Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research Mailing Address: 1818 Ii Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. Office Location: 801 19th Street, N.W. Telephone (Area Code 202) 473-8951 Cable Address-lNTBAFRAD Fax (Area Code 202) 334-8750 From: The Secretariat September ICW/91/19 13, 1991 International October Centers' Week 28 - November 1. 1991 Washington D.C. Agenda Item 7 Progress in Establishing an International Forestrv Research Entitv and StrateFv and Linkages Between ICRAF and the New Entitv During its mid-term meeting in Paris in May 1991, the CGIAR appointed ACIAR to implement the establishment of an international entity as a focal point for forestry research within the CGIAR. Accordingly, a paper has It is been prepared by ACIAR and has been transmitted to the Secretariat. attached for the Group's consideration under agenda item 7. The paper describes the process being followed by ACIAR to establish a new forestry entity. These actions include development of a Constitution, selection of a Board of Trustees and Director General, criteria for choice of location, proposed name of the entity, and proposals for preliminary research planning. Also included are measures to ensure coordination of complementary research of mutual interest to both the new entity and ICRAF. acceptance The Group will be invited to comment on, and to confirm of, the process being followed by ACIAR. its Attachment Distribution CGIAR Members Center Board Chairmen Center Directors TAC Chairman, Members, Observers Secretariat Australian Centre for international Agricultural Research 3rd Fbor. Drake Cenue, 10 Moore Street. Camerra, A.C.T. 2601 G.P.O. Box 1571, Canbem. hC.T. 2601. Australta. Tel. @62j 48 8588 Fax lO62J 57 3051 lint Code 6162) TelexM 62419 E-Mail: Ddcbm: 6007:l4ROO1 CGNET: 157:CGl034 File:. 91/722 11 September 1991 Dr Alexander van der Osten Executive Secretary CGIAR Secretariat World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC. 20433 United States of America Dear Dr van der Osten, Process Paner - CGIAR Forest= Entity Attached is ACIAR's process paper prepared for ICW 91 under the terms of The paper reports on progress to date in establishing the our agreement. new forest entity (which we have proposed calling the International Forestry Research Institute), and outlines the approach we propose to adopt to bring IFRI to the point where its management (Board of Trustees and This approach takes fully into Director General) can take over the reins. account the agreement reached with CGIAR at its mid-term meeting in May 1991. The planning process is scheduled to be completed by November 1992; however ACIAR remains willing to continue to provide support to IFRI during the early implementation phase (which could be up to mid-1993) if necessary. We seek endorsement by CGIAR of our approach, as reflected There are however a number of issues upon which ve would guidance from the CGIAR before proceeding further. (1) Location in the report. appreciate some In its initial screening of potential host countries, ACIAR is being guided by the recommendations of the Working that the Group headquarters be located in Asia, in a developing country where forestry is considered important. Being mindful of the fact that IFRI, at leaast in its early stages, will be highly decentralised and operate in a collaborative/contractual mode, does the CGIAR wish us to proceed solely on the basis of Asia, or should the net be videned to include Africa and Latin America, and should developed countries be excluded? (2) Governance ACIAR invites comment on the composition of the Board of Trustees, to be 12 members including currently proposed three ex officio General of IFRI, representative of the host country members: Director /2... -2and the Chairperson of the Board 'of Trustees of ICRAF. We also propose that the Director General of ICRAF be invited to attend Board meetings as an observer, and that these arrangements with ICRAF be reciprocated by ICRAF vith regard to its own Bpard. Given the need to ensure a wide representation geographically,'.across disciplines within forestry and among developing countries and donors on the Board, does the CGIAR consider that nine members is sufficient to cover this range? Should ICRAF representation be increased in relative or absolute terms, given that there are numerous fora whereby the respective DGs of ICRAF and IFRI have opportunities for interaction and programme co-ordination. (3) Budget Members will note that the Budget for 1991/92 and 1992/93 presented in the report varies little from the initial estimates (in aggregate $3.03 million as against $3.0 million) but there has been a proportionately greater amount allocated for research planning and implementation in 1992/93 ($2.0 million as against $1.5 million). Should planning proceed as anticipated, it is highly probable that increased funding for research vi11 be required in 1993. ACIAR seeks endorsement of this broad budgetary strategy at this stage, being mindful that a more refined research budget will be provided to TAC for consideration early in 1992 when proposals are more firm. I commend the report Yours sincerely, for the endorsement of the CGIAR. G.H.L. Rothschild Director per D.I. Principal Bevege Adviser ..+. . . . ’ AGRICULTURAL RESiWKH PROCESS PAPER ON ITS ESTABLISHMENT Partners in Agricultural Research A PROGRESS REPORTTO THE CONSULTATIVE'GRO~, ON INTERl?ATIONALAGRICUL~ RESEARCH INTFZNATIONAL C- WEEK1991 WASHINGTON [file CGTAC4.L11] 10 September 1991 Process paper on the establishment of the International Forestry Research Institute IIFRI) Contents . 1. 2. 3. 4. 4a. 4b. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Introduction Composition of the ACIAR team and proposals with ICRAF and other relevant bodies The mode of operation A possible Illustrative Illustrative research for strategic agenda for IFRI topics, topics, possible unique to forestry vith ICRAF forestry for interactions research E&E 1 l-3 3-4 4-6 6 6-7 7-9 research research in commonality activities Implications of IFRI's of partners for the identification 9 Planned approach to selection Planned approach to selection Choice of location Draft Draft establishment headquarters of the Board of Trustees of the Director General 9-10 10-12 for the headquarters of IFRI for IFRI host country agreement and constitution agreement vith procedures entity potential 12 12 12 12-14 15-16 17-19 20-23 24-39 Governance and operating Choice of name for the forestry schedule of 1991-92 activities for 1991-92 activities establishment constitution headings 'Annexl- for ACIAR's implementation for ACIAR's implementation Annex 2 - budget Annex 3 - draft Annex4draft agreement for IFRI for IFRI Annex 5 - draft Annex 6 - choice for a strategic plan for IFRI entity 40-42 43-44 of name for the forestry Process paper on the establishment of the International Forestrv Research Institute (IFRI). 1. Introduction The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) was appointed by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) to implement the establishment of an international entity to undertake made at the mid-term forestry research vithin the CGIAR. This appointment, meeting of the CGIAR in Paris in May 1991, is another step in the process initiated tvo years earlier at the mid-term meeting in Canberra by the declaration of intent to incorporate forestry and natural resources into the CG system. The objective of ACIAR is laid down in the letter of understanding, This letter signed between the CG Secretariat and ACIAR on 22 August 1991. states that ACIAR is to complete all actions necessary to establish the new forestry entity as a legal entity operating under its charter under the direction of its board of trustees not later than 18 months from the date of Specifically, ACIAR will: the letter. identify potential (1) selected host country; host countries and initiate discussion with the prepare the necessary legal documents, such as the charter of the (2) entity headquarters agreement vith the host country and make and its arrangements for their signature or adoption, as the case may be; identify suitable candidates for membership in the initial (3) trustees of the new entity and arrange for their participation establishment of the new entity as appropriate: assist (4) identification the designated of a suitable members of the initial Director-General: Board of Trustees Board of in the in the prepare, by 31 December 1992, a tentative initial (5) budget for the early consideration of the new entity: carry (6) the objective 2. out such other of establishing work programme and activities as are necessary or useful to achieve the new forestry entity as stated above. for interaction with ICRAF Comnosition of the ACIAR team and nrooosals and other relevant bodies The ACIAR team is led by Dr. Ian Bevege, on secondment from the Australian International Development Assistance Board (AIDAB). The full strength of ACIAR, with its seven technical programmes, corporate management services, is available and support for this effort. Numerous Australian organizations have relevant experience for this operation; representatives of some of them (AIDAB, ANUTECH, CSIRO, DPIE) attended an initial meeting at ACIAR HQ during 12-16 August. Also present at that meeting were staff from FAO Forestry Department, IDRC, Japan, U.K. Overseas Development and a member of ICRAF's Board of Governors. Administration, The broad representation of views at consultative and collaborative objective. this meeting are an early indication approach which ACIAR will use in pursuit of the of the the meeting considered suggestions for a name for Among other topics, "The International Forestry the new forestry entity: see section ,12 below. Research Institute" (IFRI) follows the CGIAR practice and conserves the While recognising that letters' FRI which are well understood by foresters. the final decision on the name rests with CGIAR, ACIAR proposes to use this name and its acronym throughout the planning and development process, and seeks early endorsement of its use by CGIAR. establishment of consult widely during the IFRI. ACIAR will Participants at the August meeting reviewed more than 130 individuals agroforestry and tropical land use. Many of these concerned with forestry, people had been involved in the outreach group used by the TAC forestry, Individuals were agroforestry and combined panels during 1989 and 1990. classified by their research speciality, by the five priority areas identified in 1988 by the International Task Force on Forestry Research which reported to the "Bellagio 11" meeting at Wiston House, and by the continent in which they are currently working. A sub-set of the individuals has been invited to form an immediate contact group for rapid response to ACIAR proposals for organisation of IFRI and during development of the draft strategic plan. Working groups may also be convened from this large list, to help develop proposals for specific research programmes to be undertaken by the Institute. ACIAR recognises that it is the legal responsibility of the incoming Board of and Director Trustees General to devise the research and implement programmes. However, in response to the concerns for rapid initiation of activities by the nev Institute, ACIAR feels that it is justified in preparing the ground in some detail; these concerns were expressed by the donors at the planning has mid-term meeting of the CGIAR in May and the approach to detailed been encouraged by the CG Secretariat. A regular news sheet ("INFORESEARCH") is being circulated widely by ACIAR. The news sheet will report on progress with IFRI and feedback will be invited. All the IARCs and non-associated Centres have been included on the mailing list, together with the major donors and international NGOs. In addition, the news sheet will be sent to national forestry research services and IUFRO member organizations in developing countries, the coordinators of .TFAP National Forestry Action Plans and the international leaders of TFAP missions. ACIAR plans to meet with interested DGs of the IARCs and non-associated Centres during ICW91. Progress will be reported, prospects will be outlined, and collaboration will be invited. This may be the appropriate occasion to draw up a calendar of visits by ACIAR to the relevant Centres, to review their current activities related to forestry research and to discuss collaborative efforts in more detail. In the same step-by-step mode, contacts will be established with national forestry research services and universities which manage forestry research in developing countries, as well as with regional organizations which Similarly, could collaborate in strategic research activities. specialised forestry and forestry-related research institutes in developed countries which . have active programmes with their developing country counterparts vi11 be contacted, with a viev to their eventual involvement in collaborative research and outreach programmes with developing countries under the aegis of IFRI. 3 '. The mode of oneration for strategic forestrv research Some donors and many national forestry research services have doubted They that a single global institute could be effective in forestry research. argued that the majority of forestry problems .vere quite specific in the economic and cultural, combination of biophysical conditions and social, It vould not be easy to develop general principles political environments. However, the CGIAR does vhich could be applied to solve widespread problems. These require applied and not seek to solve location-specific problems. adaptive research by national forestry and forestry-related services, using their special local knowledge to refine and apply the principles which the CG Centres develop through research at a process level. many farmers in the Unlike most farmers, and especially unlike industrialised countries, foresters in developing countries are usually forced by financial considerations to accept the site conditions as they find them. The foresters then search for the most site-adapted germplasm and management regime which vi11 provide the products and services which they require. Unlike rice and maize, few tropical tree species are very widespread, either ACIAR accepts that a naturally or as a result of deliberate introductions. concentration only on research which is truly global in character vi11 leave enormous numbers of unresearched problems which could be tackled at a slightly lover level of abstraction. in its preparatory work for IFRI's Therefore, research programmes, ACIAR will seek to decentralize parts of the research agendas to regional nodes, ideally associated with CGIAR's proposed network of eco-regional centres. These nodes are not proposed to be institutionalised with significant investment in infrastructure: rather they could be based on existing IARCs or major national research institutions, located in Africa, Asia and Latin America. The nodes might operate with a considerable degree of independence, within a planned collaborative framevork, and be phased in as programme needs dictate and resources permit. Similar genera which contact with .could operate would need for arguments apply to research on individual tree species and have been proved to be generally valuable. ACIAR will make existing networks and associations to determine which of them more effectively in a strategic mode and what resources they collaboration with the research programmes of IFRI. ACIAR accepts the approximately 30:70 ratio proposed for the use of resources between the central effort of IFRI and decentralized activities, but is mindful of CGIAR's position on the development of in-house research capacity. Initially at least, research activities vi11 be collaborative in involving contractual arrangements between research institutions of nature, developing and developed countries working to research programmes developed with IFRI according to its strategic plan. Such arrangements have the benefit that IFRI would be able to exert more direction over the nature and management of the research process than if it were merely a funding agency or "research broker". - 4 Many reviews have commented on the multi-facetted nature of forestry ACIAR expects that the IFRI vi11 operate substantially in an problems. inter-disciplinary manner and that much vork might involve several centres, with multi-disciplinary both inside and outside the CG system, functioning monitoring of organising, and evaluating teams. The sheer complexity strategic research across the immense spectrum of forestry problems will call for highly skilled and experienced teams to vork from the headquarters and nodes. It will be no simple task to assemble such teams but it seems essential should reach a 'critical mass at an early stage. that the staffing levels Manpower needs are expected to be higher than those envisaged in the report by the CGIAR's Working Group. However, they are in line vith those suggested by the CG Secretariat and agreed informally vith some members of the TAC panel on resources management, forestry and agroforestry. Clearly, given that the resources available for core and complementary activities are not unlimited, IFRI will need to set priorities for the selection of research programmes and component projects. ACIAR will prepare a draft strategic plan which will suggest research programmes which may be within the framework developed, and will also design some research initiatives of the plan which may be capable of implementation in 1992, subject to agreement by the incoming Board and Director General. Due consideration vi11 be given to the priorities and strategies proposed by TAC for the CGIAR as a whole, even though the current versions have yet to be formally discussed or adopted by the CGIAR. Principles developed by ISNAR for national programmes of research will be reviewed for their applicability on a global scale. 4. A Dossible research agenda for IFRI The CGIAR has agreed that there be two "anchors" for strategic research on agroforestry and forestry in the land use continuum: ICRAF and the nev entity respectively. A variety of reasons impelled a number of donors to prefer tvo separate Centres, even though there was little disagreement that many major problems to be resolved fell into the area of potentially common ground between the Centres. Mindful of the problems experienced by the CGIAR in the sharing of responsibility amongst some IARCs for research on staple commodity crops, ACIAR firmly believes that this common ground should be seen as a fertile area with potential for benefit rather than conflict. Through mutual cooperation, vorking from respective and complementary strengths, there are opportunities for highly effective collaboration between IFRI and the other CG Centres, notably ICRAF. Recognising the need to allay fears of such conflict with ICRAF and other Centres, ACIAR vi11 suggest firstly those research programmes vhich are believed to fall distinctly vithin the forestry portion of the land use continuum. ACIAR vi11 then lay out proposals for collaborative programmes which reach across into the perceived areas of strength of an evolving ICIIAF. ACIAR is acutely aware of its role as an Implementing Agency in identifying and planning for illustrative research programmes and possible It vi11 clearly be the responsibility of the IFRI Board of projects. 5 Trustees, strategic director General and staff and medium-term plans. to develop IFRI's research agenda and . Accepting this caveat, ACIAR proposes the following draft research refinement and development during the agenda for IFRI, as a basis for further The agendas build upon the areas of research priority implementation phase. identified by the 1988 Internationaltask Force on Forestry Research which panels, reported at the Bellagio II meeting, by TAC's Forestry/Agroforestry and by the CGIAR Working Group on Forestry. IFRI should conduct, promote and support, research that can provide the basis for improving forestry and forest systems in developing countries, specifically in the and development, enhancing both environment thereby following five areas: (a) vatershed management and conservation genetic of forest of natural forests and plantation lb) (cl (d) (el management, ecology germplasm establishment utilization policy, conservation, and marketing improvement products social sciences and economics. a In order to promote linkages betveen the programme areas and develop thematic approach to cross-cutting issues, a set of four common disciplinary objectives might be imposed. These are; (a) understanding the present and potential relationships; environments of biophysical and socio-economic forest systems and forestry, and their functional for sustainable improved productivity of people in developing countries; to assist of forest (b) creating the potential systems for the benefit providing decisions increasing (cl (d) analysis information and advice about forests and land use: national forestry research in making policy capacity. IFRI will give special emphasis to identification of strategic process-orientated research topics of wide relevance to developing countries, in particular to those which have the potential to contribute to CGIAR objectives of helping to contain tropical deforestation, to increase the sustainable productivity of forests, woodland and on-farm trees for the benefit of peoples of those countries. IFRI vi11 formulate a research programme to underpin the science of and maintaining the necessary scientific forestry by developing and technological base and the necessary staff expertise. This programme should be directed towards innovation and technology development and the transfer of I 6 the results of such vork to IFRI's stakeholders for the ultimate benefit of peoples in developing countries. IFRI will give particular attention to areas of forestry research of interest to other IARCs and consider outposting its own scientists to assist those IARCs in integrating relevant areas of forestry This vi11 apply especially to research into their ovn research programmes. IARCs (CIAT, ICARDA, ICRISAT and ICRAF, IBPGR, ISNAR and the eco-regional IITA). 4a. likely 0 _ Illustrative research tonics. uniaue to forestrv to planning trees: emphasis on and of in this context, ACIAR will give speciai consideration strategic research needs in such areas as: germplasm exploration, collection and conservation of forest with 0 selection and breeding for improvement of tree species value-added vood and non-wood products and by-products; improved management of natural conservation; improved including industrial productivity reclamation end uses; forests for sustainable 0 production 0 of forest plantations for timber and pulp Wood, of degraded vaste lands by cash-crop farming for to energy, grovth; vater or nutrient flux and their 0 ecosystem dynamics relating effects on tree and forest 0 utilization and management options for, and improved understanding of, the economic value of lesser knovn forest tree species and traditional crops such as bamboo and rattan, forest foods and fruits, and medicinal products; and marketing policy research on topics that have containing tropical deforestation, for example, improved of timber concession pricing and taxation policies, processing, export and revenue policies. Illustrative research tonics. in commonalitv with ICRAF relevance to understanding industrial 0 4b. This analysis takes into account the suggestions made at the mid-term meeting of the CGIAR in May 1991 that areas of complementary and overlapping research of mutual interest to both IFRI and ICRAF be clearly defined and arrangements spelled out for interchange of staff. In illustrative 0 this area, ACIAR will examples only: consult with ICRAF. The following are for both germplasm exploration, collection multipurpose end uses: selection and breeding for agroforestry and industrial and conservation of woody species trees for 0 improvement purposes: of multipurpose . 7 0 strategic research related to tree establishment methods, for example, . biological nitrogen fixation, mycorrhizal inoculation, nutrition and short rotation tree farming for water use implications of intensive wood and forage production: for maximization management of trees fuelwood, forage and/or timber production; reclamation of degraded lands by using of biomass productivity for trees; people's local including uses, forestry and 'for .encouraging research on incentives policy participation in tree planting for multiple end community farming; tree industrial cash-crop deforestation; 0 policy research aimed at improved understanding of the impact of land agricultural settlement and agroforestry-related technologies tenure, on deforestation. Imulications partners Implications of IFRI's possible activities at three for the identification levels: of 5. can be considered 0 global, vhere IFRI's activities might operate in three modes: (a) dissemination of information resulting from its research programmes; (b) overview of international forestry research, and (c) training in skills which are needed for efficient operation of the research partnerships. regional, the level at which eco-regional problems could be discussed and the strategies devised for research leading to their solution. national, the level at which many or most problems will be identified by the local development and research services for forestry. 0 0 Global The dissemination of information is likely to be a partly passive 'process, in that reports on research do not oblige the recipients to respond. Of course, it is desirable that there is feedback from recipients in order to ensure that IFRI's strategic research remains relevant and that the results are being adapted to the solution of eco-regional and national problems. The monitoring of uptake should be built into IFRI's activities as part of the assessment of its impact: this point has been emphasised recently by the donors in the CGIAR. IFRI will make use of ISNAR's experience and research in building impact assessment into its activities. The mechanics of information flovs will depend on the nature of the information. IFRI will probably use conventional channels for distributing recognising that the CGIAR donors and recent EPRs have research results, stressed the desirability of publications in international refereed journals Service information, such as databases, also rather than in grey literature. have conventional channels for dissemination but vi11 need to be associated * 8 Maturing vith training courses in their use, probably organised regionally. research programmes may use thematic or regional seminars to collate and ICRAF has offered assistance from its substantial disseminate their findings. investigate the possibilities for communications programme and ACIAR will collaboration. In these global activities; as vell as in the collection of information (statistics) about international forestry research on behalf of the donors, it vi11 be no discrimination about partners. is likely that there All institutions vhich could benefit from or contribute to IFRI's vork will be treated as partners. , tvo main approaches are possible. The first is to Concerning training, Programme for developing pursue the ideas developed by IUFRO's Special Countries and commission self-teaching material for in-country use. This route has been suggested by the massive quantity of training required in the methods and management of forestry research in developing countries, a need vhich far outstrips the capacity of formal training courses run in the industrialised countries. It has also been prompted by the almost total lack of suitable teaching material which is geared to the educational reality and social context of developing countries. This need is so general that, again, all institutions are viewed as possible recipients or partners. The second approach is more discriminating and involves the development of training material needed to upgrade skills in direct support of IFRI's research programmes in the partner countries, especially in the national research institutes. Regional The identification of partners at the regional level could be achieved by making use of existing fora. In principle, the FAO regional offices can establish standing committees on research in the regional forestry commissions. It is believed that only the Asia-Pacific region has such a committee at present. The global and regional research associations and networks dealing with specific forestry research topics can also provide both venues and preliminary screening of interested partners; ACIAR has a list of the currently functioning networks and research associations. The commodity and eco-regional IARCs have their own information systems and these can be tapped for both researchable topics and potential partners. National Given that IFRI will be engaged on globally-relevant strategic research rather than location-specific problem solving, IFRI will be looking for national partners which can provide suitable research sites and logistic support. Clearly, for the partnership to York, the national institution must benefit substantially from its association vith IFRI and this could come in various forms. The national staff should gain professionally from working alongside experienced IFRI personnel and from any associated formal training, on an in-service in-country basis or through global and thematic courses. As mentioned above, the latter vi11 be especially important in raising research standards for the field execution of IFRI's research programmes. Study tours overseas travel may be co-financed for partners in IFRI and other collaborative research programmes. - 9 National institutions attractive to IFRI would have control over and access to secure sites for field research and to germplasm. National staff would have a real career interest in research in the relevant field and, some prior experience. preferably, Since IFRI vi11 be in business primarily for research rather than institutional strengthening, the collaborative arrangements are likely to be vith individual programmes and projects rather than vhple institutes, vhere this is legally feasible. Where appropriate, IFRI vi11 work .alongside or in conjunction vith research and institutional strengthening projects financed by multiand Execution of such projects involves a variety bi-lateral donors. of modalities, including the donor's own technical cooperation staff, contractors, and FAO. Given the long experience of FAO in the strengthening IFRI vi11 take especial care to avoid overlap in of national institutions, This will in any case be necessary to prevent the small form or function. numbers of IFRI staff from being diverted from their primary role in research. 6. a Pl nned a ACIAR has taken note of the standards for trustee membership which are closely monitored throughout the CGIAR system by its Secretariat. It will be no easy task to locate technically suitable members for the Board vho also have the time available for CGIAR service. ACIAR believes that it should search for technical quality and interest in association with IFRI first, and then determine if the candidate can set aside the necessary time. Section 2 of this process paper describes how a preliminary list of names has been prepared. This selection was made through a somewhat subjective process during the meeting at ACIAR HQ during 12-16 August. However, there has been an attempt to maintain some balance across the three continental regions and the priority research areas determined in 1988 for the Bellagio II meeting. It is intended to invite the donor members of CGIAR to nominate individuals for consideration as Board members and, from the combined lists, to make appropriate recommendations to CGIAR by mid-December. It is a reflection the staffing of forestry might serve on the Board. 7. of the composition of the forestry research that there are relatively profession and few women who Planned aDDroach to selection of the Director General ACIAR recognises that the selection of the first Director General of IFRI is one of the most critical steps in the process of constituting the new institute. ACIAR proposes to establish a small "search" Secretariat to manage the advertising processing of applications for Director General: in this ACIAR will draw upon the experience of recently active search committees, e.g. ICRAF. ACIAR vi11 provide the incoming Board with terms of reference, including possible criteria for selection of the DG, together with an analysis of the applications, so that the Board can move immediately into "search and selection" mode. The decentralized mode of operation to be used by IFRI and the high degree of collaboration to be sought and maintained vith partner 10 institutions suggests that proven managerial ability would be at least as It is not even clear that important as renown for scientific achievements. The manager the DG should necessarily have a background in forestry research. tree crop of a geographically-dispersed research programme for a perennial or a research scientist from one of the Bellagio II might be quite suitable; Management priority programme areas vith proven strong managerial skills. capacity vi11 be all the more vital because of the donors' desire that the headquarters of IFRI should be small compared with those of other IARCs. Other factors to be considered include the ability to project institutional vision and needs in terms which are meaningful to the continuing discussions on the CGIAR scope and priorities. 8. Choice of location for the headauarters of IFRI _ ACIAR has noted the majority support for the Working Group's report expressed at the CGIAR mid-term meeting 1991, and the endorsement of its recommendations in broad terms. One of these recommendations was that the headquarters be located in Asia and that major activities be undertaken in both Latin America and Africa..... "Criteria for choice vould include (a) a developing country where forestry would clearly is considered important; (b) (cl (d) (e) where the host country where international vhere (ISRRF) is environments; and welcome (ISRRF); conducted: forest research vith activities provided can be conveniently access to vorks suitable where an existing local such an undertaking." institution to actively cooperate In response to the agreement reached at the same meeting to postpone a decision on the location until after ICW 1991, ACIAR has carried out a reviev of potential locations. The participants at the August meeting arranged by ACIAR endorsed eleven preliminary criteria for choice of location, based on an expansion of criteria in the Working Group report. Consideration of criteria vhich could be assessed without consultation vith candidate countries and without visits to potential sites shoved that a location in a developed country vould tend to be favoured if efficiency is a primary consideration. Moreover, the cross-cutting and non-commodity Centres of the CGIAR (IBPGR, IFPRI and ISNAR) are all located in developed countries. However, participants felt that, in order to establish credibility among the stakeholders, and to honour the recommendations of the Working Group, IFRI should preferably be located in a developing country with significant forest resources and activity. At the time of the August meeting, the priority areas for research were agreed as those identified previously for the Bellagio II meeting, and the research objectives developed by the Working Group were seen as providing a viable framework for developing the research programmes. Given the agreement of the mid-term meeting that the initial mode of operation for the nev entity should be through contracting activities and decisions on in-house research capacity should be postponed, the participants identified the following two options as requiring resolution before a firm decision on location can be made. 11 "Given the decentralized mode of operation, does the substance of the research programmes affect substantially the choice of location, or does the choice depend principally on comparative logistic advantage ?" ACIAR has established the following indicators against can be tested. The veightings (in brackets) locations under the first option optimumization under the second option: would be reversed for (a) and (c) (a) - which possible reflect the the veightings Communications and Lopistics (SO) ' . cost electronic support staff, of travel to 8.01 8.02 8.03 international airline easy participating countries; reliable (telephone, connections: international and economic telefax and electronic mail): communications ready availability of locally-recruited (UN official languages) administrative staff; ease and cost of living. Country SUDDOrt multi-lingual staff; and technician/field 8.04 (b) 8.05 8.06 (30) and political stability; country image and movement equipment status for adequate internal security international standing; including unrestricted benefits granted by the host country, and exchange of currency and freedom from import duties for and supplies: immunity privileges international staff; special status income tax. Proeramme (20) proximity libraries proximity capabilities and easy access to adequate and up-to-date and information systems (such as databases); to an established research centre with and having some relation to forestry; strategic and diplomatic or technical cooperation staff 8.07 8.08 in terms of freedom for international from local (cl 8.09 8.10 8.11 technical research sites availability of land and buildings, and access to experimental over a range of agro-ecological zones. be appraised vithout site visits Items 8.05 - 8.08 cannot diplomatic contacts. and preliminary . 12 These criteria were tested by the August meeting against some twenty locations the model; to test ACIAR is now satisfied that objective in order recommendations and rankings can be prepared for consideration by CGIAR. and proposes to proceed with the selection process as a two-stage process; the first stage will be to call for expressions of interest based on the criteria from a range of developing countries with significant forest resources, in the Asian region.. This may be extended to other regions initially (Africa, Latin America), if CGIAR so vishes. 9. Draft constitution for IFRI A draft agreement on the establishment of IFRI and a draft constitution These drafts are based has been prepared with professional legal advice. substantially on the vording used in similar documents for IBPGR and INIBAP Wording for the technical issues has been for the administrative matters. adapted from documents prepared for the Bellagio II meeting in 1988, for TAC report of the CGIAR working group on in 1989 and 1990. and from the final forestry research in 1991. The draft and 4. 10. Draft memorandum of understandine with notential host country agreement and draft constitution are included as annexes 3 Examples of headquarters A draft agreements are being collected. letter has been prepared vhich invites responses from potential host countries for the headquarters of IFRI. The exact nature of the headquarters agreement vi11 depend upon requirements of the host country and IFRI, as mutually agreed. 11. Governance and oneratine DrOCedUreS Drafts are in preparation. Governance procedures are being based principally on comprehensive manuals prepared for the Board of Trustees of IFPRI and ISNAR. -12. Choice of name for the forestry entity the It concerns of many parties with is desirable that the name: major languages, the ACIAR is acutely aware of appropriate naming of the nev entity. 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 be euphonious, easy to pronounce pronounceable acronym; in several and have a not contain any implied eco-geographic the entity would operate; restrictions in the areas where rather than a convey the idea of a primary emphasis on research, provider of information and technical cooperation; imply a consultative and collaborative mode of operation: - 13 12.5 12.6 12.7 indicate a decentralized self-sustaining entity; conform existing conserve research approach, rather than an enclosed, common in tradition and after the academic or names of forestry mid-term - to CGIAR practice IARCs; by using words through .both name and acronym institutional names. the of the The following names were suggested before, during meeting of the CGIAR in Paris during May 1991: . International International International Service for Research on Forestry Forestry (ISREF) Board for Tropical Research (IBTFR) Forestry (ICRTF) Centre for Research on Tropical Tropical Forestry Forestry Centre for International Centre for International International International Institute Forestry Research (CINTFOR) and Use of Land (CINFUL) Forestry (IIRTF) for Research on Tropical Research Institute (IFRI) The following planning workshop, Institute' and the marked with a plus features are marked table shows has adopted acronym IFRI sign (t), with a minus IBTFR vhy ACIAR, following discussion at the August the name "International Forestry Research for this exercise. Positive features are neutral ones are scored (0). and negative sign (-). ICRTF CINTFOR t IIRTF IFRI t + ISREF euphony no eco-geographic restrictions primarily not info consultative decentralized conforms to CG practice conserves names forestry research or TC t t 0 0 t t t 0 t t 0 t 0 t 0 0 t 0 0 t t t t 0 t 14 ACIAR has referred to IFRI in this documentation and has For convenience, strong preference for its continued use during the implementation phase, in full recognition hovever that the final choice of name rests with CGIAR. With time, members may come to accept the logic of IFRI so that its ratification will become a formality. The similarity with IFPRI should not pose any problems, despite some early and understandable resistance from some IFRI associates. - ACIAR 10 Sentember 1991 . 15 Annex 1: Schedule of 1991-92 activities for ACIAR's imnlementation 1991 JASOND 1992 JFMAMJJASOND ACIAR's management of the orocess Al. first ACIAR planning meeting group .A A2. establishment of contact A---0 A-S .. A3. process paper for ICW91 to summarise progress on IFRI's establishment and present ACIAR's 1992 plans A4. revise A5. interim 1992 programme of vork progress report to TAC 57 to mid-term J-F M A-M s-o A6. interim progress report meeting of CGIAR A7. complete final ACIAR recommendations for TAC 59 and ICW92 Governance of ACIAR Bl. identification of 3 co-sponsors A---O S S A------D J A-----------F B2. draft agreement on establishment of IFRI B3. draft constitution for IFRI for B4. screening and selection Board of Trustees B5. CGIAR approves Board of Trustees B6. search and selection for DG 'B7. draft governance procedures for A-------D Board of Trustees, staff regulations B8. finalize agreement on establishment of IFRI B9. first with meeting of Board of Trustees ACIAR team; adopt constitution; N-D F select DG M-J s-o BlO.second meeting of Board of Trustees with DG and ACIAR team Bll.third and last meeting of Board of Trustees with DG and ACIAR team, prior to TAC 59 Annex 1 (continued) Schedule of 1991-92 activities for ACIAR's imolementation 1992 JFMAMJJASOND 1991 JASOND Location Cl. draft of IFRI's HQ agreement AF-s P s-o headquarters to C2. invitation countries to potential host bid for HQ location C3. screening of candidate countries and locations for IFRI's HQ C4. negotiate countries vith potential host about HQ location A Be--- N J e--m- A J-A S C5. final selection of host country and location for IFRI's HQ C6. signature Planning of HQ agreement research A------D 0 --------M of stratepic Dl. proposed approach by ACIAR to research planning for 1993 D2. develop proposals for 1993 research and discuss vith potential partners D3. finalize draft of strategic plan, complete research plan and budget for 1993 A-S JASOND JFMAMJJASOND _ 17 Annex 2 Budget for 1991-92 activities for ACIAR's imnlementation . ACIAR's budgetary requirements for mid-1991 - December 1992 to execute its role as implementing agency for the CGIAR International Forestry Research Institute. Backvround 1. ACIAR was appointed as Implementing Agency for the new CGIAR forestry entity at the mid-term meeting of the CGIAR in May 1991. During an international planning meeting held at ACIAR's HQ in August 1991 it was to as the agreed that the forestry entity should be referred Forestry Research Institute (IFRI) during the International to the approval of the implementation phase, this name being subject CGIAR. Since May there has been an exchange of formal letters outlining the scope of services, which now forms the contract betveen the CGIAR Secretariat and ACIAR. This contract vas signed on 22 August 1991. The budgetary requirements of ACIAR between mid-1991 cover tvo main types of activity: Legal organization, management, research planning for IFRI; financial, and December 1992 and strategic 2. 3. 3a. 3b. governance Financing of a CGIAR input to a few selected, specific, high priority forestry research activities during the calendar year 1992, thus responding to the concerns expressed at the May 1991 mid-term meeting for early implementation of forestry research activity that can contribute to the goals of containing tropical deforestation and to increasing productivity of tropical forests systems. Budget needs (a) Plannixw for the creation of IFRI team of three consultants. ACIAR and tvo This work will be carried out by a joint CGIAR Secretariat staff supported by specialised Assuming that the salary and other costs of the tvo CGIAR Secretariat staff are already provided, the funding requirements for the ACIAR's activities over the la-months period July 1991 - December 1992 will be as follovs, with financial years ending on 30 June: _ 18 Annex 2 (continued) ACIAR budnet in '000 US dollars FY 91/92 salaries, including overhead 2 expert-year equivalents Director General of IFRI consultants 20 months @ 15,00O/month travel b subsistence ACIAR team IFRI Board/Planning administration support staff, office support h communications Total (b) in '000 US dollars Research activities 150 FY 92j93 80 100 50 25 80 25 360 Total 230 100 300 100 200 100 1,030 year 1992 250 75 120 75 670 to be implemented in calendar ACIAR, in consultation IARCs and other with leading research institutions, vi11 vork up proposals for supporting high priority research activities in Africa, Asia and Latin America, and for implementation of a forestry research training and information programme, building on the work of IUFRO's SPDC. The research activities will satisfy Article 5 of the draft IFRI constitution. Care will be taken in formulating these latter activities to select short-term high priority research needs that are likely to be continued once the Board of Trustees of IFRI and its Director General have been appointed but vhich could be readily terminated if IFRI's management vishes to do so. The activities may include: .O tree species selection and genetic improvement; of forest tree tree plantations: in Africa and 0 technologies pest problems Asia: for increasing currently the productivity damaging industrial 0 species 0 policy research to improve understanding tropical deforestation and of incentives non-agroforestry end uses. of the underlying for cash-crop tree causes of farming for A preliminary activities suggests This budget will be proposals have been estimate of likely ACIAR financial support to these a funding requirement of approximately US$ 2.0 million. refined for presentation to TAC in early 1992 vhen current firmed up. 19 . Annex 2 (continued) Summarv Total ACIAR budgetary requirements for the period mid-1991 to December 1992 will be of the order of US$ 3.03 million. Adjustments will depend on further clarification of research activity requirements for 1992. Between mid-1991 350,000. and the end of the pear ACIAR plans to spend US$ Under the terms of the contract US$ 500,000 will be transferred to ACIAR from the Special Activities Account of the CGIAR Secretariat on receipt of the signed letter of agreement. . Annex 3 DRAFT: g/9/91 AGREFZMENT ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF TNE INTERNATIONALFORESTRY RESEARCE INSTITUTE PREAMBLE: WHEREAS, The Consultative Group on International as CGIAR) international is Agricultural an informal organisations (hereinafter Programme purpose of of in ways Research (hereinafter association of national and private referred (hereinafter contributing agriculture, that people; institutions and Agricultural referred to governments, co-sponsored of by the World Bank, the Food Nations for the the Nations in Development Organisation referred to forestry to the United to as FAO) and the United sustainable as UNDP) formed improvements productivity countries and fisheries and vell-being. in developing especially enhance nutrition among lov-income WHEREAS,CGIAR wishes to set up the International Institute with (hereinafter that referred forestry to as IFRI) benefits ensuring research Forestry developing Research countries: which will be concerned WHEREAS, acknowledging their ovn unique aided by international with a headquarters countries; that different regions in the world could in have be body and differing research, and regional problems IFRI vi11 whose solution be a decentralized programmes located various 21 WHEREAS,IFRI is intended vithin the CGIAR system. to be an International Research Centre WHEREAS, members of the CGIAR intend to provide regular budget of IFRI to enable the Institute functions: funds for the to assume its WHEREAS,the Parties independent personality privileges to operate institution and to this with Agreement wish suitable international to create full status, IFRI as an governance, juridicial authorities, it appropriate and immunities and the conditions effectively tovard the attainment necessary to enable of its objectives; THE SIGNATORY PARTIES AGREE AS FOLLOWS: Article 1 Establishment There shall be entitled established an independent international "International Forestry the Research Institute" (hereinafter referred to as "IFRI" or "the Institute") within the CGIAR system, vhich is to operate in accordance with the Constitution vith Article appended hereto 19 thereof. and made an integral to time part in hereof, as such Constitution may be amended from time accordance organization Article 2 Oblieations The consent not constitute to support of a State any IFRI to becoming a Party obligation whatsoever to this to Agreement shall financial such for provide Nor shall contributions. individually or collectively, consent imply any responsibility, any debts, liabilities or obligations of the Institute. beyond voluntary r 22 Article 3 Sienature and Accession (i) Ministry This Agreement shall of Foreign Affairs be open for and Trade signature of by States Australia. at the shall It by the remain open for signature 1991. unless such period Depositary at the request (ii) for a period is extended of two 'years from 1 December prior to its expiry of IFRI. shall be the of the Board of Trustees The Government of the Commonwealth of Australia of this Agreement. under this accordance Agreement shall their Depositary (iii) Obligations in be undertaken regulations by the and signatories procedures. with ovn laws, After the expiration of the period (iv) paragraph (i), the present Agreement accession Trustees by any State, contingent of IFRI by simple majority. specified in Article 3, remain open for shall upon approval by the Board of The instruments of accession (VI Depositary of this Agreement. shall be deposited with the Article 4 Entry into Force (i) This Agreement force and the Constitution appended thereto shall come into written the parties immediately required notifications formalities vith respect upon receipt by three state parties by the national by the Depositary of to this Agreement that legislation of such to this Agreement have been accomplished. have after enter (ii) For each State notifying that the formalities required been accomplished, or depositing an instrument of accession, the entry into force of this Agreement, this Agreement will into force on the first day of the month after by the Depositary of the notification. the date of receipt 23 Article 5 Authentic Text The authentic text of the present shall Agreement, including language. the Constitution appended thereto, be in the' English IN UITNESS UElEREOF,the undersigned authorized by their respective original Agreement in a single Plenipotentiaries, Governments, have language. being signed duly this in the English Done in Canberra For the Government of 1991 Done in Canberra For the Government of 1991 Done in Canberra For the Government of 1991 . 24 Anne% 4 Appendix 1 CONSTITUTION OF THE INTJBNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH INSTITUTE Article 1 Status The International referred to as "IFRI" (iI Forestry Research Institute (hereinafter or "the Institute") is an integral part of on International "CGIAR"). staffing exclusively Agricultural It and for shall in Research operate status as a and The and to as the organization, organized the Consultative Group (hereinafter non-profit non-political Institute educational (ii) and IFRI enjoy referred autonomous in shall purposes. shall such be international management, operations. scientific possess legal functions full juridical international of its personality for the purposes. capacities as may be necessary exercise of its and the fulfillment Article 2 Headauarters Location The country and in functions of Trustees support of location with of IFRI's the headquarters for shall the be designated with the CGIAR, of the by the Board of Trustees accordance of IFRI after consultation requirements in other exercise and the fulfillment may establish the Institute's of the purposes offices of IFRI. locations The Board as required to programmes. 25 Article 3 Pumose The .purpose of the International is to contribute countries, research and by forestry is to the developing strategic forestry, appropriate By forestry Forestry sustained activities in Research Institute .vell-being the in forest of tropics, of resultant development. and the (IFRI) in and new, through people systems particularly and related promoting the transfer technologies for national science, the art meant the practice of managing and using for human benefit the natural resources that occur on and in association with lands bearing forest or with a forest vocation. Forest environment svstems implies and vegetation a functional milieux. complex of the biophysical social, cultural, as influenced by the economic and political Article 4 Guiding PrimiDles The Institute's A global guiding principles are:emphasis; suitable for approach with strong eco-regional nationally-located programmes aimed at general results regional application. process-oriented systems, a holistic and an integrated research, approach A commitment to strategic, ecosystem approach to forest socio-economic research. The marshalling and clearly resources, defined ensure efficient of sufficient operating and effective studies, adopting in utilization an and view in policy critical in mass of scientific of activities expertise context, to to meet an inter-disciplinary implementation programme objectives. that research must remain relevant in A recognition needs of to and serve to the developing countries their efforts achieve 26 sustainable forested land-use practices, minimise equity. further degradation of lands and promote social Article 5 Activities IFRI shall conduct, promote and support research that can provide the basis countries, well-being IFRI shall of forestry, for sustainable forestry and forest systems in developing development and the environment, enhancing thereby of their peoples. formulate a research programme to underpin the science by developing and maintaining the necessary scientific base and the necessary staff expertise. This and technological programme shall be directed towards innovation and technology development and the transfer of the results of such work to IFRI's stakeholders for the ultimate benefit of peoples in developing countries. IFRI shall needs of collaborative IFRI act shall operate through its constituent and contractual monitor forestry relevant of this a variety of mechanisms suited to the including networking, programmes, and in-house and shall countries. research. obtain IFRI and shall is arrangements, research globally process needed. IFRI information to developing information as a distributor where and when it shall keep of itself other informed agencies upon request, of active the in serve policies, forestry in practices role and on capabilities research these matters IFRI forth shall and forestry and shall, vithin an advisory and outside such other or useful the CGIAR. activities in as its of Board of Trustees its purpose set perform necessary may find furtherance in Article 3 hereof. shall contribute to of developing countries. increasing the forestry will IFRI's activities research capacity These activities be undertaken aimed at : Objective environments and their Objective productivity developing Objective 1. in the context of strategic problem-solving research Understanding of present the biophysical forest and socio-economic and potential systems and forestry, functional 2. relationships. the potential for for the sustainable benefit of improved people in Creating of forest systems countries. 3. to assist Providing analysis information and advice in making policy decisions about forests and land use. 4. Increasing national forestry research Objective capacity. Article 6 Powers (i) In furtherance of the aforesaid : aims and activities, IFRI shall (a) have the folloving to receive authority person, international, rights, financial povers or othervise or firm, concessions or othervise from lawfully obtain from any governmental any corporation, foundation or or national, or similar company, association, other entity vhether such charters, rights, and licences, assistance regional for the attainment (b) to receive, acquire - as are conducive to and necessary of the aims of the Institute; or otherwise or firm, regional from lawfully any or or obtain other by from any company, entity, donation, governmental association, whether authority person, corporation, national, foundation international, grant, exchange, devise, absolutely or in trust. properties, valuable real, effects or items, bequest, purchase or lease, either consisting of such contributions or mixed including funds and to as may be useful or necessary personal, pursue operate, the aims and activities administer, use, sell, of the Institute convey or dispose and to hold, of the said properties; (cl to enter into Agreements, Contracts; (d) (e) (f) Memoranda of . Understanding and to employ persons according to institute, to perform expedient, accomplishment all and defend in, to its legal own regulations; proceedings: as may be found necessary, for any the and/or furtherance, all of the appear, for the acts and functions or attainment proper of or suitable purposes and activities herein stated, or which shall at any time, as conducive to or necessary and useful aims and activities of the Institute. (ii) No part benefit of, officers, services be authorized of the earnings of the Institute or be distributable to, its private persons, and empowered to shall inure to the members, trustees, or other except that the Institute shall pay reasonable compensation for and distributions 3 hereof. in rendered and to make payments furtherance of the aims set forth in Article Article 7 Orvans The organs of IFRI shall (al be : (hereinafter referred to as the The Board of Trustees "Board") (b) The Director General . 29 Article 8 Comosition of the Board (i) follows The Board shall : consist of up to twelve members, selected as (a) three CGIAR, Board members elected and up to by the six Board upon nomination elected by the by the members-at-large (b) one ex officio the headquarters one ex officio member appointed of IFRI; member from by the country which hosts (cl ICRAF, the Chairperson of the Board of Trustees; Cd) the Director officio; the Director at General of IFRI as a non-voting member ex (e) General the of ICRAF should provided ICFtAF. be invited reciprocity to be an of such observer Board, that arrangement (ii) is agreed with the Board, The members of except the Director General who serves as a member for her/his appointed by the host country, more than three appointment. incapacity, member during than three (iii) except years Vacancies or any other the latter's vhole shall term of office and the member be appointed for terms of no by the Board in advance of the by the retirement, CGIAR and death, a of their be filled as determined by reason cause shall among members nominated among the members-at-large as the original appointments. in the same manner to replace the remaining for A new member appointed term, may be appointed or for some other term of the member being replaced years. term of no more The members of the Board are eligible but shall not serve more than that the member elected as Chairperson for tvo reappointment successive to a terms, term second term, may have her/his 30 extended by the Board in order to coincide as Chairperson, eight policies determined (iv) act, consecutive provided years with her/his appointment than of as that no member shall serve for more on the Board. To ensure continuity members shall serve staggered terms and operations, by the Board. The members of the Board - other capacity as official representatives than the ex officio members - serve in a personal The term of office (VI by the host country will (vi) Regard shall and are not considered, of governments nor do they or organizations. and the selection be determined paid and of the member appointed by the host country. to proposed to members' appropriate be especially qualifications, professional geographical concern for experience distribution, and provide and to agencies or countries which have substantial support to the Institute. At come from developing least one-half of all Board members will countries covered by IFRI's activities.. (vii) (a) The Founding shall Article country country (vii) (b) 8(i) Board with shall be appointed by CGIAR and by host be constituted of voting the exclusion members as provided of the ex officio member, who shall be appointed on conclusion of the headquarters by the host agreement. Founding members shall serve for a minimum of three years, maximum six years; terms to be determined by lot, vith replacement after the first three years on a staggered basis. shall staff of provide IFRI, a Secretary on nomination to the Board from of the Director (viii) The Institute senior among the General and selection by the Board. 31 Article 9 Functions and Powers of the Board (i) The Board governs shall IFRI in all affairs of the Institute. Its role (a) be to ensure that: has objectives, with its programmes and plans the goals is a part: that are of the Institute consistent aims and with and purposes the CGIAR system of which it (b) the Institute in harmony budgets, and requirements: (C) the vhich financial imprudent (ii) (a) is managed effectively by the Director General with the agreed objectives, programmes and in accordance with legal and regulatory future it is well-being a part resources, risks. of is its IFRI not staff and of jeopardized or the its CGIAR system by exposing credibility of its to To this definition Institute's aims; end, the Board shall have the following duties : of objectives and approval aims and to monitor the of plans to meet the achievement of these (b) specification General in of policies to be followed objectives; by the Director pursuing the specified General, General (cl appointment terms of dismissal inadequate: of the Director employment, of the Director determination her/his if her/his of her/his and is monitoring performance performance (d) (e) approval approval of the Institute's of personnel broad organisational including scales framework; of salaries policies and benefits; 32 (f) determination of priorities relating to major elements within and between the Institute's (g) approval Institute's (h) ensuring integrity (i) appointment audit Cj) plan; of the Institute's programmes; programme and budget < and the Annual Report: the Institute's and accountability: of an external auditor and approval of an annual cost-effectiveness, financial approval of an investment implementation; overseeing policy and monitoring of its (k) of major borrowing, major expansion and facilities, including and the the acquisition of major equipment disposal of major assets; (1) ensuring accordance (ml ensuring that with that the Institute conducts policies laid is system-wide due its activities in down by the CGIAR: given by to the consideration recommendations and suggestions made revievs pertinent to the Institute's activities; (n) (0) ensuring maintaining expertise responsibilities, and evaluating (P) perform suitable Institute all that Board members have no conflict the composition needed to CGIAR-approved operation and of interest; respect range of its to the of its members of the Board vith the full discharge monitoring the performance its performance: other acts that may be considered necessary, of the and proper for the attainment of the purpose as set forth in Article 3 hereof. 33 (iii) . which it. The Board may designate shall have the an executive committee of its members power to act for the Board in the interim between Board meetings, and on matters which the Board delegates to All interim to the full actions of the executive committee shall be reported (iv) Board at its next meeting. subsidiary functions. committees as The Board may establish deems necessary such other it for the performance of its ARTICLE 10 Votina bv the Board Voting (a) by the Board of Trustees each member of is regulated as follows except : the Director the Board has one vote, General who has no vote: (b) (cl the Chairperson decisions voting Constitution. of the Board has a casting vote; of the of the Board shall except be made by a majority as specified otherwise members present in this Article 11 Procedure of the Board The Board shall elect one member as Chairperson (i) the non ex officio members. The normal term of the shall be three years. not The Board may re-elect years, years exceed eight at its the second term of not more than three membership second term. (ii) (iii) with The Board shall The Board shall this Constitution. meet at least adopt its once annually. of procedure, shall provided that from among Chairperson for of a total Board such Chairperson expiry ovn rules consistent 34 (iv) A majority meetings. of the members shall constitute a quorum for Board Article 12 ADDointment of the Director General The appointment office, tvo-thirds and of the Director any termination of all voting General for cause of IFRI, will be her/his decided term of by a majority members of the Board. Article 13 Functions and Powers of the Director General (i) The Director and General is responsible IFRI officer and to for the Board for that the its out. operation management of executive General assuring programmes and objectives He/she is the chief (ii) The Director are properly developed and carried of the Institute. the policies determined shall implement by the Board, follow the guidelines laid down by the Board for the functioning of the Institute and carry out the directions of the Board. Specifically, shall: strategic Institute and operational and keep these plans plans for the functioning under continuing the Director General, under the supervision of the Board, (a) develop of the review; (b) develop programme and budget submissions established Institute's practices within the Annual Report; the planning and direction in accordance with the CGIAR, and prepare (cl supervise forestry of the Institute's to ensure research programmes and other activities effective programming and project implementation, analysis and evaluation of on-going programmes and to provide vision 35 and comprehension programmes; (d) . recruit in developing strategies for future and manage highly qualified and appropriately experienced (e) staff: review by the Board and other accounts and other records on keep and have available for financial appropriate parties, a current basis: Chairperson relate of the (f) keep the Board advised on matters of consequence that (I%) to the Institute: as are delegated to her/him by perform such other functions the Board. (iii) The Director General is the legal representative of IFRI and is authorised by IFRI to sign all deeds, contracts, agreements, and other legal documents vhich are necessary to ensure the normal to Such and operation delegation persons agreements expansion relationship Board. Article 14 Staffing of the Institute. will be evidenced The Board may stipulate by the Director is made. by an instrument in writing the extent General. Contracts which these povers may be delegated or positions naming the to whom the delegation which affect or dissolution to the host the governance, objectives, location, of IFRI, or major issues of the country are subject to approval by the (i) The staff regulations shall be appointed by the Director General under staff (ii) approved by the Board. the necessity The paramount consideration in the employment of staff and in shall be the of service determination of the conditions of securing the highest standards of quality, efficiency, competence and integrity. 36 pension schemes and any other terms (iii) Salary scales, insurance. of employment shall be laid down in staff regulations, and shall in vith those of other and in line I principle be comparable institutions (iv) basis within the CGIAR system. of IFRI colour, vi11 not' discriminate status on the or sexual Employment practices of gender, race, creed, age, marital preference. Article 15 Financing (i) The financial regulations operations principles budget other of the Institute of the CGIAR. of IFRI shall in order shall be governed by with financial to be adopted by the Board in accordance the established (ii) The regular from be funded to finance primarily operations by members of the CGIAR. contributions The Institute sources is also authorized CGIAR funding. to receive which are not covered by the regular (iii) The budget of the Institute is approved annually by the Board and submitted (iv) shall to the CGIAR for endorsement. audit of the operations of the Institute on an annual basis by an independent accounting firm appointed by the Board upon General. A full financial be conducted international recommendation The results of such audits shall be made available by the Director General to the Board for its consideration and approval and to the CGIAR. by the Director Article 16 RelationshiD with the CGIAR IFRI is an international Research Centre vithin the CGIAR system and participates fully in this system. shall submit to the CGIAR for endorsement As such, the Institute its annual programme and - ' 37 budget as approved by the. Board. to periodic review be subject . management by an Technical Advisory Secretariat. independent Committee In addition, the Institute programme and of its shall of its review panel appointed by the of the CGIAR and the CGIAR Article 17 Relationshim with other Ormnizations In order may enter to achieve into its objectives for in the most efficient with relevant foundations, way, IFRI national, and agencies agreements cooperation regional or international institutions. organizations, Article 18 Riphts. Privileees and Immunities (i) IFRI in shall the and Such make arrangements its staff of territory immunities rights, in the as their vith host its host country visitors the to ensure shall that enjoy the Institute, members and official country customarily officials, same rights, privileges International visitors. specifically country. organizations, defined accorded to other and official staff shall be the host privileges and immunities a Headquarters Agreement with Similarly, agreement with purpose and immunities (ii) IFRI may, pursuant to Article 2 hereof, enter into the other countries in which it vorks for the IFRI, its officials for and staff such privileges as are required such work. referred to in the preceding of granting The privileges and immunities (ii) paragraphs are to be provided solely the unimpeded functioning the persons of IFRI, to ensure in all circumstances and the complete independence of to whom they are accorded. _ . 38 Article 19 Amendments This Constitution of all may be amended by the Board by a three-fourths voting majority members of the ,Board, with provided text notice shall of have such a proposed been mailed amendment together its 'full members of the Board at least eight weeks in advance of meeting, or such notice is waived by all voting members provisions of the Amendments of fundamental of the Board. subject to approval by the Constitution shall be, in addition, the status, Those provisions shall include: members of CGIAR. country number dissolution of location, of of IFRI. the purpose, selection principles of the and activities, Board members and the the and method to all Article 20 Dissolution (i) Subject to approval majority the by the CGIAR, IFRI may be dissolved voting of members of the Board, IFRI have that IFRI will if been achieved by a it to is a three-fourths determined satisfactory of all purposes it that degree or if is determined no longer be able to function effectively. of assets other than shall be determined by recommendations thereon fixed paid the for (ii) In case of dissolution, the disposition land and fixed capital improvements thereon, the members of the CGIAR, after from the Board. capital to the determined agreement The disposition thereon provisions country. after shall, laid improvements respective with receiving of any land and permanent upon dissolution, due regard in the down being be similarly headquarters of IFRI, by the members of the CGIAR with the host Upon dissolution paying of IFRI, dispose organised of all members of the CGIAR shall, payment of all such the liabilities for or of IFRI exclusively organisation or making provision the assets operated the purposes organisations of IFRI in such manner, or to and exclusively for educational or scientific purposes as the members of the CGIAR shall determine. Any such assets not disposed of a. 39 shall be disposed of by the appropriate court of the jurisdiction in which the principal office of IFRI is then located, exclusively for such purposes or to such organisation or organisations, as said court shall determine, which are organised and operated exclusively for such purposes. . . . ..END..... 1 40 Annex 5 Suggested headings for a draft strategic the International Forestrv Research Institute plan for (IFRIl Notes 1. varies, Of the IARCs' strategic as do their definitions plans so far examined, for apparently similar the order concepts. of headings It may be preferable to follov CIAT's example and confine the Plan itself 2. The arguments leading to those to a series of quite definitive statements. statements can be compiled into an annex or supplement. FOREWORD In this case, Usually signed by the chairman of the Board of Trustees. the signature would be that of the Director of ACIAR as the implementing agency. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY MAIN TEXT Ch.1 Background A summary of events leading to the decision the 15th IUFRO World Congress at Gainesville at Oslo in 1976 ? The CGIAR and its 1990 mandate. management of natural and the effect entity. resources move to create IFRI. Start with in 1971 or the 16th Congress The CGIAR interest in research for better in support of sustainable agriculture. The CGIAR shift on the activities towards eco-regional of a decentralized Centres forestry of this The donor preference for measurable impact of CGIAR research and the desire of TAC for IARCs to move upstream to more strategic research. The yield Ch.2 IFRI's gap. environment external Economic trends. The natural resource base. Deforestation trends. and land depletion. Research and institutional IUFRO's SPDCand FAO's TFAP. * 41 international Existing agroforestry research. Ch.3 IFRI's internal associations and networks for forestry and - environment of knowledge in the of research needs. 71 compared with 5 Bellagio II areas for Summary of the frontiers research, and identification Ch.4 IFRI's priorities [and strategies The limitations global needs. Mission Definition Guiding statement of the CGIAR, in mandate and resources, or aims. of terms. principles. and direct recipients (target groups). Beneficiaries Several small or a Criteria for choice of programme areas for research. few large programmes 7 Concentrate on a few agro-ecological zones ? Priority Operational ranking of potential programmes. mandate. Ch.5 The research programmes of IFRI [for each programme] goal; approach; objectives; logical framework. Systems for assessment. Ch.6 Support Training. Information Institutional flows (documentation, library services, databases). with FAO. monitoring, evaluation, dissemination of results and impact for research strengthening of NARS and NFRS, and relationships A secretariat role in keeping track of globally-important initiatives in forestry research, coordination (as suggested by the World Bank and FAO in 1981) or harmonization (as preferred by FAO in 1990). . 42 Ch.7 Implementation of IFRI's research strategy Resource requirements. Management of resources and processes. arrangements with resear?h institutes, . other IARCs, regional and with NARS and Collaborative and contractual specialized research centres, NFRS. Role of NGOs. ANNEXES 1. Summary of IARCs' forestry and agroforestry IUFRO/SPDC questionnaires, current and proposed involvement in research for (information available from responses to IFPRI and plus annual reports and plans from the IARCs). 2. Existing international networks for forestry research and the potential Contacts not yet made as input of IFRI (listing of networks already compiled. regards potential collaboration with IFRI). 43 Annex 6 International pro 1; Choice of name for the forestrv Service for Research on Forestrv entity (1SRP.F~ euphonious implies acronym, easy to pronounce restrictions in operation research is 2. con no geographic 3. 4. as INIBAP pointed out in relation to its own name, if undertaken then the organization is not only a service entity no particular resonance in the name or acronym for foresters. Forestry Research (IBTFR) International pro 1. Board for Tronical follows implies when the final the precedent of IBPGR in being a temporary name, to be replaced form of the entity is more discernable and collaborative the entity or service mode of operation deals mainly with research or 2. con a consultative 3. 4. 5. if does not make clear coordination or regulation not euphonious no particular resonance in the name or acronym for foresters countries and so could cause and WANA region countries, with specialised research 6. implies a restriction in scope to tropical misunderstanding in relation to sub-tropical as well as in relation to collaboration institutions in developed countries. Centre for Research on Trooical International pro Forestry (ICRTFL 1. conforms to CGIAR practice not euphonious no particular resonance in the name or acronym for foresters countries and so could cause and WANA region countries, with specialised research con 2. 3. 4. implies a restriction in scope to tropical misunderstanding in relation to sub-tropical as well as in relation to collaboration institutions in developed countries 44 5. "Centre" is decentralized not suitable manner. TroDical for an entity operating in a highly - Centre for International pro 1. Forestry Research ICINTFORL euphonious acronym, easy to pronounce 2. con 3. 4. conforms to CGIAR practice some echoes in the "FOR" part of the acronym but otherwise resonance in the name or acronym for foresters implies a restriction in scope to tropical misunderstanding in relation to sub-tropical as well as in relation to collaboration institutions in developed countries "Centre" is decentralized not suitable manner. Forestrv for an entity no particular countries and so could cause and UANA region countries, with specialised research operating in a highly 5. Centre for International ACIAR suggestion International 1. pro and Use of Land (CINFULL as "S' I Forestry (IIRTFL with the "C" in CINFUL pronounced for Research on TrODiCal Institute conforms to CGIAR practice not euphonious no particular "Institute" resonance carries in the name or acronym for foresters con 2. 3. 4. 5. a scent of academia countries and so could cause and WANA region countries, specialised research with implies a restriction in scope to tropical misunderstanding in relation to sub-tropical as well as in relation to collaboration institutions in developed countries. Forestry Research Institute CIFRIl International pro 1. conforms to common forestry practice research activity and so would comprehension of the acronym implies no geographic restrictions of FRI for a national forestry acceptability enhance both and 2. in operation 45 3. con 4. 5. easy to pronounce "Institute" possibility carries a scent of academia (but conforms to CGIAR practice) of acronym with IFPRI. of confusion ......