological options. While CIP’ s policy of underpinning the breeding programmes of the national programmes and not attributing any impacts to itself is commendable, analysis of the joint impact of CIP and national prograznnes on potato improvement is needed. TAC agrees with the recommendations and suggestions related to the need for continuous assessment of joint CIP-NARS impacts, and that a clear organizational focus for such studies be identified within the Centre. These ex post studies should be designed to provide guidance to the Centre in planning its future strategies and programmes in addition to their value in demonstrating performance. TAC also notes that the scientific impact of CIP’ s programmes have not been considered sufficiently by the Programme Review Panel. Future programme review panels should explicitly address questions of centre impact, distinguishing between the economic, scientific, and institutional components. Xii The appropriateness of the balance between potato and sweet potato research at CIP has been difficult for the panels to assess because the resources allocated to each commodity are not ehasily TAC is of the view that CIP should initiate action to identifiable. ensure this situation is rectified, as it does not believe the task is difficult, nor does it consider it prudent for CIP and TAC to be unaware of the share of resources devoted to each of the two crops. TAC considers that, in the reorganization of CIP, a mechanism be developed for clearly identifying responsibility for coordinating the The Strategic Plan of CIP should articulate two commodity programmes. clearly the basis on which CIP apportions resources to the two In the case of sweet potato, this analysis should take commodities. into account the regional distribution of production, the strength of the NARS involved, the extent to which the commodity is used for food, feed or industrial raw materials, and equity issues. Consideration of the nutritional value of both commodities also deserves greater emphasis in CIP's programmes. TAC strongly supports the review recommendation that CIP give greater emphasis to sustainability, especially in the area of soil This is in recognition of the fact that potatoes are grown in erosion. CIP should explore high elevation , and often mountainous regions. collaborative research with other Centres on topics such as agroforestry and intercropping to develop sustainable potato production systems. CIP has developed a reasonably solid research base which could be utilized in studies of physiological aspects of growth and storage of Root and tuber crops have a number of common potato and sweet potato. which TAC considers worthy of more physiological characteristics, attention from CIP. TAC notes the EPR Panel's endorsement of CIP's emphasis on Every effort should be made to overcome pathogen testing of germplasm. the delays in distribution of materials due to this bottleneck. Finally, TAC considers that CIP's decision to reduce research on true CIP should look closely at whether potato seed should be reconsidered. more international research in this area is needed. Strategic Planning TAC strongly endorses the emphasis placed by the review panels on CIP's planning should entail a the need for strategic planning. considered assessment of research needs and opportunities, supplemented by systematic analysis to provide a sound basis for decisions on the number of research thrusts and of regional centrest and the commodity balance and programme management. In particular, CIP should carefully reassess the agroecological heterogeneity of the regions in which it currently operates with a view to rationalizing its research strategies The Centre should factor genotype x environment and organization. interactions more explicitly into its considerations, along with regional differences in consumer preferences and the like. Mode of Operation The review panels noted the unique decentralized organization of CIP's programmes and the contracting mechanisms with which CIP supports research in the national programmes of developing countries and in xiii TAC considers this to be an innovative developed country institutions. and effective approach but urges CIP to develop, as part of the strategic planning exercise, a rationale and a set of clearly 'articulated decision rules to guide the future contracting operations. 'The basis for decisions to initiate a contract rather than to undertake research in-house should be clarified, as well as a clearer distinction made between collaborative and contractual relations. Furthermore, it is preferable for CIP to have internal competence in all fields in which Icontracts are being entered into to ensure effective oversight and integration of the research results into CIP's programmes, and ultimately into those of the NAPS. International Cooperation The Panels' comments on CIP's cooperation with AVRDC and other international Centres are noted by TAC. AVRDC is currently in the process of developing a strategic plan, and is being examined by TAC as part of the review of the non-associated centres. CIP and AVRDC should (continue their dialogue on sweet potatoes and CIP should keep TAC informed of progress in this area. Management TAC commends the panel for the sensitive but forthright manner in which management issues are addressed in the EMR report. TAC is concerned that CIP's personalized policies, decision-making and management procedures evolved in a way that meant they were dependent for their viability on the continued presence of the incumbent Director General. Management should be flexible enough to allow entrepreneurial expression, but with the support of well-articulated policies and procedures which are based on sound management principles. TAC looks forward to further interaction with CIP on the progress that is made in this area, following the implementation of its change plan. The recommendation that CIP consider the more explicit identification of commodity programme leadership so as to ensure proper integration of disciplinary components in the potato and sweet potato programmes deserves serious consideration by management as it implements its change plan in the context of the strategic planning exercise. l?ollow-up Action TAC commends the two reviews to the CGIAP for consideration, bearing in mind that TAC expects further interaction with CIP on the issues raised in the reviews. CIP should present its Board-approved strategic plan to TAC for comments during 1991. CIP should inform TAC and the CGIAR Secretariat in a progress report of the action it has taken in response to the specific recommendations of the two review reports at the time it presents the strategic plan to TAC. Cornell University New York State College of RobertsHall Ithaca, NY 14853-5901 Agriculture and Lift3 Sciences Office of the Dean January 25, 1990 Dr. Alexander McCalla Technical Advisory Committee/CGIAR University of California Davis, California 95616 Dr, Alexander von der Osten, Executive Secretary Consultative Group on International Agricultural World Bank 1818 H. Street, N:W. Washington, DC 20433 Research the The board of trustees and management of CIP want to acknowledge These panels were very thorough in excellent work of the two review panels. identified CIP activities which could be and correctly their approach, praise of excellence where it improved, but they also were generous in their professional and their The panel members were highly was justified. interaction with our staff was friendly, cordial, and helpful, although they their task, but in an were working under pressure not only to complete unstable situation in Lima. We greatly appreciate their ability to complete the report so it could be presented to the board of trustees during the period that we have normally The panel presented their results first to the used for our annual review. Following the presentation to board of trustees, and then to the CIP staff. there was considerable discussion in which board members asked for the board, clarification of some of the recommendations, and further discussion on the rationale of the panel in certain areas. All of these discussions were quite It is clear that the panels positive and were handled very professionally. successfully examined our mission and operations to make sure that we were effectively and efficiently in serving the priority utilizing donor funds needs, as stated within our CGIAR mandate. After the panels had left, further discussions were held by the board with CIP staff on the reviews and their implications. We appreciate your support and the panels' willingness to delay the main part of the review so that CIP could complete'the self-study, develop a change-plan based on that study, and be well on the way to implementation of the changes before the review was finalized. As one of the panel's chairman stated, the review results would have been quite different if the changepltan had not been well on its way to total implementation. We have found that many of the recommendations are already being addressed in the implementation of the change-plan. We are on schedule with this implementation which will be completed by July 1990. The recommendations of the panels, along with other recommendations, are being carefully considered b!r the board and management and we look forward to interacting with you and your colleagues in assessing their value and merits. xvi all of the almost address will three activities that We feel The first is the aforementioned change recommendations in the two reports. many of the recommendations on research structure, plan, which is addressing The second and changes in the finance area and in the administration of CIP. which will get underway right after the first of the year, is major activity, of our profile which not only will the development of an updated version a strategic plan for the next ten years but, will also provide provide We recognize the fact that since CIP to the year 2010. expectations its first strategic plan in 1979, there has been considerable presented and the essential strategic plans the system regrading across concern to be The CIP upgraded strategic plan, ingredients going into them. take into consideration the present completed by the end of 1990, will thinklng in the center system about strategic plans. The third activity is the self-study which has been entered into by the This also will take place during 1990. We are utilizing board of trustees. a management specialist who helped CIP with the self-study and change-plan to we will look in depth at During this self-study, assist us in this. process. our record-keeping methods, our committee structure, the size of the board, Our goal is to come up with a structure which will and other activities. matters, allow a higher proportion of the board's time to be spent on policy committee and a better division of labor for board members and various We will be drawing on the experience of other centers as we activities. develop this process. These three activities follow a logical sequence as we address the As stated, we believe the change-plan changes recommended by the panels. should be completed as scheduled by July 1990. The board and management feel that this process was very valuable and we would recommend that other centers consider a self-study before the external review process. Maybe it should become a part of the normal review process. While the change-plan is being we will start work on the strategic plan, which will be guided completed, impacts expected from CIP programs strongly by future 1n the developing We will concentrate in those areas where CIP has a comparative countries. and the developing countries advantage, have identified priority needs. These two activities together will determine the best organizational structure for CIP. The board feels strongly that the recommendations on organizational structure proposed in the reviews should be viewed as possible alternatives and not as mandated changes to be strictly followed. We would be pleased to discuss this further if you wish. The recognition by the panels of the speed and success with which we have moved to begin our work with sweet potatoes, attests somewhat to the desirability of the present structure. A concern that we have is that the last external review suggested strongly that CIP add thrusts, and the current review suggests just as strongly that we reduce the number of thrusts. As we complete the change-plan and develop our strategic plan, we will closely examine the number of thrusts and the other recommendations for research organization. We are all in agreement that we need to simplify our research structure wherever possible and to have clear lines of responsibility, authority and accountability for program activities. We also will examine xvii closely the relationship between research projects and their expected impact. All of this will take place as we look closely at the number of essential The recommendations provided us activities that cut across the institution. I am convinced that as with some alternatives which deserve serious study. we complete the change-plan and develop the strategic plan, the board and management will exercise good judgement in implementing the recommendations structure. CIP has a tight, administrative a lean, to come up with The panel suggests that possibly we reputation of minimizing bureaucracy. Certainly there are trade-offs in this area, and we will have overdone this. but not at the expense of increase administrative procedures as necessary, particularly in an organization that is already viewed as being research, We look forward to interacting with both secretariats very cost-effective. The as we go through all these processes and react to the recommendations. board and management are proud of CIP's record as stated in these important external reviews. At TAC 51, we will be prepared to discuss the status of the change-plan, why we would recommend this process to other centers. In and if you wish, we will present an outline of the strategic plan for discussion. addition, we will be prepared to respond to any other questions. Of course, We thank you again for providing such excellent panel members, and pay tribute to the chairs of both panels. We look forward to benefiting from these reviews and having an even stronger CIP in the future. We stand ready to discuss all of these matters as you wish. Sinmely yours, Chairman, /n.s xc : CIP Board of Trustees Board Members Dr. Hardin Dr. Tossel Dr. Monyo 3 December 1989 Dear Dr. HcCalla, It is my pleasure to transmit the report of the Third External Program Review of the Centro International de la Papa (CIP) on behalf of the Panel. The review was especially challenging and rewarding to the Panel because it occurred at a time when CIP was undergoing significant CIP had just completed its self study when the review started changes. and because Management and the Board requested time to consider and implement many far reaching changes indicated in the self study, the The resulting review was postponed for six months. “Change Process” combined with the impending retirement of CIP’ s entrepreneurial Director General created a climate of change. It was within this changing milieu that the review took place. We conducted the review according to the guidelines provided by TAC although we attempted to slant the review as much toward strategic considerations as the guidelines would permit. Because CIP is a highly decentralized Center with approximately 40% of its internationally recruited staff in the regions, we felt it necessary to visit selected locations in Latin America, Africa and Asia to obtain an appreciation of CIP’ s regional activities and the response of National Programs to CIP’ s programs and style of operation. The Panel wishes to acknowledge the helpfulness of CIP Management and staff in the preparation of excellent documentation to assist us, and for their openness and helpfulness during the main phase of the review in Lima, November 16 to December 6, 1989. We feel strongly that the heart of a scientific institution is the people hence we interviewed individually each CIP scientist who was at the Center during the first week of the review. The Panel also had very good interactions with CIP Management and Members of the Board of Trustees during the period of review. We also worked very closely with the External Management Review Panel operating as one Panel for the treatment of overlapping issues. Dr. Alexander F. McCalla Chair Technical Advisory Committee/CGIAR University of California Davis, CA 95616 xx We wish to extend through you our deep appreciation to Dr. Guido Gryseels of the TAC Secretariat for his wisdom and guidance to the Panel and for his outstanding professional contribution to the work of the Panel. On behalf of all Members of the Panel I wish to express our sincere thanks for the opportunity to participate in the review of this creative and excellent Center. very innovative, Sincerely yours, W.E. Tossell Chairman CIP External Program Review Panel AGR/TAC:IAR/89/14 THE CONSULTATIVE GROUP ON INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE REPORT OF THE THIRD EXTERNAL PROGRAMREVIEW OF THE CENTRO INTERNACIONAL DE LA PAPA (c-1 Review Panel: Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. William E. Tossell Wanda Collins Louise Fresco Steven Slack Guido Gryseels (Chairman) (TAC Secretariat) TAC SECRETARIAT FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS December 1989 xxiii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 2. Mandate Potato and Sweet Potato and Strategies CIP in Conduct 1989 of the Review in CGIAR Priorities xxvii POTATO RESEARCH 2.1. 2.2. Background Genetic 2.2.1. 2.2.2. 2.2.3. 2.2.4. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5. 2.6. 2.7. Plant Resources Management Collection, Documentation and Conservation of Germplasm Germplasm Evaluation and Enhancement Germplasm Distribution Assessment and Recommendations Breeding 7 7 8 8 9 10 10 11 13 14 of Potato the Potato Research Program 16 17 19 19 20 20 21 22 22 Crop Protection Production Technology Aspects of Socio-Economic General Assessment 3. SWEET POTATO RESEARCH 3.1. 3.2. Background Genetic 3.2.1. 3.2.2. 3.2.3. 3.2.4. Resources Collection, Documentation and Conservation of Germplasm Germplasm Evaluation and Enhancement Germplasm Distribution from the Collection Assessment and Recommendations xxiv 3.3. 3.4. Plant Breeding 23 24 24 25 26 27 of Sweet Potato the Sweet Potato Research Program 28 29 33 33 Crop Protection 3.4.1, Virology 3.4.2. Nematology 3.4.3. Assessment Production Research and Entomology 3.5. 3.6. 3.7. 4. TRAINING, 4.1. 4.2. Socio-Economic General Aspects of Assessment INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS Background Training 4.2.1. 4.2.2. 4.2.3. 4.2.4. 4.2.5. Goals, Objectives and Overview Types and Organization of Training Collaborative Efforts Planning of Training Activities and Selection of Trainees Assessment 33 33 34 35 36 37 38 38 38 40 40 40 41 42 42 42 44 45 46 46 50 50 51 4.3. Information Services 4.3.1. Goals 4.3.2. Activities 4.3.3. Assessment Communications Unit 4.4.1. Goal and Activities 4.4.2. Assessment Public Awareness 4.4. 4.5. 5. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND LINKAGES 5.1. Linkages 5.1.1. 5.1.2. 5.1.3. 5.1.4. 5.1.5. 5.2. 5.3. 5.4. Linkages Linkages with National Programs CIP's Regional Organization Collaborative and Contract Research Collaborative Country Research Networks and Professional Associations Bilateral Special Projects' General Assessment with with Advanced Research Sector Institutions the Private Cooperation International xxv 6. RESEARCH ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT 6.1. CIP’ s 6.1.1. 6.1.2. 6.1.3. 6.1.4. 6.2. 6.3. Organizational Structure Comments on CIP’ s Organizational Structure Options on Structure Regional Organization Senior Management Articulated Strategy? 53 53 54 57 59 61 62 68 68 69 70 72 72 72 72 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 79 80 80 81 81 82 84 84 85 86 86 87 87 87 88 90 Does CIP Have a Clearly Planning 6.3.1. 6.3.2. Monitoring at CIP Planning Conferences Other Planning Mechanisms and Review 6.4. 7. AN APPRAISAL OF CIP 7.1. 7.2. Background Balance 7.2.1. 7.2.2. 7.2.3. 7.2.4. in Resource Allocation Balance Between Regions Balance Between Activities Balance Between Commodities Assessment 7.3. 7.4. Achievements Impact 7,4.1. 7.4.2. Background Production 7.4.2.1. 7.4.2.2. 7.4.2.3. 7.4.2.4. 7.4.2.5. 7.4.3. 7.4.4. 7.5. Towards 7.5.1. 7.5.2. 7.5.3. 7.5.4. 7.5.5. 7.5.6. 7.5.7. Concluding Impact Distribution of Germplasm Improved Seed Supply Technology Post-Harvest Sweet Potato Production Impact Through Strengthening of Institutional Capacity Institutional Impact Assessment a Stronger CIP Background Research Targeting and Prioritizing Transferring Responsibilities to NARS Studying the Rationale of CIP’ s Technologies Biotechnology Enhancing Germplasm Flow Sustainability Remarks 7.6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xxvi CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE EXTERNAL MANAGEMENT 'REVIEW ANNEXES Annex I Annex II Composition of the Review Panels External Program of Specific 91 Interim Terms of Reference for Reviews of the IARCs, and List Questions Documentation Program Met for Review Panel Annex III Annex IV Annex V Annex VI Annex VII Annex VIII of EPR Panel Country Visits and People Main Phase of CIP*s Response Second External Resource the EPR to the Recommendations Program Review of the Utilization Germplasm Distribution by CIP and Released/Named by NARS or Grown by Farmers in Developing Countries, 1973-1989 Glossary Research of Acronyms Organization Annex IX Annex X xxvii EXECUTIVE SUWARY As CIP nears its 20th Anniversary, its past successes give full confidence in the Center’ s ability to meet future challenges. More than by any other feature, CIP as an institution is characterized by dynamic change. During the period since the last external review the Center has been a forceful catalyst generating worldwide support for research on since the expansion of its mandate in 1986, on potato, and recently, sweet potato. Under the strong leadership of an entrepreneurial Director General, CIP has been innovative in meeting its responsibilities as a global organization. By adopting a strategy to position CIP close to its clients, the Center has decentralized rapidly over the past five years resulting in a considerable proportion of the staff now in the regions. Through its strategic, applied and adaptive collaborative contracts with NARS and institutions in developed countries, as well as through its Headquarters research in Lima, CIP has continued to gain international recognition for its scientific work. The Panel is impressed by the high quality of the Center’ s research on potato and sweet potato and of its training, information and To assist CIP in preparing itself for the communication activities. next decade, the Panel would like to draw attention to a number of important areas that merit further thought by management and scientists. Genetic Resources The centerpiece of CIP is the international collections of germplasm of its two commodities. The Panel is impressed with the extent of the collections and the overall quality of CIP’ s management of these valuable materials. These collections provide the basis for CIP’ s plant breeding efforts that support National Programs in the development iof improved varieties. The remarkably rapid establishment of a world collection of cultivated sweet potato germplasm, the initiatives with respect to wild Jpomoea sm* collection, as well as ongoing efforts on the world collection of cultivated and wild Solanum w. are outstanding The Panel has made suggestions to further refine the ‘ achievements. collection and to prepare additional documentation on its genetic materials to scientists around the world. CIP is also encouraged to develop a plan to assure the preservation of the wild species collections of both crops. At present, the distribution of materials is restricted by the fact that only a small proportion is pathogen tested. CIP’ s emphasis on pathogen testing of its potato and sweet potato collections is therefore fully endorsed by the Panel. xxviii Plant Breeding CIP’ s potato breeding strategies are generally well founded and the Center’ s role in identifying, clearing and distributing materials bred elsewhere has been of tremendous value to the developing world. However, the panel was concerned about the limited evidence of farmlevel adoption of improved germplasm from CIP-bred materials. CIP is aware of this issue and it has made some recent adjustments. The Panel is of the opinion that the rate of farm-level adoption could be accelerated by developing a more integrated commodity strategy that would allow CIP to link its breeding work more adequately to farm-level constraints. The Panel considers that CIP’ s approach to sweet potato research is generally sound, but would like to encourage t.he Center to develop a similar sweet potato strategy with priority setting based on its ongoing thorough assessment of production and utilization of the crop. Impact Orientation The Panel has attempted to assess CIP’ s institutional and production impact with respect to potato, considering that such an exercise would be premature in the case of sweet potato. It notes with great satisfaction the Center’ s large institutional impact on national programs and the encouraging results achieved in increasing potato Additional information will be production in several countries. required, however, to fully assess the impact of CIP’ s technologies on production and incomes. Although farm-level impact is influenced by many factors, the Panel suggests that CIP may need to link its program objectives more explicitly to the kind of impact it desires to achieve. ‘ CIP may consider giving more attention to -ex ante impact analyses and developing more specific guidelines on desired technology characteristics. Ex post evaluations could be carried out through cooperation with INARS. In view of the limited adoption of CIP germplasm, the Panel has suggested that CIP strengthen its mechanisms to obtain feedback on the performance of its germplasm and technologies so as to ensure a continued monitoring of its research impact. Collaboration with NARS In its responsiveness to the changing needs and capabilities of Planning conferences and other NARS, CIP has been exemplary. collaborative mechanisms such as networks and regional programs have CIP well positioned to serve the needs of NARS and provide the Center with The Panel cost-effective methods to obtain feedback and consultation. supports CIP’ s strategy of increasingly handing over responsibilities for training to NARS. xxix The Panel commends CIP for its innovative approach to contract research which has greatly expanded the Center’ s scope and has provided increased opportunities for NARS to participate in CIP’ s international research enterprise. The Panel suggests that CIP may now consider a period of consolidation following its major expansion in collaborative and contract research during the last five years. Among other things, this would allow CIP to refine its criteria and arrangements for research contracts, particularly as the opportunities for such research in developing countries will expand with the growing maturity of NARS. Research Structure and Management CIP is displaying remarkable flexibility in adjusting its structure and management to respond effectively to the changing needs of CIP’ s organization has gradually diversified into a NARS. As a .result, The Panel complex matrix including departments, thrusts and regions. would like to congratulate the Center on its ability to retain as is demonstrated by the thorough self study undertaken by flexibility, CIP during 1988-89,, which has led in turn to further refinements of its structure to enable it to cope with changing needs and scientific progress. The complexity of CIP’ s structure, in combination with the rapid pace of decentralization, needs careful consideration. The Panel considers that CIP needs a phase of stabilization. It has made several suggestions to encourage CIP to clarify and simplify its structure by shortening lines of authority, providing a clearer focus for the integration of the commodity research and by strengthening its regional organization. Furthermore, the Panel feels that, notwithstanding the regular updating of its Profile, CIP would benefit from an elaboration of its with respect to a detailed ‘ overall strategic plan, in particular #assessment of its clients’ needs, its comparative advantage and the technological and institutional impact it intends to have. The Panel feels that this will also facilitate the balancing of priorities across ‘ commodities, regions and programs. As it enters the next decade, CIP finds itself at the brink of :yet another period of change, resulting from the impending retirement of its visionary founder Director General as well as from other, often unpredictable changes in the outside environment. The Panel is fully iconfident that CIP will meet these challenges and retain its outstanding and unique role in stimulating potato and sweet potato production throughout the developing world. xxx RRCOHMENJJATIONS The Panel recommends: Chapter 2 - Potato Research to give high priority to the process cultivated potato clones so that they on request; be made immediately for of wild Solanum species of will be that CIP continue pathogen testing freely available - that arrangements entire collection CIP; the control of the to be transferred to passport all wild and Solanum - that a complete inventory with appropriate evaluation data should be distributed for species as soon as possible; - that the wild Solanum species collection be duplicated and maintained as true seed, in at least two locations, as soon as possible; that CIP consider technologies into Chapter mechanisms sustainable to integrate component potato cropping systems; - 3 - Sweet Potato Research that a comprehensive plan and priority listing o:E sweet potato and potato clones for pathogen testing be prepared with input from genetic resources and plant breeding scientists; that plans be made to increase seed of those wild species Ipomoea which are in urgent need of seed to preserve the collection; - of that CIP develop a clear long-term strategy for breeding sweet potatoes encompassing both Headquarters and regional programs; that CIP develop a coordinated and prioritized worldwide strategy for research on important insect pests of sweet potato; that CIP re-evaluate its current projects in sweet potato physiological research and seek ways to increase research post-harvest production and utilization; that research strategies be developed to address specific production technologies of potential high impact for sweet potato within the framework of sustainable systems; on - - xxxi that a plan be developed to accumulate appropriate data for future assessment of the impact of CIP’ s training programs in sweet potato; that a strategic plan for sweet potatoes as possible to give momentum and direction potato program; Chapter _- baseline research and be developed as soon to the overall sweet 4 - Training, Information and Communications a that CIP give greater statistical analysis, great need during its programs; attention to experimental design and an area for which the Panel perceived visits to collaborating national of an information uses for its that Management consider the organization planning conference , similar to the type priority research areas; -- it the development of publication authorship and mechanisms for the region; Chapter 5 - International policies with respect to review of documents prepared in Cooperation and Linkages -_ that guidelines be developed for research carried out in the regions to meet CIP’ s international research and technology including criteria for project selection, transfer objectives, contract conditions, appropriate categories of resources and procedures for monitoring quality; Chapter 6 - Research Organization and Management that CIP consider modifying its present research organization structure by: creating a DDG-Research position and a Sweet Potato Program Director position; significantly reducing the number of thrusts and departments; and assigning budgetary authority to thrust managers and project leaders; that CIP consider reorganizing its regional operations by: creating a DDG-Regional Programs position; reducing the number of regional offices to about half their present number and appointing a CIP Regional Director to each, with budgetary and management authority over all staff statiqned at the regions; that during 1990 CIP pursue an aggressive course of assembling and analyzing information vital to the fomulation of its future strategy and ensure that the new Director General can play a leadership role in the drafting of the strategic plan; xxxii that CIP integrate its planning Center-wide strategic planning conferences system with an ongoing that CIP: (1) realign its planning and review systems to ensure an adequate degree of vertical integration among these activities; and (2) provide a clear organizational focus to the coordination of planning and impact assessment activities; Chapter 7 - An Appraisal of CIP on that CIP develop a mechanism to ensure continuous feedback the suitability and usefulness of the genetic materials it supplies to national programs; that CIP develop mechanisms to ensure that ex ante impact assessment becomes an integral part of the planning of commodity thrusts, collaborative project and contract activities; that a mechanism for both to incorporate information studies into the research allocate resources. potato and sweet potato be developed derived from global constraints planning process to effectively CHAPTER I - I ODIKTION 1.1. Mandate The Centro International de la Papa (CIP) was established in 1971 with a mandate to conduct research and training programs “to contribute to the improvement of potato production and other tuberous roots”. CIP decided to initially concentrate on potato (Solanum tuberosum) because of the relative importance of this crop and to make a greater impact with resources available, and hence started its work as a single commodity center. On this basis, CIP in 1972 received sponsorship from the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). At that time, -the focus of CGIAR research activities was on the development of improved technology that could contribute to an increase of food production for the rapidly expanding population in developing countries. CIP’ s goal was defined in accordance with this overall CGIAR philosophy as “to rapidly develop, adapt, and expand the research necessary for the technology to solve priority problems limiting production in developing countries”. In 1985 CIP’ s Board of Trustees expanded the Center’ s mandate in view of the recognition by to include sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), the CGIAR that sweet potato was receiving inadequate attention within the System, CIP’ s location in the area of origin of sweet potato, the research complementarity of potato and sweet potato, and CIP’ s global distribution system already in operation. This decision was endorsed by TAC in June 1987, given the agreement of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) based in Nigeria to transfer its responsibilities for research on sweet potato to CIP, provided that CIP would closely collaborate with AVRDC and IITA, and that sufficient attention would be given by CIP to the specific needs of Africa. In revising its operational mandate, CIP also widened its goal of increasing production by incorporating explicit reference to the need to improve food consumption and better post-harvest commodity utilization This widening of scope of activities was in line with and processing. the evolution of CGIAR priorities and strategies over time. ‘ The present mandate of the Center is: “To conduct the research necessary to solve priority problems that limit potato and sweet potato production and consumption This includes adaptation of the in developing countries. collective knowledge existing in the industrialized countries, as well as pertinent post-harvest research.” In addition, CIP developed a mission statement, the Center’ s philosophy on why it conducts the activities It reads as follows: implement its mandate. which expresses required to 2 “CIP’ s mission is to help developing countries increase food production, develop sustainable agricultural systems, and improve human welfare through potato and sweet potato research Our collaborative research and training is and development. designed to enhance the capacity of developing-country scientists to determine and utilize the unique potential of each commodity within their local food systems. 13~ stimulating collaboration among countries, we hope to promote mutual comprehension and interdependence in solving common problems. Thus, while contributing directly to agricultural production, we can help scientists across the developing world to respond flexibly and successfully to changing demands in agriculture! and by doing so increase their contribution to society and their personal sense of productivity.” 1.2. Potato and Sweet Potato in CGIAR Priorities and Strategies In its most recent review of CGIAR priorities and strategies approved in 1985, TAC considered the allocation of CGIAR resources on the basis of 1983 data (TACYCGIAR, 1987) l/. At that time, potato was receiving 5.6% of CGIAR resource allocation, and sweet potato (then still in the operational mandate of IITA) 0.4%. The other root crops that received support through the CGIAR were cassava, yam, cocoyam and starchy banana. Cassava received the highest level of CGIAR support for for 6.9% of research expenditures in the any root crop, accounting CGIAR. TAC considered that the level of support to potato was appropriate and should continue, at least in the short to medium term, given the short research history devoted to potato for tropical regions, the nutritional and economic value of the crop in developing countries, and the likelihood of obtaining good results from continuing efforts. TAC considered the regional allocation of effort during 1983 of 37% to Africa and 9% to North Latin America, 29% to Asia, 25% to sub-Saharan Africa/Near East to be appropriate. TAC further recommended that support to potato research in the medium to long term be reduced in rhe face of the strong national programs which were emerging, and the spillover from research in developed countries. With respect to sweet potato, TAC considered it to be a neglected crop and recommended that the research effort be increased TAC noted that sweet substantially to ensure effective results. potato’ s place in the potential development of food and feed processing technologies could make it a highly valuable cash crop and employment TAC, therefore, recommended that production and post-harvest generator. research on sweet potato should increase at the international level,. and be undertaken in collaboration with institutions with special expertise It particularly encouraged collaborative efforts with and experience. -1/ CGIAR Priorities TACVCGIAR. 1987. TAC Secretariat, FAO, Rome. and Future Strategies. 3 AVRDC which already sweet potato. had a highly successful, ongoing research program in During 1989, potato and sweet potato ranked fifth in order of .Eunds directed to commodity research through the CGIAR System, after livestock, rice, wheat and maize. Together, potato and sweet potato accounted for 6.9% of CGIAR expenditures on research and research related activities. Of the other root crops to date, only cassava has received a significant share of CGIAR resources. The regional allocation of CIP’ s efforts has shifted in favour of Asia which now accounts for 39% of CGIAR research expenditures on potato and sweet Ipotato, while sub-Saharan Africa receives 29%, Latin America 22% and Vest Asia/North Africa 10%. 1.3. CIP in 1989 CIP in 1989 had a professional staff of about 100 scientists developing and updating its objectives and the strategies to reach them (operational mandate, long-term plan, medium-term projections); (b) measuring results and impact of past efforts and, as a consequence, adjusting priorities by dropping, adding or modifying activities as required; ensuring appropriate allocation of resources to: research programs; training; assistance to NARS; networks; genetic resources conservation, if appropriate; data processing and other forms of research support; information and documentation; etc.; staff competence and quality; efficiency and effectiveness; (cl Cd) ensuring ensuring 4. - to advise (a) operational the CGIAR on: the Center's actions on the recommendations previous review as approved by the Group; constraints to achievement of stated levels, Center, program, and activity overcome them; review, review; and on the objectives, interim, dates of the (b) objectives at the and means to or supplementary and schedule of such Cc) the need for any monitoring, Cd) specific questions or issues raised by TAG, CGIAR Members, the Center, and others, which follow: ANNEX II - Page 3 List of Specific ----l_ ~-Strategies for the Future -_I-~ Questions _I_ _--- 1. What role have interested and collaborating national programs had in the preparation of CIP's strategy? What are their opinions on the future planned by CIP? 2. Recently CIP activated the option in its mandate to work on other roots and tubers and initiated research on sweet potato. How should this work develop in the future in relation to the work on potato? Should CIP consider adding additional tuberous crops to its research portfolio? Is CIP giving sufficient consideration within its research 3. program and priorities to (a) the role of women in agriculture; and (b) ensuring that the technologies it is developing benefit women? How are these considerations affecting CIP's research activities? 4. How has CIP responded to the CGIAR concern for sustainable production in its research and training programs? How does CIP ensure that the specific systems it is promoting and the technologies it is developing are ecologically and economically sustainable? What mileposts has CIP established to measure progress towards 5. its goals for potato and sweet potato? How does CIP measure the impact (both ex-ante and ex-post) of its activities? Research Does CIP have the appropriate mix of specialized 6. staff (e.g. physical, biological and social sciences) at Is the balance between the conduct/support its research? and outposted staff appropriate for the proposed research activities? disci.plinary headquarters headquarters and related to 7. Is there scope for better characterization of the different agro-ecological zones/production environments for potatoes and sweet potatoes? To what extent can San Ramon, Huancayo and Yurimaguas, substitute for the varied environments in which potatoes and sweet potatoes are grown? What is the nature and magnitude of strategic research 8. (including biotechnology), undertaken at CIP or through contract? What are the plans for is the pay-off from contracted research? Are these plans undertaking strategic research in the future? appropriate in light of the needs of CIP's collaborating national partners and for the overall balance of CIP's program? What ANNEX II - Page 4 9. What research does CIP undertake to prevent post-harvest losses? What progress has been made in the spread of low-light intensity rustic storage facilities? What research does CIP have on food quality and on processing of potatoes and sweet potatoes into convenience foods? How are consumer taste preferences reflected in the research program? Does CIP give too much emphasis to varietal improvement 10. enough to agronomy? Is there any scope for the integration of agro-forestry with potato production? 11. What advances has To what (TPS) technology? systems since it was first is TPS replacing? '&at is and not CIP made with respect to True Potato Seed extent has the technology spread in national introduced? What proportion of seed tubers its future in developing countries? What is the prospect of potential genetic improvement of TPS 12. breeding vis-&vis seed tuber breeding? What breeding methods have been considered and used for TPS population improvement? Is there any prospect for development of Fl TPS cultivars to use hybrid vigour? Genetic Resources --._----__-_-_.-To what extent is CIP making use of wild potato and sweet 13. potato germplasm in its breeding programs? What particular problems being encountered in the use of wild germplasm? What particular successes has been achieved through its use? are What is CIP's approach to long-term conservation of potato and 14. sweet potato germplasm? What problems have to be faced with respect to in vitro storage? How is the collection replicated and what evidence does CIP have that the replications are properly cared for? What progress has been made with the preparation of the 15. monographs on potato species recommended by the last external review? Relationships with ~--l_National Programs What are CIP's relationships with the Government of Peru? What 16. constraints, if any, impede seriously the work of the Center in its host What types of collaborative or other research linkages exist country? between CIP and the national agricultural research and educational institutions in Peru? What has been the impact of these linkages in terms of Peruvian research and training capability? How effective is the influence of national program leaders on 17. CIP's program development? To what degree do CIP's programs (a) systems? duplicate, (b) complement and support, those of the national How does CIP address the needs of national programs given the variation in capability of the national systems? How does CIP deal with the different languages of national programs? To what extent is CIP sharing its international responsibilities with national programs? ANNEX II Training - Page 5 CIP is currently concentrating on short-term intensive training 18. in specialized fields and does not offer longer-term production courses; even the short-term production courses are now conducted by the national systems. Is CIP making the best use of its training funds? Should CIP What arrangements should be made be offering advanced degree training? to accommodate requests for students to undertake thesis preparation at CIP? Quarantine -1.9. In the second External Program Review of CIP, the commended CIP on its phytosanitary standards but indicated time-consuming methods and better facilities were needed. has CIP made in streamlining its phytosantary methods for What changes are needed for sweet potato? Size of CIP --20. Since 1980, CIP has foreseen a gradual reduction in its potato research from the early 1990s as the capacity of national programs increased. Now that research on sweet potato has been initiated, CIP has proposed that its total resources should increase by 15% over the next five years, and that in the resource allocation potato research should receive 60% and sweet potato 40%. What is the panel's opinion of this proposal and the likely effect on the essential potato research that is in CIP's comparative advantage to undertake? Given the 21. programs in potato program related to undertaken by the size of CIP and the level of achievement of national research, how are proposed changes in the research the total size of the Center, and to activities information, and training programs? panel that less What progress potatoes? 22. Should the level of resources remain static over the next five years, what priority would the panel assign to the different elements oE CIP's program? How should the proportion of effort devoted to potato change vis-a-vis sweet potato under a no-growth scenario? Relationships with Other Research Institutions ---- CIP spends 50% of its core support outside headquarters, either 23. in the regions or on contracted research in developed or developing countries. What is the panel's opinion of this strategy and its pay-off? Is the balance between essential headquarters research, that undertaken on contract by various institutions around the world, and the research undertaken by outposted staff in the field adequate? What are the agreements between CIP and AVRDC, and CIP and 24. IITA, with respect to research on sweet potato? How are these agreements being implemented? Is there still any overlap of responsibilities? ANNEX 11 - Page 6 What cooperative research does CIP undertake with other CGIAR 25. and non-CGIAR Centers? What support, reciprocal or otherwise, do other international Centers provide to CIP research teams? Are the arrangements satisfactory to all concerned? How does CIP cooperate with other Centers with respect to 26. cropping systems especially as potato is generally only one of a number of crops grown by farmers? What arrangements are made for testing the different cultivary i.~ ciss:x: i-iii: iq 1 &?;I s>ci12tcsop+? ANNEX III DOCUMENTATION FOR REVIEW PANEL A. Documentation Provided by TAC Secretariat Strategies, 1987 for External Research Program Centers CGIAR Priorities Interim Reviews Guidelines List and Future and Revised Terms of Reference of the International Agricultural for External Review Panels of Specific Questions Related to CIP Review of the Centro Meetings of Report of the Second Quinquennial International de la Papa (CIP) Extracts TAC Review from Process the Reports in of the 43rd and 44th August the CGIAR System. by CIP Documents Establishing I988 B. Documentation - Provided and Basic Charter the Center as Evolved by Board of of CIP of Review of Interpretation Trustees Review of Actions Previous EPR Analysis Programs Report of Mandate, Taken by CIP on Recommendations & Constraints on Sweet Potato and Institutions Main Achievements/Impacts Over Last Five Years of Planning with Conference Centers with Agreements Organizational List Last Paper Other Chart Staff on Activities - Names of Individuals Table and Review Int’ l Staff Over of Senior Six Years Describing by Department. Planning Program Procedures Meetings & Minutes of Board Since Last EPR Special Reports Sweet Potato of Trustees of Program & Program Committee Committee to Board on Potato ANNEX III Short Paper on CIP’ s of CIP’ s Paper Top Decision-Making Change (Management Structure Program - Page 2 Description Response) Background Documentation 6 Management on Training Activities Rationale Strenghts Process for International & Weaknesses in Research on and & Information Background Paper on Economic Research on Sweet Potato - Background Paper CIP Networks Background Paper Field Programs on Activities, on CIP’ s Planning ANNEX IV PROGRAMOF EPR PANEL COUNTRY VISITS .A. CIP Headquarters, Lima, 5-9 December 1988 AND PEOPLE MET Drs. W.E. Tossell, G. Gryseels attend CIP. E. Alvarez-Luna, the 16th Annual L. Fresco, S. Slack and Internal Program Review of Panel meets with CIP Director General, Management, Board of Trustees, Regional Staff, Department Heads, Representatives of National Research Systems, Chairpersons of Regional Potato Associations, and Group of Scientists holding contracts with CIP. Joint B. Chile, (Drs. meetings EPR and EMR Panels. 1988 Fresco, Slack and Gryseels) 11 - 13 December Tossell, Alvarez-Luna, 1988 from with with 1988 11 December Travel Meeting INIA Dinner 12 December AM Lima to Santiago Dr. Dr. A. Cubillos, E. Madrid, Director Chairman for of INIA Vegetable and Dr. Research, A. Cubillos Panel visits "La Platina" with Dr. A. Cubillos Experimental Station, near Santiago Discussions with Station Director and Staff of the Potato, Economics and Communications Program: C.A. Dulcic, H. Guglielmetti, C. Fernandez, C. Covarrubias, P. Landon, M. Zolezzi PM Panel Flight Meeting to Puerto with Montt and transfer J.S. to Osorno Rojas, P. Malagamba Discussions 13 December AM Visit 1988 A. Cubillos, to Potato Research Program at "Remehue" Research Station Discussions with A. Hargreaves, J.S. Rojas, J. Kalazich, M.A. Montiel, S. Celis, P. Malagamba and A. Cubillos ANNEX IV - Page 2 PM Visit to Seed Production Program at "La Pampa" Substation P. Malagamba, Discussions A. Cubillos Return with J. Fernandez, and J.S. Rojas Montt and flight C. Sandoval, to Santiago Dean, Faculty to Puerto Dinner with Prof. Catholic University C. Colombia, (Drs. 14-16 E. Venezian, of Chile 1988 Slack of Agriculture, December Alvarez-Luna, Tossell, and Gryseels) 14 December PM Arrival Meeting Meeting (ICAl 1988 Bogota. with with Dr. 0. Hidalgo, CIP Regional Director Agropecuario E. Alarcon, Crops Management of Instituto Colombiano Discussions with Drs. Director of Research; Division Evening: 15 December AM Flight Panel 1989 to Medellin Meeting G. Montes, Director P.L. Gomez, Director General; Multiple Visit potato research Station of ICA Discussions 0. Trillos, PM Return activities at "La Selva" Experimental Suescun, and 0. Hidalgo. with Drs. S. Correa, A. Saldarriaga, L.J. and Panel Meeting M. Lobo, J. Turkensteen to Bogota 1989 16 December (Drs. AM Alvarez Luna and Gryseels only) and potato research Station of ICA Gomez, 0. Hidalgo, facilities L. Valencia at Visit CIP regional office "Tibaitata" Experimental Discussions with Drs. P.L. ANNEX IV - Page 3 I) . Kenya, (Drs. 13 - 17 April Alvarez-Luna, 1989 1989 Fresco, Gryseels and J. Doran (EMR)) 13 April Meeting with Koen Geerts, 14 April AM 1989 Dr. Ross Gray, Director Director of Administration General of ILRAD and Mr. (G. Gryseels only) Briefing and Discussions at CIP Regional Office: Region III Issues - S. Nganga Germplasm Management - H.M. Kidanemariam Seed Production - C. Carli Post Harvest/Training - G. Hunt Social Science-Sweet Potato - P. Ewe11 Technical Support Virology - E.F. Northcote Visit Collaborative Distribution Center Meet with Meeting Science Director Activities: Muguga Dr. D. Okioga KARI-QS - Regional and Staff Ministry of Germplasm, PM Director of Research, with Dr. S. Muturi, and Technology and CIP BoT Member. 15 ADril AM 1989 Activities: Program KARI-National and Basic Potato Research by Visit Collaborative Center, Tigoni Presentation I.N. Njoroge, Visit on Tigoni Director Seed Production Seed Program Discussions Activities with CIP Staff and CIP Trainees PM EPR Panel 1989 Panel 1989 16 April Internal 17 April AM Discussions Visit CIP Collaborative Activities with University of Nairobi - Meeting with Dean and Chairman, Dept. Crop Science, Prof. Mukunya - Post-Harvest Utilization Research, J. Kabira, Prof. Imungi .- KARI - N.A.L.: Bacterial Wilt Research, A. Michieka Meeting further with KARI Director Dr. individual discussions B.N. with Majisu/Mr. CIP Staff J. Rutto and PM ANNEX IV - Page 4 E, Burundi, (Drs. 18-20 April 1989 Fresco, Doran and Gryseels) E. Alvarez-Luna, 1989 18 April AM PM Arrival Burundi, Discussions with Mr. J. Rueda, CIP, Dr. C. Grossmann, FAO, and Dr. S. Nganga, CIP Regional Meetings with Mr. L. Dominessy, USAID; Mr. Biabatontou, Mr. Kotta, UNDP; and Mr. Standaert, Belgian Aid 1989 Research Station - J. Rueda, Director FAO; 19 April Visit to Gisozi Potato M. Antoine and Staff - Germplasm Research - In-Vitro Facilities - On-Farm.Research - Individual discussions 20 April AM PM 1989 C. Turner, with CIP and ISABU Staff Discussions with ISABU Director Visit Munanira Seed.Farm Visit Mwokora Seed Farm On-Farm Research 20-22 1989 April 1989 General, Mr. Ndikumana F. Rwanda, 20 April PM Arrival in Rwanda and Discussions with Mr. J. Kloos, Coordinator and Dr. S. Nganga, CIP Regional Director 1989 with with with Mr. Gamamanyi, Dr. Mr. R. Content, P. Crawford, and Meeting Director General ISAR Graf, PRAPAC 21 April AM Meeting Meeting ISNAR; and Dr. USAID-Kigali with CIAT PM Meeting Travel to Ruhengeri Mr. Kloos 22 April AM 1989 Program (PNAP), other Staff Meeting Dr. P. Tegera, Head Potato and visit Research Station Visit Inigi Seed Farm ANNEX IV - Page 5 PM Visiting Travel Potato to Kigali 23-26 April Farmers' On-Farm Trials with Dr. Tegera and discussions 1989 G. Ethiopia, 23 April AM 1989 in Addis Ababa and Discussions with S. Nganga, CIP Regional Director S. Debele, (IAR) Director, Institute P. Callejas, CIP, Arrival and Dr. Meet Dr. Research of Agricultural ILCA, and Meet Dr. K. Peters, Deputy Director General Dr. M. Sall, Director Outreach ILCA 24 April AM 1989 at IAR with Dr. Debele; Leader; and P. Callejas to Holetta Research Holetta and Lunch with Station Centre Mr. Dr. Bereke Meeting Program Travel Holetta T. Tuku, Potato of with D. Beyene, Program Manager PM Visit Staff Research Potato and Meeting Return to Addis Ababa and Dinner in Honour of CIP and EPR/EMR Panel offered by Dr. J. Walsh, ILCA Director General. 25 April AM 1989 with Mr. M. Klass, Head of ILCA Administration Drs. P. Callejos, Bereke Meeting Travel to Holetta and Ambo with T. Tuku, and S. Nganga Visit PM Meeting Farmers' with Cooperatives IAR Potato On-Farm Staff, Final Holetta Staff Research and Center Program Visit Farmers's Cooperatives, Individual Discussions Meeting Dinner offered by CIP - Meeting with Dr. Tuku of IAR, and CIP Staff (Drs. Callejos 26 April Final 1989 Report Preparation Debele and Mr. Bereke and Nganga) Team Discussions, and Departure from Addis. ANNEX IV - Page 6 H. CIP's Board of Trustees Meeting, 15-18 Board May 1989 of Trustees Meeting in Santo Dr. W.E. Tossell attends CIP's Domingo, Dominican Republic I. The Philippines, (Drs. W.E. Tossell, 1989 15-19 September 1989 D.L. Plucknett, and M.Birrell (EMR)) L. Fresco, 15 September AM Overview of CIP's Regional Dr. P. Vander Zaag Overview of CIP Germplasm Deputy Program Program Director for Southeast Asia - - Dr. E. Escobar IRRI and Member - Dr. Meet Dr. H. Zandstra, of Second CIP EPR CIP's Lowland Potato E. Chujoy PM General, Breeding and Sweet Potato Programs Visit with CIP Collaborators in UPLB - Entomology - Dr. E. Bernard0 - National Crop Protection Center - Dr. R. Davide - Institute of Plant Breeding - Dr. E. Rasco 1989 of SAPPRAD Program of UPWARD Program Research - Dr. - Dr. P. Batugal R. Rhodes Station 16 September AM Overview Overview PM Visit CIP's 1989 at CIP-Canlubang 17 September AM PM Team Discussions Meet IRRI Director General, General, Dr. Dr. K. Lampe E. Javier Meet AVRDC Director 18 September AM 1989 Collaborative Research on Tropical Agronomy - Dr. A. Demagante Collaborative Research on Late Blight - Drs. S. Badol, E. Bayosan of Northern Philippines Root Crop Research and Training Center, Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet Meet Executive Director PCARRD, Dr. R. Valmayor ANNEX IV - Page 7 Collaborative Research in Sweet Potato Utilization Truong Van Den, M. Palomar, Visayas State College Agriculture, Baybay, Leyte PM CIP Regional Discussions 19 September 1989 Training with Program - Dr. Staff P. Vander Zaag - Drs. of CIP Regional AM Travel to Manila and Meeting with Mr. Lantican, Executive Secretary Research and Extension, Philippines Ninistry of Agriculture and AVRDC Board Member. 19-27 September 1989 Guanzhou Dr. Liu Shi-Xian, Vice President, Guandong Academy Sciences; Dr. Song Bo Fu, CIP Regional and Dr. P. Vander Zaag. 1989 c J. China, 19 September PM Arrival Meeting with of Agricultural Representative; 20 September 1989 Visit Sweet Potato Research and Facilities Station of Guandong Academy of Agricultural 21 September 1989 Wu Shangzhong, Laboratory President at Experimental Sciences Discussions with Dr. Zuxia, Director S.P. Discussions Institute, Travel Zaag 22 September CAAS, Dr. Upland Crops Peng with Chen Chao-Qing, and Dr. Fen Zu-Xia and Discussions Director, with Dr. to Beijing 1989 Song and Dr. Vander Visit Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, National Genebank, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Discussions with Dr. Song Bo Fu. Prof. Jiang Chao-Yu, Director, and Crop 23 September 1989 Station to visit the Field trip to Togxian County Experiment TPS Breeding and Yield Trials ANNEX IV - Page 8 Discussions with Drs. Qu Dong Yu, Zhang Heling, Wang Jun, Jiemin, Qu Dongyu, Liu-Hubei, Li-Heilongjiang and Zhang 24 September Panel 25 September AM 1989 Meeting 1989 Institute Research is of CAAS where carried out. Liu Visit the Plant Protection Bacterial Wilt Resistance with Dr. Li-Yuan Travel by Train 1989 in Xuzhou to Xuzhou the Discussion PM 26 September AM Arrival Meeting with Prof. Sheng Jialian of Sweet Potato Research 27 September AM 1989 at Xuzhou with and Prof. Zhu, Project Leader Final Discussions P. Vander Zaag Visits L. Fresco Drs. Song Bo Fu and K. Other Dr. met in Wageningen, the Netherlands with: Dr. H. Beukema, Director International Potato Course, International Agricultural Center Dr. J. Hardon, Director of Center for Genetic Resources Emeritus of Plant Breeding, Dr. J. Hermsen, Professor Agricultural University Professor of Temperate Crop Science Dr. P. Struik, Dr. L. Turkensteen, Institute of Plant Pathology Research Dr. D. van der Zaag, Foundation of Plant Breeding ANNEX V MAIN PHASE OF THE EPR (16 November - 6 December 1989) A. PROGRAM 16 November AM Drs. Joint 1989 and Hardin meet with Dr. Dr. R.L. Sawyer Sawyer Tossell Meeting EPR/EMR Teams with Meetings Separate PM Joint Panels visits, assign 17 November 11:30 AM and PM EPR/EMR Panel Meeting EPR/EMR Teams to exchange experience from country prepare program review phase, and meet separately discuss issues, responsibilities 1989 Presentation Panel based 1989 to CIP Staff with Headquarters Members meet individually CIP Scientists 18 November AM Panel Members meet individually Department Heads PM Presentation 19 November AM Joint 1989 Meeting to Dr. Joint 1989 Sawyer's Meeting by Dr. with Thrust Leaders with Panels and Sawyer and Discussion Panel PM Excursion 18:00 20 November AM Beach House Panel Panels meet individually with Drs. J. Valle-Riestra, P. Gregory, K.J. Brown and P. Accatino Meeting PM Panel ANNEX V - Page 2 21 November AM and PM 18:00 22 November AM Discussion PM Report 18:00 23 November AM Discussion PM Report 18:00 24 November AM Discussion PM Report 18:00 25 November AM 1989 Discussion Panel 1989 with CIP Staff with CIP Departmental Staff Meeting Preparation Panel 1989 with CIP Staff Meeting Preparation Panel 1989 with CIP Staff Meeting Preparation Panel 1989 of First distributed Meeting Drafts to Panel Members Meeting Finalization Drafts Panel 1989 PM First 18:00 26 November AM Joint EPR/EMR Panel Meeting Discuss First Drafts Tour Panel 1989 of Second Draft to Dr. Meeting Sawyer Meeting Followed by Individual Meetings to PM Lima City 18:00 27 November Preparation Sections 18:00 of Drafts Panel ANNEX V - Page 3 28 November AM Finalization Drs. 1989 of Second Draft and Hardin Mere, Rector, (EMR) visit: Universidad National Agraria de La Tossell, Dr. A. Flores Molina Ing, M. Pelaes Bardalez, Director, and Ing. A. Chavez Vargas, Executive Technical Director, Instituto National de Investigation Agraria y Agroindustrial (INIAA) 18:00 29 November Draft Further 18:00 2 December Preparation Panel Meeting 1989 Sawyer as appropriate - 1 December to Dr. Chapters Revisions Panel 1989 of Final 1989 of Drafts Meeting Draft of Report 3 - 4 December Printing of Report 1989 of Report 1989 of Report to CIP Staff to CIP's Board of Trustees 5 December Presentation 6 December Presentation ANNEX V - Page 4 B. CIP STAFF MET BY PANEL Senior Management R.L. Sawyer, Director General J. Valle-Riestra, Deputy Director General W.A. Hamann, Assistant to the Director General P. Gregory, Director of Research K.J. Brown, Director of Regional Programs Associate Director for Regional Research P. Accatino, A. Fajardo, Executive Officer Research Breeding H. E. A. M. K. J. Departments and Genetics Mendoza, Head of Department Carey Golmirzaie Scurrah Watanabe Landeo Resources Genetic P. F. Z. C. Schmiediche, Head of Department de la Puente Huaman Ochoa (Scientific Associate) and Entomology Nematology P. Jatala, Head of Department K.V. Raman Pathology E.R. French, Head of Department H.M. El-Nashaar G. Forbes U. Jayasinghe L. Salazar Physiology D. Midmore, J. Dodds Social Head of Department Science Head of Department D. Horton, G. Prain G. Scott ANNEX V - Page 5 C. Crissmann P. Ewe11 R. Rhoades Research Support Head of Department F. Cisneros, J. Bryan Training F. Ezeta, Information C. H. J. F. Acting Head of Department Sciences Head of Department Acting Siri, Rincon Bemis Cabrejos ANNEX VI CIP’ S RESPONSE TO TBE ~E~~~~ENDATIO~S OF THE SECOND EXTERNAL PROGRAMREVIEW Recommendation I: Taxonomic monographs of the wild species be prepared. Professor 0choa”s book “Potatoes of South America: CIP Response: Bolivia” is in press with April 1990 as the expected date of Be is working on two additional books to classify the publication. Professor J.G. Bawkes and Dr. species of Colombia, Peru and Ecuador. J. P. Hjerting, just published an extensive taxonomic monograph on Andean (particularly Bolivian) wild and cultivated potato species. Recommendation the following Bulbocastana, 2: Emphasis should be given to biosystematic studies series and species Etuberosa Acaulia, Pinnatisecta, Polyadenia, Longipedicellata, and Demissa. in CIP Response: Extensive studies were made on series Etuberosa, Acaulia nnd Tuberosa at CIP, and series Pinnatisecta and Bulbocastana were studied and utilized in a program of germplasm enhancement through a research contract with the Agricultural University of Wageningen, The Me therlands . The two Mexican series Polyadenia and Longipedicellata are and 24 accessions in CIP’ s represented with a total of only four species collection, and CIP has been unable to return to Mexico for more collections. The series Demissa is represented by 12 accessions, and systematic work on this series was carried on at the International Potato Station, Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin, (USA). Recommendation 3: An Atlas potentials be prepared. of the wild species and their breeding se. They feel See comments CIP does not plan to publish CIP Response: that the books by Ochoa, Hawkes and Hjerting in Chapter 3 of the current review. Recommendation 4: space be provided reliable flowering an Atlas -per will suffice. Adequate, suitable, temperature-controlled for the breeding program at headquarters and successful pollination of parental greenhouse to assure stocks. A major new screenhouse was constructed CIP Response: research on flowering has been conducted. Management controlled need for a further investment in temperature at present. Obtain more systematic information Recommendation 5: pest distribution incidence and crop losses to help best balance within and among Thrusts. and considerable does not feel the greenhouse space on disease to determine and the ANNEX VI - Page 2 CIP Response: Disease (bacteria and fungi) surveys were conducted the following countries in collaboration with Institute for Plant Pathology Research (IPO) Wageningen: 1983/84 1984 Rwanda, Burundi, Zaire, Colombia, Ecuador, 1985 1986 Pakistan, Guatemala. Turkey, in Information on pest distribution is an entomologist was located in Kenya African countries. An entomologist Caribbean to study the distribution Recommendation 6: Increased emphasis and screening technology to facilitate support team in Nematology. being gathered. Dr. Bruce Parker, for studies across East and Central is presently to be located in the of important sweet potato insects. on the attempts to improve testing a reduction in size on the large Effective and reliable methods of screening for CIP Response: The resistance to major nematode pests of potatoes were developed. screening technology for determination of resistance to Globodera spp. was further improved through association with Dr. Mugniez, of France’ who spent a year of leave at CIP. The recommendation on size reduction in the nematology support team was implemented with emphasis given to increase the Entomology support staff. Recommendation 7: Agronomic work directed to the lowland should be maintained at about the current low level until bacterial wilt resistance is combined with heat tolerance. CIP Response: This work was greatly dramatically increased in the regions. El-Nashaar, CIP plans for the work to The distribution of adapted germplasm good performance of the germplasm has humid tropics such time as reduced at headquarters and With the recent hiring of Dr. pick up again at headquarters. with bacterial wilt resistance and now occurred. Recommendation 8: A part of the research effort of the department (Social Sciences) be directed to the analysis of broad policy issues and the development of analytical information as general guidelines for the orientation of the center’ s overall research effort. Collaboration with IFPRI should be sought where appropriate. An increasing share of the Group’ s resources is allocated CIP Response: to research that addresses policy issues. This is reflected in a number of project titles: “Constraints to potato and sweet potato production and use”; “patterns and trends in potato and sweet potato production and use” ; “potato geography”; “marketing and demand”; “impact studies”; “evaluations of seed programs” ; “potato and sweet potato consumption and nutrition”. Results are presented in numerous publications: Potato Atlas, Underground Crops, Potatoes, Potato in the Human Dig, World Potato Geography (forthcoming) and Domestic Food Marketing (forthcoming). Results are used by CIP management, national programs, and donors in planning and implementing potato and sweet potato projects and programs. ANNEX VI - Page 3 CIP has collaborated with IFPRI via Dr. Horton’ s sabbatical (1984-1985) and a research contract under which IFPRI (B. Stone) is producing background documentation on potato and sweet potato production and use in China. Recommendation 9: CIP study the creation of an appropriate administrative position, from a programming point of view, projects with strong social science components that do not the present thrusts. CIP Response: Thrust X was created in 1983 as a preferred for fall research within alternative. Recommendation 10: Develop a research network proposed by the Social Science Department and that initially it include, if necessary, social scientists not related to national potato programs. Funding for the proposed network was not obtained. CIP Response: However, headquarters staff have increased cooperative projects with national scientists. Two postdoctoral fellows have been posted to regional locations and four additional international scientists will join regional programs in 1989. Two locally hired social scientists have been posted in India. Recently, two formal networks have been established, with special funding: PRACIPA marketing network and Asian food systems network. Recommendation farmers as its ClP Response: 11: Regional prime target. CIP continued research with this continue approach. to consider resource-poor Recommendation 12: CIP continue conferences as a proven, highly research activities and priorities CIP Response: CIP continued CIP study level. this the practice of arranging planning effective means for assuring that CIP’ s are periodically updated. practice. the support staff ratio Recommendation 13: to a more effective CIP Response: ways to increase Implemented. ANNEX VII AN OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH FACILITIES AT CIP Resources for support of research within Peru consist of research stations and contracted private lands; facilities, such as screenhouses and laboratories (including equipment); and services, such as computer and statistics capabilities and the seed systems unit. Research Stations four research stations for field represent various agro-ecological three growing season seasons seasons seasons CIP Staff currently utilize and greenhouse work. These stations growing areas as follows: - La Molina Huancayo San Ramon Yurimaguas - coastal - highlands, - mid-level, - lowland, desert, 3,280 humid humid sea-level, - m, one growing tropics, 800 m, two growing 180 m, two growing tropics, The Yurimaguas site is borrowed from the Ministry of Agiculture and is the only station not under CIP’ s full control. In addition to these permanent sites of field research, contracts with both farmers and universities in different parts of the country provide additional space to alleviate space problems. For example, in the coastal area CIP uses as much land through these contracts as is available in La Rolina. Generally, the tests conducted at these contract sites are well cared for and effective although problems do arise from time to time. The process for land allocation to projects begins with a project request which proceeds through the Head of the Research Support Department, the Director of Research, and the Thrust Manager. Overall approval of location and amounts of area used is finally left to the Director General for financial and security reasons. Security problems at the Huancayo Highlands Station have somewhat curtailed activities there. The field maintenance of the potato collection and 70-80X of the genetic crosses are conducted there. Contracted land in another highland region, Cajamarca, helps to alleviate the situation but has restrictions due to some pest problems. A new highland station at Quito, Ecuador, will greatly alleviate the Huancayo situation. The major obstacle to use of the Quito station is the pathogen-tested status of the clones needed to conduct research. CIP has allotted some priority in the pathogen-testing process to breeder clones to form the basis of the continuation of the work on-site However, at the rate of clean-up of 500 clones/year, the in Quito. entire collection will not be available for use in Quito for 7-8 years. ANNEX VII - Page 2 In general, considering all the options available, prospects for continuation of highland potato activities at or near the present level are good. The level of activity at the San Ramon station is little affected so far by security problems, although, as is the case with all outlying stations, no international staff are posted there. The major constraint at this station is the added pressure of the sweet potato work. Rotation, within the present framework of both crops, cannot cope with the bacterial wilt problems. The added strain from sweet potatoes has forced a more structured and complicated management system for this station which actually leads to more efficient management of the resources. However, the anticipated increase in sweet potato activities over the next five to ten years will need to be addressed more carefully by CIP in terms of where the research will be conducted and how it fits with potatoes. The Yurimaguas humid tropics test site present. station provides an excellent lowland, hot, for sweet potatoes with few problems apparent at The La Molina station is now used mostly for germplasm maintenance and evaluation with other testing occurring in nearby contracted areas. This arrangement appears to be working well with prospects for accommodating the needed research. In general, CIP seems to be coping with and adapting to the political and security threats to its field operations. The major constraint is the rapid start-up of activities in Ecuador. However, there does not appear to be a basis for undue alarm at this point in time. good An additional resource for CIP researchers working at outlying stations is the CIP airplane A new plane was purchased in 1989 to replace the older one. The plane serves to drastically reduce travel time and hazards to CIP staff and is particularly important now that staff will need to travel to Quito. The Panels consider this a valuable resource. Facilities Screenhouse/greenhouse area has increased since the second EPR. These facilities are also allocated on a request basis to the Head of the Research Support Department. Most of the screenhouse work at CIP needs to be conducted in screenhouses for the purpose of isolation from insects. Because of the addition of sweet potatoes, a more rigorous evaluation of requests for this space is conducted now than in the past. New plant beds have been constructed outside and projects that are judged not to have a need for a high level of isolation are allocated plant bed space. This procedure appears to be meeting most needs for space even though researchers are usually not allocated 100% of their requested space. ANNEX VII - Page 3 A new sweet potato quarantine screenhouse is nearing completion and, with this, quarantine needs for space are adequately addressed for the Center’ s proposed level of activity over the next five years. Laboratory facilities are generally sufficient to meet current needs within the context of CIP’ s no growth, lean mode of operation. With the completion of the new sweet potato tissue culture/virology building, needs for those two areas should be met for the next five to The tissue ten years with perhaps the exception of biotechnology. culture/virology building was not designed to accommodate research activities in biotechnology. However, space will be made available when the current tissue culture space is vacated and that space could provide additional laboratory space for biotechnology activities. A new building has been approved which will house, in part, training facilities for visiting scientists and trainees in biotechnology, but The will not contain permanent laboratory stations for current staff. actual construction of this building depends on the political situation in Peru. CIP’ s approach to biotechnology, in philosophy as well as facilities, conforms well to TAC’ s concept of the role of biotechnology in the CGIAR. CIP intends to conduct certain components of biotechnology in-house, namely those components which have been advanced to the level of practical applicability (such as RFLP analysis, and certain Addition of a molecular components of transformation procedures). biologist at the post-doe level has been approved in principle. Computer Services The Computer Unit at CIP is in a process of evaluation following an assessment of computer needs by an outside consulting The current Computer Unit is composed of five people supervised group. by the Head of Information Sciences. A Computer Committee has been formed and is addressing major continuing issues, such as developing a plan for computerization of the Center and periodically assessing needs. Implementation of the recommendations and suggestions of the consulting study are agreed to in principle and are well underway. The awareness of the urgent needs of CIP staff in this area was transmitted to the Management through the consultants’ report and the general opinion is that Management is reacting to meet those needs in line with the report recommendations. The most immediate need, however, is for a qualified computer specialist to coordinate these activities. Statistics Unit Within the last six months a Statistics Unit has been developed by separating staff with statistics expertise from the Computer Unit. The Statistics Unit now consists of two persons under the supervision of the Head of Information Sciences. One of them serves as the coordinator of the Unit (M.Sc. level). A statement of mission has been defined. The Panel commends CIP for this action which recognizes and strengthens the contribution of statistics to the research program. The Statistics IJnit now needs to be integrated into the research process. It is mainly used on an individual scientist request basis. The Unit would like to ANNEX VII - Page 4 assure that all research done at CIP has the proper statistical input where it is needed by advising on statistical processes in data accumulation and analysis. Plans are underway to raise the awareness by CIP staff at the Headquarters and regional levels of the capabilities of the Unit through individual and group sessions. Short training courses at the regional level are under consideration. Seed Sys terns The Seed Systems Unit operates under the Director of Regional Programs. It supplies CIP scientists with germplasm and is also responsible for germplasm distribution to regional programs, In addition, the Seed Systems Unit has a program function in its in-country seed handling responsibility to work with NARS in developing and production systems. ANNEX VIII GERMPLASM DISTRIBUTED BY CIP AND RELEASED/NAMED FARMERS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, 1973-1989 BY NARS OR GROWN BY Region Country Origin UP Number Original Name/Code Local Name Major Attributes I Bolivia UP UP UP UP MEX 3740805 374125.1 374126.1 374127.1 72005.5 72002.5 382032.1 800950 P-3 Runa Totalapa Kory Song0 Yutac Sinchi Chascka Fiawi LB, FILB LB LB LB CQ H, E BW LB crt LB LB Fr LB PVY, PVX Pvy, PVX BW. LB BW, LB BW, LB BW, LB, PLRV BW, LB PVY, PVX, LB LB, PLRV, HT. E LB LB LB H. E LB LB LB, PVX, PW LB, FT LB LB LB LB BW, LB LB PVY LB LB BW. LB LB, BW, PLRV CQ LB LB 6.5ZA-5 MarCa 7-10 G-3 P-2 P-3 Puca Toralapa Mark ICA Sircna INIAP Bastidas Maria Huanca Tahuaqueira Penicholi Sillustani Hailk MUN PER Coiombia Ekuador Peru CIP USA CIP UP UP CIP CIP CIP CIP UP USA USA USA USA USA GBR ARG Venezuela II GxtaRica Cuba 377520s 279142.12 374080.1 3746805 37sos732 377904.4 379735.1 379735.3 BRA3.65 800226 800942 ExKFxo 800977 720088 380013.2 BR-63.74 BR-69.84 BR-63.15 BR-? 79G14 B-71-%0.2 Yana Molinera Caxamarca Molinera II HuanuqueRa Amapola San Juan Achirana Andinita CIP MEX Tolbcan 800926.1 377257.1 720054 MS-3.5.22R LT-1 Tollwan Tollocan Loman P-3 Tollocan IraZU USA CIP MEX El Sahr;ldor Guatemala MEX MEX/CIP CIP 3740805 378699.2 3787115 380506.10 go0949 720118 LT-1 Tollwan Tollocan ICJFA Chiquirichapa IaA Kinigi Muzitanzara MUNCH Paquix III Burundi CIP CIP CIP RWA MEX MEX KEN MEX Sangema cNZ3 Sangema Ndinamagara Uganda-11 Kenya Baraka 148 Murca 720047 378501.16 800224 720025 720050 573275 Kenya Baraka Anita BR-112.114 BR-63.76 Mariva CGN-69-1 ASN@-1 Anita Sissay AMW Kenya Dhamana Mariva - CIP USA USA PER MEX MEX ANNEX VIII GERMPLASM DISTRIBUTED FARMERS IN DEVELOPING BY UP AND RELEASED/NAMED COUNTRIES, 19751989 - Page 2 BY NARS OR GROWN 131’ Region Country Origin CIP Number Original Name/Code MS-? Local Name Major Attributes USA .Uadagascar PER MEX CIP USA Maiawi ARG MEX MEX u.54 Mauritius Rwanda USA CIP CIP BEL RWA MEX MEX MEX MEX MEX MEX GBR USA MEX PER Zaire CIP MEX RWA MEX MEX BEL USA V Nigeria Senegal VI Sri Lanka Nepal USA USA IND IND MEX IND DEU Bhutan VII Figi Philippines Thailand Tonga DEU ARG ARG ARG IND ARG ARG 72aJfB Row3 676171 676005 676003 377852.1 800224 72oim America Mariva Kinga BODA Rosita LB, BW Mariva cFK-69-1 BW Grupo I BR63.76 B-71-240.2 Rcxsita cFK-69-1 BR-63.76 BR-69.84 Kinigi Peters GEiSQ28 Sangema Montsama Murca CN2.a 148 6.524-s CGi’ i-69-1 EL41 2329 K59A (26) 800224 72cm4 720025 378699.2 7200.55 8aow9 720049 72ou45 8oQ95.5 Eao224 803224 800174 65-24-S Sangema Montsama Atzimba GlXSO43 BR-63.76 BR-63.76 DTO-33 I-108.5 I-822 cFs69-1 m-69-1 NPI-106 NH-103 B-71-240.2 B-71-240.2 -E71-240.2 I-1035 E71-240.2 Serrana ImA BR-63.76 cFK-69-1 Mariva CQ LB BW. LB LB. BW. PLRV PLRV, LB, HT, E LB LB LB, BW. PLRV LB. BW LB LB 720084 8ooz24 soo22i5 378699.2 38COS3.2 800955 800949 720049 72@397 720118 7200.55 ROOSO 720145 Gasore Sangema Montsama Gahinga CrUZa Nseko Kinkondo Subera Bulongwa LB, E LB LB LB :LB. BW LB LB 1-B .LB LB LB CQ Tanzama Kinigi Nseko Sangema Montsama LB LB LB LB LB ILB. E :LB, BW, PLRV LB, BW, PLRV HT,E :LB, E, HT :LB. E, HT LB. W :LB. W LB, W, PLRV, PW LB, W, PLRV, PW ‘ PLRV, LB, E Atzimba Gasore Naataange Sita Krushi Dalisay Dalisay Montaiiosa FANG 60 Senana PLRV, E, LB ‘ LB. PLRV, HT. E LB LB, PLRV, HT. E Storability, PLRV, PVX 72cO87 ANNEX VIII GERMPLASM DISTRIBUTED BY CIP AND RELEASED/NAMED FARMERS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, 1973-1989 - Page 3 RI BY NARS OR GROW Region Country Origin CIP Number Original Name/Code Serrana INTA E71-240.2 CFK-69-1 E71-240.2 Atzimba P-3 DTO-33 Mi Peru Serrana Ih’ A E71-240.2 CFK-69-1 ccc-573.9 Local Name Major Attributes Vanuatu Vietnam ARG ARG 720087 now nw 72008 720045 3740805 800174 Row2 720087 720088 720084 720082 Serrana B.71 Dalat 004 Dalat 006 Dalat 012 P-3 DTO-33 CIP-18 EM.178.1 CIP-24 CIP-21 Storage, yield, PLVR Storage, yield LB LB, PLRV, H-I, E LB LB I’ VX MEX ARG MEX UP VIII China USA PER ARG ARG MEX COL HT,E CQ PLRV. PVX LB. PLRV. E LB LB SUMMARY No. of Countries Cultivars Major attributes Latm America Africa Asia 9 11 lo 30 31 47 24 102’ BW, LB, PVY, PVX, PLRV. E. HT. CQ. Cyst. I--I BW, LB, PW, PLRV. E. IIT, CQ BW, LB, HT, PLRV, PVY, W, E, Storage Abbreviations: BW LB IT I-IT PVX P\?’ PLRV W = = = = = = = = = = = Bacterial Wilt Resistance Late Blight Resistance Frost Tolerance Heat Tolerance Potato Virus X Resistance Potato &us Y Resistance Potato LeafroIl Virus Resistance Blachwan Resistance Cooking Quality Globodexa Earliness CQ c>*;t E spp.Resistance . Total is based on the number of cultivars per country. Of these, 18 have been released in more than one country, accounting for 3 of 11x 102 total fultivxs. One cultivar (B-71-240.2) has been released or is grown in 9 countries. ANNEX IX GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS AGRI S AVRDC CAB1 CARD1 CGIAR CIAT CIMMYT CIP CPRI DLS EHR EPR IBPGR IITA IDRC IFPRI ILCA ILRAD International Information Sciences and Technology Asian Vegetable (Taiwan) Commonwealth International) Caribbean Institute Consultative Research Centro Research Agricultural System (Italy) for Agricultural Center (CAB and Development Bureau Research International and Development Agricultural Tropical Agricultural Group on International de Agricultura de Mejoramiento International (Colombia) Centro International (Mexico) Centro Central International Potato de Maiz y Trigo de la Papa (Peru) Institute (India) Research storage diffused-light External External International International (Nigeria) International International International International Diseases Nanagement Program Review Review for Plant Genetic Resources Agriculture Center Institute Africa in Animal (Canada) Board Institute of Tropical Research Research Center for for Development Food Policy Livestock Laboratory Research ANNEXIX - Page 2 INTA IPM ISU IRRI NARS PRCRTC PRECODEPA PROCIPA PSTV RFLP SD1 SPFMV SPLV SPMMV TAC TPS UNA UNDP Instituto National (Argentina) Integrated Information International National Philippine Pest de Tecnologia Management Unit Research Institute Systems and Training Center Agropecuaria Services Rice Agricultural Research Root Crops Research Cooperativo Programa Regional America-Caribbean) de Papa (Central en Papa Programa Cooperativo de Investigation (Southeast Region of South America) Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid Length Restriction Selective Fragment Dissemination Feathery Latent Mild Polymorphism of Information Mottle Virus Sweet Potato Sweet Potato Sweet Potato Technical True Potato National United Virus Mottle Virus Advisory Seed Committee Agrarian Nations University (Peru) Program Development ANNEXx RESEARCH ORGANIZATION DEPARTMENTS Genetic Breeding Pathology Resources and Genetics and Entomology Nematology Physiology Social Sciences THRUSTS I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X Collection, Genetic Production Control Control Integrated Warm-Climate Cool-Climate Post-Harvest Potato Maintenance, Resources and Distribution of Bacterial of Virus Pest of Advanced Diseases Diseases Production Production Breeding Material and Fungal and Utilization of Unexploited and Virus-Like Management Potato Potato and Sweet Potato and Sweet Potato Technology in Food Systems Seed Technology and Sweet Potato REGIONS I II III IV V VI VII VIII Andean Latin Non-Andean East North Africa America Latin America Africa East Africa and Southern and the Middle West and Central South Asia Southeast China Asia MIU2235Ell I1 2.901400