Annexes: CCAFS CRP Contents 3. Annexes ............................................................................................................................................................................ 2 3.1 Partnership strategy ................................................................................................................................................... 2 3.2 Capacity development strategy ................................................................................................................................ 21 3.3 Gender annex ........................................................................................................................................................... 26 3.4. Youth strategy ......................................................................................................................................................... 30 3.5 Results based management and MELIA ................................................................................................................... 34 3.6 Linkages with other CRPs and site integration ......................................................................................................... 45 3.7 Staffing of management team and flagship projects ............................................................................................... 78 3.8 Open Access (OA) and Open Data (OD) Management ........................................................................................... 123 3.9 Intellectual Asset Management (IA Management) ................................................................................................ 130 3.10 Other Annexes ...................................................................................................................................................... 133 3.10.1 Communications Strategy ............................................................................................................................. 133 3.10.2 References ..................................................................................................................................................... 137 3.10.3 Acronyms and Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... 167 3.10.4 List of CCAFS Journal articles from Phase I (2011-2015) ............................................................................... 172 3.10.5 CCAFS response to Accountability Matrix – Caveats to address during development of CRP2 full proposals .................................................................................................................................................................................. 210 3. Annexes 3.1 Partnership strategy (i) Who and what type of partners In expectation that the national level remains the key route to impact, CCAFS will invest most in working directly with national governments and NARES, facilitating science-policy platforms in target countries. Other key partners will be agencies implementing climate-related food security and agricultural development programs (e.g. national meteorological services, farmers’ organizations, NGOs). CCAFS expects to work in this way with several hundred partners at sub-national, national and regional levels, coordinating wherever possible with other CRPs and CGIAR entities under Site Integration plans. A set of 41 Strategic Partners, largely at global and regional levels, will contribute to the governance of CCAFS, as outlined in the management and governance section of this proposal, while also co-investing in shared impact pathways, working together at discovery, proof-of-concept and scaling levels (see examples of partnerships and modes of working in Annex Table 1). All 15 CGIAR Centres are Strategic Partners, as climate change is regarded as crucial to their mandates. The roles, responsibilities and indicative budgets of the 31 non-CGIAR Strategic Partners are specified in Annex Table 2. CCAFS and partners have agreed to joint fundraising to raise these initially agreed investment levels. CCAFS also views alliances and networks as key to achieving outcome targets and SLOs. Among these, GACSA is a key partnership to link research into emerging large investments, while membership and facilitation of science-policy platforms around the UNFCCC processes, such as AGNES (African Group of Negotiators Expert Support) provides important opportunities to improve agricultural outcomes from climate change policies and programs. The full range of CCAFS partners includes: a. Research partners: There are 12 strategic research partners (CATIE, CIRAD, CSIRO, Future Earth, GRA, ICAR, IRI, NUI Galway, Universities of Leeds, Oxford, Vermont, Wageningen) with the addition of ICAR since the pre- proposal to strengthen national ownership and cross-CRP collaboration in SA. Future Earth represents the Global Change research community. Other key research partners at global level include CIRAD, IIASA and University of Reading. Key partners for research in the regions include CORAF, ASARECA, ACPC, CATIE, ICAR and APAARI. b. Public sector, inter-governmental and policy partners: Governments and government agencies in all focal countries are the primary CCAFS partners for translating research into outcomes at scale. Through its impact pathways, capacity development strategy and strong investments in partnership at all stages of the research cycle, CCAFS will build on successful experiences in Phase I in working with national governments across countries such as Cambodia, Colombia, Honduras, Kenya, Mali, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Uganda and Vietnam. Inter- governmental and policy partners at global level will also be critical. Strategic Partners in this group are FAO, IFAD, IICA, NEPAD, SEARCA and World Bank. All of these are committed to shared actions with CCAFS on bringing climate-smart agriculture to scale. c. Non-governmental development partners: Non-governmental development partners include international organizations, NGOs and farmers’ organizations that deliver food security and agriculture programs at multiple levels. CCAFS will work directly with key programs and organizations at the national level, for example with the producer organization CECOCAFEN in Nicaragua and the NGO Cercle de Sauvegarde des Ressources Naturelles in Benin, to deliver outcomes. Strategic Partners in this group are CARE, CTA, GIZ, IIRR, PAFO, WISAT and World Vision – all of which have substantial co-commitments with CCAFS in Phase II. d. Private sector partners: During the extension phase, private sector partnerships have been pivotal to several large-scale outcomes (e.g. work with National Insurance Company of India, IKSL, Root Capital, Green Mountain). CCAFS anticipates greater research emphasis during Phase II on investment and implementation, as recently formulated CSA plans are rolled out. Therefore the partnership strategy for Phase II increases engagement with the private sector. At the global level, the strategy will focus on multi-company initiatives, to maximize impact across the agri-food sector (e.g. WBCSD, a Strategic Partner). At regional and national levels, the focus will be on partnerships with individual companies with a track record of improving outcomes for smallholder farmers. (ii) Roles of partners The precise roles of Strategic Partners at discovery, proof of concept, and scaling-up phases along the impact pathways are detailed in Annex Table 2. Partners will be represented in the CCAFS ISC through a Future Earth steering committee member and a DG from a CGIAR Centre. Six CGIAR and non-CGIAR partners will be represented on the Program Management Committee. Strategic Partners will all be members of the Partnership Advisory Committee (PAC), which will meet once per year to assess CCAFS partnerships and strategies, reporting to into the ISC through ex officio representatives. At regional and national levels, Regional Program Leaders will be tasked with developing and maintaining partnership arrangements. Depending on the context, this includes various kinds of national or regional stakeholder groups that give input into the program. (iii) Partnership modalities As far as possible, CCAFS aims to include partners at all stages of the research cycle and impact pathway. This will entail similar modalities regardless of whether partners are research or development partners. Proven mechanisms from Phase I that will be continued into Phase II are:  Joint calls for research with partners e.g. with regional NARS membership bodies such as CORAF and via open competitive calls under the IFAD-CCAFS Learning Alliance  Co-leadership of initiatives e.g. co-leadership of WBCSD Action Area on improving businesses’ ability to trace, measure and monitor CSA progress and co-leadership of Future Earth’s Water-Energy-Food Nexus Knowledge- Action Network  Co-hosting staff e.g. with CCAFS staff placements at CATIE, IRI, World Bank and University of Vermont  Joint research agendas and questions e.g. with NARS such as INERA in Burkina Faso, CSIR in Ghana and BRAC in Bangladesh  Joint policy agendas e.g. working with Global Gender and Climate Alliance to highlight gender issues in agriculture under climate change and with multiple agencies on implementation of international policies and laws on use of genetic resources  Shared methodology development and application e.g. a gender toolkit with CARE and FAO, crop yield modeling with ICAR, and knowledge and methods to tailor historic and seasonal climate information to agricultural needs with IRI and West African agencies  Direct support to partners’ needs e.g. responding to calls from USAID’s Feed the Future program for assistance on investment options, metrics for food security under climate change, and continuous field-based learning  Shared strategy, planning and review e.g. via regional workshops conducted to populate planning and reporting protocols and design impact pathways in a standard way in all projects and regions, generating strong co-ownership of targets and activities among partners  Data sharing agreements e.g. with the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases  Shared studentships and degree courses e.g. a set of PhD studentships with University of Leeds and NUI-Galway and an MSc CCAFS Masters course at NUI Galway  Monitoring and evaluation of the quality of partnerships through annual indicators (e.g. proportion of CCAFS papers authored by NARES authors) and formal reviews at Flagship and CRP levels (iv) Strategic partnership activities a. Ongoing engagement, dialogue and review: The ISPC noted that CCAFS has built a comprehensive and relevant range of strategic partnerships for key functions (research, capacity building, knowledge management, action on practices, policy and institutional change, and management and governance), but that regular review will be essential to improving influence on policy processes. CCAFS partners have been selected during Phase I and the Extension Phase through iterative processes of stakeholder analysis, workshops at global, regional and national levels, and pilot work together. The most effective of these partnerships carry forward into Phase II. CCAFS will also work with GFAR during GCARD3 to engage with a wealth of development partners to ratify and refine the CRP’s strategy for research and impact. CCAFS regularly reflects on partnerships through internal learning. For example, at the global level, CCAFS has reviewed its role in two key areas of partnership for policy influence, within (Kalfagiannni and Duyck 2015) and (Okner 2014). In 2014, CCAFS also realigned the portfolio to replace legacy projects; this entailed a reformulation of partnerships to deliver impact pathways. CCAFS partners have been consulted and have directly contributed to the pre-proposal and full proposal. b. Regional initiatives: CCAFS will continue close alignment with key regional initiatives on improving climate change responses in agriculture. During the Extension Phase CCAFS has worked in Africa with CAADP both to provide direct inputs to countries’ CSA plans (under the NAIP framework) and to provide scientific backstopping to the Alliance for CSA in Africa. CCAFS also plans to continue its close partnership with the Africa Group of Negotiators, building on several years of scientific inputs that have helped African countries to improve the quality of their contributions to various fora and processes within the UNFCCC. CCAFS has established relationships and projects with regional bodies in the target regions (e.g. ECOWAS, COMESA, ASEAN CRN, SECAC) as well as with farmers’ organizations (e.g. CECOCAFEN, FEDEARROZ, FENALCE, EAFF, SACAU, WFO) and will work further with these agencies to scale up action. (v) Sustaining partnerships The most important factors that CCAFS envisages to sustain and contribute to the success of partnerships are described as partnership modalities above. These include co-hosted staff, co-leadership of initiatives, joint research agendas and methodologies, and joint agendas for policies and outcomes. One principle that underpins CCAFS partnership strategy (Vermeulen & Campbell 2015) is that common agendas need to entail participation in partners’ initiatives and goals. Hence in building Phase II CCAFS has not only invited partners to co-define outcome targets and impact pathways (via a series of regional workshops; Schuetz et al. 2014) but has also volunteered to deliver of partners’ agendas. Examples include CCAFS participation in the NEPAD-led Alliance for Climate Smart Agriculture in Africa, the ECOWAS Climate Smart Agriculture initiative, the IFAD Learning Alliance for Adaptation in Smallholder Agriculture, the Future Earth Water-Energy-Food Nexus KAN, and the WBCSD Low Carbon Partnership Initiative. CCAFS also cements and sustains partnerships with NARS through working together on multiple projects that link across Flagship Programs (FP), for example with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, the National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute in Laos, the Institut d'Economie Rural in Mali and the Nepal Agricultural Research Council. Clear lines of communication and responsibility are also critical to sustaining partnerships. CCAFS maintains named lead contact persons in CCAFS and in the partner organization. Under Phase I the CCAFS Director has circulated quarterly partners’ newsletters, which will continue into Phase II. Coordination and administrative support should not be underestimated as a tool for sustaining partnerships. CCAFS strives to provide transparent sub-contracts and reporting procedures for partners that receive budget from the program, and memoranda of understanding or other assurances on a flexible basis when required by partners. (vi) Partnering capacity CCAFS’ principles on CRP behaviours that promote impact (Vermeulen & Campbell 2015) include strong investment in the financial and staffing capacity for partnership. In Phase II CCAFS will make partnering capacity more explicit through a Learning Platform(LP) entitled Partnerships and Capacity for Scaling CSA. Five Regional Program Leaders and one Global Research Leader for Scaling CSA, all senior staff with substantial experience and specialized in partnership, will devote 50-100% of their time to this LP – a LP that will deliver key research products and link them closely with outcome opportunities. Moreover, CCAFS will offer this LP capacity to the wider CGIAR to provide a mechanism for all CRPs’ climate change teams to participate in, or contribute research findings to, partnerships that maximize outcomes from research. CCAFS will also use multiple mechanisms to maintain and enhance capacity for partnership. Firstly, the CRP will act on the advice of partners given at annual Partnership Advisory Committee meetings. At a more operational level, CCAFS will ensure participation of partners in all key strategy, planning and review events at regional level. The online planning and reporting system will include partnerships needs analysis and performance analysis as compulsory modules. Partnership administration will entail training in – and improvement of processes for – partner sub- contracting, process management and reporting. Finally, CCAFS will provide technical and financial support to networks, platforms and events that are shared with partners. (vii) Appropriate resourcing of partnerships As in Phase I, CCAFS will set a budget target of 25-30% to non-CGIAR partners (see budget narratives). As indicated above, CCAFS and Strategic Partners have committed to joint fund-raising around key topics. Annex Table 1. Examples of CCAFS partnerships within four modes of innovation Example 1 Mode 1. Agricultural research partnerships (Research Consortia) Name CGIAR Learning Platform on Climate-Smart Agriculture, Gender and Social Inclusion Convener Women in Science and Technology (WISAT) Specific focus and The focus on the Learning Platform is to ensure that gender and social inclusion is achieved, objective and that in fact, the gender gap in agriculture does not increase as a result of climate change. The main objectives are to integrate gender within the following four areas: (1) Implementing a program of integrative and strategic research to “build evidence” that is informed by gender research; (2) Ensuring that gender and women’s empowerment are dealt with in coordinated climate and agricultural policy; (3) Building mechanisms to engender finance; (4) Enhancing the capacity of local institutions and services to close the gender gap. Science agenda Research to inform, catalyze and target CSA solutions to women and other vulnerable groups, increase the control of disadvantaged groups over productive assets and resources, and increase their participation in climate-relevant decision-making. Gender analysis and methodologies to integrate gender concerns into CSA research and impact assessment. Geographic Primarily: Southeast Asia, South Asia, East Africa, West Africa and Latin America focus/location Role of the CRP To serve as a conduit for engagement in global climate change processes that involve gender. Promote collaborative research and programs; sharing of methods, tools, and FP: Learning Platform approaches; and exchange of experience on project design, proposal writing, and on Climate Smart implementation. Actively participate in the new gender platform. CCAFS management and Agriculture, Gender governance bodies are updated regularly on gender research through membership of the and Social Inclusion GSI Leader on the PMC; major seminars presenting gender research; periodic gender reviews and other activities. Support gender activities in CSVs; and in programs involving climate information services and weather-based insurance. Key CGIAR partners The cross-cutting learning platform on CSA, gender and social inclusion seeks to test six and their roles hypotheses on empowerment of women and youth; four hypotheses link with Flagship Programs while a further two are cross-cutting. Members of the Learning Platform have close links with other CRPs and so will be key nodes to ensure connections. Partners will report annually on gender activities and achievements, as well as on the gender indicators Key ‘external’ partners WISAT: Housing Gender and Social Inclusion Research Leader (Sophia Huyer). She will lead and their roles delivery of this cross-cutting Learning Platform in coordination with all Flagships, coordinating closely with the CGIAR gender network. Contribution to impact Seeks to inform, catalyze and target context-specific CSA solutions that target women and pathway and theory of other social groups and facilitate scaled adoption of CSA practices. Working with multiple change global and national / state policy partners for improved policies and programmes will catalyse the increase of targeted investments across scales and enable large-scale LED which increases women’s control over productive assets and resources, as well as food and nutrition security. The assumption is that gender-responsive CSA practices, finance tools and mechanisms will help to overcome barriers to adoption and investment in CSA technologies by and for women, support increased access and control by women of resources for increased food and nutrition security, and promote scaling up of CSA. Addresses five gender hypotheses that improved policies and programs, context-specific knowledge on the GSI impacts of practices, technologies and information systems, evidence, incentives and technical capacity will contribute to gender-equitable control of productive assets and increased empowerment. Example 2 Mode 2. Agricultural innovation delivery partnerships (Partnerships, platforms and alliances with the private sector, NGO and farmers groups creating value for farmers and companies) Name World Business Council on Sustainable Development initiative on Climate-Smart Agriculture Convener World Business Council on Sustainable Development Specific focus and WBCSD is leading a new sector value chain initiative focused on Climate-Smart Agriculture objective (CSA), with ambitious targets for private sector delivery of food security, adaptation and mitigation outcomes by 2030. WBCSD’s Action Plan for CSA aims to both reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions by 50% while improving the supply of nutritious food by 50% by 2030. Science agenda Research on private sector measurement protocols that link across spatial and temporal scales (from local business units to performance on global targets; annual and multi-year) Geographic Global focus/location Role of the CRP CCAFS has partnered with WBCSD to provide scientific advice to develop the Action Plan. CCAFS is leading one of four priority action areas on the CSA initiative on behalf of WBCSD FP: Learning Platform members. CCAFS co-chairs Action Area 3, ‘Improving businesses' ability to trace, measure on Partnerships and and monitor CSA progress’ which identifies opportunities for targeted action, measures and Capacity for Scaling monitors CSA progress at the company level, and reports on progress to the global CSA (Global level) ambitions. CCAFS will help deliver tracking and measurements for the 2030 targets. CCAFS aims to tailor metrics for CSA measurement from the development and research communities to private sector needs. CCAFS provides the wider WBCSD CSA program with strategic advice on private sector priorities, guidance on regional dialogues in key CSA geographies, and field trips that demonstrate CSA activities and results. Key CGIAR partners Consortium Office (Alain Vidal): high-level engagement and their roles CIAT (Mark Lundy): Liaison with synergistic project with Rainforest Alliance and Sustainable Food Lab Key ‘external’ partners Olam, Monsanto, Kellogg, Pepsico, PWC: Co-Chairs and lead implementers of the Low and their roles Carbon Technology Partnership on Climate-Smart Agriculture Contribution to impact Seeks to scale out strong ambitions, achievement of those ambitions and long-term good pathway and theory of practice on climate-smart agriculture among leading global agri-businesses and financiers, change particularly those doing business with smallholder farmers in developing countries. A key strategy for CCAFS to contribute directly to the target of 500 million more “climate-smart” farmers. The assumption is that lead firms on CSA will establish a competitive advantage in regulatory and market terms, leading to wider-scale take-up among lagging firms. Addresses hypotheses FP1 H2, FP2 H2 and FP3 H3 on the roles of investment, enabling environment and private programs (in addition to public policies) in bringing the benefits of CSA to scale among smallholder farmers. Example 3 Mode 3. National Agri-food systems innovation partnerships (Inter-linked farm to policy multi-stakeholder processes and partnerships action changes in food systems that create social and economic value) Name Umbrella Program on Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation for Southeast Asia (CChAM) Convener Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA) Specific focus and Produce added value in terms of new knowledge, technologies, capacities, processes, and objective inputs to policies at the national and ASEAN levels through the Umbrella Program on Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation for Southeast Asia (CChAM). Provide a platform for collaborative research and development, and knowledge management and capacity development on climate change adaptation and resiliency in Southeast Asia. Identify priority areas of convergence and collaboration at the regional and sub-regional levels to develop a synergy effort for climate resiliency in SEA. Support implementation of the ASEAN Vision for Food, Agriculture and Forestry (2016- 2025) Science agenda Priority scientific areas are: (1) assessing climate change impacts and risks for policy, plans and investments; (2) advancing low-carbon agriculture and rural development; (3) enhancing proactive adaptation to climate change, variability and extremes; and (4) enabling policies (including processes) and governance for climate-resilient agriculture and rural communities. Geographic Southeast Asia focus/location Role of the CRP Connect CGIAR science to regional science-policy dialogue led by regional partners Co-define priority areas for research and policy FP: Learning Platform Respond directly to policy needs, for example technical inputs into Nationally Declared on Partnerships and Contributions to the UNFCCC Capacity for Scaling CSA (Regional level) Key CGIAR partners IRRI: leading rice R4D in SEA, housing Southeast Asia Regional Program Leader; IFPRI: and their roles leading agricultural policy work across several Southeast Asian countries; ILRI: leading livestock research in SEA; ICRAF: leading agroforestry research in SEA; CIAT: leading work on prioritization tools and cost-benefit analyses Key ‘external’ partners ASEAN: co-learning partner; policy platform among Southeast Asian countries; GIZ: co- and their roles learning partner; funder of regional partners; Southeast Asia Universities Consortium (UC)- providing graduate studies in SEA Contribution to impact Seeks to achieve effective policy-science engagement at the regional level in Southeast Asia pathway and theory of so that policy is informed by science and vice versa. The assumption is that effective change engagement will enable scaling up of effective policies and investments to support equitable climate-resilient future agriculture, leading to long-term improvements for poverty reduction and environment. Addresses several hypotheses across FP1, FP2, FP3 and FP4 on the relationship between improved access to, plus demand for, knowledge and effective out-scaling of widespread positive impacts on livelihoods, environment, and food and nutritional security. Example 4 Mode 4. Global development innovation partnerships (Global architectures of MSP platforms create coherence between global and local agendas and implementation strategies and action that brings about systems adaptation) Name Global Alliance on Climate-Smart Agriculture Convener Global Alliance on Climate-Smart Agriculture Facilitation Unit Specific focus and GACSA aims to improve food security and nutrition in the face of climate change by objective providing a forum for sharing knowledge and experience. GACSA will help governments, farmers, scientists, businesses, intergovernmental organizations, regional units and civil society adjust agricultural, forestry and fishery practices, food systems and social policies to contribute towards three climate-smart agriculture (CSA) outcomes:  Sustainable and equitable increases in agricultural income and productivity;  Increased food system and livelihood resilience;  Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions associated with agriculture. GACSA aims to expand CSA practices, technologies and programs to 500 million farmers by 2030. Science agenda GACSA is a key partnership to link research into emerging large investments. GACSA’s Knowledge Action Group focuses on increasing research and development on technologies, practices, and policy approaches for CSA, while filling knowledge gaps that hinder decision- making and implementation. An emphasis is put on incorporating indigenous knowledge systems where possible, and connecting research to the findings of practitioners. Geographic Global focus/location Role of the CRP CCAFS marshals the science and expertise of CGIAR to play a role in national to global processes and implementation of CSA; co-leadership of the Knowledge Action Group; FP: Learning Platform supporting GACSA, its members, and other major players in the CSA space with research- on Partnerships and informed knowledge to bring CSA to scale effectively; outreach and awareness-raising Capacity Development events; framing targets linked to several SDG goals (1, 2, 12.3, 13, 14, 15), as well as co- for Scaling Up Climate- developing activities to contribute to them. Smart Agriculture (Global level) Key CGIAR partners Consortium Office (Alain Vidal): GACSA Strategic Committee Member and their roles IITA, ILRI, and CIMMYT contributed with CSA practice briefs for the Knowledge Action Group. Key ‘external’ partners 113 members, including countries, civil society organisations and companies and their roles Includes several CCAFS strategic partners at the global level, which have specific roles in GACSA: IFAD: Collaboration under the umbrella of the GACSA Investment Action Group FAO: Co-facilitation of the GACSA Knowledge Action Group World Bank: co-launching a CSA portal Contribution to impact Active participation in a global partnership effort to raise awareness, coordinate efforts and pathway and theory of share solutions on bringing climate-smart agriculture to large scale (500 million farmers by change 2030). For CCAFS this Alliance provides a credible and wide-reaching platform for interacting with partners and next users farm through to global investor/policy-maker level, relevant to all Flagship Programs and the Learning Platform on CSA, Gender and Social Inclusion. The assumptions are that GACSA membership is broad-based and growing enough to catalyse systemic change across the world, and that the forum will have sufficient energy and longevity to deliver meaningful outcomes and impacts. Addresses hypotheses FP1 H2, FP2 H2 and FP3 H3 on the roles of investment, enabling environment, policies and programs in bringing the benefits of CSA to scale among smallholder farmers. Example 5 Mode 1. Agricultural research partnerships (Research Consortia) Name ccafs-climate.org Convener CCAFS Specific focus and Curates a considerable amount of future climate data and tools on one open-access objective portal used by many CRPs and Centres, as well as tens of thousands of non-CGIAR users Provides a key repository of future climate information Science agenda Helps to reduce duplication of effort in making the outputs from climate models used in the IPCC Working Groups available and accessible to a wide range of users Achieves some level of standardisation in tools and analyses as well as climate data across CRPs and Centres Geographic Global focus/location Role of the CRP Hosts the portal on behalf of CGIAR and non-CGIAR strategic partners FP: 1 Key CGIAR partners CIAT hosts portal; CIAT, ILRI, IFPRI contribute data, documentation, curation and their roles Key ‘external’ partners Universities of Leeds and Reading, Future Earth, AgMIP, PIK and ISI-MIP – share in the portal and their roles and provide data, standardised methods, guidance and further publicity Contribution to impact Seeks to raise global research capacity by making the outputs from climate models used in pathway and theory of the IPCC Working Groups available and accessible to a wide range of users (2200 change organisations from 185 countries, of which 400 are non-research organisations in 60 countries; to date, more than 300 refereed publications acknowledge use of the portal). Addresses FP1 research hypothesis FP1 H1: CCAFS projections, scenarios methods, and priority setting tools will help decision makers target and implement policies and programs at various scales that improve food and nutrition security. Builds on FP1 assumption that scientific knowledge is a desired input into decision-making, and decision makers recognise the need for both scientific evidence and soft skills to use the former effectively. Example 6 Mode 2. Agricultural innovation delivery partnerships (Partnerships, platforms and alliances with the private sector, NGO and farmers groups creating value for farmers and companies) Name East Africa Dairy Development Project Convener EADD, UNIQUE Forestry and Land Use Specific focus and The East Africa Dairy Development (EADD) Programme works to strengthen the region’s objective dairy industry to make milk supply meet demand. EADD simultaneously aims to address the issue of greenhouse gas emissions related to livestock production. Objectives are thus to harness information for decision-making, expand access to markets, and increase productivity and efficiency. Current phase aims to increase participation by women farmers. A proposal for a Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action (NAMA) will be submitted for climate finance to scale up practices. Science agenda EADD partners, UNIQUE and CCAFS scientists focus on the issue of improving livestock productivity in ways that also reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Key challenges are the lack of data on emissions for current and new practices, identifying best practices, securing finance for scaling up of best practices, increasing participation by women, and monitoring emissions. Action research with partners is being conduced to identify best practices and increase women's participation. Simple standards for monitoring emissions in smallholder systems are being developed, as well as the establishment of costs and benefits of mitigation practices. Geographic East Africa; Kenya, Tanzania focus/location Role of the CRP CCAFS engagement encouraged EADD to adopt climate-smart agriculture as a programme objective, building in a low emissions development trajectory that also offers livelihood FP: 3 benefits to farmers. CCAFS provides technical support on mitigation option; links to climate finance and national policy; and measurement of emissions reductions. Key CGIAR partners ILRI: study feed practices and animal management to identify options for mitigation and their roles ICRAF: establish monitoring systems; supporting development of NAMA. Key ‘external’ partners UNIQUE Forestry and Land use: reviewed and select new climate-smart agriculture and their roles interventions in the new phase of the program and facilitate partnerships for climate finance; FAO: worked with CCAFS scientists to estimate emissions and productivity in dairy systems; Technoserve: helped farmers organize into dairy business associations to manage chilling services; African Breeders’ Services: provided technical support. Contribution to impact Seeks to contribute scientific evidence to a large-scale multi-stakeholder program in order pathway and theory of to maximize livelihood benefits of low emissions development to large numbers of change smallholder livestock keepers Addresses both FP3 research hypotheses, Hypothesis FP3 H1: LED practices for agricultural landscapes and value chains significantly reduce GHG emissions while ensuring rural food security and improving livelihood options. Hypothesis FP3 H2: Improved evidence, incentives, technical capacity, social mobilization and other enabling conditions for LED will support governments, the private sector and donors to implement LED policies and programs at large scales (> 250K farmers or 1 mil ha/per program). Builds on FP3 assumptions that countries and the private sector want to invest in LED options in agriculture; agricultural development activities incorporate new practices; LED options become integral components of farmers’ good production practices. Example 7 Mode 3. National Agri-food systems innovation partnerships (Inter-linked farm to policy multi-stakeholder processes and partnerships action changes in food systems that create social and economic value) Name Climate-smart villages in South Asia Convener CIMMYT Specific focus and Participatory research with NARS and farmers at “climate-smart villages” to test portfolios objective of climate-smart options and provide a learning platform for national policy-makers and CGIAR on best-bets for investment Science agenda Provision of scientific research sites and Learning Platform across all AFS CRPs to understand the performance of technologies and practices in terms of “climate-smartness” (food security, adaptation, mitigation) to use participatory research with farmers to generate greater evidence of CSA effectiveness in a real-life setting (including technological, social, institutional, financial, value-chain and policy innovations), eventually leading to prioritization of the best and practical adaptation options for particular geographic areas aiming to improve food security, livelihoods, nutrition and resilience, providing evidence and demonstration of best-bet CSA options that are deserving of investment for scaling out across a wide range of agro ecological zones with different farmer’s typologies, climate risks and vulnerabilities. Geographic Nepal, Bangladesh, India focus/location Role of the CRP Lead scientific methods for testing portfolios of CSA options Facilitate processes for learning at CSVs by policy-makers and private sector FP: 2 Enable the CGIAR to provide comprehensive guidance on CSA options, and through ambitious partnerships ensure active evidence-based discussion on when (and when not) CSA is a viable option for climate finance and mainstream agricultural investment. Key CGIAR partners Close integration with AFS-CRPs to identify technologies and practices. CIMMYT (housing and their roles CCAFS Regional Program Leader), IWMI, IRRI and CIAT have strong roles in the South Asian context to lead the work and deliver cross-CRP collaboration and site integration. Key ‘external’ partners Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute and Indian and their roles Council of Agricultural Research leading research in respective countries; input providers (private sector); sub-national and national governments; WISAT to lead gender and social inclusion research. Contribution to impact Seeks to inform the significant investment that is becoming available for scaling CSA, pathway and theory of through a pipeline of tested CSA options that can be adapted to different site-specific change conditions and maximise value for money. CSVs will generate evidence of CSA effectiveness at local scales (hypothesis 1) and inform appropriate incentives and scale-out strategies to generate greater CSA investment and outcomes (hypothesis 2). Addresses FP2 research hypotheses, particularly FP2 H1 that Context-specific knowledge on the impacts of portfolios of practices, technologies and information systems on CSA-related outcomes as well as on their cost-effectiveness advantages compared to current practice, leads to adoption of CSA at the local level. This is turn informs appropriate incentives and scale-out strategies to generate greater CSA investment and outcomes (FP2 H2). Builds on FP2 assumption that CSA differs from “business-as-usual” approaches by emphasizing the capacity to implement flexible, context-specific solutions, supported by innovative policy and financing actions. Example 8 Mode 4. Global development innovation partnerships (Global architectures of MSP platforms create coherence between global and local agendas and implementation strategies and action that brings about systems adaptation) Name Global Framework on Climate Services (GFCS) Convener World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Specific focus and Formalization of the global commitment to develop effective climate services in vulnerable objective countries. GFCS aims to improve management of risks related to climate variability/change and adaptation through the incorporation of science-based climate information and forecasting into policy, planning and practice at global, regional and national scale. Science agenda Addressing critical gaps in knowledge, methodology, capacity and evidence to better deliver climate services. Geographic Global focus/location Role of the CRP Member of GFCS Partner Advisory Committee FP: 4 Key CGIAR partners ILRI CCAFS Climate Services Scientist initiated engagement with GFCS, and led CCAFS and their roles component of GFCS Adaptation Program in Africa. East Africa GFCS work coordinated through ILRI East Africa Regional Program. ICRAFT provided expertise on needs assessment, and ICRISAT on ICT-based communication. Key ‘external’ partners World Food Programme (WFP): a key partner with CCAFS in guiding GFCS strategy for the and their roles agriculture and food security sector, jointly managed training of extension workers in East Africa in Participatory Integrated Climate Services for Agriculture (PICSA). WMO: convenes the GFCS and hosts GFCS Secretariat, partners with CCAFS regional work in East Africa; Executive Council Task Team; Extraordinary Session of the World Meteorological Congress; Intergovernmental Board on Climate Services; Centre for International Climate and Environmental Research in Oslo (CICERO): R&D on climate services; International Federation of the Red Cross (IFRC): implementing Climate Services Adaptation Programme in Africa; World Health Organization (WHO): joint Climate and Health Office; Contribution to impact Seeks to embed FP4 research into a global process to close the gap between demand for pathway and theory of climate-informed services and supply, providing a coherent framework for coordinated change action that avoids duplication among the major players and thus holds the potential to reach scale more quickly and cost-effectively than through parallel efforts Addresses FP4 research hypotheses, particularly Hypothesis FP4 H2: Overcoming key gaps in available climate information, in knowledge and methods to effectively target and implement climate-informed services and interventions, and in the evidence of their benefits, leads to more effective use of climate information by farmers and by the institutions that serve them. Builds on FP4 ToC assumptions: (1) Improving access to relevant climate-related information can remove obstacles to implementing advisory, insurance and safety net services that effectively empower and protect rural communities. (2) The effectiveness and scale of weather-related insurance and safety nets targeting smallholder farmers are constrained by gaps in knowledge, methods, tools, capacity and evidence; and CCAFS and its partners have a comparative advantage to address these gaps. (3) Growing interest and increasing investment in climate services will continue, creating opportunity to expand reach to rural communities in the developing world. CCAFS research and engagement will influence targeting, design and coordination of investments; and spur further investment through evidence. (4) Effective partnerships with relevant major organizations and initiatives working in climate services, agricultural insurance, and food security information and response will be maintained and expanded. Annex Table 2. Proposed topics for collaboration between non-CGIAR Strategic Partners and CCAFS. The funds shown are for the partners’ own use, or may involve transfers of funds among partners. Co-investment in Key stages Strategic 2017 (000 USD) CCAFS Areas of collaboration with CCAFS (2017-2022) of impact Contact partner Strategic pathway CCAFS Point partner Research partners CATIE  Providing scientific-development platform for Discovery 200 200 LP6 CCAFS in LAM with emphasis in Central America Scaling (Nicaragua and Trifinio) CSA LAM  Hosting CCAFS LAM CSV scientific coordinator in Proof-of- Central America concept  Increasing smallholder, producer organization, value chain and territorial platforms’ capacities to adapt to impacts of climate variability/change Scaling out  Scaling-up and scaling-out good practices and lessons learned  Supporting Latin American countries in implementation of CSA through an inclusive and territorial approach by: i) identification of specific country goals; ii) identification of technical/financial needs/strategies to achieve goals; iii) implementation of fundraising strategies and engagement CIRAD  Collaborate with CCAFS on 4 pour mille Discovery 562 500 Director initiative, including global activities and country activities in at least WA and SEA (FP3)  Supporting climate-smart villages in Colombia Scaling out and SEA (with both regions having seconded scientists) (CoA 2.1, LP2) Proof-of-  CIRAD scientists at CATIE linked with CATIE in concept joint work with CCAFS in Central America  Joint activities on modelling linked to AgMIP  Key partner with CIFOR and FTA/CCAFS in the Brazil cattle and deforestation project (CoA 3.3) CSIRO  Downscaling climate change impacts, including Discovery 400 400 FP1 incorporating variability (LP1)  Cross-scale modelling of livelihoods in relation to climate smartness across scales (CoA 1.1)  Transformational processes, adaptation Proof-of- pathways and guidelines (CoA 1.2) concept  Farm-scale mitigation (CoA 3.2)  Farm-scale adaptation (CoA 2.1)  Innovation systems (LP6) Scaling Future  Representing partners on the CCAFS Proof-of- TBD 120 Director Earth Independent Steering Committee concept  Hosting the Knowledge Action Network on Food-Energy-Water, to which CCAFS will contribute Scaling out  Joint products/ events in relation to global processes; Co-convene a working group on SDG metrics development Global  Data sharing on GHG emissions from Discovery TBD 210 FP3 Research smallholder farming (FP3) Alliance on  Technical guidelines for field measurement and Proof-of- Agricultural contributions (LP4) concept Greenhous  Capacity building on quantifying GHG emissions e Gases  Joint documentation on MRV for reducing emissions from livestock; and policy briefs  Joint meetings to coordinate research agendas ICAR  Creating evidence for climate-smart villages and Discovery TBD 150 LP6 scaling out (CoA 2.1, LP2) Scaling  Developing improved triggers for crop insurance Proof-of- CSA  Joint work on modelling agricultural systems concept SA IRI  Hosting the FP2 leader 900 2750 FP4 (Columbia  Knowledge and methods to tailor historic and Discovery University) seasonal to sub-seasonal climate information to agricultural needs (CoA 4.1)  Embedding climate information into services Proof-of- (CoA 4.2) concept  Brokering partnership with global climate services community (CoA 4.2/4.4)  Guidance on index insurance implementation good practice and partnership opportunities (CoA 4.3, LP4)  Good practice guidance on interpreting and using climate change scenarios for impact studies NUI Galway  Agricultural research on climate-proofed Discovery 186 80 FP2 biofortified crops for maternal and child nutrition  Labour-saving CSA practices & gender-sensitive Proof-of- CSA innovations for women smallholders (LP5) concept  Strengthening CCAFS research collaborations with A4NH and DCL  Training and capacity building oriented international Masters degree (MSc CCAFS)  PhD and postdoctoral researcher training and research on CCAFS aligned topics  Partnership on development of SFI Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Agri-Innovation Univ of  Co-leadership and scientific backstopping under Discovery 250 100 FP2 Leeds CoA 2.2 Univ of  Hosting a scenarios team on climate change and Discovery 400 400 FP1 Oxford food and nutrition security foresight (CoA 1.2)  Food and nutrition security perspectives for Scaling out climate change Univ of  Hosting the FP3 leader Discovery 790 3200 FP3 Vermont  Food security and mitigation of GHG emissions in coffee, soybean, rice, maize and other systems Proof-of-  Reducing the impacts of agriculture on land use concept conversion  Participatory planning for CSA in coffee Scaling out landscapes Wageninge  Leadership on business models and finance for Discovery 550 TBC 6610 Director n scaling CSA (CoA 2.4) University  Leadership on reducing emissions from food loss Proof-of- and waste (CoA 3.3) concept  Co-leadership on food and nutrition security futures; Food systems perspectives for climate Scaling out change and nutrition (MAGNET model and H2020 SUSFANS) (CoA 1.2)  Key partner in the East African Regional Program  Major project work on: managing nitrogen to reduce emissions (CoA 3.2); Enhancing incentives to reduce emissions in dairy value chains (CoA 3.3) Development partners SEARCA  Produce added value in terms of knowledge, Proof-of- 1090 500 LP6 technologies, capacities, processes and inputs to concept (SEARCA Scaling policies at national/ASEAN levels through 400 + CSA Umbrella Program on Climate Change Adaptation Scaling out counterpar SE Asia and Mitigation for Southeast Asia (CChAM) t funds  Provide a platform for collaborative research from and development, and knowledge management SEARCA and capacity development on climate change partners adaptation and resilience in Southeast Asia 690)  Priority areas for collaboration at the regional and sub-regional levels include: (1) assessing climate change impacts and risks for policy, plans and investments; (2) advancing low-carbon agriculture and rural development; (3) enhancing proactive adaptation to climate change, variability and extremes; and (4) enabling policies and governance for climate-resilient agriculture and rural communities  Support implementing the ASEAN Vision for Food, Agriculture and Forestry (2016-2025) CARE  Climate and agricultural finance that matters for Proof-of- 300 (e.g. 345 LP6 poor women and men and youth to enable concept CARE has Scaling climate-resilient pathways out of poverty (helping bilateral CSA CCAFS mainstream GSI) (LP5) Scaling out project for Global  Impactful practice in strengthening gender Laos linked equality and social inclusion in ‘climate-smart’ to their communities, agriculture and rural enterprises CCAFS  Facilitating ‘climate-smart agriculture’ that bring project – 1 benefits to poor and marginalized communities million (CoA 2.1/2.2) over 4  Scaling-out climate information services and years) participatory scenario planning through community-driven adaptation and risk management initiatives (CoA 4.2)  Bringing gender equality and social inclusion lens to UNFCCC negotiations and other global processes through joint papers and events (LP6) CTA  Joint communication and dissemination on key Scaling out 300 700 LP6 strategic products, both global and regional Scaling  Joint global or regional events to promote CSA products and engage in policy processes Global  Collaboration on scaling up projects in EA, SA and Southern Africa FAO  Co-facilitation of the GACSA Knowledge Action Discovery 300 300 LP6 Group Scaling  Joint global outreach and collaboration on policy Proof-of- CSA engagement around CSA (LP6) concept Global  Contributions to the CSA compendium (FP2), including meta-analysis to address constraints by Scaling out practice, technology & portfolio  Joint work on gender and social inclusion, e.g. Gender and Inclusion Toolkit and CCAFS contribution to IFAD-WB-FAO gender agriculture sourcebook and uptake of CCAFS methods (LP5)  Shared data and methods, for example on household modelling (FP1) and application of the Ex-Act tool for assessing mitigation (FP3)  Policy-science workshops (FP3) and other shared capacity development initiatives, events and products  Complementarity between FP4 and FAO on social protection and other measures to increase resilience to climate shocks GIZ  Building links between research and Proof-of- 150 (incl 300 LP6 development initiatives involving adaptation and concept Technical mitigation, involving FP1 FP2 and FP4 work with Expert) GIZ agriculture division; and FP3 work with GIZ Scaling out environment and climate division  Best practice principles for innovation platforms  Work on specific projects as mutually agreed IFAD  Learning Alliance between CCAFS and IFAD to Proof-of- 432 500 LP6 deliver innovative IPGs relevant to development concept Scaling programming, contribute to policy dialogue at CSA global and national levels and develop capacity Scaling out Global among national research institutions  Joint global outreach including events and policy reports  CGIAR contributions to IFAD-ASAP analyses and country program designs (CoA 1.1)  Collaboration under the umbrella of the GACSA Investment Action Group  Joint work on gender and social inclusion, e.g. CCAFS contribution to IFAD-WB-FAO gender agriculture sourcebook (LP5) IICA  Strengthening national and regional capacity to Scaling out 150 200 LP6 address challenges related to climate change and Scaling variability in the agricultural sector of LAM. CSA LAM Enabling regional platforms for exchanges of knowledge and lessons learned from local to national experiences on implementing CSA  Supporting countries in agricultural sector planning processes through tailored research and policy outputs to address agroclimatic risks  Scaling-up and scaling-out good practices and lessons learned based on IICA and CCAFS expertise and experience in the region  Supporting LAMn countries in implementation of CSA approach through: i) the identification of country goals; ii) the identification of technical/financial needs/ strategies to achieve those goals and; iii) implementation of fundraising strategies IIRR  Enhancing CCAFS skills in participatory action Proof-of- 300 150 FP2 research (CoA 2.1 and LP2) concept  Improving capacity development on key CSA technologies (CoA 2.1) Scaling out  Implementing CSV in SEA (CoA 2.1)  Community based adaptation, establishment of proof of concept sites, and CSA scaling up  Knowledge management for local governments and community level campaigns for CSA promotion NEPAD  Scaling up CSA via the Alliance for CSA in Africa Proof-of- 200 682 LP6  Joint site-level learning on CSA under LP2 concept Scaling  Continental standards and benchmark for CSA WA assessing CSA practice and adoption Scaling out and EA  Policy engagement on CSA in Africa linked to LP6 Pan-African  Policy engagement and capacity development Proof-of- TBC 300 LP6 Farmers for national levels, UNFCCC, Africa Ministerial concept Scaling Organizatio Conference on the Environment process, the CSA WA n Alliance for CSA in Africa, linked to LP6 Scaling out and EA (representi  Scaling climate smart solutions in Africa ng African  Increase the capacity of smallholder farmers to regional cope and adapt to climate variability and change, farmers through developing content for agricultural organizatio extension/advisory services ns)  Index-based insurance linked to LP4  Low emissions practices  Integration of climate change into agricultural policies  Joint global outreach WISAT  Hosting the Gender and Social Inclusion Leader Discovery 75 900 LP5  Bringing CCAFS perspectives into national GSI assessments on gender and science & technology Proof-of- – cross-national indicator framework on women’s concept representation in sectors relevant to S&T for development, complemented by policy analysis Scaling out  Contribute research and analysis on gender and technology in relation to agriculture, women’s livelihoods, and agri value chains  Collaborate on inputs on gender, technology in global climate policy; research on African women and technology innovation World Bank  Hosting two CCAFS staff members so that Discovery TBD 400 LP6 research to practice links are made, and clear Scaling pathways between needed research products and Proof-of- CSA operational divisions are fostered (FP1/FP2) concept Global  Joint global outreach, including high-level events  Co-delivery of CSA country profiles Scaling out  Collaboration on CSA metrics (LP1)  Joint work on gender and social inclusion, e.g. CCAFS contribution to CSA 101 website, gender and CSA training and work with TTLs on integrating GSI into projects (LP5) World  WBCSD leading the Low Carbon Technology Proof-of- 367 130 LP6 Business Partnership Initiative (LCTPi) on Climate-Smart concept Scaling Council on Agriculture, with ambitious targets for private CSA Sustainable sector delivery of food security, adaptation and Scaling out Global Developme mitigation outcomes by 2030 nt  CCAFS leading one of four priority action areas on the CSA LCTPi (CSA metrics) on behalf of WBCSD members. CCAFS providing the wider WBCSD CSA program with strategic advice on private sector priorities, guidance on regional dialogues in key CSA geographies, and field trips that demonstrate CSA activities and results World  Joint development and evaluation of farmer Proof-of- TBD TBD FP4 Vision climate information and early warning systems in concept priority countries (CoA 4.2)  Development of good practice and decision Scaling out support for information and early warning services by World Vision for rural communities  Development of training approaches and materials to build capacity of World Vision staff to support rural climate services and climate risk management 3.2 Capacity development strategy (i) CapDev role in impact pathway Capacity development is pivotal to the impact pathways of CCAFS as a whole and the individual FPs, providing the mechanisms whereby increasing abilities to demand, undertake and utilize research lead to sustainable improvements in capacity to manage climate change. Thus the CCAFS capacity enhancement strategy addresses the full ToC cycle, from discovery through to scaling, monitoring and evaluation, as the sub-section below show. CCAFS will work at individual, organizational and institutional levels of capacity development, and with both researchers and research users, including organizations and networks. In Phase I and the Extension Phase CCAFS has undertaken capacity needs assessments at broad-ranging national levels (e.g. CSA country profiles) and at more specific levels of particular technological and institutional innovations (e.g. index insurance and GHG inventories). CCAFS is committed to improving its monitoring and evaluation of capacity development outcomes and impacts during Phase II, for example through rigorous ex-post impact assessments. (ii) Strategic CapDev actions CCAFS capacity development actions address all nine elements of the CGIAR CapDev framework, but focus in particular on four elements: (2) Learning materials and approaches; (5) Gender-sensitive approaches; (6) Institutional strengthening; and (8) Organizational development. Wherever possible, the four FPs will link capacity development actions for greater effectiveness and efficiency, and work with other CRPs. Learning materials and approaches CCAFS will invest in innovative content development and knowledge sharing mechanisms to increase the uptake of research outputs at all levels. All materials, trainings and outreach will be grounded in theory and designed in direct consultation with partners and intended end-users. To maximize uptake and sustainability, the intention of CCAFS is that all learning materials and associated decision tools and information resources should be under the direct control and ownership of partners and users as early in the research cycle as possible. For example, the National Environmental Information System, co-led by all FPs, will be under national ownership in Cote d'Ivoire from the start, with the assistance of the UN agency CTCN, providing environmental data of relevance to national policy-makers. The online South Asia Drought Monitoring System (FP4 linked to WLE) will serve as an interface between climate service providers and users, with local co-ownership. CCAFS will maximize scalable learning materials and capacity development at the level of extensionists and farmers through the appropriate use of communications technologies and approaches. In particular, work will continue with partners to develop, test and scale up agro-advisories that enhance farmers’ decision-making capacity under uncertain climatic conditions. In Rwanda, for example, intermediaries will be trained to communicate climate information services at large scale, reaching thousands of farmers through seasonal planning workshops, rural radio and a cellphone-based SMS platform (FP4). In Uganda, emphasis will be placed on putting climate change decision tools – and the capacity to use them – in the hands of private and public sector extension agencies (FP2). New flexible training materials will be developed in local languages (FP2 and FP3), through partnerships. CCAFS will also take advantage of opportunities to increase the uptake and learning value of existing tools and protocols. For example, work with AgMIP is intended to accelerate the use of integrated food security assessments in Africa and SA, as government agencies actively use the online protocols as a result of shared capacity development efforts between AgMIP and CCAFS (FP1). Likewise, CCAFS will work with users to improve the nitrous oxide protocol in the Cool Farm Tool, raising capacity among users of the foremost field-level emissions assessment tool in the private sector (FP3). The already widely used ICT-based Crop Manager will be enhanced, with relevant trainings, for all major food crops in SA and SEA (FP4). Gender-sensitive approaches CCAFS places particular emphasis on capacity development that is gender-sensitive. In some cases this involves capacity development activities that appreciate the different needs and capacities of men and women, while in other cases the emphasis is on providing specific opportunities for women, in recognition of the enormous participation and agency of women in global agriculture, yet weaker access to key resources and services. Phase I of CCAFS provided insights into the differing needs of women and men with regard to multiple climate-smart options, such as climate information services and adapted crop varieties. A gender toolkit developed with partners has been taken up widely. Phase II will continue to build this knowledge, and apply it directly in capacity development activities, working closely with key partners WISAT, Prolinnova and FAO. Gender sensitivity will be built into the design of capacity development actions. For example, the content and format of farming advice provided through agro-advisory services will be adjusted to accommodate preferences of women farmers and of women within farm households (FP2 and FP4). Research will test the degree to which these services can be gender transformative by improving control of resources and participation in decision-making (FP4). Current evidence will be synthesized and new knowledge and evidence will be generated to inform investment, design and implementation of these services. CCAFS will invest in deliberate and measurable inclusion of local capacity development initiatives led by women, such as the Triple A agroforestry project in Western Kenya, in which the local partners are either gender-sensitive or women-only self-help groups (FP2). Trade-offs between competing outcomes, such as emissions reductions and gender equity, will be researched and addressed (FP3). In building capacity of future research leaders, CCAFS will focus on women scientists. For example, global programs such as CLIFF-LAMNET and improvement of the MOT tool will prioritize training of women scientists and policy makers, to enhance their opportunities for contributing directly to national reporting and decision-making on agricultural greenhouse gas emissions (FP3). Post-doctoral positions for gender specialists from developing countries in selected sectors will support more gender-sensitive research. CCAFS will work with partners to measure continuous improvement in gender-sensitivity at individual, organizational and institutional levels of capacity development, including at the level of national policy. This will include research on approaches to capacity development, for example within the Climate Change and Social Learning initiative (FP1) and the National Assessments on Gender and STI ,which track the representation of women in key national sectors including agricultural and environmental sciences and decision making, the economy, and the agricultural labour force (WISAT). Institutional strengthening CCAFS will make strong investments in capacity development interventions at the institutional level, with a focus on the intersection between emerging climate change policies and processes on one hand, and pre-established policy frameworks and non-governmental mechanisms on the other. In all regions, CCAFS will provide integrative cross-CGIAR LPs on climate change. Building on existing national science-policy platforms led by CCAFS and partners, these will bring together relevant decision-makers to learn from CGIAR climate-related science in a consistent way, to inform key policies and programs such as National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) and submissions to the UNFCCC including INDCs. CCAFS facilitation of these multi-stakeholder platforms will provide direct institutional strengthening with regards to adaptation and mitigation capacity, including access to climate finance via for example the Green Climate Fund in individual countries, and at regional and higher levels via collaboration with partners such as NEPAD and ASEAN. Where necessary, sector-wide LPs will be complemented by more specific multi-stakeholder working groups, for example on insurance (FP4) and paddy rice management (FP3). Policy-makers will be directly involved in all stages of research relevant to policy design and implementation. For example in SA, CCAFS scientists will join with policy-makers to undertake case studies of Local Adaptation Plans of Action (LAPAs) to generate guidelines for practices, governance, business cases, incentives and institutional arrangements that will scale up climate-smart agriculture (FP2). Testing of a set of alternative institutional arrangements will be built into scaling up of the CSV model in India (FP1). In Colombia and other countries, researchers will work side by side with policy-makers to generate policy-relevant information on emissions reduction options, in the process building long-term institutional capacity to develop low emissions agricultural development pathways and to negotiate effectively in the global arena (FP3). Some institutional agendas require capacity development across multiple levels of governance. For genetic resources under climate change, for instance, processes to develop access and benefits sharing agreements will demand robust linkages between national public agencies and local communities (FP2). Other projects will use horizontally networked institutions among farmers and farming communities as a mechanism for capacity development. For example, in Kenya, best practices identified in local Community Action Plans will be implemented through farmer-to-farmer extension and training (FP2). The local institutional analysis carried out by CCAFS during its Phase I baseline enables identification of local self-help groups, and other formal or informal organizations, as effective partners for development of institutional capacity among farmers and their immediate boundary organizations. Crowd-sourcing will be tested in LAM for its effectiveness in enhancing adaptive capacity among farmers (FP2). Organizational development CCAFS recognizes the need to work closely both with research partners, especially NARS, and with boundary partners to address the new set of opportunities and challenges under climate change. These include new technical skill sets (e.g. models, future scenarios, greenhouse gas measurement) as well as a strong working knowledge of the many new mechanisms for linking from research to development outcomes (e.g. policy vehicles like the UNFCCC, finance mechanisms like the Green Climate Fund, disaster and risk management, private sector emissions targets). A set of highly focused capacity development actions will enhance the abilities of NARS in specific research approaches that will enable sustained inputs to national policy and to international science. For example, a focus in SA and SEA will be training of NARS and extension services in remote sensing information with applications in crop insurance (FP4). Direct collaboration with meteorological services will secure organizational capacity to provide farmer-friendly climate information services and to reconstruct historical climate records across Africa (FP4). Under the SAMPLES project and related work, considerable effort will be put into building knowledge and skills of national agricultural researchers around greenhouse gas analysis and more specifically mitigation options (FP3). These capacity development efforts will go beyond technical skills to include legal protocols, reporting systems, cost-efficiency and sources of finance. At a broader level of organizational development, CCAFS and its strategic partners will work with NARS and national- level boundary partners to manage internal and external processes in ways that increase research impact. Building on experience in the Extension Phase, CCAFS will work directly with NARS in several countries on fundraising for national- level research on climate change solutions in agriculture, for example from the Green Climate Fund. CCAFS will maintain annual targets for authorship of CCAFS-funded papers by NARS scientists. Capacity of NARS and boundary partners to influence policy will be enhanced by facilitating their inclusion and leadership in national and regional policy LPs. For example, SAG-DICTA (Secretariat of Agriculture and Livestock in the Directorate of Agricultural Science and Technology) in Honduras is strengthening its capacity on agroclimatic services and leading a LP to support policy actions. At higher levels, CCAFS will finance and facilitate NARS scientists to participate in processes such as The African Group of Negotiators Expert Support (AGNES) to maximize the evidence base and research impact in key forums that have a direct impact on allocation of resources to adaptation and mitigation in agriculture. (iii) Indicators that track progress and contribution to CapDev Sub-IDOs At the level of the whole program, each FP will target one of its five outcomes as a specific CapDev outcome. The selected outcome is “Policy-making capacity of government agencies enhanced”. This outcome was selected because of the outcome-orientation of CCAFS, the focus on policy as a route to scaling CSA and the crucial role of boundary partners. Thus at the level of the program, we place emphasis in capacity development on institutional strengthening. All project participants will be required to report on outcomes, so that the indicator “Number of policy decisions taken (in part) based on engagement and information dissemination by CRPs” can be tracked. Verification will be through external reviewers and ex-post impact assessments, against counterfactuals. In addition, to this program-level outcome/indicator, a number of other indicators will be tracked (Annex Table 3) through CCAFS data management strategy (e.g. in relation to learning materials and publications), through the GSI LP (the CaPDev indicators focused on gender) and through specific stakeholder surveys. Annex Table 3. CCAFS indicators to track progress and contribution to CapDev sub-IDO a) Learning materials and approaches CapDev Outputs CapDev Outcomes CapDev Outcomes (CRP/FP level) (CRP/FP level) (Boundary partner level) Output 1: Learning materials Outcome 1: Learning materials Outcome 1: Partner research and designed according to context and accessible to targeted users. development organizations use audience. Indicator: Proportion of intended learning materials and approaches. Indicators: Proportion of learning users who rate learning materials as Indicator: Number of partner materials developed for external accessible in participant feedback organizations that use materials and audiences reviewed with relevant surveys approaches partners Outcome 2: Users implement the Outcome 2: Training/workshops Output 2: Learning materials pilot learnings and take decisions based based on learning materials and tested with target audience. on materials. approaches leads to changes in Indicator: Proportion of learning Indicator: Increase in number of practice. materials developed for external outputs and decisions made by Indicator: Incidence of new audiences piloted with representative users that demonstrate application regulations, practices implemented audiences of learnings and materials following training or workshops b) Gender-sensitive approaches CapDev Outputs CapDev Outcomes CapDev Outcomes (CRP/FP level) (CRP/FP level) (Boundary partner level) Output 1: Engagement with key Outcome 1: Enhanced capacity and Outcome 1: Conducive agricultural partners for gender-sensitive willingness of CRP staff and policy environment for gender- approaches, including learning partners to understand and sensitive and gender-transformative agendas. embrace gender-sensitive measures. Indicators: Number of learning approaches in the design and Indicator: Number of new policies that agendas evaluated and implemented implementation of projects, support gender-sensitive and gender- programs, and policies. transformative measures Output 2: Provision of options for Indicators: Proportion of projects (disaggregated by country) capacity development in gender that include gender-sensitive approaches & toolkits. approaches Indicators: Number of gender toolkit (& similar) activities with partners c) Institutional strengthening CapDev Outputs CapDev Outcomes CapDev Outcomes (CRP/FP level) (CRP/FP level) (Boundary partner level) Output 1: CRPs/FPs support Outcome 1: Strategic plans for Outcome 1: Policy-making capacity of institutional strengthening activities institutional strengthening of government agencies enhanced. of boundary partners with a focus on policy capacity implemented. Indicators: Number of policy decisions policy makers from government Indicator: Number of strategic plan taken (in part) based on engagement agencies. recommendations implemented and information dissemination by Indicators: Number of policy platforms (disaggregated by agency or policy CRPs supported process) d) Organizational development CapDev Outputs CapDev Outcomes CapDev Outcomes (CRP/FP level) (CRP/FP level) (Boundary partner level) Output 1: Engagement with NARS and Outcome 1: Stronger skills of Outcome 1: Institutional support at research partners throughout the individuals and organizations in national level for effective R4D research cycle policy engagement for uptake Indicator: Increase in funding Indicator: Proportion of meetings (of Indicator: Increase in proportion of provided for (a) research and (b) Regional Program Leaders) at all stages policy engagement activities (e.g. engagement between research and of CRP cycle that include research events, online platforms, networks, research users partners and NARS (planning, policy briefs, public speaking implementation, progress review, appearances) led by NARS partners Outcome 2: Productive university- evaluation) industry collaboration Outcome 2: More effective R4D is Indicator: Increase in number of Output 2: Strengthen NARS and produced by NARS private sector adoptions of CRP research partner skills related to Indicator: Increase in number of innovations led by NARS research cycle peer-reviewed publications co- Indicators: Number of participants authored by NARS from NARS and research partner organizations (iv) Budget and resource allocation The capacity development budget is calculated as 18% of total budget, some allocated through the partnership budget and some coming from CGIAR staff costs and operational expenses. 3.3 Gender annex Gender Analysis in CRP Priority Setting and Research Gender research has substantially influenced the direction of CCAFS in all four areas identified by Lipper et al (2014) (see Section 1.0.4), as well as in FPs. Gender research in Phase I included: modelling yield gaps to identify and prioritize adaptation measures that benefit women farmers (2014); baseline surveys in all CCAFS sites that include a gender component (2013); systematic review of gender issues in climate risk management and gender-disaggregated field- based analysis of local use of climate information (2012); and training, models, tools and approaches to collect gender and social differentiated information on climate analogues, climate information, institutions, mitigation, and adaptation and risk (2011). FP1: Priorities and Policies for CSA. The Linking Knowledge to Action theme (2011-2014) influenced the integration of gender into the CCAFS MELIA and MARLO frameworks. This contributed in 2014 to RBM that substantively integrated gender into all Flagship research. The social learning approach also prompted expansion of the gender approach to include social “differentiation” (Kristjanson et al. 2014; Jost et al. 2015a). GSI was highlighted as a key strategy through which CCAFS research (including the Gender and Inclusion Toolbox) would help next users both inside and outside of the CRP to champion changes in CSA adoption approaches, policies and institutions (Jost et al. 2014). Work by Meinzen-Dick et al. (2012) and Beuchelt and Badstue (2013) highlighted the centrality of gender and women’s empowerment for nutrition and food security and the fact that women play different roles in attaining food security. As a result the FP focuses on the role of climate-smart institutions to increase women’s ability to control and make decisions around the use of resources to improve child health, enhance food and nutrition security, and increase education, all of which contribute to poverty reduction. In relation to climate policy, research has highlighted the low representation of gender in national and global policy and the importance of gender equality to achieve food and nutrition security and climate objectives (Gumucio and Tafur, 2015; Huyer 2016). FP2: Climate-Smart Technologies and Practices. Gender research in this FP has highlighted the lack of data and evidence on how CSA practices will impact women and men, and analysed gender benefits in CA. Findings include that men and women have different priorities for CSA, and that an enabling environment (policy, incentives, etc.) for gender and CSA considers strategic gender needs in addition to practical gender needs (Acosta et al. 2015; Gumucio and Tafur, 2015). The Gender Household Survey (CCAFS et al. 2013) provides differentiated data at baseline and subsequent stages which has been crucial to understand the gender aspects of climate vulnerability. Analysis of the survey has helped to inform the agendas of all FPs, but most specifically FP2 and FP4 (particularly in relation to accessing CSA information). Main findings are that across sites in Africa and Asia, women tend to be less aware of CSA practices and that they receive less information than men about climate change and agriculture (Twyman et al. 2014; Jost et al. 2015; Mittal, forthcoming). This research has also influenced an understanding that research and action need to be taken to the individual rather than the household/farm level to understand intra-household dynamics and decision making processes (Twyman et al. 2015), and the implications for CSA adoption of out-migration to urban areas. Greater understanding of women’s non-traditional activities is needed, along with changes occurring in gender roles as a result of environmental and social factors (Twyman, 2015; Gonda, forthcoming). FP3: Low Emissions Development. FP3 has set research priorities and identified high impact research for specific mitigation options in the regions. A gender and LED strategy developed in 2013 (Edmunds et al. 2013) identified three priority topics: (1) increasing awareness of norms of power, control and influence between men and women in decisions about LED practices; (2) improving innovation systems to value women’s needs and knowledge to support new management practices, and providing women with information; and (3) assessing the impacts of LED practices on women to provide early warning about potential inequities, identify where change is needed and contribute to the design of more successful interventions. Action research in three countries with Prolinnova has informed recognition of the need for community-level action in scaling up and using innovation approaches that create spaces for exchange of views to support changes in gender relations. In Honduras women worked with men to select agroforestry species (Hottle, 2015). Focusing on priority sectors and regions for mitigation, research in 2015-2016 synthesized existing knowledge, analysed opportunities for improving gender outcomes, and developed gender workplans with project leaders for fertilizer use, rice and livestock (Farnworth 2015, forthcoming a, b, c, d). FP4: Climate Services and Safety Nets. Patterns of unequal access to climate information and advisory services exist according to who can or cannot make use of these services to manage climate risks and strengthen resilience. Phase I provided insights into the differing needs of women and men for climate information and related services. FP4 research has found that the farmers who tend to be most vulnerable to climate change stresses are resource-poor, female and lower caste, marginalized by community sociocultural norms, and invisible to many outsiders (Tall et al. 2014). However, FP4 research also demonstrates that women farmers value climate and agricultural information when they have access to it, and that it is an important factor in the adoption of CSA by women (Kristjanson et al. 2015; Twyman et al. 2014). Gender-specific and -tailored climate services are required that take into account women’s agricultural tasks. The nature of communication channels required to reach the most vulnerable groups will differ according to sociocultural and gender differences (Kristjanson et al. 2015; Tall et al. 2014). FP4 research on index insurance indicates that trends in adoption also reflect gender differences in access to resources (Kumar forthcoming). Operationalizing gender in the CRP research agenda Research to date in CCAFS has demonstrated that integrating GSI into the program is critical for it to achieve its objectives. Program management recognized in 2014 that even greater emphasis on gender was needed and a new cross-cutting theme on gender was established, with the hiring in 2015 of a Global Research Leader on Gender and Social Inclusion. The draft recomendations from the CCAFS External Review also point to the need for increasing the focus on gender. It is in this light that the GSI strategy has been prepared. In Phase II, GSI research and results will be integrated through: Flagship research; gender-disaggregated data sets; indicators on technology uptake, gender- focused CapDev indicators (see Annex Table 3b) and indicators for six of the 12 CCAFS sub-IDOs; % of budget allocated to strategic and integrated gender research; and staff diversity indicators. As a result of ongoing reviews and syntheses in 2015-2016 of Phase I research, a series of gender gaps in research and assessment have been identified for integrating GSI more systematically into the CRP, along with promising areas for further analysis. Flagship research. All FPs are using the results of gender research, analysis and tools to identify research priorities for Phase II. FP1 will utilize and build on research that informs, catalyses and targets CSA for women and other vulnerable groups (Jost et al. 2015a,b). Recognizing that a lack of sex-disaggregated data has resulted in underestimation of women’s contributions to livelihoods, health and nutrition (Huyer 2014), sex-disaggregated data collected during Phase I will be used for ex ante evaluation and priority setting to understand the implications of CSA interventions on men, women, youth, and marginalized groups. FP1 will explore and test the best methods for formulating policies and programs that encourage equitable access to and control of productive assets. This will involve examining how GSI research findings are taken up by decision-makers. The aim is to better integrate gender into climate change policy and investment decisions. In Phase II FP2 will identify trade-offs of food security, adaptation and mitigation of CSA and whether they differ for men and women, young and old. It will address intra-household dynamics and decision-making processes to identify incentives for women’s adoption of and benefits from CSA (including finance instruments). Addressing questions related to CSA and gender will help identify those practices and technologies that have positive impacts on the control of productive assets and resources within communities. Work initiated in 2016 will continue to develop a conceptual framework and GSI metrics for designing context-specific and gender-sensitive interventions. These include gender in CSA indicators at national and project levels; and inclusion of gender in the CSA best practices compendium. It also includes integrating gender into scaling up frameworks, for example in CSVs. A major challenge for CSA is to identify the context-specific technologies and supporting measures that may be needed; and the trade-offs and co- benefits that different combinations of options will deliver, for different stakeholders including women (Beuchelt and Badstue, 2013; Bryan et al. 2015; Locatelli et al. 2015; Thornton and Herrero 2015). CCAFS proposes to address fundamental questions via participatory research at climate-smart villages (CSVs) and district scale with farmers and development agencies, including the private sector. This research will be linked to higher-level analyses (e.g. models of scaling processes and trade-offs) to generate IPGs on alternatives for agricultural development. Phase I work informs FP3 priorities and plans for Phase II in several ways: those mitigation options with the highest potential impacts involve activities dominated by men, especially in decision-making, so targeting women for adoption in the short-run will cause trade-offs in meeting SLOs. As a result FP3 has focused on increasing women’s technical expertise, for example in the CLIFF and LAMNET PhD programs, and engagement in policy. Other opportunities include targeting value chain niches where women are more active, such as dairy; and analysis of gender safeguards, a requirement for climate finance. Participatory analysis of incentives for alternate wetting and drying in rice will take place in Southeast Asia. Current research on gender priorities and training in livestock in Kenya is influenced by an understanding that overcoming barriers for women in the sector is important for achieving NAMA goals. Dairy-related research with a gender dimension will take place in several countries. Two postdoc positions on gender and livestock are in place. FP4 research in Phase I demonstrated that climate services can be implemented in a way that either reinforces existing gender and social inequities, or fosters equity by effectively targeting women and other social groups. As a result, institutional services that target rural communities are a major part of the FP4 agenda. In Phase II, research will build on these findings to strengthen understanding of how climate services and agricultural insurance can meet the differing needs of women and men and integrate this understanding into scaling up. Current evidence will be synthesized and new evidence will be generated to inform investment, design and implementation of services that reach both women and men. Current gaps and areas for future research. In Phase I, insufficient attention was paid to coordinating research and results across the program. Steps need to be taken to collect, synthesize and assess research to date and to establish a basis for priorities going forward. Plans are underway for synthetic activities in 3 FPs in 2016 (FP1: climate and food systems policy; FP2: CSA measurement and scaling up frameworks; FP4: climate services). In 2017 a synthesis of FP3 research will refine a GSI agenda for LED. Another gap is gender impact assessment of CSA technologies. An assessment in 2013 indicated that 29% of Flagship products produced were explicitly targeted to women farmers, while 0% Flagship products were assessed for likely gender-disaggregated impact. In 2014, these percentages increased to 38% and 25% respectively. CCAFS will continue to measure this through the Phase II FP2 indicator “Number of site-specific targeted CSA technologies/practices tested, with all options examined for their gender implications”. A gender impact assessment framework and method for this is being developed. While steps have been taken, the challenge for CCAFS is to move beyond diagnostic research to gender-transformative research, or transformation of gender roles and relations between women and men (Cole et al. 2014). Action research is needed to analyse the most promising options for promoting the inclusion of women and youth in CSA. Development of tools and methodologies for CSA policy and programming, integration of GSI into scaling up strategies, and methods for working with policy makers, finance institutions and local institutions are also needed. Power relations and socio-cultural norms affect the ability of different social groups to access and control productive resources and to participate in decision making. Phase II research will help to better understand intra-household dynamics and decision making, as well as options, models and methods for promoting equitable decision making among household members. An FP3 gender and livestock post-doc position will contribute research on household methodologies. Gender monitoring indicators. CCAFS has included gender components in six of its 12 sub-IDOs. Included in these are two gender and youth sub-IDOs (Section 1.0.4). Sex-disaggregated data on beneficiary populations and participants are collected in all projects, and are integrated into all monitoring and endline data. The capacity development strategy also includes four gender-focussed indicators that will be tracked (Annex Table 3b). Gender is integrated into the MELIA, MARLO and RBM frameworks. Independent evaluations (including one undertaken in 2015) also integrate sex- disaggregated data and assessment of gender analysis in their review. The percentage of program funds going to gender-focused activities is targeted at 20% for Phase II (up from 15% in 2015). Attention to serious gender research will be monitored through RBM, and poor performance will be penalized by budget adjustments. There will also be capacity development efforts to raise understanding about gender research. Gender research budgets will follow the guidance contained in Definitions of Gender Research for CRP Budgets (June 2015), prepared by the CGIAR Gender and Agriculture Research Network. Staff diversity indicators in the GSI Strategy will monitor % women on the Program Management Committee, as Research Leaders and as Regional Program Leaders. The ultimate goal is that all bodies achieve a target of 50% women. Enabling environment for women scientists CCAFS supports women’s active participation in research, capacity building, policy engagement activities and events at local to international levels. It will increase access of women scientists to research and training opportunities. It has a policy of recruitment and leadership development of women scientists. Three of seven members of the PMC will be women in Phase II, while three of six FPLs/Global Research Leaders and two of five RPLs are women. 3.4. Youth strategy Youth: Critical concern for climate change and agriculture The global population is expected to increase to 9 billion by 2050, with youth (aged 15–24) accounting for about 14 percent (FAO 2014). In Africa alone, the Youth Division of the Africa Union Commission recently stated that about 65% of the total population of Africa is under the age of 35 years, with 10 million youth entering the labor market annually (AGRA 2015). Decisions today on agriculture and climate change will have a strong intergenerational impact on the global south, disproportionately affecting those under 25 (Farming First 2015). Long-term adaptation and mitigation strategies must therefore engage the youth today and the generations to come. “Authentic engagement of women and youth” is needed to accelerate the benefits of CSA (Chesterman and Neely 2015). Youth represent a disproportionate share of the world’s poor (World Bank 2006). Their limited access to assets makes them more vulnerable to poverty, and a lack of participation in decision-making can pose a risk to society by disenfranchised, frustrated youth (World Bank 2006). In many rural areas, youth often have little or no say over resource allocations because of their limited access to land (Atakos 2013), inheritance customs which divide up land into smaller parcels as it is passed on to the next generation, and lack of participation in community and household decision making. They are also unduly affected by economic uncertainty, political upheaval conflict, and climate change – often leading to migration to urban areas within the same country or beyond borders in search of a better life or a means to support their families left behind (Paudel 2015; World Bank 2006). In many parts of the world, youth involved in the agriculture sector not only face challenges in access to and control over land, capital and financial services, and agricultural inputs. All of these need to be addressed in a framework of enabling policies to support youth to adapt to and mitigate the impacts of climate change. Youth have faced challenges participating in national and global climate change processes although the situation has improved over time. Youth participation at global climate change meetings was first acknowledged in 1999 at COP5 in Bonn; a decade later in 2009, the YOUNGO constituency was formed, allowing formal engagement in the negotiating process. Key text under the UNFCCC recognizes the importance of youth, with the Convention emphasizing the importance of education and participation (Article 6) (Farming First 2015). Yet at global and national levels, there is still much more to do to support youth in important climate decision-making processes and programs. For example, youth (and gender) need to be at the centre of the implementation of the recently submitted INDCs (Richards et al. 2015). The need for youth-responsive research “Youth responsive” research on climate mitigation, adaptation, information and services, and policy is important to ensure the youth of today and the generations of tomorrow will be able to cope with the changes in agriculture brought on by climate change and contribute to the policies needed for mitigation and adaptation. Youth responsive social analysis examines “the youth dimension of social systems relevant to project success in order to inform youth- responsive project design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation” (World Bank 2006). CCAFS youth-responsive climate change research considers social (including youth) and gender dimensions at different levels from household to national and beyond, in order to: (i) improve the access and control by youth to productive assets, including natural resources; and (ii) improve the capacity of youth to participate in decision-making at different levels. Research must therefore be designed and implemented in a way that young women and men can participate and benefit from the process and findings and build the resilience of their households and communities. Youth-responsive research includes a gender perspective to ensure the needs, interests, priorities, challenges, knowledge and experience of young women and men are considered. CCAFS research in Phase I found that an effective way to work with young women and men at different levels – from household to national and beyond – is through the use of a range of: (i) social learning approaches and platforms (e.g. youth community theatre, art, participatory video, coaching and peer group discussions, ICT, social media, and gaming) and (ii) organizations (e.g. youth organizations, schools, farmer associations, women’s groups) for engaging them in climate mitigation and adaptation action, advocacy and policy. These approaches, platforms, and organization can be used to strengthen youth’s knowledge, skills and insights needed to engage in climate-smart farming; support them to develop rural enterprises and connect to markets; and share their knowledge and skills with others in communities. Organizational models exist for working with youth in agriculture and climate change; these include FAO’s Junior Farmer Field and Life Schools (JFFLS), CCAFS’s CSVs and associated farmers and youth groups. Phase I in brief In Phase I, CCAFS worked across different levels to support youth in adaptation and mitigation actions – particularly in climate-smart practices, climate services, and social learning processes at the sub-national and community levels -- as well as supporting youth engagement at a more global policy level. In support of youth participation in the UNFCCC process, CCAFS recently strengthened youth issues in the Guide to UNFCCC Negotiations on Agriculture: Toolkit for Communications and Outreach (Farming First 2015). CCAFS has promoted opportunities for youth in entrepreneurship and value chains as well as strengthening the capacity of youth in promoting agribusiness and farm enterprises for economic transformation. For example, the East Africa regional program has been working with partners to develop business models that link youth with markets for their agricultural products. CCAFS worked with Young Professionals for Agricultural Development (YPARD) to develop a series of round tables for West African youth to strengthen their capacity in promoting agribusiness, farm enterprises and economic transformation (Koningstein 2015). In Kenya, CSVs provide an opportunity for developing capacity and include a component of youth engagement (Ojango et al. 2015). In the Philippines, young men and women have been transmitting CSA information to their parents and communities through learning about and participating in the CCAFS supported “infomediaries” model (Manalo et al. 2015). As part of the Infomediary program, CCAFS also supported a nationwide poster and short filmmaking contest to bring young people to the center of climate change and agriculture discourse through the use of their artistic impressions (Celis 2015). Further, a media workshop in the Philippines was held for seventy-six student journalists to learn about climate change-related reporting (Cruz 2016). CCAFS has carried out innovative work in Nicaragua building the capacity of rural youth on the use of participatory video to express their concerns on climate change, food security and social issues (Koningstein and Azadegan 2015). In the Los Cerrillos-Cauca CSV in Colombia, rural youth are involved in local adaptation planning using their training on GIS tools, agricultural practices and communication skills to support adults in the decision making process (Ortega 2015). Youth strategy – Phase II Contribution to IDOs Youth are an important element of achieving the CGIAR SLO targets. They are the next generation and are both vulnerable to the current and future impacts of climate change, but also offer ways forward as important agents of change in their households, schools, business ventures, communities, countries and regions. Climate change impacts (e.g. natural resources depletion and decrease in assets and agricultural productivity) will affect the ability of young women and men to secure livelihoods and incomes. Investing in adaptation and mitigation initiatives and climate-smart policies and plans that are youth-responsive and engage their interest will significantly increase the chances of youth building and benefiting from climate resilience knowledge, skills, and opportunities. A greater focus on how to involve youth in agricultural value chains, from agricultural research and extension to agricultural input supply to transportation and marketing through to processing and value addition can help overcome some of the constraints to participation in on-farm activity (e.g., lack of land ownership). For both the sub-IDOs that CCAFS will target under the Equity and Inclusion Achieved IDO, project participants will track youth indicators (“organizations adapting their plans and directing investment to increase youth access, and control over, productive assets and resources” and “organizations adapting their plans or directing investment to increase youth participation in decision-making”). Youth Strategy The youth strategy is linked to the CCAFS Gender and Social Inclusion Strategy and will be implemented across all regions and FPs. It will build on and broaden CCAFS’ ongoing initiatives and experience working with youth to reach greater impact. While youth will be interwoven into gender and social inclusion (GSI) activities across CCAFS work, particularly in scaling up CSA, at the same time, CCAFS will also target youth separate from gender-related activities through the inclusion of youth-focused strategic research across FPs and Regions. Specifically, this will build on CCAFS' Phase I experience with youth in LAM, WA, EA, SA and SEA and will include the following activities: 1.) Disaggregation and analysis of data in the design, implementation, and reporting of activities (e.g. by sex, age); 2.) Strategic research on youth engagement in policy and how this can be improved at global and national policy levels (e.g. through civil society organizations, social media, youth networks, negotiation processes) and in programming at sub-national level (e.g. within adaptation and mitigation research programs); 3.) Examining the role of youth along the CSA value chains in CCAFS and priority value chains in AFS-CRPs, including agricultural research, extension services, agriculture input supply, transportation and processing, to develop attractive opportunities for youth beyond the farm; 4.) Research on the use of ICT technologies and engagement processes to meet the CSA and climate information needs of youth to strengthen youth entrepreneurship, agricultural production for household and market, and climate resilience; and 5.) Capacity strengthening including through participatory learning approaches with youth (e.g. use of participatory video and theatre and ICTs). Youth in CCAFS FPs and Clusters of Activity In Phase II, FP1 will compare approaches to youth engagement from national to global policy levels as well as locally and engage with local and subnational groups to include youth in decision making. It will support the integration of agriculture and climate change into education policy and curricula, and emphasise targeting youth in agricultural extension. FP1 will test specific methods of engaging youth including using social media, mobile telephony, radio, television, and citizen science initiatives. This will help inform the creation and refinement of food and nutrition secure futures under climate change in CoA 1.2, where gaming and other forms of innovative engagement will aim to empower youth to take centre stage in their development. Outputs will include gender and youth-focused policy guidance for CSA and novel youth engagement approaches (2019-2020). Under CoA 1.3, outputs will include innovative ICT-based tools and gaming to support accountability mechanisms in institutions at multiple scales and to engage youth in decision-making. Under CoA 2.4, FP2 will contribute to the gender and youth IDOs by identifying trade-offs of food security, adaptation, and mitigation for a range of CSA practices and technologies and whether they differ for men and women, young and old (e.g. workload, benefits). Some specific efforts in LAM and SA will address youth particularly by introducing novel ICT tools to better manage climate related risks as ICTs are recognized as an instrument to increase participation of youth in agriculture. Attention will be given in research and capacity development to gender and youth sensitive considerations and barriers to CSA adoption, and creating an enabling institutional environment for increased investment and scaling up of CSA. Research will generate effective indicators for gender-related benefits of CSA and apply them in CSVs to understand sex- and youth-disaggregated adoption profiles for a range of CSA options, and allow cross-regional comparison and customizing of approaches of the primary barriers holding back adoption. FP2 will also include a key research question focused on existing and innovative finance instruments that will provide incentives to farmers to access, adopt and promote CSA practices, and their efficacy in reaching and positively impacting those most marginalized; this will include a focus on youth. FP3 will work with networks of trial sites in CSVs in each FP3 country in relation to adaptation and mitigation of GHGs including activities by women and youth farmers’ groups. FP3 research will engage youth organizations and FP3 will also partner with youth organizations along with other partners. CoAs 3.2 and 3.3 will address the roles of women and youth farmers in implementing LED, contributing to increased capacity of women and young people to participate in decision-making. Outputs will include networks of trial sites in CSVs, including activities by women and youth farmers (2018) and strengthened capacity of young female scientists in GHG quantification (2019-2022). FP4 will strengthen understanding of how climate service can meet the differing needs and engage the creativity of youth; incorporate those insights into efforts to scale up climate services; investigate student influence on communities; and test the degree to which these services can be youth-responsive by improving control of resources and participation in decision-making. This will include understanding the factors that enable or constrain youth access to climate-related information and advisories. FP4 will address the climate service needs of youth under CoA 4.2 and their financial/agricultural insurance needs under CoA 4.3 to manage climate risk and adapt to climate change. All FPs will explore strategies and options for ensuring that youth participate in financial markets and commercial agricultural value chains, including priority value chains in AFS-CRPs (rice, fish and aquaculture, livestock, dryland systems, and others). Research will generate evidence on youth-related motivations, opportunities, challenges and benefits of specific technologies and practices; monitor and evaluate the impacts of LED on livelihoods; explore strategies to engage youth; and exploit their creative influence on farming communities, bundling, communication challenges at scale, public-private partnerships, and sustainable business models. Organization and management CCAFS will use existing mechanisms for addressing gender across FPs and Regions to design, implement, and report on youth activities (e.g. GSI team, gender focal points at centres, gender and CC network). Youth is integrated into the MELIA, MARLO and RBM frameworks. Research will be shared through CCAFS products (e.g. working papers, information and policy briefs, CCAFS website and blog, CGIAR networks and websites, contributions to international publications and fora, and inputs to global policy processes). The budget will track expenditures on youth separate from gender. Partnerships CCAFS will collaborate with organizations working with, or focused on, youth in agriculture and climate change including FAO, IFAD, CARE, Young Professionals for Agricultural Development (Y-PARD), the CSA Youth Network, and sub-national organizations, networks and initiatives (e.g. Ecohabitats in Colombia). CCAFS will also collaborate with national, regional, and global government, research and policy bodies to improve youth engagement in policy and programming processes. 3.5 Results based management and MELIA (a) Incorporating RBM into CCAFS Management Structures RBM is key to CCAFS’ program management and programmatic accountability towards outcomes and impacts, as it places emphasis on systematic, iterative learning and modification (UNDP 2011). RBM follows the logical causal chain that project activities produce tangible research outputs. The strategic use of these outputs can help transform them into appropriate outcomes (i.e. changes in practice and behavior of key next users, preceded by changes in knowledge, attitude, and skills). By tying the RBM approach to impact pathways as elucidated in theories of change (ToC) at CRP, FP, Region and project levels, CCAFS focuses on people, given that these are the ones who ultimately will change their behavior and thus contribute to developmental impact. This is reflected in CCAFS’s “three thirds” management principle: one-third of programmatic effort goes into engaging with partners to decide what needs to be done and how, one-third into doing cutting-edge research, and one-third into strengthening capacity of next users to use the results of the research to achieve outcomes (Fullana i Palmer et al. 2011). Working in a constantly changing environment requires a strategic approach with built-in reflection, monitoring and evaluation, as well as flexibility for corrective actions when needed (adaptive management). This means working with ToC and making assumptions on how we anticipate change to happen on the one hand, and accepting that change does not always happen as predicted on the other (Schuetz et al. in press). All of the ICRPs have agreed on the fundamental conditions of a single, integrated online ICT platform to be in place from 2017 onwards. The process of designing this platform began in February 2016. The advantages of cross-CRP collaboration on a single ICT platform include reduced transaction and management costs, standardization of nomenclature and frameworks, and with time the integration and aggregation of data across participant CRPs. This is expected to benefit both the CRPs involved, and CGIAR as a whole (with and through the CGIAR System Office) in terms of providing automated data and information for the annual Plan of Work and Budget, reporting and with time, on progress towards the SRF SLOs. The system will be interoperable, enabling data to be accessible and usable by other CRPs and the System Office. The online ICT platform (MARLO, Managing Agricultural Research for Learning and Outcomes) covers the CRP program and project management cycles, including planning, monitoring, reporting, and synthesis. The platform is structured around the ToC at programmatic, FP, Region and project levels enabling the inclusion and review of key results and assumptions on a periodic basis. The platform being developed is based on the existing CCAFS planning and reporting platform which is being modified to meet the requirements of each CRP while adhering to common principles. For performance management, a set of annual indicators will be tracked for each program participant. These will form the basis of two-way learning between management and participants, and will be used by the Program Management Committee to incentivize good performance. The Program Management Committee, under the direction of the ISC, will commission external evaluations on issues or research topics that the ISC believes need attention. These and other ex post impact assessments will also form a core element of learning. An additional learning tool will be the risk catalogue, which will identify risks and means of mitigating these. This will be updated at least annually and be on the agenda of all ISC meetings. Given the shift to greater cross-CRP collaboration, the functioning of the LPs will be closely monitored (and be the subject of external evaluation – see below). (b) CCAFS Monitoring, Evaluation, Learning and Impact Assessment (MELIA) strategy CCAFS’ approach to RBM is encapsulated in its Monitoring, Evaluation, Learning and Impact Assessment (MELIA) strategy. This is centred on adaptive management, outcome delivery, impact assessment, internal and external evaluations and performance management. CCAFS employs RBM to operationalize research for development (R4D) aimed at contributing to the SDGs and is therefore focused on impact pathways based on theories of change. The pathways are defined from research and its outputs and results towards outcomes and impacts. Outcomes are defined as changes in practices of the next‐users of research outputs, such as policy makers, development organizations, and farmers. The goal of the CCAFS MELIA is to provide an approach to, and guidance for, monitoring assumptions along the impact pathway (IP), and collection and documentation of evidence towards outcome contributions and impacts achieved. It encourages adaptive management through self-reflection and iterative learning, as well as experimentation and change so that monitoring, evaluation, learning and impact assessment become integral components of the CRP. The objective is to answer the following questions: what has changed, for whom, how significant are the changes, in what ways did the program contribute to these changes, are they likely to be sustainable, and at what cost. CCAFS puts emphasis on performance management, whereby the performance of participants is regularly assessed, and incentives are applied to improve performance. During the extension phase CCAFS initiated the transition to a RBM framework with a focus on outcome delivery and monitoring progress of outcome contribution, as described in CGIAR’s SRF. CCAFS’s RBM framework for Phase II builds on lessons learnt from a trialing of RBM in 2014-15 for one FP. CCAFS scientists, managers, and research and development partners have helped shape this new way of doing business and have been empowered as key stakeholders in the process. The RBM framework has been considerably simplified over time, to make for more efficient program management. The shift in focus towards the delivery of outcomes that are influenced by multiple factors often beyond the direct control of CCAFS means that performance evaluation has to go well beyond the delivery of research outputs. A performance management system was used throughout Phase I and has guided funding allocations. This experience will guide Phase II, and the current indicative CCAFS operational MELIA Plan will be updated. (c) Four pillars of the MELIA Strategy The CCAFS MELIA strategy has four key characteristics: A focus on users, utilization and accountability to ensure efficiency and effectiveness: The strategy needs to be user- and utilization-focused to ensure that it responds to users‘ needs in terms of the demand for specific information for specific purposes. CCAFS has a responsibility to account for the use of resources and management decisions made, as well as an obligation to demonstrate that work has been done in compliance with agreed-upon rules and standards, and to report fairly and accurately on performance results vis-a-vis mandated roles and plans. An emphasis on adding value and creating space for learning through strategic and systematic MELIA activities, which need to be linked to learning and integrated into each FP and Region. As for CCAFS’s Climate Change and Social Learning initiative (Carlile et al. 2013), the aim is for “transformational learning”, or triple-loop learning, so that CCAFS teams and partners can learn from their work and make necessary adjustments in an outcome-focused environment. A modular approach to ensure robustness and fitness for purpose, that combines the setting of meaningful performance expectations and targets for key results, measurement and analysis of the contribution being made to observed outcomes and impact, modifying project or program design when necessary, and reporting on performance compared with expectations. Impact Pathways (IPs) and Theories of Change (ToC) at different levels within CCAFS (CRP, Regional Programs, FPs and projects) lie at the heart of the MELIA strategy. The Impact Pathway and ToC for CCAFS as a whole and for the four FPs are described in Section 1.0.3 and the respective FP sections of the proposal. The trajectory of CCAFS’s contributions to change will be periodically revisited and subsequently adjusted throughout the implementation of the CRP work plan. Through systematically built-in reflexive spaces and mechanisms, research questions, hypotheses, assumptions and evidence of strengths of these, may be refined or changed, and solutions and innovations adjusted accordingly during annual planning and reporting. Where significant changes are called for, these will be discussed by the ISC. The same will be done at the Flagship level, with the provision of a baseline reference and measuring progress and results through revision and reflection on the initial ex-ante impact assessment laid out in the FP IPs and ToCs. The MELIA framework contains strategic guidance and practical information and tools, to allow both quantitative and qualitative approaches. A “MELIA Support Pack” provides access to, and information on, a suite of tools, approaches and references for MELIA. It is anticipated to be a dynamic and collaborative deliverable as it integrates and connects CCAFS with other ongoing efforts in this field. (d) Monitoring and Reporting The following steps and approaches will be used for monitoring and reporting on research activities and outcome delivery in CCAFS Phase II:  All project activities will continue to be mapped into the CGIAR SRF in relation to the appropriate sub-IDOs, IDOs and SLOs. At the same time, appropriate sets of indicators will be defined or identified (Annex Table 4). Use will be made of existing indicator sets, where this is possible (such as SDGs and CGIAR gender and CapDev indicators). If no suitable indicators exist, these will be developed as appropriate, possibly in collaboration with other CRPs and other groups working on similar issues, so that they can be monitored collectively. Standardization across projects, Regions and FPs (and even CRPs) will be undertaken as far as is practical to facilitate aggregation without sacrificing specificity. CCAFS actively contributes to a sub-working group on indicators and their possible standardization.  Targets will continue to be set, in part drawing on extensive multi-level baseline surveys conducted in all CCAFS target regions between 2011 and 2014 (see ccafs.cgiar.org/baselines Förch et al. 2014) and on literature, thematic and regional experience and consultation. CCAFS will build on existing partnerships and processes (such as UNFCCC) and new ones (such as active engagement with SDG working groups for identifying indicators and monitoring).  Progress towards these targets is evaluated through periodic monitoring and built-in impact assessments (see below) involving appropriate indicators, complemented by narratives that capture sufficient context and detail to allow independent evaluation.  Annual reporting takes place in a program management online platform (MARLO) (Förch et al. 2015), which guides users through a series of questions to monitor the evolution of the ToCs and sub-IDO contributions, document any changes made, and provide adequate justification for them. Reported progress and contribution to outcome targets are linked with key deliverables and outputs, so that reported progress and contributions can be backed up with appropriate evidence. Over the past few years, “Outcome Case Studies” and “Project Highlights” have proven to be excellent communication products for the CCAFS core team and will continue to be a key part of annual reporting (Schuetz et al. 2015).  Project performance monitoring presented through the annual reporting is then evaluated for quality via an iterative feedback and performance assessment process involving CCAFS staff (e.g. FPLs, RPLs, Gender and Social Inclusion Coordinator), and external subject-matter experts. Within MARLO, deliverables can be consolidated and synthesized for reporting back to donors and others.  Once annual reporting is complete, risk monitoring will be done as part of the annual reflection of CCAFS’s ToC, when key assumptions and risks will be reviewed and refined, possibly leading to adjustments in the CRP and Flagship IPs.  Within MARLO, financial planning will be carried out annually, and financial reporting will be harmonized with requirements at CGIAR system level. (e) Impact Assessment Impact assessment is a key method of evaluating the progress, quality and performance of a program and its components. Within CGIAR, impacts are defined as the consequences of the CRPs on the status and state of selected development variables concerning the SLOs, which are themselves related to the SDGs. Impacts are the overall and long-term effects that are attributable in part to a CRP. Interventions that contribute to complex, indirect causal chains, with multiple partnerships, and with data limitations that are inherent in contemporary development programing (and by extension, in CGIAR work), require a broad range of methods to evaluate effectively (Stern et al. 2012). CCAFS will thus adopt a mixed methods approach to impact assessment that considers ex-post impact assessment along with efforts to trace impacts in the more conventional sense, but also building on CCAFS’s experience with ex-ante impact assessment along the evolution of its ToC as a complementary, more innovative and participatory approach to assessing impacts. Currently there is a lack of tools for effectively assessing such impacts (Stern et al. 2012); development and testing of new designs and methods is a key research activity towards which CCAFS Flagships and other CRPs will contribute. Ex-post impact assessment (EPIA) in CCAFS will build on the theory-based approach discussed above. Evidence of positive outcomes consistent with anticipated (or revised) IPs will be linked to quantified changes (e.g. in livelihood status) compared with baseline assessments in CCAFS locations (building on surveys carried out in Phase 1, see https://ccafs.cgiar.org/resources/baseline-surveys) and where possible with CGIAR Centres in CRPs through Site Integration and with the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA). Because CCAFS interventions will have influence at many different scales, and because they will operate as contributory causes in complex environments, it is unlikely that it will be possible to compare treatment and control groups in any strict sense. Counterfactuals (what would have occurred in the absence of CCAFS) cannot be directly observed and can only be estimated. A mixed methods approach employing a variety of quantitative and qualitative methods will often be needed to understand why and how changes have taken place, and what role CCAFS has played in those changes. Impacts which are not readily expressed in a quantitative sense (Walker et al. 2008) will need to be assessed through participatory approaches, where beneficiaries help to define the important impacts. Assessments will be conducted for a representative set of CRP portfolio activities so that overall impact can be appropriately extrapolated. Coordination of design and methods is important so that all CCAFS projects and activities are aligned in the way they contribute to impact assessment. For example, where impacts could be additive across projects, they need to be defined and measured in consistent ways; one example is the way in which poverty reduction is calculated. Often, impacts are not additive and this presents challenges in design to be able to understand the relative importance of different outputs and outcomes in achieving impact. EPIA will be complemented by impact assessment as related to the evolution of the ToC. Projects in CCAFS attempt to describe and specify, as far as possible, anticipated impacts and outcomes in the narrative ToC in terms of quantity, location, and beneficiaries. These contributions are then mapped to the SLOs. It will not be possible for any one CRP to rigorously assess all these outcomes. Different degrees of monitoring will be required and a process of prioritization will need to take place. Furthermore, outcomes may be related to improved decision making by various stakeholders, or improved access or capacity. Factors related to the improved effectiveness or efficiency of organizations or systems are not straightforward to measure, and changes in such outcomes may require creativity and resources in their measurement. CCAFS has some experience in this new field and will collaborate with other interested CRPs in developing the area. Part of this will involve developing effective systems and approaches to use results from such work as part of impact assessment. CCAFS intends to improve its use of IA for hypotheses testing, and validation of TOC and research results by (a) creating a design for measurement against the 2011-2013 CCAFS baseline surveys in 2018 so that it explicitly tests the FP and LP hypotheses, supplementing where necessary with project baselines at higher governance and spatial levels, (b) changing the requirement for epIAs so that the impacts assessed are explicitly linked to the outcomes reported annually, and that the IA specifically tests the theory of change at project and FP levels, and (c) ensuring that all epIAs address hypotheses on gender, youth and social inclusion. (f) Evaluations Evaluations can play a crucial role in providing credible and useful information for accountability and learning purposes. These include the following: Internal Evaluations: CCAFS will conduct regular internal evaluations of its FPs, selected components, and regional sets of activities. Evaluations will draw on established IPs and regular monitoring information, with additional data collection and analyses of overall processes (process evaluation), outcomes (outcome evaluation), and the longer-term impacts. A typical internal evaluation will develop a record of work, including partnerships, stakeholder engagement, explicit and implicit IPs, main outputs, and project- and system-level outcomes. A range of methods is available for such evaluations and are included in the MELIA support pack: Outcome Mapping, Participatory Impact Pathway Analysis, theory-based approaches, Most Significant Change, Social Network Analysis, Discourse Analysis tools, Bibliometric analysis, Before/after-with/without quantitative analyses of impacts, Contribution Analysis, Triple loop learning approaches, Institutional and Innovation Histories, for example. The main challenge is to trace the links between the collective set of activities, partnerships, outputs and project level outcomes to larger impacts and to understand whether, why and how the program has contributed to change. It is neither practical nor desirable to attempt to attribute major outcomes exclusively or even directly to CCAFS interventions. CCAFS will work closely with other CRPs, partnering in particular through the Site Integration work and its monitoring. The process of change is understood as a complex, iterative and multi-agent process. The evaluation task is to assess whether and how parts of CCAFS work have contributed by tracing back to the research and other interventions to show evidence (indicators) that the theoretical IP(s) was realized. CCAFS has put in place a system that encourages qualitative descriptions of the outcome target contribution, feedback loops, and identification of the weaknesses and/or missed opportunities that can be addressed in future work. Once outcomes are documented, their impacts can be estimated in terms of impacts such as reduced GHG emissions and livelihoods improvements. Such internal evaluations will be done by interdisciplinary teams of CCAFS scientists and staff, supplemented by external consultants as appropriate. Independent External Evaluations: CGIAR has established an Independent Evaluation Arrangement (IEA), with the policy for Independent External Evaluation and a set of standards intended to guide CRPs. This includes a cycle of CRP- Commissioned External Evaluations (CCEEs), as a systematic and objective assessment of the program and as building blocks to the external evaluations conducted by the IEA. IEA evaluations will have a strong focus on accountability and value for money, explicitly considering the comparative advantage of CGIAR and CGIAR reforms in efficiently contributing to the SLOs. They will examine the clarity, relevance and priority of the objectives of CRP work; original and continued validity of the intended IPs; adequacy and integration of ethical and equity considerations; efficiency and effectiveness of institutional, governance, oversight and managerial arrangements; quality and efficiency of the research; mutual accountability and responsibility in line with forecasts and budget; progress and potential for achieving outcomes and ultimate development impacts; potential for sustainability and multiplier effects of investments. CCAFS assessments will constitute a primary source of evidence for IEA evaluation, including outcome and impact assessments, annual monitoring reports, and internal evaluations. CCAFS will seek to leverage resources with other CRPs’ performance within a mutual geographic focus in line with the Site Integration plans and/or cross-cutting thematic areas (see Annex 3.6). A process has been initiated in close collaboration with IEA and MEL COP to identify synergies in carrying out baselines and evaluations across the portfolio of CRPs. (g) Performance Management Above the level of the research project, partner, Region and Flagship performance will be monitored through the collection of data related to key performance areas. These will include (a) scientific quality of research outputs; (b) degree to which gender and social inclusion issues are mainstreamed in research activities; (c) degree to which partnerships and capacity development are embraced; (d) appropriateness and depth of engagement across CRPs; (e) appropriateness and quality of communication activities; and (f) ability to garner resources that can help deliver outcomes. The Program Management Committee will use results to help redirect budget allocations to achieve objectives with the greatest efficiency. The results of performance management will be discussed with the ISC to ensure as much objectivity as possible. Results will be used for two-way learning between management and research participants. (h) Budget allocation to MELIA CCAFS recognizes that generating evidence to support key assumptions supporting a ToC are an important part of the core research agenda, and that much of the work required to strengthen and validate the ToC during early stages of research needs to be done by researchers themselves. The implementation of CCAFS’s MELIA strategy relies on a broad spectrum of team members and partners. Responsibility will be split between the Coordinating Unit, Regions, FPs, projects, and Centres. Implementation will require staff with appropriate experience and skills, involving possibly up to 15% of their time. CCAFS will build as much as possible on CGIAR Centres’ and partners’ existing indicator monitoring systems that are already in place, and will develop partnerships for this purpose. Where this is unavoidable, CCAFS will undertake measurement itself. Implementation of the MELIA strategy will be guided and backstopped by a highly experienced consultant with up to 120 days of input per year, to be used when needed. A rolling five-year plan of CCEEs is being developed for CCAFS starting in 2017. With the assistance of the IEA, joint CCEEs will be sought to leverage the resources of multiple CRPs and to assess performance within a geographic focus and/or thematic area. A preliminary, indicative list of CCEEs is shown in Annex Table 5. Development of the integrated online MARLOplatform across the ICRPs is expected to amount to some USD 250,000 in 2017, and its maintenance some USD 100,000 per year thereafter, 75% of these amounts being contributed by the other ICRPs that committed to the joint system. Funds for impact assessment will be set aside from 2018 and beyond, at USD 250-300,000 per annum. Annex Table 4. List of proposed IDO indicators and approach to monitoring The table shows a list of the IDOs that CCAFS contributes to. The indicators proposed are based primarily on global monitoring systems such as the SDGs, and will be further refined through time. The MEL COP will design a coordinated and cohesive approach across CRPs to develop joint indicators and plan an approach to show contribution to the IDOs in relevant countries. IDO Proposed IDO indicators Proposed monitoring approach # of people with increased awareness and knowledge of Where possible, we rely on sustainable practices existing indicators and monitoring frameworks, such as # of people who claim to have increased capacity to cope with the SDGs and FAOStat. The risks monitoring approach to be developed across CRPs will # of people with improved hazard information establish how best to show contribution. # of people familiar with national, subnational or landscape-level visions, strategies or plans that address sustainability Existing monitoring frameworks # of people in area covered by a sustainable management plan we are drawing from (color- coded) include: # of people interacting with information sharing mechanisms SDG Indicator report by SDNS # of people participating in rural development organizations, Thematic Group (SDSN 2015) including informal groups IDO Increase 2. Monitoring instrument for resilience of # of people participating in local planning exercises resilience report by Hills et al. the poor to (2015) # of people with positive perceptions of government climate accountability and transparency change and 3. FAO State of Food and other shocks Agriculture (FAO, 2015)/ FAO # of people able to participate in the workforce STAT database # of people accessing financial services 4. UNDP Human Development # of people accessing market services Report and statistics (UNDP 2015) # of people with increased farm asset base 5. Global Environment # of people with new on-farm/off-farm income streams Monitoring Unit (Nelson 2008) # of people with increased number of farm enterprises (non- 6. CapDev COP Indicators financial) (CapDev CoP 2015). # of people with increased efficiency of water use/product unit Available monitoring # of people with increased efficiency of land/product unit frameworks will be analyzed to determine frequency and level # of people with increased efficiency of nutrient/product unit of data collection. # of people with increased efficiency of labour/product unit # of people with access to higher value water regulation services # of people with access to higher value climate regulation services # of people with access to higher value pollination services # of people with access to higher value pest and predator control services # of people with access to higher value soil formation services # of people with access to higher value nutrient cycling services % of eligible population covered by national social protection programs (SDG Goal 1) # Homeless people due to natural disaster (average annual per mio. people) (UNDP) Estimated travel time to nearest city Agriculture value added (% per GDP) (FAO) IDO Access to all-weather road (% access within [x] km distance to Enhanced road) (SDG Goal 9) smallholder market Mobile broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, by access urban/rural (SDG Goal 9) Public and private R4D expenditure on agriculture and rural development (% of GNI) (SDG) Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (UNDP) Proportion of population below USD 1.25 (PPP) per day (SDG Goal 1) IDO % of households with incomes below 50% of median income ("relative poverty") (SDG Goal 10) Increased incomes and Household income, including in-kind services (PPP, current USD) employment (SDG) Employment to population ratio (EPR) by gender and age group (15–64) (SDG) Youth employment rate, by formal and informal sector (SDG Goal) [ILO] Youth not in school or employment (% ages 15-24) (UNDP) Vulnerable employment (UNDP) Private net flows for sustainable development at market rates as share of high-income country GNI, by sector (SDG, Goal 17) Gini Coefficient (SDG) Share of the population using reliable electricity, by urban/rural (SDG, Goal 7) Share of population covered by social assistance (disaggregated by rural by income quintile) (FAO) Average dietary supply adequacy (%) (FAO STAT) Depth of food deficit (kCal/person/day) (UNDP) Child malnutrition stunting (UNDP) IDO % of population with shortfalls of: iron, zinc, iodine, vitamin A, Improved folate, vitamin B12, [and vitamin D] (SDG, Goal 2) diets for poor and Prevalence of persons (aged 18+ years) consuming less than five vulnerable total servings (400 grams) of fruit and vegetables per day (SDG) people Cereal yield growth rate (% p.a.) (SDG) Crop yield gap (actual yield as % of potential or water limited potential yield) (SDG, Goal 2) Livestock yield gap (actual yield as % of attainable yield) (SDG) Disaster Risk Reduction Indicator (SDG, Goal 1) IDO Natural Ratio of land consumption rate to population growth rate, at capital comparable scale (SDG, Goal 11) enhanced and % population living on degraded land (UNDP) protected, especially Annual change in degraded or desertified arable land (% or ha) from climate (SDG, Goal 15) change Annual change in forest area and land under cultivation (modified MDG Indicator) (SDG, Goal 15) Net GHG emissions in the Agriculture, Forest and other Land Use (AFOLU) sector (tCO2e) (SDG, Goal 13, #79) Fertilizer use intensity (kg/ha) (FAO) Climate Change Action Index (SDG, Goal 13) Losses from natural disasters, by climate and non-climate-related events (in USD and lives lost) [SDG, Goal 1] Official climate financing from developed countries that is incremental to ODA (in USD) (SDG, Goal 13) Farmers with nationally appropriate crop insurance (%) (SDG, IDO Goal 2) Adaptation and mitigati Domestic revenues allocated to sustainable development as on achieved percent of GNI, by sector Financing for development, domestic resource mobilization (SDG, Goal 17) % of official development assistance (ODA), net private grants, and official climate finance channeled through priority pooled multilateral financing mechanisms (SDG Goal 17) Perceptions of government: action to preserve the environment (% satisfied) (UNDP) % of women, men, indigenous peoples, and local communities with secure rights to land, property, and natural resources, measured by (i) percentage with documented or recognized evidence of tenure, and (ii) percentage who perceive their rights are recognized and protected. (SDG Goal 1) Gender gap in wages, by sector of economic activity (SDG Goal 5) IDO Equity & Employment to population ratio (EPR) by gender and age group inclusion (15–64) (SDG Goal 8) achieved Gender Inequality Index (UNDP) Funding made available for design/review of gender sensitive approaches in partner projects /programs/policies (disaggregated by type of organization). (#5 Gender sensitivity) # of new policies that support gender transformative measures (disaggregated by country) (#6 Institutional Strengthening) IDO National # of agricultural extension workers per 1000 farmers [or share of partners and farmers covered by agricultural extension programs and services] beneficiaries (SDG Goal 2) enabled Personnel in R4D (per million inhabitants) (SDG Goal 9) % of people and businesses that paid a bribe to a public official, or were asked for a bribe by a public official, during the last 12 months (SDG) Perceptions of government - trust in national government (% yes) (UNDP) # of partner organizations who use materials and approaches (CapDev Learning materials and approaches) # of new regulations, practices implemented following training (CapDev Organizational development) # of policy decisions taken (in part) based on engagement and information dissemination by CRPs. (CapDev Institutional strengthening) Annex Table 5. Tentative list of CCEEs and other reviews & evaluations, 2017-2022 Below is a highly tentative list of evaluations and reviews for CCAFS over the period 2017-2022. *contact person: Philip Thornton, p.thornton@cgiar.org Review or Dates Evaluation Main Evaluation Topic/ Issue Geographic Budget Participating Evaluation Focus Focus Centres/ Partners Review 2017 Strategic Synthesis of lessons learnt from LAM, WA, USD CIAT, ICRISAT, approach CSVs as testing and LPs EA, SEA, SA 60,000 ILRI, ICRAF, CIMMYT, IRRI Evaluation 2018 FP FP4, Climate Services and Safety WA, EA, SA, USD ICRISAT, ICRAF, Nets LAM 120,000 CIMMYT, IWMI, CIAT Review 2018 FP FP4: Review of FP portfolio, LAM, WA, USD ICRISAT, ICRAF, geographic balance, emerging EA, SEA, SA 30,000 CIMMYT, IWMI, opporutnities to scale CIAT Review 2018 Strategic Review of CCAFS data and tools: Global USD CIAT, ILRI approach uptake and impact 60,000 Review 2019 Strategic Integrative work of ICRPs: Global USD A4NH, WLE, PIM approach integrating tools and mechanisms 10,000 Review 2019 Strategic Review of the regional strategy All regions USD Coordinating approach and target countries – should the 60,000 unit focus change? Evaluation 2019 Strategic Functioning and effectiveness of All regions USD CIAT, ILRI, IRI, approach LPs 100,000 Vermont, WISAT Evaluation 2020 FP FP2: evaluation of CSA WA, EA USD CIAT, ICRISAT, effectiveness for improving the 120,000 ILRI, ICRAF, IITA food security of the climate vulnerable Review 2020 Strategic Review of CCAFS’s partnerships LAM, WA, USD All Centres approach within and outside the CGIAR, and EA, SEA, SA 40,000 associated capacity development: can they be made more effective for outcome delivery? Review 2021 Cross- Review of the G&SI research LAM, WA, USD All Centres cutting portfolio and the regional gender EA, SEA, SA 50,000 research impact pathways Evaluation 2021 FP Evaluation of FP1 and the LAM, WA, USD ILRI effectiveness of CSA policy & EA, SEA, SA 120,000 investment on enhancing food security and adaptive capacity of vulnerable men and women Review 2022 Strategic End of program evaluation of global USD A4NH, WLE, PIM approach integrative work of ICRPs: 40,000 integrating tools and mechanisms Evaluation 2022 FP Evaluation of FP3 and the LAM, EA, USD ILRI, IRRI, effectiveness of integrating LED SEA, SA 120,000 CIMMYT, CIAT into agricultural development to reduce GHG emissions 3.6 Linkages with other CRPs and site integration Sub-sections a-d elaborate on four of the five mechanisms to ensure cross-CRP linkage – (a) Impact pathways; (b) LPs; (c) Climate Change Contact Points; (d) Project Activity Planning. The fifth mechanism – internal learning – is elaborated in Annex 3.6. Site integration is dealt with in two sub-sections, as an element of LPs (see 3.6b) and under Plans for Site Integration (see 3.6e). a) Impact Pathways Impact pathways, and associated theories of change, have been established at multiple levels, in projects, for particular CSVs, in target countries and for regional programs. They can help diverse stakeholders agree on objectives, tactics and roles. An example of one of these is shown in Annex Figure 1 – for the region WA. In some cases these have been supplemented by scenarios exercises, to help frame future scenarios and develop common visions. Within WA, for example, there are also national impact pathways. For instance, in Burkina Faso, a number of CRPs have been trialing working together based on common scenarios and impact pathways. b) Learning Platforms: Roles and Links with Site Integration LPs will be a fundamental mechanism to build collaboration across all CRPs. Annex Table 6 summarizes the roles of each LP, while Template 1 shows the cross-CRP linkages. Each FPL will have the responsibility to ensure the success of one LP (LP1 to LP4), with the GSI Research Leader responsible for LP5 and the Global Research Leader on Scaling CSA for LP6. Regional Program Leaders will have a major role in LP2 on facilitating Climate-Smart Villages (CSVs), and in LP6 on fostering links to national and to regional impact pathways. CCAFS target countries are where CCAFS has the resources to support CSVs and national policy processes related to climate. Many CGIAR Site Integration countries are also target countries for CCAFS (see * in Annex Table 6), but there are additional countries – not earmarked for Site Integration – where there is coordinated work involving several Centres and CRPs (Annex Table 7). While CCAFS does not work in all Site Integration countries it will provide some services to other CRPs in those countries through LPs, as shown in Annex Table 6. Climate change has become a key topic in agricultural development, as illustrated by CCAFS analysis of country commitments (INDCs) to the UNFCCC (Richards et al. 2015). Through CRPs (and Centres) working together, the CGIAR can position itself as a major “go to place” for developing country agriculture and climate change. This is one of the overall goals of LP6. But other LPs can also play a role. For example, because CCAFS works with all Centres, its climate change gender network will link to Centre gender expertise, and through these to all CRPs. CCAFS can play a powerful role in fostering gender research and bringing this to the attention of the global community, as demonstrated by CCAFS in the Paris April 2015 meeting on gender and climate change, in the lead up to COP21 (Huyer et al. 2015). To position itself as a key global player in climate change, the CGIAR must also develop cross-CRP climate-orientated platforms at farm and national level. LP2 (CSVs) focuses on farm and local levels. LP 6 hosts national climate change science-policy platforms in 12 of the countries. Cross-CRP work is most advanced in Burkina Faso, Vietnam, Nicaragua and India (e.g. in Burkina a common impact pathway and scenario process has been implemented with FTA and WLE). Annex Table 6. CCAFS LPs: roles and participation in Site Integration countries LP CCAFS target regions Not targets Regions WA EA SA Site Integration countries * = CCAFS target countries Roles LP1. Ex-ante  Priority setting for CSA – evaluation and downscaled climate data, decision support for regional climate outlook, X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X climate-smart prioritization frameworks options  Support breeding programs with relevant climate outlook LP2. Participatory  Tools for integrated X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X evaluation of CSA assessment of CSA option technologies and  Support implementation and practices in CSVs X X X X X X X X X X X X approaches for CSVs LP3 Identifying  Guidelines for GHG estimates priorities and  Global analyses and tools to options for low- identify priority mitigation X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X emissions options relevant to particular development countries, and their scalability  Regional and national analyses X X X X X X X of selected mitigation options SAfr Zambia Mozambique Malawi CAFr DRC Cameroon SEA Vietnam* Nepal* India* Bangladesh* Uganda* Tanzania* Kenya* Ethiopia* Rwanda* Nigeria Niger* Mali* Ghana* Burkina Faso* LAM Nicaragua* LP CCAFS target regions Not targets Regions WA EA SA Site Integration countries * = CCAFS target countries Roles LP4. Weather-  Global analyses that identify related agricultural the constraints and insurance products opportunities provided by X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X and programs weather-related agricultural insurance  Through joint investments, support pilots on weather- X X X X X X X X based insurance LP5. CSA, gender  Gender analysis and and social inclusion methodologies to integrate gender concerns into CSA research and impact X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X assessment  Conduit for engagement in global climate change processes that involve gender  Support gender activities in CSVs; and in programs involving climate information X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X services and weather-based insurance LP6. Partnerships  Position CGIAR as leading and capacity for global research organization scaling CSA for developing country food systems and climate change  Manage global and X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X continental-wide partnerships (e.g. NEPAD-led Alliance for CSA in Africa) and impact pathways for climate change policy SAfr Zambia Mozambique Malawi CAFr DRC Cameroon SEA Vietnam* Nepal* India* Bangladesh* Uganda* Tanzania* Kenya* Ethiopia* Rwanda* Nigeria Niger* Mali* Ghana* Burkina Faso* LAM Nicaragua* LP CCAFS target regions Not targets Regions WA EA SA Site Integration countries * = CCAFS target countries Roles  Provide common impact pathways for all CGIAR climate change research to engage strategically at the national X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X and regional level with governments and key development partners SAfr Zambia Mozambique Malawi CAFr DRC Cameroon SEA Vietnam* Nepal* India* Bangladesh* Uganda* Tanzania* Kenya* Ethiopia* Rwanda* Nigeria Niger* Mali* Ghana* Burkina Faso* LAM Nicaragua* Annex Table 7. CCAFS target countries other than Site Integration Countries (where work with other CRPs also takes place) CCAFS Target Regions LAM WA SEA LP #2 Support implementation and approaches for X X X X X X X CSVs (multiple CRPs) #3 Regional and national analyses of selected X X X X X X X mitigation options #5 Support gender activities in CSVs; and in programs involving climate information services X X X X X X and weather-based insurance #6 Provide common impact pathways for all CGIAR climate change research to engage strategically at X X X X X X X X X the national and regional level with governments and key development partners c) Climate Change Contact Points One of the terms of reference for Contact Points in each Centre is “Facilitating two-way flow of information between CCAFS and other CRPs in the Centre, including identifying opportunities to build synergies”. Through this system, CCAFS has connections to all CRPs, sometimes through multiple Contact Points based in different Centres (Annex Table 8). Annex Table 8. CCAFS Climate Change Contact Points and their specific roles with other CRPs AFS-CRPs ICRPs Climate Change Centre Roles involving cross-CRP links Contact Point AfricaRice S Zwart, Senior In close contact with AfricaRice team X Researcher involved in RICE Bioversity J van Etten, Works with other CRPs, especially in Component crowdsourcing projects leader, X X X X Information Services and Seed Supplies CIAT P Laderach, Senior CIAT is involved in most CRPs, and Contact Climate Change Point works closely with other CIAT CRP X X X X X X X X Specialist focal points and also directly with some project leaders CIFOR C Martius, Leads Climate Change work at CIFOR and X Myanmar WLE PIM Indonesia A4NH Philippine WHEAT s RTB Cambodi a Rice Laos MAIZE LIVESTOCK Senegal FTA FISH Mexico DCL Honduras Guatemal a El Salvador Costa Rica Colombia Brazil AFS-CRPs ICRPs Climate Change Centre Roles involving cross-CRP links Contact Point Principal Scientist much involved in FTA CIMMYT C Stirling, Senior Connects to work in MAIZE and WHEAT X X Scientist CIP To be recruited Will connect directly with RTB X ICARDA V Nangia, Leads Cluster of Activity 4.3: “Integrated Agricultural soil-water-nutrient management” in DCL X Hydrologist ICRAF H Neufeldt, Head ICRAF Research Leaders meet regularly and Climate Change discuss engagement across CRPs X X X Unit (mechanism to link CRPs) ICRISAT AM Whitbread, Co-leads WLE FP2 – Land and Water Research Program Solutions for Sustainable Intensification X X Director (LWS); Connected to numerous DCL researchers IFPRI A De Pinto, Senior Connects with PIM for work related to Research Fellow increasing climate change resilience, agricultural risk management, and adoption X X of new technologies; Connects with A4NH and IMPACT team for a proper inclusion of nutrition in the model IITA L Jassogne, Connects with FTA on tree-based systems Systems (coffee and cocoa) in WA and EA; and with Agronomist FTA sustainable intensification efforts in Central Africa; Connects with RTB systems work on RTB crops in coffee and cocoa X X X systems; Connects with integrated soil fertility management work in MAIZE. ILRI P Erickson, Leads the Environment FP of the LIVESTOCK Program Leader, so highly connected to that CRP; through Livestock Systems food systems work also connected to and Environment Healthy Food Systems FP of A4NH X X IRRI R Wassmann, Coordinates climate change work at IRRI and Climate Change thus facilitates the CCAFS-RICE relationship X Coordinator WLE PIM A4NH WHEAT RTB Rice MAIZE LIVESTOCK FTA FISH DCL AFS-CRPs ICRPs Climate Change Centre Roles involving cross-CRP links Contact Point IWMI V Smakhtin, On management committee of WLE and Theme Leader ensures strong links with CCAFS and has developed several joint projects; Connects X X to IWMI’s involvement in FISH. WorldFish B Ratner, Research Plays coordinating role between FISH and Director ICRPs X X X X d) Project activity planning The connections between CCAFS projects and other CRPs have already been identified for the projects being implemented in 2017. Examples of such interactions for each FP are shown in Template 2a, together with proposed interactions should additional funding become available. e) Plans for Site Integration CCAFS core team has made contact with all the Lead Centres for Site Integration countries which CCAFS targets, in order to tailor the CCAFS LPs to needs (Template 2b). CCAFS has also made a proposal to GCARD for hosting a climate change session that draws on Site Integration planning in multiple countries, as well as other climate change specific processes in those countries. WLE PIM A4NH WHEAT RTB Rice MAIZE LIVESTOCK FTA FISH DCL Template 1: Overview of Inter-CRP Collaboration: “Provide and Receive” CRP: Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security FP1 Priorities and FP2 Climate-Smart FP3 Low Emissions FP4 Climate Services Policies for CSA Technologies and Development and Safety Nets Practices AFS-CRPs CRP Provides: CRP provides: Metrics, CRP Provides: CRP Provides: Historic & ICRPs Priority setting for methods and Guidance on: and seasonal climate CSA: downscaled participatory sustainable information and climate projections, platforms (e.g. CSVs) intensification that related tools tailored regional climate to evaluate emerging reduces emissions; to agriculture. outlook, prioritisation technologies and GHG estimates and Guidance on frameworks. practices; evidence LED priorities. appropriate use of Receives: Articulated and business cases for Receives: Data on climate information demands for specific promoting scaling out. crop, livestock, fish for agricultural types of climate Receives: Technologies production, extent of decision-making. projections and and practices in early practices; knowledge Receives: Joint priority setting. development for of development trends investment in evaluating benefits (e.g. from sustainable particular climate through a CSA lens intensification FPs). information products (e.g. from sustainable or guidance activities. intensification FPs). CRP Provides: Position CGIAR as leading global research organization for developing country food systems and climate change; Manage global, continent-wide (e.g. NEPAD-led Alliance for CSA in Africa), regional and national partnerships for climate change policy impact and CSA scaling up. Learning Platform for CSA and gender. A jointly developed ICT platform for MELIA (ICRPs). Receives: CRP-specific case studies, successes and lessons that can be fed into national to global policy processes. CRP-specific case studies that demonstrate the CSA-gender linkages. AFS-CRPs CRP Provides: Support CRP Provides: Support CRP Provides: CRP Provides: to breeding programs implementation and Guidelines for GHG Global analyses of with relevant climate approaches for CSVs, estimates; analyses opportunities for information. including support to and tools to identify climate services and Receives: Breeding and gender activities; priority mitigation associated safety nets; crop & livestock methodological options; global targets Insurance Learning suitability data for contributions on and MEL for nitrogen Platform. priority setting; crowdsourcing. efficiency; global Receives: articulated demand Receives: Drought, activity on food loss Contributions to for specific climate- heat and salinity and waste in relation synthesis of related analyses (e.g. adapted germplasm to climate change. knowledge and from breeding FPs). for testing in CSVs; Receives: data on food evidence; joint technologies and loss and waste (e.g. investments in practices that enhance from value chain FPs); weather-based adaptation and/or extent of practices; insurance pilots and reduce GHGs (e.g. knowledge of CRP- scaling from breeding FPs). related development trends; Information on breeds and varieties with lower emissions CRP: Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security FP1 Priorities and FP2 Climate-Smart FP3 Low Emissions FP4 Climate Services Policies for CSA Technologies and Development and Safety Nets Practices ICRP CRP Provides: Policy A4NH case studies, food and nutrition futures, environmental impacts of sustainable diets, climate data for joint scenarios activities. Receives: Policy case studies for syntheses (e.g. from A4NH FP SPEAR). ICRP PIM CRP Provides: Policy CRP Provides: Climate CRP Provides: CRP Provides: Joint case studies linked to impact predictions and Improved land use and design and support for CSA; climate data for CSA application mitigation scenarios Weather-related joint global modelling domains, including models. Insurance Learning activities. information on CSA Receives: Food Platform; experience, Receives: Policy case costs/benefits for security policy tools methods, for studies for synthesis; inclusion in models; scenarios weather-related future global socio- co-invest in insurance. economic scenarios; collaborative studies Receives: Joint design analysis of (e.g., gender and and leadership of endogenous trade adoption of CSA). Weather-related policies as a reaction Receives: methods for Insurance Learning to increased weather analysing value chain Platform; experience, volatility. problems and testing methods, evidence for innovations; weather-related diagnostic results on insurance. gender roles in agriculture and empowerment opportunities; methods and tools for analysing adoption. ICRP WLE CRP Provides: Support CRP Provides: Tools CRP Provides: Tools, implementation and and scenarios for methods for flood- approaches for CSVs. identifying soil carbon based index- Receives: Water and mitigation options; insurance. soil technologies and framework for Receives: Experience practices that enhance metrics, monitoring and evidence on the adaptation and/or and GHG accounting. application of flood- reduce GHGs for Receives: Guidance on based index insurance, testing in CSVs (WLE increasing soil carbon synergies with other FPs: RDL, LWS & VCR). with permanence; flood risk improved management understanding of interventions (WLE FP: biogeochemistry (WLE VCR). FP: RDL). CRP: Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security FP1 Priorities and FP2 Climate-Smart FP3 Low Emissions FP4 Climate Services Policies for CSA Technologies and Development and Safety Nets Practices Genebank CRP Provides: Platform Information on climate related stressors that are priorities for genetic resource evaluation; connections to climate change policy of relevance to Genebank Platform. Receives: Articulated demands for specific types of climate information and priority setting. Genetic CRP Provides: Gains Information on Platform climate related stressors that are priorities for breeding programs. Receives: Data and predictions on genetic gain potential for priority abiotic traits in major crops. Big Data CRP Provides: Spatial CRP Provides: Big data CRP Provides: Spatial CRP Provides: platform datasets on climate approaches for data on emissions. Opportunities and and climate impacts. delivering climate- Receives: Spatial data ideas for big data Receives: Data, smart extension on AEZ's, agricultural analyses related to guidance on OA/OD systems. activities. provision of climate standards, in Receives: Data, services. particular for national guidance on OA/OD Receives: Data, to global modelling standards for CSA guidance on OA/OD efforts. related information. standards for climate services related information. Template 2a: Partnerships with other CRPs (activities, mode, geographies and outcomes sought). Submitting CRP: Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security Partner ACTIVITY [COUNTRY(IES) IN CCAFS ROLE COLLABORATING COLLABORATI OUTPUT; ADDED VALUE; CRP WHICH THIS TAKES PLACE] CRP ROLE ON MODE TARGET COUNTRIES DCL - Incorporation of climate-smart - Incorporating DCL products into Development of -Complementary - Location-specific varieties with varieties of millet, sorghum, cowpea, a broader climate-smart improved varieties and (ongoing in package of practices that are groundnuts and associated climate- perspective (e.g. downscaling associated climate- Burkina Faso, recognised as CSA and are smart technologies and practices, and climate outlook, climate smart practices. Ghana, Niger, incorporated into global, regional into CSVs in Burkina Faso, Ghana, information services, insurance, Mali). and national policies and Mali, Niger and India. local adaptation planning, low - Through Site investment packages, with a focus - Scaling up of climate-smart emissions development, Integration in on WA (in particular Burkina Faso, technologies and practices through synergies and trade-offs). Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger) and SA (India). CSV approach in rain-fed systems of - Downscaling and climate Mali, India. - Prioritized portfolios of CSA West Africa (WA) and South Asia (SA). outlook for input into DCL - Jointly planning, interventions in dryland breeding program. implementing, agriculture systems, and business - National to global engagement and scaling-up and institutional models for to inform climate-related CSV portfolios in scaling-out CSA. policies and investment WA and SA. strategies. - Generation of evidence and development of portfolios of CSA interventions to integrate into scaling up plans (WA, SA). - Business cases developed and validated FISH - Incorporation of climate-smart - Incorporating FISH products Development of -Complementary - Location-specific varieties with varieties of fish, and associated into a broader climate-smart improved varieties and (ongoing in package of practices that are climate-smart technologies and perspective (see above). associated climate- Bangladesh and recognised as CSA and are practices (FISH F3), into CSVs in - Downscaling and climate smart practices in Cambodia). incorporated in global, regional Bangladesh, Cambodia. outlook for input into FISH aquaculture (FISH F3) - Through Site and national policies and - Scaling up of climate-smart, breeding program. and small-scale fisheries Integration in investment packages, with a focus varieties, technologies and practices - National to global engagement (FISH F2). Bangladesh. on SA and SEA (in particular in South Asia (SA) and South East Asia on CSV approach in aquatic - Joint planning, Bangladesh and Cambodia) (SEA) systems. implementing, - Prioritised portfolios of climate- - Generation of evidence and and scaling-up smart interventions in integrated development of portfolios of CSA CSV portfolios in fish farming system in Bangladesh interventions to integrate into aquatic systems and Cambodia and institutional the scaling up plans in SA and (ongoing in approach of scaling out the SEA. Bangladesh, climate-smart interventions Cambodia) Advancing climate-smart agriculture - Evaluation of climate-smart Provision of fisheries Joint (ongoing) Regional analysis of crop- in the Pacific, with a major but not crop and livestock interventions and systems expertise and with ILRI livestock-fish practices that exclusive focus on fisheries (FISH F2) at household level that and specific targeted (planned) improve food and nutrition complement fishery-related interventions (FISH F2) security and their costs and activities benefits. - Utilising downscaled regional scenarios for national planning in target countries FTA - Advancing CSA with a tree, agro- - Incorporating FTA products and Outputs provided by the -Complementary - Location-specific approaches forestry or forestry lens in Latin approaches into a broader FTA Flagship on “Forests (ongoing) and practices that are recognised America (LAM: Brazil, Colombia, climate-smart perspective (see and climate change: Common impact as CSA and are incorporated into Costa Rica, Nicaragua); West Africa above), including work on mitigation and pathway & global, regional and national (WA: Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, agriculturally-responsible adaptation scenario process policies and investment packages, Niger); East Africa (EA: Kenya, investment and REDD+. opportunities”; implemented with a focus on LAM (in particular Tanzania), South East Asia (SEA: - National to global engagement Development of with FTA and WLE Nicaragua), WA (Burkina Faso, Indonesia, Vietnam). in CSA and climate policy climate-smart agro- in Burkina Faso Ghana, Mali, Niger), EA (Kenya, - Contribute to a co-investment processes (see above) forestry or forestry - Through Site Tanzania) and SEA (Vietnam). platform shared by FTA (FTA CoA 2.3) - Generation of evidence and options (e.g. for Integration in - Prioritized portfolios of CSA and RTB on tree-crop commodities development of portfolios of CSA resilient agro-silvo- Nicaragua, interventions in agroforestry or that integrates climate mitigation and interventions to integrate into pastoral systems in Burkina Faso, tree-based systems, and business adaptation with sustainable the scaling up plans in LAM, WA, West Africa through Ghana, Mali, and institutional models for intensification of EA and SEA. ICRAF; CSA practices in Kenya, Vietnam scaling-out CSA. cocoa, coffee, rubber and oil palm. mixed tree/food crop - Joint projects systems in WA & LAM (e.g. in Ghana) through IITA and ICRAF) Responsible private and public - Identifying private sector and - Focus on supply chains Joint (in Brazil); to - Impact assessment of investment to tackle agriculturally- market governance options in related to high-value be explored if regulations and sustainability driven deforestation in Brazil, supply chains related to the trees and forest new resources initiatives on avoided Indonesia, and pending funding, agricultural sector, such as cattle products (through FTA can be obtained deforestation, GHG emissions, Congo Basin. Flagship on Sustainable in Indonesia and and associated social effects global value chains and Central Africa - Options on instruments and investments) guidelines for improving sustainable commodity supply from public, private and hybrid governance arrangements - Work on sustainable commodity chain governance will be co- located in select sites in Indonesia, the Brazilian Amazon and the Congo Basin. LIVESTOCK - Incorporation of climate-smart - Incorporating LIVESTOCK - Development of -Complementary - Location-specific breeds with breeds of livestock, and associated technologies and management improved management (ongoing in package of practices that are climate-smart technologies and practices into a broader climate- practices and species/ Kenya, Ethiopia, recognised as CSA and are practices, into CSVs in Burkina Faso, smart perspective (see above) breeds; Integrating CSA Vietnam, Mali, incorporated into global, regional Mali, Ethiopia, Kenya, Indonesia and - Downscaling and climate recommendations in Burkina). and national policies and Vietnam outlook for input into LIVESTOCK technology guidance for - Through Site investment packages, with a focus - Scaling up of climate-smart breeding programs upscaling Integration in on WA (Burkina Faso, Mali), EA germplasm, technologies and - Effects of improved feed and - Contribution to the Kenya, India, (Kenya, Ethiopia) and SEA practices through CSV approach in emissions in ruminants. Rural Household Burkina, Mali and (Vietnam, Indonesia). crop-livestock or pastoral systems in - National to global engagement Multiple Indicator Vietnam. - Prioritized portfolios of CSA West Africa (WA), East Africa (EA) (see above) Survey, collaborative - Jointly interventions in crop-livestock and South East Asia (SEA), including - Generation of evidence and work that spans 3-4 planning, and pastoral systems, and climate-informed early warning development of portfolios of CSA CRPs and is led by ILRI implementing, business and institutional models systems for livestock diseases interventions to integrate into and scaling-up for scaling-out CSA. (Vietnam) the scaling up plans in WA, EA CSV portfolios in - Guidelines and evidence on and SEA (e.g. LivestockPlus: WA, EA and SEA contribution of improved livestock Supporting low emissions (inc. integrated breeds and management development planning). livestock-water practices to food security, - Business cases developed and work in Mali and adaptation and mitigation. validated Burkina) Advance index-based livestock - Integrate IBLI into CSV - Provide methods, Joint (ongoing) in - Guidelines and evidence on the insurance (IBLI) in Kenya, Ethiopia interventions targeting insights and evidence Ethiopia, contribution of IBLI to CSA for pastoralists in Ethiopia on Kenya and Ethiopia Complementary pastoralists in Horn of Africa. - Synthesize methods insights, - Participate in synthesis in Kenya - (with other CRPs) Global evidence from IBLI and other of evidence. synthesis of opportunities and CGIAR insurance initiatives. challenges for index-based insurance MAIZE - Incorporation of climate-smart - Incorporating MAIZE products - Development of -Complementary - Location-specific varieties with varieties of maize, and associated into a broader climate-smart improved varieties and (ongoing in package of practices that are climate-smart technologies and perspective (see above) associated climate- Ghana, Tanzania, recognised as CSA and are practices, into CSVs in Ghana, - Downscaling and climate smart practices (e.g. Kenya, India, incorporated into global, regional Tanzania , Kenya, India and Nepal outlook for input into MAIZE integrated soil fertility Nepal). and national policies and - Scaling up of climate-smart breeding program management through - Through Site investment packages, with a focus varieties, technologies and practices, - Nitrogen efficiency and soil C IITA; outputs from the Integration in on WA (Ghana), EA (Kenya, with a focus on West Africa (WA), effects on net GHG emissions MAIZE FP4 on Ghana, Tanzania, Tanzania), and SA (India, Nepal). East Africa (EA) and South Asia (SA) - National to global engagement sustainable Kenya, India and - Prioritized portfolios of CSA (see above) intensification) Nepal. interventions in rainfed maize- - Generation of evidence and - Integrating CSA - Jointly based systems, and business and development of portfolios of CSA recommendations in planning, institutional models for scaling- interventions to integrate into technology guidance for implementing, out CSA. scaling up plans (WA, EA, SA). upscaling and scaling-up - Business cases developed and CSV portfolios in validated WA, EA and SA - Advancing use of index-based - Downscaled weather data for - Appropriate drought- - Joint (on-going - Guidelines, methods and insurance to enhance uptake of use in index-based insurance adapted varieties in Kenya; planned evidence on the use of insurance drought adapted maize varieties in - Institutional approaches to available at scale in Nigeria) to foster uptake of improved EA (Kenya) and WA (Nigeria) index-based insurance - Outputs from MAIZE maize germplasm and other CSA FP1 CoA 1.4 innovations. - (with other CRPs) Global synthesis of opportunities and challenges for index-based insurance RICE - Incorporation of climate-smart - Incorporating RICE products - Development of - Joint (on-going - Location-specific varieties with varieties of rice, and associated into a broader climate-smart improved management in India, package of practices that are climate-smart technologies and perspective (see above) practices (RICE FP3) and Bangladesh, Laos, recognised as CSA and are practices, into CSVs in India, Nepal, - Downscaling and climate varieties (RICE FP5); Cambodia, incorporated into global, regional Bangladesh, Laos, Cambodia, outlook for input into RICE integrating CSA Vietnam) and national policies and Vietnam (RICE FP3) and in inland breeding program (RICE FP4) recommendations in - Through Site investment packages, with a focus valleys in West Africa (WA) (through - Upscaling and monitoring LED technology guidance for Integration in on SA and SEA (India, Nepal, AfricaRice) - National to global engagement upscaling Bangladesh, Bangladesh, Laos, Cambodia, - Scaling up of climate-smart (see above) - Food loss and waste India, Nepal and Vietnam). varieties, technologies and practices, - Big data analyses on rice crop- data Vietnam. - Prioritized portfolios of CSA with a primary focus on South Asia climate relations in Latin - Joint (planned in interventions in rice-based and South East Asia, with some work America, for South-South inland valleys, systems, and business and in LAM learning West Africa). institutional models for scaling- - Generation of evidence and - Jointly planning, out CSA. development of portfolios of CSA implementing, interventions to integrate into and scaling-up the scaling up plans in SA, SEA CSV portfolios in and LAM (e.g. climate variable SA and SEA. into rural advisory services) - Business cases developed and validated - Global activity on food loss and waste in relation to climate Advancing index-based insurance: - Lead strategy development for - Appropriate climate- Joint (planned in - Guidelines, methods and linked to stress-tolerant rice varieties upscaling index-based insurance smart varieties, Nigeria, planned evidence on the use of insurance in Nigeria; and through RICE project - Data and tools for insurance development of seed in RICE countries) to foster uptake of improved rice (Vietnam, Philippines, Cambodia) index development Crop systems at scale Provide germplasm and other CSA monitoring and forecasting methodology, insights innovations. methodology (RICE countries) and evidence; - (with other CRPs) Global -Synthesize methods insights, participate in synthesis synthesis of opportunities and evidence with other CGIAR of knowledge and challenges for index-based insurance initiatives. evidence. insurance RTB - Incorporation of climate-smart - Incorporating RTB products into - Utilize foresight, - Joint (on-going - Location-specific varieties with varieties from RTB, and associated a broader climate-smart metrics and models to in Nicaragua, package of practices that are climate-smart technologies and perspective (see above) improve selection and Tanzania, recognised as CSA and are practices, into CSVs in Tanzania - Downscaling and climate definition of traits (RTB Uganda, Vietnam) incorporated into global, regional (sweet potato, Irish potato and outlook for input into RTB FP1, FP2) - Through Site and national policies and cassava), Uganda (banana, cassava breeding program; and into RTB - Development of Integration in investment packages, with a focus and sweet potato), Vietnam (cassava pest and disease modelling improved varieties and Nicaragua, on LAM (Nicaragua), EA & sweet potato), Nicaragua (banana). - Household modeling for associated climate- Tanzania and (Tanzania) and SEA (Vietnam). - Scaling up of climate-smart diversification and improved smart practices (e.g. Vietnam. - Prioritized portfolios of CSA varieties, technologies and practices resilience of RTB-cocoa based RTB crops in coffee and - Jointly planning, interventions in systems where with a focus on Latin America (LAM), systems cocoa systems through implementing, RTB products should be prioritised East Africa (EA) and South East Asia - National to global engagement IITA) (RTB FP2, FP3, FP5) and scaling-up as climate-smart and business and (SEA) (see above) - Incorporate effects of CSV portfolios in institutional models for scaling- - Contribute to a co-investment - Generation of evidence and climate change in insect LAM, WA, EA and out CSA. platform shared by FTA and RTB on development of portfolios of CSA crop life cycle SEA (e.g. joint tree-crop commodities that interventions to integrate into modelling, and disease projects in Ghana integrates climate mitigation and the scaling up plans in LAM, EA models (e.g. Blightcast) between IITA and adaptation with sustainable and SA. (RTB FP2, FP3) ICRAF). intensification of - Business cases developed and - Food loss and waste cocoa, coffee, rubber and oil palm. validated data (RTB F4) - Global activity on food loss and waste in relation to climate change WHEAT - Incorporation of climate-smart - Incorporating WHEAT products - Development of - Joint (on-going - Location-specific varieties with varieties of wheat, and associated into a broader climate-smart management practices in India, Nepal). package of practices that are climate-smart technologies and perspective (see above) and improved varieties - Through Site recognised as CSA and are practices, into CSVs in India and - Downscaling and climate and associated climate- Integration in incorporated into global, regional Nepal outlook for input into WHEAT smart practices (e.g. India and Nepal and national policies and - Scaling up of climate-smart breeding program outputs from the - Jointly planning, investment packages, with a focus varieties, technologies and practices, - Nitrogen efficiency and soil C WHEAT FP4 on implementing, on SA (India, Nepal). with a focus on South Asia. effects on net GHG emissions sustainable and scaling-up - Prioritized portfolios of CSA - National to global engagement intensification) CSV portfolios in interventions in rice-wheat - Generation of evidence and - Integrating CSA SA. systems, and business and development of portfolios of CSA recommendations in institutional models for scaling- interventions to integrate into technology guidance for out CSA. the scaling up plans in SA (e.g. upscaling climate variable into rural - Food loss and waste advisory services). data - Business cases developed and validated - Global activity on food loss and waste in relation to climate change A4NH Development and application of - National to global engagement Case studies on Joint (planned) Scenarios informing policy quantified food and nutrition security (see above) commodity value chains development and implementation futures under an uncertain climate - Scenarios processes, and agrifood systems, towards food and nutrition documentation, capacity nutrition and gender security in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, development (especially through the Nigeria, Vietnam. Food Systems for Healthier Diets Flagship) Syntheses of case studies across - National, regional engagement Food and nutrition Joint (planned) Syntheses of policy case studies target countries documenting policy - CSA metrics work includes security policy for guidance and learning in and enabling conditions that can lead attention to nutrition metrics processes, methods, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Ghana, to positive adaptive capacity and (ICRAF) policy engagement Nepal, Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania food and nutrition security outcomes, platforms, monitoring including metrics to deal with CSA and metrics (SPEAR and nutrition Flagship) PIM Refinement of Gender and Social - National to global engagement IMPACT development, Joint (ongoing) Policy-relevant information on Inclusion, Climate Change and food (see above) documentation, upscaling and enabling and nutrition security elements in the - Information on climate and application, training appropriate CSA interventions in IMPACT model and application in short- and long-term variability, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Ghana, future scenario and foresight data on metrics India, Nigeria, Vietnam activities Joint development of Learning - Synthesized information, tools, Evaluation methods and Joint (planned) - Learning Platform to share Platform on Weather-related methods, evidence to inform expertise. Synthesized knowledge, foster coordination Agricultural Insurance design and targeting. information and across CRPs. - Connections to key external evidence in the context - Synthesized knowledge and insurance initiatives within of other safety net evidence about design, targeting CCAFS network. interventions. and impact of insurance with emphasis on its role in overcoming risk-related barriers to adoption of CSA and AFS CRP innovations. Policy and institutional approach of Assessment of current Policy analysis Joint (on-going) CSA/CSV scaling up pathways and scaling out CSA/CSV in India, agriculture and climate change expertise; Connections implementation plans/schemes in Bangladesh and Nepal policies and institutions at to key initiatives and India, Nepal and Bangladesh national, sub-national and local partnerships within PIM levels network. WLE Incorporation of climate-smart - Incorporating WLE technologies Development of Joint (on-going) Prioritized portfolios of CSA technologies into CSVs in Laos into a broader climate-smart climate-smart interventions in agricultural perspective (see above) technologies (e.g. systems in different agro- - National to global engagement underground flooding, ecologies (see above) soil carbon sequestration); integrating CSA recommendations in technology guidance for upscaling Incorporation of soil carbon - Incorporating WLE technologies Climate-smart Joint (ongoing) in Readiness for climate financing sequestration in NDCs (Nationally into a broader climate-smart technologies for Kenya; (if new coupled with location-specific Determined Contributions) perspective building soil carbon, resources are portfolios of climate relevant - National to global engagement recommendations for obtained) in practices to increase soil carbon (see above) implementation Vietnam, Nepal, sequestration (inclusion of soil -Integration of soil C in tools and pathways Uganda, Ghana, carbon in NDCs) scenarios Senegal, - Developing readiness and Tanzania, program planning for climate Colombia finance - Tools, metrics and scenarios for identifying mitigation options that include soil carbon - Monitoring and GHG accounting issues. Managing flood waters in India - Pilot testing with stakeholders Development of Joint (on-going) Evidence and guidelines for underground storage of flood technologies to deal management of flood water for water for irrigation/drought with flooding (WLE drought mitigation and irrigation management Flagship on Managing - Policy and institutional Variability, Risk and mechanisms for scaling out Competing Uses for Increased Resilience (VCR)) Advancing index-based flood - Downscaled weather data for Appropriate Joint planning - Index-based flood insurance that insurance in India and Bangladesh use in index-based flood hydrological monitoring and incentivizes the adoption of CSA insurance (WLE VCR) implementation - (with other CRPs) Global - Flood index product synthesis of opportunities and development challenges for index-based - Institutional approaches to insurance flood insurance Template 2b: Plans for Site Integration in CGIAR target countries Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) Regional Program Leaders [RPL]) LATIN AMERICA A steering committee was established with  RPL is part of Steering Committee in charge of representatives from CIAT, Bioversity, CATIE, ICRAF developing the Site Integration plan, and and CCAFS. As the first priority, a national participated in Site Integration workshop. consultation was held in Managua, Nicaragua from  In Phase I CCAFS developed CSVs that involved 17-18 November, 2015. Participants included six projects from 3 Centres (2 CRPs). The selection CGIAR Centres (Bioversity, CIAT, CIMMYT, CIP, ICRAF, of CSVs was in consultation with CGIAR and and IFPRI), as well as CATIE and CIRAD and 20+ non-CGIAR partners. CCAFS also developed national partners. Centres represented work of nine regional networks and science-policy CRPs (from Phase 1) which are active in the region platforms where multiple Centres participate. (A4NH, CCAFS, FTA, Humidtropics, L&F, Maize, PIM,  Since 2013, the RPL focuses on ensuring RTB, and WLE). Opportunities for further CRP integration of CSA actions from site to regional integration were identified, including shared goals, level, making sure to integrate activities of activities, partnerships that would benefit the work different FPs, Centres, CRPs and partners being carried out by each program and a proposed involved with CCAFS so as to respond to theory of change and impact pathway to carry them regional, national and local needs. out. CIAT covered expenses related to the venue and Involvement in Site Integration plan in food, while each participant assumed the cost of Nicaragua is one of the mechanisms to achieve travel. https://library.cgiar.org/bitstream/handl such articulation. e/10947/4180/Informe-Reunion-Integracion-  CCAFS contributed to organization of national 2015-English.pdf?sequence=1. consultation workshop and has been involved Nicaragua in the elaboration of the Site Integration plan. With guidance from Consortium Office, the steering  CSVs will continue to serve as a hub to (Maya Rajasekharan, committee will draft the Site Integration plan integrate CRP collaboration with local actors to CIAT) building on the national consultation and support national stakeholders (Climate-site past/current experiences of Centres. A clear specific management project in Malacatoya, understanding of what is being proposed in Phase 2 Sebaco, Matagalpa and San Luis; Participatory CRP proposals are important before we carry out any planning and investment in CSA project in further stakeholder consultation. Potential sites of Estelí, Madriz and Nueva Segovia; Tuma La integrative work were identified based on previous Dalia CSV pre-identified as potential site for and ongoing CGIAR efforts (such as CCAFS CSVs and collaboration with FTA, WLE, PIM, AFS). FTA sentinel sites) and on priorities of the  Synergies and areas of overlap to explore have government (such as the dry corridor). Some been identified during the consultation integrative work has been already done in Tuma La exercise with A4NH, FTA, WLE, PIM, AFS-CRPs. Dalia CSV between CCAFS and FTA regarding  CCAFS will continue contributing to the baseline surveys and implementation of agroforestry finalization of the Site Integration plan. In measures. Developing information and knowledge addition, CCAFS will contribute towards jointly management systems are essential to sustain raising bilateral funds with the centres/CRPs dialogue and communication. Unlike other for strategic thematic areas and work in countries, we don’t anticipate Nicaragua being a specific sites, such as the CSV. CCAFS will physical hub leading to a single CGIAR office. develop a funding strategy which will be shared with Site Integration coordinator and To meet donor/CGIAR aspirations on Site partners. CCAFS through the Learning Integration, dedicated funding to support Platforms will provide inputs on how these can coordination and collective efforts are required. support the Site Integration plan. CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) Regional Program Leaders [RPL]) WEST AFRICA  Since 2013, RPL has worked closely with FTA, WLE and DS to initiate and organise three In June 2013, a meeting of WLE, FTA and CCAFS consultation meetings with national partners, agreed to explore areas of synergy (both issue and including those engaged with CCAFS since place-based) in Burkina. In August 2013, CIFOR 2010. organized a first internal meeting between ICRAF  In Phase I CCAFS developed CSVs that involved and CIFOR in Ouagadougou to review the expected projects from 4 Centres (3 CRPs). CCAFS also outcomes of the joint initiative. A committee was set organised scenario downscaling workshops up and tasked to establish a database of CGIAR and developed a national CSA science-policy projects in terms of targets, locations, partners. platform where multiple Centres and CRPs nd participated. A 2 meeting (Dec 2013) with participation of a  RPLs are responsible for ensuring integration broader set of partners (FTA, CCAFS, WLE, Drylands, of CSA actions from site to regional level, and national and other international research for integrating activities of different FPs, institutions, including universities, state and non- Centres, CRPs and partners involved with state development partners, international NGOs) CCAFS. One of their TOR is to ensure that convened to review the quality of previous CCAFS activities are integrated in Site partnerships with CGIAR and to work out a new rd Integration Plans. partnership framework. A 3 meeting (Feb 2014)  Up to now, CCAFS has actively participated in with the same set of partners defined a vision and the 4 national consultation meetings in action plan for the partnership framework. It was Burkina Faso. also agreed to develop a common theory of change  CCAFS scenario process and science-policy aligned to the strategy for accelerated growth and dialogue platform have been identified for sustainable development of Burkina Faso (SCADD), Burkina Faso joint-CRP work and used to support the particularly the national programme for the rural (Mathurin formulation of the phase 2 PNSR. sector (PNSR). The CGIAR-led initiative for building a Zida, CIFOR)  The CCAFS CSVs have been considered as database of all CGIAR projects and those of non- research sites for WLE, DCL and FTA. Sites' CGIAR actors has been merged with a similar baseline data and information have been initiative led by the SP/CPSA (Permanent Secretariat shared with CRPs and Centres. for Coordination of Agricultural Sectoral Policies).  A research agenda for the CGIAR (CRPs & Centres) to respond to the priority needs for The CRPs' joint initiative has also partnered with the Burkina Faso rural sector development has CCAFS Scenarios group and the SP/CPSA in a specific been developed and will serve to guide future process aimed at examining the PNSR in the context research interventions. of multiple socio-economic and climatic scenarios, to improve its robustness and feasibility in the face of  The scenario process will continue to backstop possible diverse futures. This scenario-guided policy and guide the formulation of the PNSR phase revision workshop (July 2015), offered a unique 2. opportunity to CGIAR experts (FTA, CCAFS, Dryland,  CCAFS will also contribute towards jointly WLE) and national policy experts to identify research raising bilateral funds with the centres/CRPs through which CRPs could contribute to the for the thematic area. By August 2016, CCAFS expected outcomes of the upcoming revised PNSR. will prepare a funding strategy, to be shared The CRPS’ joint initiative in Burkina Faso has with the Site Integration coordinator/partners followed a participatory approach involving CGIAR, for discussion. national actors, and other international actors  Each Learning Platform will prepare a brief intervening in Burkina Faso, to frame partnerships, annual workplan in December of the previous map research interventions and define development year for discussion with the Site Integration and research priorities to be considered. coordinators, other CRPs and partners. 64 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) Regional Program Leaders [RPL]) Centres that are active in Ghana have been  The RPL is a member of the SC, and has collaborating for a long time by sharing resources contributed to SC meetings through sharing and working on different projects together. Since information on CCAFS-related projects and January 2016, nine Centres (AfricaRice, Bioversity, success stories, in preparation for the national CIAT, CIP, IFPRI, IITA, ILRI, IWMI and WorldFish) and consultation meeting. eight CRPs (A4NH, CCAFS, DCLAS, Maize, Rice, WLE,  In Phase I CCAFS developed that involved RTB, PIM) have been involved in Ghana Site projects from 5 Centres (4 CRPs). CCAFS also Integration. The Steering Committee (SC) was developed national and district-level CSA constituted by official nominations from the science-policy platforms where multiple Centres/CRPs. Several virtual and face-to-face Centres participated. meetings were held prior to the national  RPLs are responsible for ensuring integration consultation workshop (March 2016, Accra). Other of CSA actions from site to regional level, and preliminary activities carried out by the SC were: (i) for integrating activities of different FPs, mapping of Centre/CRP project locations, thematic Centres, CRPs and partners involved with focus, target commodities and partnerships; (ii) CCAFS. One of their TOR is to ensure that Review of relevant national policy documents as well CCAFS activities are integrated in Site as donors’ priorities; and (iii) engagement with and Integration Plans. sensitization of local partners on Site Integration.  CCAFS attended the national consultation From the mapping and review exercise, the SC meeting and made presentations on CCAFS identified potential thematic areas for CGIAR success stories. collaboration in Ghana.  The consultation workshop identified (1) the Two key national partners are the Ministry of Food national science-policy dialogue platform, (2) and Agriculture (MoFA) and the Council for Scientific the CSV approach, and (3) the scaling up of Ghana and Industrial Research (CSIR). These institutions co- climate information services through ICTs as (Olufunke organized the National Consultation workshop, relevant areas for Site Integration. Cofie, IWMI) attended by 60 persons from different stakeholder  The 2 CCAFS CSVs have been considered as groups. The workshop revealed how the integrated research sites for DCL, FTA and Africa Rising efforts of the CGIAR Centres can complement project. The CSV baseline data and information national priorities and those of other partners, have been shared with CRPs/Centres. towards agricultural transformation. Following  CCAFS is expected to play a key role in the one MoFA’s presentation on the priorities for driving of the Site Integration thematic area (climate Ghana’s Shared Growth and Development change adaptation and resilience, through Objectives, the participants identified key themes CSA, climate information services and safety that could be the CGIAR strategic focus. The nets). workshop also suggested ways of working effectively  CCAFS will also contribute towards jointly together. The workshop further provided insight on raising bilateral funds with the centres/CRPs tracking progress and impact of integration, as well for the thematic area. By August 2016, CCAFS as the coordination mechanism. will have prepared a funding strategy for each country of its target countries. This strategy Next steps are: (i) finalise the Site Integration plan will be shared with the Site Integration with information gathered during the workshop; (ii) coordinator and partners for comments and engage in regular consultation and exchange with discussion. the national partners through their representation in  Each Learning Platform will prepare a brief the SC and (iii) sharing information at national annual workplan in December of the previous platforms. The SC agreed that sharing of year for discussion with the Site Integration information, as well as collaboration in joint coordinator, other CRPs and partners. activities and resource mobilisation is paramount to strengthen integration. Collaboration will commence on the identified themes and with a joint visit to the National Development Planning Commission. 65 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) Regional Program Leaders [RPL]) The Site Integration process is coordinated by a  RPL is member of the SC and contributed to steering committee representing seven the technical preparation and facilitation of organisations and one CRP (ICRISAT, ICRAF, ILRI, the consultation meeting. AVRDC, AGRA, Africa Rice, IITA). The SC has mapped  In Phase I CCAFS developed CSVs that involved on-going projects and organized a Site Integration projects from 3 Centres (3 CRPs). CCAFS also workshop (March 2016, Bamako). Nearly 70 developed national and district level CSA participants attended including representatives from science-policy platforms where multiple the Ministry of Agriculture, NGOs, donor community, Centres participate. private sector, CGIAR Centres and farmers group.  RPL is responsible for ensuring integration of The participants produced a draft framework for Site CSA actions from site to regional level, and for Integration, including principles, gaps and integrating activities of different FPs, Centres, opportunities for Site Integration, resourcing, CRPs and partners involved with CCAFS. One of internal and external communication, as well as their TOR is to ensure that CCAFS activities are mechanisms to monitor progress and assess impacts. integrated in Site Integration Plans. The main outputs and conclusions of the integration  RPL attended the national consultation workshop were as follows: meeting and made presentations on the  Improvement of the inventory of research mapping of CGIAR intervention sites in Mali. programs and project partnerships. He also shared CCAFS success stories (CSVs, partnerships, national platforms...)  Opportunities for more efficiency and increased impact through stronger coordination and  The consultation workshop considered lessons learnt from (1) the national & district level Mali collaboration were highlighted. (Ramadjita  Better understanding of what the gaps and science-policy dialogue platforms, (2) the CSV approach and the partnerships developed by Tabo, opportunities are in Mali for AR4D. CCAFS for its action research, as relevant ICRISAT)  Clear need for research to go beyond the experiences that could inform Site Integration. production stage and focus on empowering farmers and NGOs to develop value chains.  The 2 CCAFS CSVs in Segou region have been considered as research sites for DCL, FTA and WLE. Baseline data and information have been Working groups were formed to progress on the following five main issues: (i) key features of shared with CRPs and Centres. integration, (ii) principles for selecting sites, and  The SC will facilitate further work planning integrating actions, (iii) towards effective based on the lessons learnt from existing collaboration and cooperation, (iv) communication experiences, including those from CCAFS. and (v) progress tracking and impact assessment.  CCAFS will contribute to the thematic and geographical database of all CGIAR and The Site Integration plan will be submitted on or partner projects. th before April 29 , 2016.  By August 2016, CCAFS will have prepared a funding strategy for each country of its target countries. This strategy will be shared with the Site Integration coordinator and partners for comments and discussion.  Each CCAFS Learning Platform will prepare a brief annual workplan in December of the previous year for discussion with the Site Integration coordinator, other CRPs and partners. 66 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) Regional Program Leaders [RPL])  RPL is member of the SC and has interacted with the Site Integration leader in preparation of the national consultation meeting. Niger CGIAR site integration was initiated on March  In Phase I CCAFS developed CSVs that involved 15, 2016 by organizing a consultation meeting of all projects from 4 Centres (3 CRPs). CCAFS also CGIAR/CRPS operating in Niger. This meeting builds developed a national CSA science-policy on an ICRISAT consultative meeting, held in August platform where multiple Centres participate. 2015. The meeting focused on Government of Niger  RPL is responsible for ensuring integration of strategy for Agricultural development (3N), and how CSA actions from site to regional level, and for the CGIAR can respond to that. Site Integration is integrating activities of different FPs, Centres, coordinated by representatives of 3 CGIAR centers CRPs and partners involved with CCAFS. One of (ICRISAT, ICRAF, ILRI) and CCAFS. The first their TOR is to ensure that CCAFS activities are consultation meeting gathered participants from the integrated in Site Integration Plans. above, with inputs also from IWMI and IITA. It was  A scientist from CCAFS team participated in also attended by national AR4D actors (INRAN, the consultation meeting and shared CCAFS CNRA, French R4D Institute, NGOs). CRPs operating experiences and future activities in Niger in Niger include: WLE, DCL, A4NH, CCAFS, RICE,  Preliminary results from the CSVs in term of LIVESTOCK and Genebank. technologies, approaches and tools will be further used within the basket of CGIAR-led 3N has the objective of strengthening the national products that could be brought to scale Niger (Malick capacity for food production to ensure a steady through large country-led development Ba, ICRISAT) supply chain, and resilience in the face of food crises programs. and natural disasters. Niger is designated as the lead  Household and village baseline studies in CSVs country for livestock research and development for have been conducted and databases made the 15 ECOWAS countries. The newly established available to other CRPs (e.g. DCL, WLE, FTA). Centre National for Agronomic Research (CNRA)  CCAFS has projects in CSVs (Fakara region) as oversees all AR4D. The consultation meeting well as at the national level (e.g. National highlighted opportunities for site integration in term science-policy dialogue platform led by of facilities (ICRISAT campus, and INRAN nationwide CNEDD). These will be integrated into the research stations) and funding (World Bank emerging Site Integration plan. CCAFS will investments, IFAD and EU). Currently ICRISAT-CIAT contribute to the thematic and geographical and CCAFS are working towards development of a database of all CGIAR and partner project. proposal on climate smart agriculture, which will  By August 2016, CCAFS will have prepared a reinforce Site Integration. funding strategy for each country of its target countries. This strategy will be shared with Site Workshop identified key features of integration, Integration coordinator and partners for principles for selecting sites and integrating actions. discussion. The next steps will include the development of a site  Each Learning Platform will prepare a brief integration plan. annual workplan in December of the previous year for discussion with the Site Integration coordinator, other CRPs and partners. 67 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) Regional Program Leaders [RPL]) The Site Integration National Consultation Workshop  CCAFS Africa Program Leader and the Senior for Nigeria was held on 16th and 17th November Manager – African Policy Engagement, visited 2015. The workshop focused on: Understanding IITA-Ibadan (Feb 2016) for in-depth discussions Nigeria’s agricultural research and development with Site Integration leader on CCAFS plans in strategy; Mapping the CGIAR activities and sites in Nigeria. CCAFS does not have much activity in the country; Developing a common understanding of Nigeria but has been working with integration and key principles to be considered; government officials and the insurance sector Identifying the roles of various stakeholders in the to plan the roll-out of weather-index integration process and; Developing a framework for insurance. integration. A Process Steering Committee was  In Phase I CCAFS coordinated the development formed comprising all CRP focal point of a chapter to the report of the Advisory representatives to provide guidance. About 70 Committee on Agricultural Resilience in participants attended the consultation and there Nigeria with contributions from various CGIAR was a fair representation of stakeholders cutting Centres. The report was the background to the across farmer organizations, Women groups, gender development of the Nigeria resilience strategy. specialist, development partners, the private sector,  CCAFS has commented and shared ideas on private and public extension actors, CGIAR partners, the Site Integration process. Nigeria regional and sub-regional organizations, the media, (Alfred Dixon,  CCAFS has ambitions to support an index- and policymakers, etc. IITA) based insurance development for climate risk Major outputs consisted in defining local or national management in Nigeria, involving three priorities, articulating and breaking down the Centers. CCAFS will also contribute to capacity concept of “integration”, collectively identifying development of Nigeria stakeholders for principles and some general guidelines that could sound implementation of CSA. guide site selection and integration, identifying the  CCAFS will pursue its partnership engagement major AR4D issues in the country, identify major for the insurance initiative and integrate such ongoing AR4D initiatives funded by donors, and plan activities into the Site Integration plan. the beginnings of a framework. Also, the planning  By August 2016, CCAFS will have prepared a framework for integration was designed. funding strategy for each country of its target The defined next steps were: countries. This strategy will be shared with the  to consult with CG focal points to agree on draft Site Integration coordinator and partners for integration plan (what and how) discussion.  To share the integration plan with stakeholders,  Each Learning Platform will prepare a brief Consortium, CRP Directors and GFAR annual workplan in December of the previous  To finalize integration plan, share with year for discussion with the Site Integration stakeholders and submit to Consortium and CRP coordinator, other CRPs and partners. Directors 68 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS RPLs Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) [RPL]) EAST AFRICA The Ethiopia CGIAR country collaboration and Site  CCAFS was represented by the CIAT country Integration process is coordinated by a committee representative for Ethiopia at the first representing 14 CGIAR Centres and 10 CRP focal national consultation workshop. points (inc. CCAFS). The group plans to meet  RPLs are responsible for ensuring integration quarterly. The Agricultural Transformation Agency of CSA actions from site to regional level, and and the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research for integrating activities of different FPs, are helping to better prepare the national Centres, CRPs and partners involved with consultation process. CCAFS. One of their TOR is to ensure that CCAFS activities are integrated in Site Some key activities to date include: Integration Plans.  Database of major partners/collaborators  In Phase I CCAFS developed a research site in  Mapping CGIAR Centre and CRP work in Ethiopia Borana, southern Ethiopia, where research (November 2015). activities related to the rangelands led by ILRI  Partners’ national consultations on alignment to were conducted in collaboration with Growth and Transformation Plan II (GTP II) (Nov Managing Risk for Improved Livelihoods 2015 – Jan 2016). (MARIL).  National Consultation Meeting (Dec 2015).  The Borana site is an attractive investment Participants were drawn mainly from the Federal area where a diversity of CRPs/Centres Government Departments, Development partners working on rangelands can come together to (Donors, NGOs) and a few private sector and test their technologies and approaches. CCAFS farmer associations. activities in Borana, also link with the local Ethiopia  Different CRPs/Flagships conducting focused government, with potential for much (Siboniso group consultations (Jan-Mar 2016) integration with the Livestock CRP – Moyo, ILRI)  Conduct focused group discussion with a target specifically linkages with ILRI Index-based group of stakeholders (women and youth groups, Livestock Insurance (IBLI). farmers associations, as agreed in Dec meeting)  The first consultation workshop set out some  Creating a wiki for the coordinating committee key actions, and CCAFS is committed to play its role in those actions e.g. development of The Roadmap for agricultural and economic growth joint research proposals, streamlining policy in Ethiopia is spelt out in Ethiopia’s GTP II. The CGIAR engagement, and improving opportunities should continue to align its programs to that (and and modalities of capacity development, there have been many meetings to do that planning) contribution to the thematic and geographical (Oct-Dec 2015). database of all CGIAR and partner projects in Ethiopia. One the key recommendation is the need to  CCAFS also plans to contribute through its establish a joint CGIAR-national agriculture research Learning Platforms. Each CCAFS Learning system collaboration and communication Platform will prepare a brief annual workplan mechanism. Other areas of collaboration were: the in December of the previous year for development of joint research proposals, sharing of discussion with the Site Integration equipment and resources, streamlining policy coordinator, other CRPs and partners. engagement, and improving opportunities and  By August 2016, CCAFS will have prepared a modalities of capacity development. funding strategy for Ethiopia. This strategy will be shared with the Site Integration coordinator and partners for discussion. 69 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS RPLs Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) [RPL]) Kenya CGIAR country collaboration and site  ILRI represents CCAFS in the SC, being the integration is led by ICRAF and coordinated by a host Centre for CCAFS EA and FP4. steering committee representing 9 CGIAR Centres  CCAFS was represented by the CCAFS PAR working in Kenya (ILRI, ICRAF, CIMMYT, CIAT, IITA, expert at the national consultation workshop. CIFOR, CIP, ICRISAT, Bioversity) and 8 CRP focal  RPLs are responsible for ensuring integration points (A4NH, CCAFS, FTA, Maize, Wheat, RTB, of CSA actions from site to regional level, and Livestock, Rice). The national stakeholders’ for integrating activities of different FPs, consultation workshop held in March 10-11, 2016 Centres, CRPs and partners involved with brought together a wide range of stakeholder and CCAFS. One of their TOR is to ensure that included representatives from CGIAR centers and CCAFS activities are integrated in Site CRPs, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Integration Plans. Fisheries; devolved county governments; national  In Phase I CCAFS developed CSVs across two universities; national agricultural research sites in Kenya (Nyando, Western Kenya; and organizations (KALRO, KEFRI); National Council of Wote in Eastern Kenya). Four centres (ILRI, Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI); ICRISAT, CIMMYT, ICRAF), representing 4 CRPs National Biosafety Authority (NBA); regional and have been working in these sites in other international agricultural research collaboration with the national research organizations (ASARECA, ACIAR, AATF, ICIPE), the partners (KARLO, Ministry of Agriculture, private sector (Equity Group Foundation, Kenya universities). Private Sector Alliance – KEPSA), farmer  CCAFS also developed national CSA science- representatives (KNFF, KSSCGA, KLBO), donor policy platforms where multiple Centres organizations (World Bank, FAO, Embassy of participated including CIFOR, CIAT, ILRI, ICRAF. Sweden, JICA), and development organizations (SNV, The platform facilitated the development of Technoserve, One Acre Fund). the CSA Framework Program (CSA-FPs) for Kenya, with CSA also included in the Kenya Kenya The meeting discussed a more coordinated and INDC submitted to UNFCCC in 2015. (Jonathan effective way of working in Kenya which optimally  The following potential collaboration has been Muriuki, integrates with the Kenyan Agriculture priorities. identified as possibly contributing to Site ICRAF) Specific areas of focus included: Integration: with DTMA (CIMMYT), DCL  Understanding the Kenya Agriculture Sector (ICRISAT), LIVESTOCK (ILRI); CSA science-policy Priorities and policies (Agriculture Sector dialogues (CIFOR, CIAT, ILRI, ICRAF and IITA). Development Strategy - ASDS), critical challenges  CCAFS is expected to play a key role in the facing agricultural development and relevant Site Integration thematic areas implementation of the priorities. (climate change adaptation and resilience,  Priority areas where research and development mitigation through CSA). can most contribute  CCAFS will also contribute towards jointly  How best to organize the CGIAR input to address raising bilateral funds with the centres/CRPs Kenyan priorities for the thematic area.  By August 2016, CCAFS will have prepared a The workshop identified six pillars of the ASDS funding strategy for Kenya. This strategy will where research can contribute to their be shared with the Site Integration implementation: coordinator and partners for discussion.  Increasing agricultural productivity and  Each of the CCAFS Learning Platforms will commercialization prepare a brief annual workplan in December  Promoting private sector investments of the previous year for discussion with the  Promoting sustainable land and natural resources Site Integration coordinator, other CRPs and management partners.  Improving agricultural services delivery  Promoting value addition, competitiveness and trade  Ensuring effective sector coordination and implementation 70 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS RPLs Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) [RPL]) The Site Integration process is coordinated by a  CCAFS is only now initiating work in Rwanda. committee of six individuals representing 4 Centers CCAFS is leading a project on Climate Services (CIP, CIAT, IITA and ICRAF). Four Site Integration in Rwanda in collaboration with Meteo- meetings have been held, including one with the Rwanda and RAB beginning 2016, and will be main donors in Rwanda (USAID, EU, and DFID). represented at the Site Integration workshop by the Project Coordinator and Project Leader The committee is working on mapping all on-going (from CIAT – Rwanda). CCAFS project on projects in Rwanda. Climate Services in Rwanda will explore linkages with other CRPs and CGIAR centre A Site Integration workshop will be held 29th Mar initiatives e.g. through selection of pilot Rwanda 2016, bringing together c. 75 representative of areas/districts. (Kirimi Sindi, donors, government agencies, other development  CCAFS is committed to play its role in the CIP) organizations, civil societies, and financial proposed site integration activities, and will institutions. This will build on the Humid Tropics also contribute through its Learning already-established R4D forum. Platforms. Each Learning Platform will prepare a brief annual workplan in December of the This meeting will gather stakeholder views and use previous year for discussion with the Site these to work on the Site Integration plan that will Integration coordinator, other CRPs and be finalized by end of April, 2016. partners.  By August 2016, CCAFS will have prepared a funding strategy for Rwanda to be shared with Site Integration coordinators and partners for discussion. The Site Integration process is coordinated by a  RPLs are responsible for ensuring integration group composed of representatives from: The of CSA actions from site to regional level, and Ministry of Agriculture , Livestock and Fisheries (3 for integrating activities of different FPs, persons), Private Sector (1), 11 CGIAR Centres (CIAT, Centres, CRPs and partners involved with CIP, ICRAF, IITA, IRRI, Africa Rice, ILRI, AfricaRice, CCAFS. One of their TOR is to ensure that ICRISAT, CIMMYT, Bioversity), 9 CRP focal points, CCAFS activities in Tanzania are integrated in (CCAFS, LIVESTOCK, MAIZE, A4NH, PIM, RICE, RTB, Site Integration Plans. WLE) and the Genebank platform.  CCAFS participated in the first Site Integration workshop for Tanzania through its PAR expert. The national stakeholders’ consultation workshop  In Phase I, CCAFS developed CSVs in Lushoto, (Dec 2015) derived principles for success and Northern Tanzania. Three CGIAR Centres (CIP, identified major opportunities for integration. To CIMMYT and IITA, covering three CRPs) have ensure alignment with national priorities it is been testing crop-related CSA technologies essential to understand the national strategies as working with the national research institute elaborated in the Tanzanian Agricultural Sector Tanzania (SARI) to develop the CSV models. Development Program (ASDP) Phase II. Reference to  National CSA science-policy platforms have ASDPII should be made in proposals. IITA, as lead (Regina also been developed, where multiple Centres focal point for Site Integration, participated in a 5- Kapinga, IITA) (CIFOR, CIAT, ILRI, ICRAF) have participated. days national ASDPII prioritization workshop to The platform facilitated the development of identify key focus areas. the CSA Framework Program (CSA-FP) for Tanzania in 2015, resulting in inclusion of CSA The plan is to jointly develop and implement in Tanzania’s INDC submitted to UNFCCC in projects that have multiple commodities and 2015. Learning Alliances which bring together disciplines (as in Africa Rising that involves a number stakeholders from national to local of Centres and has common research sites). government to share information, knowledge, and experiences on issues of climate change Regarding sharing of facilities, IITA –Tanzania is in Tanzania have also been developed (led by already hosting three CGIAR Centers. IITA).  CCAFS is expected to play a key role in one or The site-integration process group will meet at least more of the following Site Integration once every six months. Plans are underway to thematic areas: CSA technologies and discuss the possibility of organizing a CGIAR-NARS practices, business and enterprise national awareness workshop aimed at popularizing 71 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS RPLs Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) [RPL]) best-bet technologies for scaling-up development, capacity building, value addition and management of postharvest losses, sustainable intensification of smallholder systems to increase agricultural production and productivity.  The CCAFS CSVs in Lushoto serve as a potential research site for other CRP, while the national platform already established by CCAFS through IITA can be used to facilitate science-policy dialogues for other CRPS.  CCAFS will also contribute towards jointly raising bilateral funds with the centres/CRPs for the thematic areas. By August 2016, CCAFS will have prepared a funding strategy for Tanzania. The strategy will be shared with the Site Integration coordinator and partners for discussion.  Each of the CCAFS Learning platforms will prepare a brief annual workplan in Dec of the previous year for discussion with the other CRPs, partners, Site Integration coordinator. The Site Integration process in Uganda is jointly  CCAFS was represented at the first national chaired by Bioversity and CIP. A steering committee consultative workshop by scientists from CIAT (SC) involving all the 8 CGIAR Centres present in and IITA, and by ILRI Uganda country Uganda (Bioversity, CIAT, CIP, ICRAF, IFPRI, IITA, ILRI, representative. and IWMI) was formed and held its first meeting (Jan  In Phase I CCAFS developed CSVs across two 2016). After the second SC meeting the SC chairs and sites in Uganda (Hoima; and Rakai), with members consulted key stakeholders (NARO- projects involving three CGIAR centres (CIAT, Uganda, Makerere University, Uganda National CIMMYT and IITA). CCAFS has also been Farmers’ Federation, Ministry of Finance). working with national research partners (NARO) and Makerere University to develop The first stakeholder workshop on March 9, 2016 the CSVs model. was co-hosted with NARO to enhance ownership by  CCAFS also developed national CSA science- national partners. policy platforms where multiple centres participate (CIFOR, CIAT, ILRI, ICRAF). Through the platform, a CSA Framework Program has Uganda Materials collated so far include: been developed for Uganda. Uganda has also  CGIAR major partners/collaborators included CSA in their INDC submitted to (Eldad  Documents that highlight national development UNFCCC in 2015. Through an IITA-led CCAFS Karamura, priorities project, Learning Alliances have been formed Bioversity)  CGIAR research which bring together stakeholders from national to local government to share The SC has noted that for several CRPs operational in information, knowledge, and experiences on Uganda, there are already several clusters of Centres issues of climate change in Uganda. collaborating in one or more CRPs, and that Centres  RPLs are responsible for ensuring integration were already sharing laboratory facilities along with of CSA actions from site to regional level, and NARO-Uganda institutes. for integrating activities of different FPs, Centres, CRPs and partners involved with The workshop on March 9 discussed Uganda's CCAFS. One of their TOR is to ensure that national agriculture priorities and how the CGIAR, CCAFS activities are integrated in Site NARES, scaling and policy partners can better Integration Plans for Uganda. collaborate. Increasing agricultural productivity and addressing climate change were among the  CCAFS will also contribute towards jointly priorities. The meeting laid a foundation for a long raising bilateral funds with the centres/CRPs term engagement between the CRPs and Ugandan for the thematic area. CCAFS will have partners and stakeholders. Outputs of the meeting prepared a funding strategy for Uganda. This 72 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS RPLs Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) [RPL]) will guide the development of the Site Integration strategy will be shared with the Site plan. Integration coordinator and partners for discussion.  Each of the CCAFS Learning Platform will prepare a brief annual workplan in December of the previous year for discussion with the Site Integration coordinators, other CRPs and partners. 73 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS RPLs Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) [RPL]) SOUTH ASIA  In Phase I CCAFS developed CSVs in southern Bangladesh (Khulana and Rajapur; led by Worldfish) and in central Bangladesh (Kishorganj led by IRRI) where a number of CGIAR Centres are active. This was based on consultation with the partners and currently the CSVs have activities together with 3 CRPs. In Bangladesh, for over 3 years 7 CGIAR Centres CCAFS also engaged with national policy representing over 7 CRPs have established a CGIAR makers on climate risk management where Advisory Committee. Through this venue all CGIAR IFPRI provided leadership. Centres plus AVRDC and IFDC meet with our NARS  CCAFS’ RPL is responsible for ensuring and Ministry officials twice a year. We have met integration of CSA actions from site to twice in 2015 and will meet 2 times in 2016. All regional level, and for integrating activities of Bangladesh details for this integration as well as 4 CAC minutes different FPs, Centres, CRPs and partners are posted on the involved with CCAFS. All centres implementing (Craig http://gcard3.cgiar.org/national- CCAFS projects in Bangladesh are part of the Meisner, consultations/bangladesh/ Steering Committee for Site Integration. WorldFish)  CCAFS is actively participating in developing the Site Integration plan. Its CSV sites are also sites for FISH. Its policy work is harmonized with PIM.  CCAFS will also contribute towards jointly raising bilateral funds with the centres/CRPs for the thematic area. CCAFS will develop a funding strategy which will be shared with Site Integration coordinator and partners.  CCAFS Learning Platforms will prepare a brief annual workplan in December of the previous year for discussion with the Site Integration coordinators, other CRPs and partners. Agriculture is a significant source of livelihood for  In CRP phase 1, CCAFS did consultations with the Indian population. This contribution of Indian key stakeholders in the country to prioritize agriculture has been made possible by an research activities and sites for project exceptionally strong National Innovation System that implementation. CCAFS established CSVs in includes the Indian Council of Agricultural Research Bihar, Haryana, Punjab, Telangana, Karnataka, (ICAR), National and State science agencies and and Maharashtra where CIMMYT, IRRI, IFPRI, universities, a large NGO sector and a growing IWMI, and ICRISAT and 4 CRPs participated. private sector. CGIAR has a long presence and CCAFS also formalised an MOU with the lead history of collaboration in India, with ICRISAT NARS-ICAR to work together on CSA. headquartered in Hyderabad, Telangana State and  CCAFS’ RPL-SA is responsible for ensuring India most of the CGIAR Centers and CRPs having Regional integration of CSA actions from site to (Peter Centers and staff based in India. regional level, and for integrating activities of Carberry, different FPs, Centres, CRPs and partners ICRISAT) Each year, ICAR hosts an annual coordination involved with CCAFS and thus to also ensure meeting of all CGIAR Centers in India to consult on that CCAFS activities are integrated in ongoing and proposed research initiatives. The country’s Site Integration Plans. th annual meeting in 2016 was held on 19 January in  CCAFS is actively participating in developing New Delhi and attended by all CGIAR Centers the Site Integration plan. Its CSV sites are also (meeting minutes posted at sites for DCL, WHEAT and MAIZE. Its policy http://gcard3.cgiar.org/india/). In addition, ICAR also work is harmonized with PIM. hosts annual planning meetings with most CGIAR  CCAFS will also contribute towards jointly Centers during which joint research projects are raising bilateral funds with the centres/CRPs reviewed and planned. Hence, CGIAR research in for the thematic area. CCAFS will develop a India is already well coordinated with the main funding strategy which will be shared with 74 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS RPLs Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) [RPL]) research partner in India, ICAR. Site Integration coordinator and partners.  CCAFS Learning Platforms will prepare a brief Specifically, in developing the CRP Phase 2 Site annual workplan in December of the previous Integration Plan for India, a Steering Committee of year for discussion with the Site Integration th representative CGIAR leaders was formed on 19 coordinators, other CRPs and partners. January 2016 and held its first face-to-face meeting rd on 23 February 2016. A spreadsheet of current CGIAR research in India was created and these data have subsequently been mapped across all Indian States and agro-ecological zones. The SC agreed to a consultation process and the relative budget, contributions, agenda and local arrangements for this engagement. All Centers also contributed a 5- page description of their research in India. The Consultation Meeting was held March 2016. Over 100 CGIAR stakeholders participated to review current CGIAR research in India; comment on Phase 2 CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs) proposals and partnerships. The Steering Committee reviewed all comments and started developing a site integration plan to maximize synergies across CRPS and centers. The process of Site Integration in Nepal was initiated  In phase 1, CCAFS developed CSV field sites in November 2015 by organizing a meeting of all CGIAR Terai (Bardiya, Banke, Dang, Rupandehi, Centres working in Nepal. The Site Integration Nawalparasi, Morang and Mahotari) and Hill steering committee was formed (with one member (Lamjung, Kaski and Gorkha) of Nepal based from each CGIAR Centre). This included CIMMYT, on several rounds of consultation and IWMI, Bioversity, IFPRI, IRRI, CIFOR and ICARDA. engagement with key stakeholders. CCAFS was included in the subsequent meeting.  CCAFS’ RPL-SA is responsible for ensuring integration of CSA actions from site to Two meetings were held in December to share regional level, and for integrating activities of information on work being done by each Centre in different FPs, Centres, CRPs and partners Nepal and to plan for a stakeholder consultation involved with CCAFS. All centres implementing meeting which was organized in Kathmandu (Jan CCAFS projects in Nepal are a part of the 2016). Steering Committee for Site Integration.  CCAFS is actively participating in developing More than 60 participants, representing 34 national Nepal the Site Integration plan. Its policy work is institutions participated in the consultation meeting. (Arun Joshi, harmonized with PIM. A joint presentation on activities being undertaken CIMMYT;  CCAFS will also contribute towards jointly by all CGIAR Centres on various CRPs in Nepal was Sugden raising bilateral funds with the centres/CRPs presented and two discussion sessions were held. Fraser, IWMI) for the thematic area. CCAFS will develop a The first focused on better alignment of current funding strategy which will be shared with CGIAR research activities, whilst the second one on Site Integration coordinator and partners. targeting stakeholders’ needs. Opportunities for  CCAFS Learning Platforms will prepare a brief further alignment of CGIAR programs and CRP annual workplan in December of the previous integration were identified through shared goals, year for discussion with the Site Integration activities and increased partnerships. coordinators, other CRPs and partners Highlights included how to better align CGIAR work with national policy issues, demand for continued capacity building of local agricultural scientists, the development of stronger national databases, promoting local genetic resources and the need for research on both climatic and non-climatic stresses on agriculture. Ideas for new research avenues were also raised. 75 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS RPLs Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) [RPL]) A central point for collaboration will be the Agriculture Development Strategy (ADS 2015-2035) approved by Government of Nepal on 14th August, 2015. 76 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Define steps taken so far (March 2016) Define plan and schedule through which your Target to establish national level engagement CRP will provide relevant elements for Site country (site with other CRPs towards Site Integration Integration in this country (text from CCAFS RPLs Co-ordinator) (text from focal points, in some cases shortened) [RPL]) SOUTH EAST ASIA Nine CRPS and 10 Centres have participated in the  The CCAFS RPL represents IRRI, CCAFS and Site Integration. A national stakeholders’ RICE in the Core Group. The CCAFS RPL consultation workshop was organized in Dec 2015, integrates the different CCAFS activities in the with over 70 participants representing: 1) research region and within the country by providing institutes and government agencies, 2) universities, coordination and guidance to CCAFS project 3) NGOs-private sector agencies and associations, 4) leaders and by helping address some of the international organizations and donors, and 5) CGIAR research gaps. The CCAFS RPL is also often staff. designated to represent RICE in Vietnam, and interacts closely with country reps of RTB, Stakeholders agreed on an eco-regional framework Fish, FTA, Livestock, A4NH (who are also to facilitate in-country collaboration. The target involved in CCAFS projects). regions are: 1) Northwest, 2) Northeast, 3) Red river  The CSVs established in Phase 1 involved 3 delta, 4) North central coast, 5) Central highlands- Centers (4 CRPS –GRISP, FTA, RTB, PIM). south central coast and southeast, and 6) Mekong CCAFS projects in Vietnam involve 8 Centres river delta. In addition, CRPs with national and local (IRRI, CIAT, ICRAF, WorldFish, Bioversity, IFPRI, development plans were considered a key ILRI, CIP) with some Centres working together dimension of country collaboration. For each region, in particular projects. CCAFS provides a the stakeholders identified: 1) development platform by gathering information from other priorities as set by government policymakers/ Centres/CRPs and bringing them into CSA decision-makers, 2) key research gaps which are discussions with government of Vietnam. recommended for the CGIAR to address, and 3)  In Nov 2015 the Ministry of Agriculture and potential partners for specific research and Rural Development (MARD), Vietnam co- Vietnam development initiatives. organized with IRRI ( through CCAFS RPL) the 1st coordination MARD-CGIAR meeting (Dindo From Dec 2015 to March 2016, CRPs/Centres also participated by 9 Centres. Campilan, engaged in bilateral discussions on specific  CCAFS also participated actively in the CIAT) collaboration needs and opportunities. Several CRPs Vietnam Site Integration consultation also organized their respective country/regional meeting. In phase II, CCAFS will also planning and consultation events. participate in the planned joint annual review and planning at agro-ecological zone level. A follow-up meeting by the CGIAR Vietnam team  Each CCAFS Learning Platform will prepare a was held on 7 March, with 8 CRPs and 7 Centres brief annual workplan in Dec of the previous represented. The 8 participating CRPs re-confirmed year for discussion with the Site Integration that Vietnam is a target country for CRP II proposals. coordinators, other CRPs and partners. As next step, it was also agreed that subnational  The 3 current CSV sites of CCAFS have been targeting will be undertaken for higher-resolution identified possible Site Integration areas. In Site Integration plans, i.e. within each agro- the plan being drafted, the lead Centres in the ecoregion. A draft agenda for the 10-element Site 3 CSV sites (CIAT, ICRAF & IRRI) have been Integration report was prepared. identified as lead Centres in the eco-regions where the CSV sites are located.  CCAFS will contribute to the thematic and geographical database of CGIAR and partner projects.  Current resources will be applied to these actions. By Aug 2016, CCAFS will prepare a funding strategy for each of its target countries. This strategy will be shared with Site Integration coordinators and partners. 77 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes 3.7 Staffing of management team and flagship projects Program Management Committee Name: Bruce CAMPBELL Current position and affiliation: Director, CCAFS Profile: Dr. Bruce Campbell has degrees in Ecology from Cape Town (B.Sc. Hons.), Minnesota (M.Sc.) and Utrecht (Ph.D.), but has increasingly moved into inter-disciplinary work, championing new approaches to doing applied research on natural resource management. For two decades he focused on social-ecological systems in southern Africa, covering a spectrum of production systems (forestry, livestock, dryland and irrigated cropping), from small- scale (e.g. soil fertility management) to large-scale (e.g. deforestation analyses), and from biophysical and social science angles. Employment: 2011 – present Director, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), Copenhagen – Denmark 2009 – 2010 Director, CGIAR Challenge Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security, University of Copenhagen - Denmark 2007 – 2009 Director, Forests and Livelihoods Program, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor – Indonesia Adjunct Professor, School for Environmental Research, Charles Darwin University (CDU) 2004 – 2007 Director, School for Environmental Research, Charles Darwin University (CDU), Darwin - Australia Education:  Ph.D. (University of Utrecht) (1985)  M.Sc. (University of Minnesota) (1978) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Wise RM, Fazey I, Stafford Smith MD, Park SE, Eakin HC, Archer Van Garderen ERM, Campbell B. 2014. Reconceptualising adaptation to climate change as part of pathways of change and response. Global Environmental Change 28:325-336.  Campbell, B.M., Thornton, P., Zougmoré, R., van Asten, P. and Lipper, L. 2014. Sustainable intensification: What is its role in climate smart agriculture? Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 8: 39-43.  Lipper L, Thornton P, Campbell BM, Baedeker T, Braimoh A, Bwalya M, Caron P, Cattaneo A, Garrity D, Henry K, Hottle R, Jackson L, Jarvis A, Kossam F, Mann W, McCarthy N, Meybeck A, Neufeldt H, Remington T, Sen PT, Sessa R, Shula R, Tibu A, Torquebiau EF. 2014. Climate-smart agriculture for food security. Nature Climate Change 4:1068–1072.  Vermeulen, S.J., Campbell, B.M and Ingram, J.S.I. 2012. Climate Change and Food Systems. Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour. 37:195–222.  Sayer, J. & Campbell, B. 2004. The science of sustainable development: local livelihoods and the global environment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Awarded the CGIAR 2002 Prize for Outstanding Scientific Article  Member Scientific Steering Committee of the ICSU Program on Ecosystem Change and Society (PECS) (2009-)  Member of Panel of Scientific Advisors of The Global Diversity Foundation (2001-2005). Role in CCAFS: Director. Leadership of all aspects of the Program 78 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Andy JARVIS Current position and affiliation: FP2 Leader, CCAFS and Research Area Director, Decision and Policy Analysis, International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) Profile: Dr. Jarvis has 10 years’ experience of cutting edge scientific research in developing countries to support the goals of alleviating poverty and protecting essential ecosystem services of importance to humanity. In 2003 Dr. Jarvis won the Crop Science Society of America (CSSA) C-8 Genetic Resources award for best research paper stemming from his work on conservation prioritization research for wild peanuts in Latin America, and in 2009 received the prestigious Ebbe Nielsen award for innovative research in bioinformatics and biosystematics. Employment: 2011 – present Flagship 2 Leader, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security, Cali – Colombia 2012 - present Research Area Director, Decision and Policy Analysis, International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali – Colombia 2009 - 2010 Theme Leader, CGIAR Challenge Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security 2008 - 2011 Program Leader, Decision and Policy Analysis, International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali – Colombia 2004 - 2006 Post Doctoral Fellow, joint-position between CIAT and Bioversity International, housed in the Land Use Project of CIAT. Education:  Ph.D. – Department of Geography, King’s College, London, UK (2005)  M.S. – Department of Geography, King’s College, London, UK (2001) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Colin K. Khoury, Anne D. Bjorkman, Hannes Dempewolf, Julian Ramirez-Villegas, Luigi Guarino, Andy Jarvis, Loren H. Rieseberg and Paul C. Struik. 2014. Increasing homogeneity in global food supplies and the implications for food security. PNAS, 2014.  Lipper, L. Philip Thornton, Bruce M. Campbell, Tobias Baedeker, Ademola Braimoh, Martin Bwalya, Patrick Caron, Andrea Cattaneo, Dennis Garrity, Kevin Henry, Ryan Hottle, Louise Jackson, Andrew Jarvis, Fred Kossam, Wendy Mann, Nancy McCarthy, Alexandre Meybeck, Henry Neufeld, Tom Remington, Pham Thi Sen, Reuben Sessa, Reynolds Shula, Austin Tibu and Emmanuel F. Torquebiau. 2014. Climate-smart agriculture for food security. Nature Climate change 4: 1068–1072.  Vermeulen S J, Challinor A, Thornton P K, Campbell B M, Eriyagama N, Vervoort, J M, Kinyangi J, Jarvis A, Läderach P, Ramírez-Villegas J, Nicklin K J, Hawkins E, Smith D R. 2013. Addressing uncertainty in adaptation planning for agriculture. Proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the United States of America 110 (21): 8357-8362.  Jarvis, A., Ramirez-Villegas, J., Herrera Campo, B.V., and Navarro-Racines, C.E. 2012. Is Cassava the Answer to African Climate Change Adaptation? Tropical Plant Biology 5 (1): 9-29.  Series of Climate-Smart Agriculture Country profiles supported by the World Bank (Colombia, Argentina, Costa Rica, Mexico, Grenada, Peru, El Salvador) Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Director of the Decision and Policy Analysis research area in CIAT, and successfully grew the team from ~20 people in 2009 into a ~150 strong research area focused on diverse topics from market linkages, to ecosystem services to climate change challenges.  PI on several high profile projects, including leading a US$15m agreement with the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Colombia, a NERC-ESPA funded project on ecosystem services for food and nutritional security in the Amazon, and has successfully led for CCAFS a Theme/Flagship for 5 years.  Managed resources summing >US$20m per year, delivering a slew of development outcomes at both centre and CRP level, including big data in extension, inclusive business models, and influencing CSA investment. Role in CCAFS: Flagship 2 Leader 79 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Eva “Lini” WOLLENBERG Current position and affiliation: FP3 Leader, CCAFS and Research Associate Professor, Gund Institute for Ecological Economics and Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont. Profile: Dr. Wollenberg holds a PhD and MS in Wildland Resource Science from the University of California, Berkeley and has worked for more than 30 years on research and policy related to climate change mitigation, local governance, environment and rural livelihoods, community-based forest management, participatory action research and adaptive collaborative management Employment: 2011 – present Flagship 3 Leader, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security and Research Associate Professor, Gund Institute for Ecological Economics and Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont. 2009 – 2010 Theme Leader, CGIAR Challenge Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security 2007 – 2009 Director, Centre for Sustainable Agriculture, University of Vermont 1994 – 2007 Principle Scientist, Governance Program, Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). Bogor – Indonesia Education:  Ph.D. – Wildland Resource Science, University of California, Berkeley, US [1991]  M.S. – Wildland Resource Science, University of California, Berkeley, US [1986] Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Agrawal A, Wollenberg E, Persha L. 2014. Governing Agriculture-Forest Landscapes to Achieve Climate Change Mitigation. Lead article of special section. Global Environmental Change. 29: 270-280.  Ogle SM, Olander L, Wollenberg E, Rosenstock T, Tubiello FN, Paustian K, Buendia L, Nihart A, Smith P. 2014. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting agricultural management for climate change in developing countries: providing the basis for action. Global Change Biology. 20:1–6.  Neufeldt H, Jahn M, Campbell C, Beddington JR, DeClerck F, De Pinto A, Hellin J, Herrero M, Jarvis A, LeZaks D, Holger M, Rosenstock T, Scholes M, Scholes R, Vermeulen S, Wollenberg E, Zougmoré R. 2013. Beyond climate- smart agriculture – toward safe operating spaces for global food systems. Agriculture and Food Security. 2:12.  Newton P, Agrawal A, Wollenberg E. 2013. Enhancing the sustainability of commodity supply chains in tropical forest and agricultural landscapes. Global Environmental Change. 23:1761-1772.  Olander L, Wollenberg L., Tubiello FN, Herold M. 2013. Advancing agricultural greenhouse gas quantification. Environmental Research Letters. 8(1):011002. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Led and delivered CCAFS strategies for partnership and engagement globally, linking to major global partners  25 years of coordinating national and international programs and projects with up to 35 country teams per project and budgets > USD 10 million  Co-chairs and coordinates major partnerships including IFAD-CCAFS Learning Alliance on agriculture and climate change (co-investment USD 3.9 million) and World Business Council on Sustainable Development Partnership on Climate-Smart Agriculture Role in CCAFS: Flagship 3 Leader 80 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Pramod AGGARWAL Current position and affiliation: Regional Program Leader for South Asia, CCAFS Profile: Prof Aggarwal holds a Ph.D. from University of Indore and also from Wageningen University, Netherlands. His research contributions include developing the concept of climate-smart villages (CSVs), crop growth models for the tropical environments, impact assessment of climatic variability and climate change on crops, characterizing risks of yield loss for developing weather derivatives, adaptation strategies, inventories of greenhouse gases emissions, mitigation options, yield gap analysis, genotype by environment by management interactions, and crop yield monitoring systems. CSVs are now being replicated in more than 1500 villages in South Asia. His work on insurance has led to improved products with higher satisfaction of stakeholders and is being used by millions of farmers in India. Employment: 2010 – present Regional Program Leader for South Asia, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security. New Delhi - India 2007 – 2010 ICAR National Professor, Indian Agricultural Research Institute. New Delhi - India 2003 - 2007 Head of the Division of Environmental Sciences, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi- India Education:  Ph.D. – University of Indore, India (1983)  Ph.D. – Wageningen University, Netherlands (2000) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  S. Asseng, F. Ewert, P. Martre, R.P. Rötter, D.B. Lobell, D. Cammarano, B.A. Kimball, M.J. Ottman, G.W. Wall, J.W. White, M.P. Reynolds, P.D. Alderman, P.V.V. Prasad, P.K. Aggarwal, et al.. 2015. Rising temperatures reduce global wheat production. Nature Climate change. 5: 143-147.  Campbell, B., Kinyangi, J., Nersisyan, A., Leigh, RA, Dibb-Leigh, J.A., Zougmoré, RB, Seré, S. Aggarwal, P.K. & Hoefner, P. 2013. Perspectives: Legislating change: What should governments do to enhance sustainable agriculture and mitigate droughts?; Nature 501, S12–S14 (26 September 2013)  Aggarwal P, Zougmoré R and Kinyangi J. 2013. Climate-Smart Villages: A community approach to sustainable agricultural development. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). Available online at: www.ccafs.cgiar.org  Naresh Kumar, S., P. K. Aggarwal, Rani Saxena, Swaroopa Rani, Surabhi Jain and Nitin Chauhan. 2013. An assessment of regional vulnerability of rice to climate change in India. Climatic Change. 118:683–699.  Varshney RK, Bansal KC, Aggarwal PK, Datta SK, Craufurd PQ. 2011. Agricultural biotechnology for crop improvement in a variable climate: hope or hype? Trends Plant Sci.;16(7):363-71. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Coordinating Lead Author for the chapter ‘Food, fibre, and forest products’ of the Fourth Assessment Report (2007) of the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).  Awarded Ernestoilly Trieste Science Prize for the year 2009 by the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World (TWAS), Italy, ‘for the outstanding leadership and scientific contributions to the understanding the vulnerability of agriculture to climate change’  Coordinator of the Indian NARS’s Network on Global Climate Change and Indian Agriculture (2004-2010) Role in CCAFS: Regional Program Leader for South Asia 81 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Robert B. ZOUGMORE Current position and affiliation: Regional Program Leader for Africa, CCAFS Profile: Robert Zougmoré is an agronomist and soil scientist. He currently leads the CGIAR research program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) for the Africa Region. With 25 years of research experience, his major research covered soil and water management, runoff and soil erosion, land rehabilitation and integrated soil fertility management at plot and watershed levels. His current work focuses on the development of climate- smart agriculture technologies, practices, institutions and policies for better climate risk management in West Africa. He initiated the national science-policy dialogue platforms in the CCAFS pilot countries to stimulate knowledge exchange among key national stakeholders and also linked with the sub-regional actors such as ECOWAS to inform the setup of the regional CSA alliance in West Africa. Employment: 2010 – present Regional Program Leader for West Africa, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) 2009 – 2010 Senior officer, Expert in Environment at the Sahara and Sahel Observatory 2006 – 2009 Senior Researcher at the Department of Natural Resource Management & Production Systems, Institute for Environment & Agricultural Research, Burkina Faso 2004 – 2005 Post Doc JIRCAS-OKINAWA research fellowship program, Japan Education:  Ph.D. in Production Ecology & Resource Conservation, University of Wageningen, The Netherlands (2003)  Master degree, Pedology, Plant physiology, Rural economy and sociology, Agronomy, University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (1990) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Robert Zougmoré, Alain Sy Traoré and Yamar Mbodj (Eds.), 2015. Overview of the Scientific, Political and Financial Landscape of Climate-Smart Agriculture in West Africa. Working Paper No. 118. CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security. Available online at: www.ccafs.cgiar.org  Zougmoré R., Jalloh A., Tioro A., 2014. Climate-smart soil water and nutrient management options in semiarid West Africa: a review of evidence and analysis of stone bunds and zaï techniques. Agriculture & Food Security; 3:16.  Campbell, B.M., Thornton, P., Zougmoré, R., van Asten, P. and Lipper, L. 2014. Sustainable intensification: What is its role in climate smart agriculture? Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 8: 39-43.  Vom Brocke K., Trouche J., Weltzien E., Kondombo-Barro C.P., Sidibé A., Zougmoré R., Gozé E., 2014. Helping farmers adapt to climate and cropping system change through increased access to sorghum genetic resources adapted to prevalent sorghum cropping systems in Burkina Faso. Expl Agric.: 50(2): 284-305.  Bruce Campbell, James Kinyangi, Robert Zougmoré, Pramod Aggarwal, et al., 2013. Agriculture and Drought. Perspectives: Legislating change, Nature outlook 501, S12–S14 (26 September 2013). Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  1990 - 2008, Chief department of the research Program on Natural resources Management and farming systems at the Institute for Environment and Agricultural Research in Burkina Faso.  Board member of the African Conservation Tillage Network  1992 - 2004, Coordinator of the action research and participatory learning activities with farmers-based organizations involved in the IFAD and AfDB investment projects in Burkina Faso  1995 and 2001, Grantee of the International Foundation for Science for research projects  2005, awarded a medal “Chevalier de l’ordre des palmes académiques” from the government of Burkina Faso for my outstanding research work Role in CCAFS: Regional Program Leader for Africa 82 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Sophia HUYER Current position and affiliation: Gender and Social Inclusion Research Leader, CCAFS Profile: Before taking on her current position with CCAFS, Sophia Huyer was Executive Director of Women in Global Science and Technology – WISAT. She has been a leader in research and policy analysis on global gender equality issues relating to science, technology and sustainable development for over 20 years, including agriculture, climate change, energy and natural resources management. She has worked for major UN organizations such as UNESCO and UNCSTD, as well as a consultant to FAO, UN Women and UNDP. She was Director of GenderInSITE, Gender in science, innovation, technology and engineering, a global multistakeholder policy research program. Among other positions, she was also Senior Advisor to the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD), advisor to the FAO initiative on Reducing Women’s Work Burden and co-author of the resulting publication: Running Out of Time: The Reduction of Women’s Work Burden in Agricultural Production and author of the UNDP / Government of Macedonia report “Gender and Climate Change in Macedonia: Applying a Gender Lens to the Third National Communication on Climate Change”. Employment: 2015 – present Gender and Social Inclusion Research Leader, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security. 1998– 2015 Executive Director, Women in Global Science and Technology (WISAT) 2013-2015 Director, GenderInSITE – Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD) and The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) 2009 – 2013 Senior Advisor, Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World, (OWSD) Education:  Ph.D. Environmental Studies, York University, Toronto, Canada (2000)  M.A. History, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (1987) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Huyer, S., Ed.. (2016). Special Issue on Closing the Gender Gap in Agriculture in a Changing Climate. Gender, Technology and Development, 20 (2).  Huyer, S. (2016). Gender in International climate policy: An analysis of progress in gender equality at COP21. Info Note. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Programme.  Huyer, S. (2015). “Is the gender gap narrowing in science and engineering?”, in UNESCO Science Report 2015, Paris: UNESCO.  Huyer, S., Twyman, J., Koningstein, M., Ashby, J., & Vermeulen, S. (2015). Supporting women farmers in a changing climate: five policy lessons. Policy Brief. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Programme.  Co-author in Asfaw et al, (2015). Gender and CSA Module, Gender and Agriculture Sourcebook, FAO and World Bank. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Managed strategy, organizational development and fundraising for the Organization for Women in the Developing World (OWSD). Successful in obtaining a $10 mn grant.  Developed the concept for, successfully obtained an inaugural grant of $2mn, and managed GenderInSITE, a multistakeholder global program on Gender in science, innovation, technology and engineering  Leader of the WISAT program National Assessments on Gender and STI, a global policy research program managing studies in 12 countries to date with funding from the Elsevier Foundation and Sida. Wide media coverage, including Voice of America, Swedish Public Broadcasting Corp., CNN. The study in Mexico is co- sponsored by CONACYT, the national science research fund and will be launched at Gender Summit 8, April 29, 2016 in Mexico City.  Managed and raised funds ($1.2mn) for the second phase of operation of the Gender Advisory Board, UN Commission on Science and Technology for Development (UNCSTD) Role in CCAFS: Gender and Social Inclusion Research Leader 83 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Sonja VERMEULEN Current position and affiliation: Head of Research, CCAFS Proposed position: Leader of the Cross-Cutting Learning Platform on Partnerships and Capacity Development for Scaling Up Climate smart Agriculture Profile: Sonja Vermeulen works in the PMC on the CRP's strategy and delivery, synthesises across the work of the FPs and Regions, and leads policy engagement at the global level. Prior to this, Dr Vermeulen served as Director of the Program on Business and Sustainable Development at the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) and earlier in her career she worked in research and management positions in Zimbabwe. Trained as an ecologist, Dr Vermeulen’s work has spanned the natural and social sciences, across the fields of forestry, agriculture and natural resource management. Her career has bridged academic and applied research, with a strong focus on linking science with policy processes and private sector strategies. Employment: 2011 – 2016 Head of Research, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security 2010 – 2011 Deputy Director, CGIAR Challenge Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security 2007 – 2009 Director, Program on Business and Sustainable Development, International Institute for Environment and Development 2001 – 2007 Senior Researcher, Program on Forestry and Land Use, International Institute for Environment and Development Education:  Ph.D. in Ecology/Conservation Biology, Imperial College London (1999)  M.Sc. in Tropical Resource Ecology, University of Zimbabwe (1994) Selected recent peer-reviewed publications:  Rippke, U., Ramirez-Villegas, J., Jarvis, A., Vermeulen, S.J., Parker, L., Mer, F., Diekkrüger, B., Challinor, A.J. and Howden, M. 2016. Timescales of transformational climate change adaptation in Sub-Saharan African agriculture. Nature Climate Change.  Steenwerth, K.L., Hodson, A.K., Bloom, A.J., Carter, M.R., Cattaneo, A., Chartres, C.J., Hatfield, J.L., Henry, K., Hopmans, J.W. Horwath, W.R., Jenkins, B.M., Kebreab, E., Leemans, R., Lipper, L., Lubell, M.N., Msangi, S., Prabhu, R., Reynolds, M.P., Sandoval Solis, S., Sischo, W.M., Springborn, M., Tittonell, P., Vermeulen, S.J., Wheeler, S.M., Wollenberg, E.K., Jarvis, L.S. and Jackson, L.E. 2014. Climate-smart agriculture global research agenda: scientific basis for action. Agriculture & Food Security 3:11.  Garnett, T., Appleby, M.C., Blamford, A., Bateman, I.J., Benton, T.G., Bloomer, P., Burlingame, B., Dawkins, M., Dolan, L., Fraser, D., Herrero, M., Hoffmann, I., Smith, P., Thornton, P.K., Toulmin, C., Vermeulen, S.J. and Godfray, C.J. 2013. Sustainable intensification in agriculture: premises and policies. Science 341: 33-34.  Vermeulen, S.J., Challinor, A.J., Thornton, P.K., Campbell, B.M., Eriyagama, N., Vervoort, J., Kinyangi, J., Jarvis, A., Läderach, P., Ramirez-Villegas, J., Nicklin, K., Hawkins, E., and Smith, D.R. 2013. Addressing uncertainty in adaptation planning for agriculture. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110: 8357–8362.  Vermeulen, S.J., Campbell, B.M. and Ingram, J.S.I. 2012. Climate change and food systems. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 37: 195-222. Other evidence of leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Led and delivered CCAFS strategies for partnership and engagement globally, linking to major global partners  25 years of coordinating national and international programs and projects with up to 35 country teams per project and budgets > USD 10 million  Co-chairs and coordinates major partnerships including IFAD-CCAFS Learning Alliance on agriculture and climate change (co-investment USD 3.9 million) and World Business Council on Sustainable Development Partnership on Climate-Smart Agriculture Role in CCAFS: Learning Platform on Partnerships and Capacity Development for Scaling Up Climate smart Agriculture: Leader 84 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Other Members of Core Team Name: James HANSEN Current position and affiliation: CCAFS Flagship Leader: Climate Services and Safety Nets; Senior Research Scientist, International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI), Columbia University. Profile: Hansen is an Agricultural Systems Scientist with 20 years applied research experience on issues dealing with management of climate risk and use of climate information for agriculture and food security. His research focuses on finding practical, equitable and scalable solutions to the challenges of making smallholder livelihoods more resilient through climate services, climate-related insurance, and climate-informed food security management. His research contributions have included: the economics of risk and advance information in agriculture; integrating climate information with crop simulation; tailoring climate-related information to needs of agricultural decision- makers, participatory methods to communicate climate information with farmers; farm risk and sustainability analysis; spatial scaling in agroecosystem modeling; stochastic weather modeling; and modeling multiple cropping systems. Employment: 2010 - present CCAFS Theme/Flagship Leader, IRI, USA 2014 - present Senior Research Scientist, IRI, USA 2004 - 2014 Research Scientist, IRI, USA 1999 - 2004 Associate Research Scientist, IRI, USA Education:  1996, Ph.D., Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, USA  1989, M.S., Agronomy and Soil Science, University of Hawaii at Manoa, USA Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Greatrex, H., Hansen, J.W., Garvin, S., Diro, R., Blakeley, S., Le Guen, M., Rao, K.N., Osgood, D.E., 2015. Scaling up index insurance for smallholder farmers: Recent evidence and insights. CCAFS Report No. 14. CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). Copenhagen, Denmark. (Refereed report)  Zebiak, S.E., Orlove, B., Vaughan, C., Muñoz, A.G., Hansen, J.W., Troy, T., Thomson, M., Lustig, A., Garvin, S., 2014. Investigating El Niño-Southern Oscillation and society relationships. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change. 6(1):17-34.  Vermeulen, S.J., Aggarwal, P.K., Ainslie, A., Angelone, C., Campbell, B.M., Challinor, A.J., Hansen, J.W., Ingram, J.S.I., Jarvis, A., Kristjanson, P., Lau, C., Nelson, G.C., Thornton, P.K., Wollenberg, E., 2012. Options for support to agriculture and food security under climate change. Environmental Science and Policy 15:136-144.  Hansen, J.W., Mason, S., Sun, L., Tall, A., 2011. Review of seasonal climate forecasting for agriculture in sub- Saharan Africa. Experimental Agriculture 47:205-240.  Hansen, J.W., Mishra, A., Rao, K.P.C., Indeje, M., Ngugi, R.K., 2009. Potential value of GCM-based seasonal rainfall forecasts for maize management in semi-arid Kenya. Agricultural Systems 101:80-90. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Joint Editor-In-Chief, Agricultural Systems (2002-2010)  Member of the Leadership Group that developed the successful proposal for a CGIAR Global Challenge Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (2007-2008)  Delegate representing the Scientific and Technological Communities Major Group at the 16th and 17th sessions of the UN Commission on Sustainable Development (2008-2009) Role in CCAFS: Flagship 4 Leader 85 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Philip K THORNTON Current position and affiliation: FP1 Leader, CCAFS; Principal Scientist, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Profile: Leads Flagship 1 on “Priorities and policies for climate-smart agriculture” and previously the research theme on “Integration for Decision Making”. An Honorary Research Fellow in the School of Geosciences at the University of Edinburgh, and a CSIRO McMaster Research Fellow for 2015-2016. Over 30 years’ experience as a researcher and research leader in agricultural research for development organisations in the fields of farming systems research, agricultural economics, farm management, bio-economic modelling, impact assessment, and priority setting. Employment: 2014 - present Flagship 1 Leader, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security; Principal Scientist, ILRI 2010 - 2014 Theme Leader, "Integration for Decision Making", CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security; Principal Scientist, ILRI 2002 - 2009 Senior then Principal Scientist and consultant, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya 2000 – 2002 Programme Coordinator, Systems Analysis and Impact Assessment, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya. Education:  Ph.D. in Farm Management and Agricultural Economics, Lincoln College, New Zealand (1983).  BSc (Hons), Agricultural Systems, Reading University (1979). Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Thornton PK, Herrero M (2015). Adapting to climate change in the mixed crop-livestock farming systems in sub- Saharan Africa. Nature Climate Change 5, 830-836.  Perez C, Jones E, Kristjanson P, Cramer L, Thornton P K, Förch W, Barahona C (2015). How resilient are farming households, communities, men and women to a changing climate in Africa? Global Environmental Change 34, 95-107.  Förch W, Kristjanson PM, Cramer L, Barahona C, Thornton PK (2014). Back to baselines: Measuring change and sharing data. Agriculture and Food Security 3, 13.  Thornton PK, Ericksen PJ, Herrero M and Challinor A J (2014). Climate variability and vulnerability to climate change: a review. Global Change Biology 20 (11), 3313-3328.  Kristjanson PM, Harvey B, Van Epp M, Thornton PK (2014). Social learning and sustainable development. Nature Climate Change 4, 5-7. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Leadership and coordination of one of the four CCAFS theme / flagship areas since 2010 with many partners within and outside CGIAR, delivering a wide range of research outputs and outcomes.  Authorship contributions to recent global assessments (IIASTD, IPCC's Fourth and Fifth Assessment Reports).  Since 1993, leadership and coordination of interdisciplinary research teams and strategic development of project portfolios and funding support in multiple countries with different organisations. Role in CCAFS: Flagship 1 Leader 86 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Leocadio S. SEBASTIAN Current position and affiliation: Regional Program Leader for South East Asia, CCAFS Profile: Prior to joining CCAFS, Dr. Sebastian was Regional Director for Asia Pacific Region at Bioversity International (September 2008-August 2013) and Executive Director (2000-2008) of the Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice), where he strengthened and mobilized the national rice research and development network, enabling the Philippines to increase rice productivity and improve PhilRice’s stature as a premier knowledge-generating institution in Southeast Asia. His expertise in research and development management is internationally recognized due to his involvement in various international research networks, consortia, and review panels organized by the World Bank, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Crop Diversity Trust (GCDT), Rockefeller Foundation, the CGIAR, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), and the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). Leo has received the following prestigious awards in the Philippines: Ten Outstanding Young Men (TOYM) in 2001, Outstanding Young Scientist in Plant Breeding, Pantas (Sage) Award for Research Management and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Presidential Award. Employment: 2013 - present Regional Program Leader for South East Asia, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) 2008 - 2013 Regional Director for Asia Pacific Region, Bioversity International 2000 - 2008 Executive Director, PhilRice 1998 - 2000 Deputy Executive Director, PhilRice Education:  Ph.D. in Plant breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (1994)  M.S. Genetics, University of the Philippines, Los Banos (1987) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Tsuji K, Mohd Norfaizal G, Zulhairil A, Mohd Shukor M, Maya Izar K, Dulloo ME. and Sebastian LS. 2015 Genetic Diversity and Geographical Differentiation of Nipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) Populations in Peninsular Malaysia Based on AFLP. JARQ 50 (1), 49-56.  Ramirez M, Ortiz R, Taba S, Sebastian LS, Williams D, Ebert A, Vezina A. 2012. Demonstrating interdependence on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. In: Halewood M, Lopez NI, Louafi S, (Eds.). 2012. Crop Genetic Resources as a Global Commons: Challenges in International Law and Governance. Earthscan.  Sebastian LS, Chandrabalan D, Borromeo KH, Zhang Z, Mathur PN. 2011. Agrobiodiversity Conservation and Use in Asia, Pacific and Oceania region. FFTC Extension Bulletin.  Mamaril CP, Castillo M, Sebastian LS. 2009. Facts and Myths about Organic Fertilizers. PhilRice. Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines.  Sebastian LS, Payumo JG. 2008. NARES capacity in relation to international treaties and conventions on intellectual property rights, agricultural biotechnology, and plant genetic resources management. Asian Journal of Agricultural Development. 3:91-114. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Executive Director, PhilRice  Program Director, Hybrid Rice Commercialization Program, Flagship Program of the Philippine Government (2002-2004)  Team Leader, Philippine Rice R&D Network (2000-2008)  Project Director, JICA-PhilRice TCP 3, TCP4, TCP 5 (2000-2008) Role in CCAFS: Regional Program Leader for South East Asia 87 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Ana Maria LOBOGUERRERO RODRIGUEZ Current position and affiliation: Regional Program Leader for Latin America, CCAFS Profile: Dr. Ana María Loboguerrero Rodríguez is the leader of the Latin American program of the CGIAR Research Program for Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), based in Cali, Colombia. Dr. Loboguerrero has 7 years’ experience of working on climate change challenges. Previously, she worked in the research and the monetary and reserves departments of the Central Bank of Colombia, the research department of the Inter- American Development Bank and the Sustainable Environmental Development Deputy Directorate of the National Planning Department of Colombia as coordinator of climate change. While at the deputy directorate, Dr. Loboguerrero led the formulation of the Colombian Climate Change Policy, the National Adaptation Plan, the National Development Plan and the research agenda on climate change as well as coordinated technical support for the Colombian Low Carbon Growth Strategy. Dr. Loboguerrero has also worked as an external expert panel member of the evaluation of the Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO) work in climate change mitigation and adaptation. She was a lecturer of economics at UCLA and several universities in Colombia. She taught Economics of Climate Change at the University of Los Andes and supervised several undergraduate, masters and PhD dissertations. Employment: 2013 – present Regional Program Leader for Latin America, CCAFS, Colombia 2014 – 2015 External expert panel member for the evaluation of FAO’s work in climate change adaptation and mitigation, FAO, Colombia. 2009 – 2012 Climate Change Coordinator, Sustainable Environmental Development Deputy Directorate of the National Planning Department of Colombia, Colombia 2002 – 2004 Research Fellow, Research Department of the Inter-American Development Bank, Washington D.C. Education:  Ph.D., Economics, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), USA (2008)  Master of Arts, Economics, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), USA (2006) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Clarke L, McFarland J, Octaviano C, Van Ruijven B, Beach R, Daenzer K, Hernandez S, Lucena A, Kitous A, Labriet M, Loboguerrero Rodriguez AM, Mundra A, Van der Zwaan B. 2016. Long-term abatement potential and current policy trajectories in Latin American countries. Energy Economics.  Calderon S, Alvarez AC, Loboguerrero Rodriguez AM, Arango S, Calvin K, Kober T, Fisher-Vanden K, Daenzer K. 2015. Achieving CO2 reductions in Colombia: Effects of carbon taxes and abatement targets. Energy Economics.  Calvin K, Beach R, Gurgel A, Labriet M, Loboguerrero Rodriguez AM. 2015. Agriculture, forestry, and other land- use emissions in Latin America. Energy Economics.  Andrieu N, Pédelahore P, Howland F, Descheemaeker K, Vall E, Bonilla-Findji O, Corner C, Loboguerrero Rodriguez AM, Chia E. 2015. Chaptire 11. Exploitations agricoles climato-intelligentes? Études de cas au Burkina Faso et en Colombie in Changement climatique et agricultures du monde, Éditions Quae.  Loboguerrero Rodriguez AM, Uribe M. 2014. Chapter 5: Macroeconomic Analysis in Low-Carbon Development for Colombia. World Bank and National Planning Department. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  In 2011, Dr. Loboguerrero was selected to participate in the Fulbright Regional Network for Applied Research (NEXUS) Program with a project related to the Economics of Climate Change for Colombia.  While working at the National Planning Department of Colombia, Dr. Loboguerrero led an economic study that focus directly into moving ideas from laboratories to the marketplace in the climate change field and that was used to inform the Colombian Policy on Climate Change. Role in CCAFS: Regional Program Leader for Latin America Flagship 1 88 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Dr. Philip K Thornton – See “Other members of core team” Name: Joost VERVOORT Current position and affiliation: Senior Researcher, Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford Profile: Joost Vervoort is a senior researcher at the Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford. He leads a work package on scenario development in FP7 TRANSMANGO (2014-2017) on European food systems, and co- leads a work package in H2020 SUSFANS (2015-2019) which focuses on a modelling toolbox for policy on European food and nutrition security. Vervoort has a keen interest in combining scenarios and games for the exploration of strategies and policies – he is developing a scenario game for the Future Earth project ‘Seeds of a Good Anthropocene’. He has taught scenario methods at Oxford University (including training for high-level private sector executives as the Saïd Business School), Wageningen University, the University of Amsterdam, at Microsoft, and a range of design schools. Employment: 2011 - present Senior Researcher, Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, UK 2007 - 2011 PhD researcher at Land Dynamics group, Wageningen University, Netherlands June - Dec 2006 Research Assistant at Paleoecology Laboratory, Utrecht University Feb - June 2006 Consultancy/internship project at the Oxfordshire Woodland Project Education:  Ph.D. in Production Ecology and Resources Conversation, Wageningen University, The Netherlands, 2011  M.Sc. in Natural Resources Management, Utrecht University, 2006 Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Vervoort, J. M., P. K. Thornton, P. Kristjanson, W. Förch, P. J. Ericksen, K. Kok, J. S. I. Ingram, M. Herrero, A. Palazzo, A. E. S. Helfgott, A. Wilkinson, P. Havlík, D. Mason-D'Croz, and C. Jost. 2014. Challenges to scenario- guided adaptive action on food security under climate change. Global Environmental Change.  Vermeulen, S. J., A. J. Challinor, P. K. Thornton, B. M. Campbell, N. Eriyagama, J. M. Vervoort, J. Kinyangi, A. Jarvis, P. Läderach, J. Ramirez-Villegas, K. J. Nicklin, E. Hawkins, and D. R. Smith. 2013. Addressing uncertainty in adaptation planning for agriculture. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 110:8357-8362.  Chaudhury, M., J. Vervoort, P. Kristjanson, P. Ericksen, and A. Ainslie. 2013. Participatory scenarios as a tool to link science and policy on food security under climate change in East Africa. Regional Environmental Change 13:389-398.  Vervoort, J. M., K. Kok, P. J. Beers, R. Van Lammeren, and R. Janssen. 2012. Combining analytic and experiential communication in participatory scenario development. Landscape and Urban Planning 107:203-213.  Vervoort, J. M., K. Kok, R. van Lammeren, and T. Veldkamp. 2010. Stepping into futures: Exploring the potential of interactive media for participatory scenarios on social-ecological systems. Futures 42:604-616. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  2011 – present: Leader of the CCAFS Scenarios Project  2014 – present: Work package leader and management team member for FP7 TRANSMANGO  2015 – present: Work package co-leader for H2020 SUSFANS Role in this CRP: Leader of Scenarios activities and team 89 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Mario HERRERO Current position and affiliation: Chief Research Scientist and Office of the Chief Executive Science Leader in CSIRO's Agriculture Flagship Profile: Dr. Herrero has more than 20 years’ experience working on strategic agricultural R4D projects in Africa, Latin America, Asia and Europe. He works in the areas of agriculture, food security and global change, targeting agricultural investments in the developing world, sustainable development pathways for smallholder systems, ex- ante impact assessment, climate change (impacts, adaptation and mitigation), development of scenarios of livelihoods and nutrition futures, multi-scale integrated assessment, and others. He has experience working at different scales, from the animal and farm level to the country, regional and global levels. He has coordinated several global and regional integrated assessments initiatives such as the African Livestock Futures Report for the Office of the UN Special Representative on Food Security, and the CGIAR global assessment of food production systems, ecosystems services and human well-being to 2030. He has also contributed to numerous international assessments such as the IPCC 4th and 5th Assessment Reports, 2010 World Development Report, the 2007/2008 Human Development Report and the 2007 Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. Employment: 2013 – present Chief Research Scientist and Office of the Chief Executive Science Leader in CSIRO's Agriculture Flagship, Australia 2004 – 2012 Various management roles at the International Livestock Research Institute(2009 – 2012: Programme Manager, Sustainable Livestock Futures and Climate Change Programmes) 1999 – 2003 Joint appointment Scientist, Systems Analysis, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya and Senior Research Fellow, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh 1996 – 1999 Research Fellow, Institute of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland Education:  Ph.D., Ecology and Resource Management, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, 1998  MSc Tropical Animal Health And Production, University of Edinburgh, 1992 (Distinction) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Herrero, M., Henderson, B., Havlik, P., Thornton, P., Conant, R., Smith, P., Wirsenius, S., Hristov, A., Gerber, P., Gill, M., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Valin, H., Garnett, T., Stehfest, E. 2016. Greenhouse gas mitigation potentials in the livestock sector. Nature Climate Change.  Thornton, PK and Herrero, M. 2015. Adapting to climate change in the mixed crop-livestock farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa. Nature Climate Change 5: 830-836.  Herrero, M., Thornton, P.K., Bernués, A., Baltenweck, I., Vervoort, J., van de Steeg, J., Makokha, S., van Wijk, M.T., Karanja, S., Rufino, M.C., Staal, S.J. 2014. Exploring future changes in smallholder farming systems by linking socio-economic scenarios with regional and household models. Global Environmental Change 24, 165- 182.  Herrero, M., Havlík, P., Valin, H., Notenbaert, A., Rufino, M.C., Thornton, P.K., Blümmel, M., Weiss, F., Grace, D., Obersteiner, M. 2013. Biomass use, production, feed efficiencies, and greenhouse gas emissions from global livestock systems. PNAS 110 (52), 20888-20893. (+ dataset developed, updated and maintained)  Herrero, M., Thornton, P.K. 2013. Livestock and global change: Emerging issues for sustainable food systems. PNAS 110 (52), 20878-20881. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Member of the The Lancet Commission on Obesity, 2016 onwards  Member of the IPCC Mitigation Working Group AR4 and AR5  Member of the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP) Scenarios development team (SSP2) Role in CCAFS: Strategic partner 90 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Polly ERICKSEN Current position and affiliation: Program Leader, Livestock Systems and Environment, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Profile: Dr. Rosegrant has extensive experience in research and policy analysis in agriculture and economic development, with an emphasis on climate change, water resources and other natural resource and agricultural policy issues as they impact food security, rural livelihoods, and environmental sustainability. He currently directs research on climate change, water resources, sustainable land management, genetic resources and biotechnology, and agriculture and energy. Rosegrant developed IFPRI's International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade (IMPACT), and led the further development of IMPACT to include water supply and demand and climate change through linked crop models. IMPACT has been used widely for projections and scenarios for global and regional food demand, supply, trade and prices under climate change. He is the author or editor of 12 books and over 100 refereed papers in agricultural economics, water resources, and food policy analysis. Dr. Rosegrant has won numerous awards, such as Outstanding Journal Article (2008), Quality of Communications Award (2004), and Distinguished Policy Contribution Award (2002) awarded by the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association (formerly American Agricultural Economics Association); and Best Article Award (2005) from the International Water Resources Association. Dr. Rosegrant is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science; and a Fellow of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association. Employment: 2013 – present Program Leader, Livestock Systems and Environment, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya 2010 – 2013 Principal Scientist, Livestock Systems and Environment, ILRI, Nairobi Kenya 2005 - 2010 Senior Researcher, Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, UK 2003 - 2005 Research Scientist, International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI), Columbia University, New York, NY Education:  Ph.D. in Soil Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA (1998)  M.Sc. in Economics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA (1991) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Rosegrant, M.W. and S. Msangi. 2015. Consensus and Contention in the Food-Versus-Fuel Debate. Annual Review of Environmental Resources 39:271–94.  Rosegrant, M.W., R.E. Evenson, S. Msangi and T.B. Sulser. 2014. Agricultural Productivity and Child Mortality: The Impact of the Green Revolution. World Food Policy 1(1)1-24.  Rosegrant, Mark W.; Ringler, Claudia; Zhu, Tingju; Tokgoz, Simla; Bhandary, Prapti. Water and food in the bioeconomy. 2013. Challenges and opportunities for development. Agricultural Economics 44 (2013) supplement 139–150.  Robertson, R., G. Nelson, T. Thomas and M.W. Rosegrant. 2013. Incorporating process based crop simulation models into global economic analyses. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 95(2)228-235.  Rosegrant, M.W., S. Tokgoz, P. Bhandary. 2013. The New Normal? A tighter global agricultural supply and demand relation and its implications for food security. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 95(2)303- 309. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Leads ILRI’s Livestock Systems and Environment Programme, which includes over 40 staff in five countries with an annual budget of about USD 10 million.  Serves as ILRI’s focal point for CCAFS since 2012.  Served as ILRI’s focal point and regional coordinator ESA for Dryland Systems 2012 to 2015.  For GECAFS she led cross regional teams in food systems research (S. Asia, S. Africa and the Caribbean). Role in CCAFS: ILRI contact point for CCAFS 91 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Mark ROSEGRANT Current position and affiliation: Director, Environment and Production Technology Division at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Profile: Dr. Rosegrant has extensive experience in research and policy analysis in agriculture and economic development, with an emphasis on climate change, water resources and other natural resource and agricultural policy issues as they impact food security, rural livelihoods, and environmental sustainability. He currently directs research on climate change, water resources, sustainable land management, genetic resources and biotechnology, and agriculture and energy. Rosegrant developed IFPRI's International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade (IMPACT), and led the further development of IMPACT to include water supply and demand and climate change through linked crop models. IMPACT has been used widely for projections and scenarios for global and regional food demand, supply, trade and prices under climate change. He is the author or editor of 12 books and over 100 refereed papers in agricultural economics, water resources, and food policy analysis. Dr. Rosegrant is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science; and a Fellow of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association. Employment: 2003 – present Director, Environment and Production Technology Division, IFPRI 1991 – 2003 Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI 1980 – 1991 Research Fellow, IFPRI 1978 – 1980 Economist, Integrated Agricultural Production and Marketing Project, Ministry of Agriculture, Philippines Education:  Ph.D., Public Policy Studies (Economics and Political Science), University of Michigan (1978)  M.P.P., Public Policy Studies, University of Michigan (1974) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Rosegrant, Mark W.; Valmonte-Santos, Rowena; Thomas, Timothy S.; You, Liangzhi; and Chiang, Catherine A. 2015. Climate change, food security, and socioeconomic livelihood in Pacific Islands. Mandaluyong City, Philippines; and Washington, DC: Asian Development Bank (ADB); and International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).  Rosegrant, M.W. and S. Msangi. 2015. Consensus and Contention in the Food-Versus-Fuel Debate. Annual Review of Environmental Resources 39:271–94.  Rosegrant, Mark W. 2015. Global outlook for water scarcity, food security, and hydropower. In Handbook of water economics and institutions, ed. Kimberly Burnett, Richard Howitt, James A. Roumasset, and Christopher A. Wada. Chapter 1. New York, NY, USA: Routledge.  Thomas, Timothy S. and Rosegrant, Mark W. 2015. Climate change impact on key crops in Africa: Using crop models and general equilibrium models to bound the predictions. In Climate Change and Food Systems: Global assessments and implications for food security and trade, ed, Aziz Elbehri. Chapter 5, pp. 146 - 175. Rome, Italy: Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO).  Rosegrant, M.W., R.E. Evenson, S. Msangi and T.B. Sulser. 2014. Agricultural Productivity and Child Mortality: The Impact of the Green Revolution. World Food Policy 1(1)1-24. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Director of a research division with 80 staff, $22 million annual budget. Doubled the size and work program of the division within five years.  Project leader of multiple international research projects of $1 million or more.  Developer and manager of IMPACT model, a 20-year continuing program with total funding of more $15 million, which is a state of the art global agricultural modeling system. Analysis using this model has contributed to investment decisions by the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, and national governments. Role in CCAFS: Activity Leader 92 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Michael HALEWOOD Current position and affiliation: Leader of the ‘Genetic Resources Policies, Institutions and Monitoring’ group, Bioversity International Profile: Dr. Halewood has more than 20 years’ experience working in the field of genetic resources policy research with a focus on agricultural systems and innovation. His research currently addresses how policies and institutions effect the availability and use of crop diversity to adapt to climate change; options for national level implementation of international agreements on access and benefit sharing and climate change in ways that support the use of biological diversity for climate change adaptation; the impacts of current trends in public investment in and regulation of seed systems on the use of biological diversity and options for policy reform; and how social networks influence the diffusion and uptake of climate smart technology. Since joining Bioversity International in 2001, Michael has managed a number of large policy development and implementation projects in countries across Africa, Asia and South America. These projects work to achieve policy outcomes through i) establishing and establishing partnerships through multistakeholder policy actor teams linked to national policy development processes, ii) active participation in international policy-making fora including CBD, ITPGRFA, CGRFA. Michael is a co-editor of the ‘Issues in Agrobiodiversity’ book series published by Routledge (with 8 titles to date). Employment: 2001 – present Leader of the Genetic Resources Policies, Institutions and Monitoring group, Bioversity International, Rome, Italy 1997 – 2001 Coordinator, Crucible II Project, International Development Research Center (IDRC), Ottawa, Canada Education:  Doctor of Jurisprudence (D. Jur.), Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, Canada. Thesis: Common law Aboriginal knowledge protection rights: Promoting the right of Aboriginal people in Canada to restrict others’ use of their knowledge. 2005.  Bachelor of Laws (LLB). University of Toronto School of Law, Canada. 1991. Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Halewood M. (ed.). 2016. Farmers’ Varieties/Farmers’ Rights: Issues at the intersection of Taxonomy Agriculture and Law, Routledge, Oxon.  Galuzzi, G., Halewood, M., Lopez., I., Vernooy, R. Forthcoming. Twenty five years of international exchanges of plant genetic resources facilitated by the CGIAR genebanks: a case study on international interdependence. Accepted by Biodiversity and Conservation (BIOC).  Bedmar Villanueva, A., Halewood, M., López Noriega, I. 2015. Agricultural Biodiversity in climate change adaptation planning: an analysis of the National Adaptation Programs of Action. CCAFS Working Paper no. 95.  Halewood, M. (2014) International Efforts to Pool and Conserve Crop Genetic Resources in Times of Radical Legal Change. In: Cimoli, M., Dosi, G., Maskus, K.E., Okediji, R.L. Reichman, J.L. and Stiglitz J.E. (eds) Intellectual Property Rights: Legal and Economic Challenges for Development. Oxford University Press, Oxford.  Halewood M, Lopez Noriega I, Louadi S. (eds.). 2013. Crop genetic resources as a global commons: Challenges in international governance and law Routledge, Oxon. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Managed Genetic Resources Policy Initiative I, 2005-2009 (5 million USD)  Managed Genetic Resources Policy Initiative II, 2011-2015 (5 million USD)  Managed numerous smaller projects with partners in Asia, Africa and South America  Nominated as a facilitator of a “Friends of Co-Chairs” group with mandate to develop text for ongoing renegotiations of the ITPGRFA multilateral system of access and benefit-sharing. Role in CCAFS: Activity leader on research concerning the availability and use of plant genetic resources 93 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Petr HAVLIK Current position and affiliation: Senior Research Scholar, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Profile: At IIASA, Petr works in the Ecosystems Services and Management Program. He is the major developer of the global agricultural and forest sector economic model GLOBIOM, and currently leads a group of 20 economists and natural scientists who continue the development and implementation of the model. GLOBIOM is extensively used for designing solutions to satisfy the future needs of humanity in terms of food, fibre and fuel, climate change mitigation, and ecosystems services in general, within the limited resources of land and water under climate change. Petr is one of the main contributors to the land component of the new IPCC scenarios, and participates in global agriculture related foresight activities within European Commission funded research projects. He also contributes to regional foresight activities in collaboration with CCAFS. Employment: 2007 – present Senior Research Scholar, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Austria 2010 – 2012 Researcher, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Kenya (joint appointment with IIASA) 2007 – 2007 Research assistant, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), France Education:  Ph.D. in Business and Economics, University of Montpellier, France and the Mendel Univ. of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno (Czech Republic), 2006  Masters in Economics of Development of Agriculture, Agri-business and Rural Areas, Univ. of Montpellier, France, 2002 Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Havlík, P., D. Leclère, H. Valin, M. Herrero, E. Schmid, J-F Soussana, C. Müller and M. Obersteiner. (2015). Global climate change, food supply and livestock production systems: A bioeconomic analysis, In: Climate change and food systems: global assessments and implications for food security and trade, Aziz Elbehri (editor). Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, 2015.  Havlík, P., Valin, H., Herrero, M., Obersteiner, M., Schmid, E., Rufino, M.C., Mosnier, A., Thornton, P.K., Böttcher, H., Conant, R.T. Frank, S., Fritz, S., Fuss, S., Kraxner, F., Notenbaert, A. (2014). Climate change mitigation through livestock system transitions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 111: 3709-3714.  Cohn, A.S., Mosnier, A., Havlík, P.,Valin, H., Herrero, M., Schmid, E., O’Hare, M. and Obersteiner, M. (2014). Cattle ranching intensification in Brazil can reduce global greenhouse gas emissions by sparing land from deforestation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 111: 7236-7241.  Nelson, G.C., Valin, H., Sands, R.D., Havlík, P., Ahammad, H., Deryng, D., Elliott, J., Fujimori, S., et al. (2014). Climate change effects on agriculture: Economic responses to biophysical shocks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 111(9): 3274-3279.  Herrero, M., Havlík, P., Valin, H., Notenbaert, A., Rufino, M.C., Thornton, P.K., Bluemmel, M., Weiss, F., Grace, D. and Obersteiner, M. (2013). Biomass use, production, feed efficiencies, and greenhouse gas emissions from global livestock systems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 110(52): 20888-20893. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Steering Committee of the Energy Modeling Forum (EMF) 33 Project. The project gathers modelers from 20+ institutions with aim to better understand the global land use implications of high decarbonisation scenarios.  Principal Investigator at IIASA for the European Commission H2020 SUSFANS project with a total budget of €5.000.000 euros  Leader of a group of 20+ scientists with an annual budget of more than €1.5 million Role in CCAFS: Project Leader 94 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Lars Otto NAESS Current position and affiliation: Social Scientist, Institute of Development Studies (IDS) Profile: Dr Naess has 20 years professional experience on climate change, development and agriculture working in Tanzania, Kenya, Ethiopia, Malawi, Indonesia, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Brazil, Pakistan, India, and Nepal. Current research interests incl social and institutional dimensions of adaptation to climate change, the political economy of policy processes on climate change and agriculture at national and sub-national levels, the role of local knowledge for adaptation to climate change, and adaptation planning in the context of international development. Previous affiliations incl Centre for International Climate and Environmental Research-Oslo (CICERO), FAO, and the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia. Employment: 2008 – present Research Fellow, Resource Politics Cluster, Institute of Development Studies (IDS), UK. Team Leader, Climate Change Team (Oct 2012-Sept 2013). IDS convenor for the MSc course on Climate Change and Development (2011-present), Co-convenor, IDS MA Development studies (2009/10). 2013 – 2015 Associate Professor II (20%), Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric) at the Norwegian University of Life Sciences 2002 – 2008 Research Fellow, Center for International Climate & Environmental Research (CICERO), University of Oslo, Norway 1999 – 2002 Associate Professional Officer, UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Rome and Tanzania Country Officer Education:  Ph.D. in Environmental Sciences from the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK  Cand. Agric., Nature Conservation and Resource Economics, Agricultural University of Norway (now Norwegian University of Life Sciences), Norway, 1994 Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Naess LO, Newell P, Newsham A, Phillips J, Pueyo A, Quan J, Tanner T. 2015. Climate policy meets national development contexts: Insights from Kenya and Mozambique. Global Environmental Change 35: 534-544.  Quan J, Naess LO, Newsham A, Sitoe A, Fernandez MC. 2014. Carbon Forestry and Climate Compatible Development in Mozambique: A Political Economy Analysis, IDS Working Paper 448, Brighton: IDS  Okali C, Naess LO. 2013. Making sense of gender, climate change and agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa: Creating gender-responsive climate adaptation policy. Future Agricultures Consortium. IDS, Brighton.  Naess LO. 2013. The Role of Local Knowledge in Adaptation to Climate Change. WIREs Climate Change, 4: 99- 106.  Naess LO, Polack E, Chinsinga B. 2011. Bridging research and policy processes for climate change adaptation. IDS Bulletin 42(3): 97-103. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Adaptation Theme Leader, Ideas to Impact, DFID (from April 2014): This five-year programme will design and implement five innovation prizes to test whether prizes can be designed to achieve significant benefits for poor and marginalised communities.  Project co-manager and researcher, Political Economy of Climate Compatible Development, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, CDKN (March 2013 – March 2014): My role is as project co-manager reporting to CDKN, and lead researcher on the Mozambique case study.  Lead Consultant, Review of Research and Policy for Climate Change Adaptation on health, agriculture and urban areas, Sub-Saharan Africa, IDRC (December 2012 – September 2013): Leading peer review and synthesis of 12 regional reports on research-policy linkages in three sectors; urban areas, agriculture, and health; across four regions of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with the aim of helping to enhance the knowledge base and to support research-based policy formulation for climate change adaptation across the region. Role in CCAFS: Activity Leader 95 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Ruth MEINZEN-DICK Current position and affiliation: Senior Research Fellow at International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); Coordinator of the CGIAR System-wide Program on Collective Action and Property Rights (CAPRi). Profile: Ruth Meinzen-Dick has more than 25 years’ experience in the CGIAR, conducting and directing research on water policy, local organizations, property rights, gender, adoption of climate-smart agriculture and poverty impacts. She led the IFPRI Gender Task Force, co-leads IFPRI’s theme on Strengthening Institutions and Governance, and leads serves on the Management Committee of the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions and Markets. She has been involved in research in many other countries in Africa, Southeast Asia, and Latin America. Employment 1991 - present Senior Research Fellow, International Food Policy Research Institute 1989 - 1991 Post-Doctoral Fellow, International Food Policy Research Institute Education  PhD, Development Sociology, Cornell University, USA (1989)  MSc, Development Sociology, Cornell University, USA (1983) Selected recent peer-reviewed publications  Doss, C. and Meinzen-Dick, R. (2015). Collective action within the household: Insights from natural resource management. World Development.  Meinzen-Dick, R. (2014). Property rights and sustainable irrigation: A developing country perspective. Agricultural Water Management 145:23–31 .  Meinzen-Dick, R., C. Kovarik and A. Quisumbing. (2014). Gender and sustainability. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 39:29–55.  Doss, C., R. Meinzen-Dick and A. Bomuhangi. (2014). Who owns the land? Perspectives from rural Ugandans and implications for large-scale land acquisitions. Feminist Economics 20(1): 76-100.  Mwangi, E., H. Markelova, and R. Meinzen-Dick (Eds.) (2012). Collective action and property rights for poverty reduction: Insights from Africa and Asia. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Other evidence of leadership, large-program management and delivery  Gender, Agriculture and Assets Project I and II: $8 million total from Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, 2010- 2019  CGIAR Science Award for Outstanding Partnership awarded to CAPRi program, 2002  Co-developer of Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index Role in this CRP: Researcher involved in governance-related research activities 96 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Thom ACHTERBOSCH Current position and affiliation: Senior Researcher, LEI, Wageningen University and Research Centre Profile: Thom Achterbosch is senior researcher and leader of the research theme on economic assessment of food and nutrition security at LEI, the research institute for agricultural economics at WUR. He currently leads the project H2020 SUSFANS (2015-2019) which focuses on a modelling toolbox for policy on European food and nutrition security. The toolbox combines analytical tools from consumer studies, nutrition science, agricultural and institutional economics, and integrated assessment. He also co-leads the project FP7 FOODSECURE (2012-2017) on EU policies for global food and nutrition security. A development economist with a background in quantitative international economics and the humanities, Achterbosch is interested in the institutional fabric of food systems and the interplay of policy strategies and market developments with individual and household-level FNS outcomes. He has done consultancies for governments in The Netherlands, Indonesia and South Africa, for UNECA and World Bank. Employment: 2002 - present Senior Researcher and leader of the research theme on economic assessment of food and nutrition security, LEI, Wageningen University and Research Centre 2011 - 2012 Senior advisor for Europe, International Agri-Food Trade Policy Council, Washington DC, on secondment: organizing trade policy discussions (e.g. WTO public forum), editing IPC policy briefs 2000 - 2001 Researcher, Department of Economics, Stellenbosch University: economic analysis of the determinants of matriculation performance in secondary schooling in South Africa Education:  M.Sc in Development Economics (2000), Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands  BSc, Economics (1997), Erasmus University Rotterdam Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  M Rutten, T Achterbosch, I de Boer, J Cuaresma, M Geleijnse, P Havlík, T Heckelei, J Ingram, S Marette, H van Meijl, LG Soler, J Swinnen, P van ’t Veer & K Zimmermann. “Metrics, models and foresight for sustainable food and nutrition security in Europe.” Agricultural Systems, forthcoming.  Achterbosch TJ, van Dorp M, van Driel WF; Groot JJ, van der Lee J, Verhagen A, Bezlepkina I. 2014. The food puzzle: pathways to securing food for all. Wageningen: Wageningen UR. 72 p.  Achterbosch TJ, Bertelings H, van Berkum S, van Meijl JCM, Tabeau AA, Woltjer GB. 2014. The effects of bioenergy production on food security. In: Socio-economic impacts of bioenergy production, Rutz D, Janssen R (eds). New York: Springer.  P van Horne, T Achterbosch. Animal Welfare in Poultry Production Systems: Impact of EU Standards on World Trade. World Poultry Science Journal, Volume 64 (March 2008).  'Poverty Alleviation in the Horticulture Sector: Insights from Uganda and Vietnam.' In: W Hout (ed.) EU Development Policy and Poverty Reduction: Enhancing Effectiveness. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing (2005) (with D Eaton, A de Jager, G Meijerink, S van Wijk). Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Coordinator, SUSFANS – Metrics, models and foresight for European sustainable food and nutrition security. Design, acquisition, and oversight on the €5 million research program (2015-2019), 15 research partners, EU grant no. 633692 (H2020).  Deputy coordinator FOODSECURE – Interdisciplinary Research Project to Explore the Future of Food and Nutrition Security. Design, acquisition, and day-to-day management of €8 million research program (2012- 2017), 18 research partners in EU and global south, EU grant no. 290693 (7th framework program). Coordinator: Global food security: Scarcity and transition. Scientific and overall coordination of €6 million research program (2011-2014), grant KB-11 from Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs. Role in CCAFS: Co-leader of scenario-based policy guidance in six regions 97 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Flagship 2 Dr. Andy Jarvis – see under Program Management Committee Name: Andrew Juan CHALLINOR Current position and affiliation: CCAFS CoA 2.2 Joint Leader, Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science (ICAS), School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds. Profile: Professor Challinor led the NERC consortium End-to-end quantification of uncertainty for impacts prediction (EQUIP) and currently co-leads Flagship work on modeling work for crop breeding under the Climate- Smart Agricultural Practices Flagship of the CGIAR research program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). Professor Challinor’s work focusses principally on using climate modelling and process studies to understand food production and food security; treatments of uncertainty and managing risk; and climate-resilient pathways and adaptation. He is the co-creator and lead developer of the crop simulation model GLAM, which has over 300 registered users across the globe. Professor Challinor’s career goal is to contribute significantly to the knowledge and policy base for sustainably strengthening the food security and health of populations vulnerable to climate variability and change. He achieves this by working with experts in a range of disciplines, from epidemiologists and ecologists to social scientists and economists. He was also Lead Author on the ‘Food Production Systems and Food Security’ chapter of the Fifth Assessment report of the IPCC and has published over 70 publications. Employment: 2010 - present Professor of Climate Impacts, School of Earth and Environment, The University of Leeds, UK. 2010 - 2010 Reader, School of Earth and Environment, The University of Leeds, UK. 2007 - 2010 Lecturer, School of Earth and Environment, The University of Leeds, UK. 2005 - 2007 Senior Research Fellow, NCAS-Climate (formerly CGAM), The University of Reading, UK. Education:  Ph.D. in Meteorology and Forest Micro-Climate, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, UK (1996-1999)  B.Sc. Physics (European) Honours Class I, Department of Physics, University of Leeds, UK (1992-1996) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Challinor AJ; Watson J; Lobell DB; Howden SM; Smith DR; Chhetri N (2014) A meta-analysis of crop yield under climate change and adaptation, Nature Climate Change 4 (4) pages 287 – 291.  Challinor, A. J., Parkes, B. and Ramirez-Villegas, J. (2015), Crop yield response to climate change varies with cropping intensity. Global Change Biology.  Asseng, S., et al. (2015) Rising temperatures reduce global wheat production. Nature Climate Change 5, 143- 147. Authors 11+ placed in alphabetical order.  Iizumi T, Luo JJ, Challinor AJ, Sakurai G, Yokozawa M, Sakuma H, Brown ME, Yamagata T. (2014) Impacts of El Niño Southern Oscillation on the global yields of major crops, Nature Communications 5.  Challinor, A.J., Simlenton, E.S., Fraser, E.D.G., Hemming, D., and Collins, M. (2010) Increased crop failure due to climate change: assessing adaptation options using models and socio-economic data for wheat in China. Environ. Res. Lett. 5 (2010) 034012. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Lead Author for the UK Climate Change Risk Assessment 2017  Lead Author on the 'Food Production Systems and Food Security' chapter of the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC  PI on NERC consortium grant 2009-2014; End-to-end quantification of uncertainty for impacts prediction (EQUIP). Total value £1.4M Role in CCAFS: Co-leader on Flagship 2 98 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Annemarie GROOT Current position and affiliation: Researcher at Alterra, Wageningen UR, The Netherlands Profile: Annemarie Groot has worked for more than 18 years on international issues in Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, Egypt, Senegal, Burkina Faso, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh, China and multiple European countries. Major areas of expertise include CSA with focus on scaling CSA through business development, climate (adaptation) services and governance of climate change adaptation. Since 2015, she is activity leader of the CCAFS flagship project on Scaling Climate Smart Agriculture through business development. In the ongoing Euro-India collaborative project ‘Water4Crops’ she develops business models for waste water reuse technologies to support the Green Economy in Europe and India. She has extensive experience in the governance of climate change adaptation, including the development of enabling policy and institutional environments in Asia and Africa. Employment: 2008 – present Senior researcher, climate change adaptation and climate smart agriculture at Alterra, Wageningen UR, The Netherlands. 2003 – 2008 Specialist multi-stakeholder process management and participatory policy development in environmental issues, agriculture, spatial planning and rural development, Alterra Wageningen UR, The Netherlands. 1992 – 2003 University teacher/researcher at the Communication and Innovation department, Wageningen University, Wageningen UR, The Netherlands. 1988 – 1992 Agricultural Extension specialist for the Dutch International Development Organisation in the ‘Programme d'Exécution d'un Développement Integré’, Burkina Faso. Education:  PhD Social Science; thesis title 'Demystifying Facilitation of Multi-Actor Learning Processes' at the Department of Communication and Innovation Studies, Wageningen University, The Netherlands. (2002)  MSc Tropical Agriculture at the Department of Tropical Agriculture, Wageningen University, The Netherlands (1988) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications  Blom-Zandstra M. G, H. Korevaar, M. Stuiver & A. Groot. Critical success factors for governing farmer-managed public goods in rural areas in the Netherlands (2015). International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability.  Groot A.M., P.R. Bosch, S. Buijs, C.M.J. Jacobs and E.J. Moors (2014). Integration in urban climate adaptation: Lessons from Rotterdam on integration between scientific disciplines and integration between scientific and stakeholder knowledge, Building and Environment.  Bhadwal S, A. Groot, S. Balakrishnan, S. Ghosh, G.J. Lingaraj, C. Scheltinga, A. Bhave and C.Siderius (2013). Adaptation to changing water resource availability in Northern India with respect to Himalayan Glacier retreat and changing monsoons using participatory approaches Science of the Total Environment. Volumes 468–469, Supplement, 1 December 2013, Pages S152–S161.  Bhave, A., A. Mishra and A. Groot (2013) Sub-basin scale characterization 1 of climate change vulnerability, impacts and adaptation in an Indian river basin. Regional Environmental Change, February 2013.  González, A, Donnelly, A, Jones, M, Klostermann, J, Groot, A and M. Breil (2012). Community of Practice Approach to Developing Urban Sustainability Indicators. In: Journal of environmental assessment policy and management, vol.13, nr.4 - p. 591 - 617. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Initiator and organiser of the international masterclass ‘Green Finance Academy’ ,The Netherlands  Initiator /taskforce member of CSA@WUR  Coordinator of the Alterra’s strategic programme Green Climate Solutions  Work package leader /project leader multiple international projects Role in CCAFS: CoA leadership CoA 2.4 ‘Business models, incentives and innovative finance for scaling CSA up and out’ 99 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Julian RAMIREZ-VILLEGAS Current position and affiliation: Research Fellow, CCAFS Profile: Dr. Julian Ramirez-Villegas is a Research Fellow for F1 of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security since 2013. Before this, Julian was doing a PhD on climate change impacts and adaptation at University of Leeds funded by CCAFS; and prior to that he worked as a research assistant at CIAT for a few years. During his career, he has contributed to a broad range of research projects and has published a number of papers related to crop-climate modeling, climate change impacts, adaptation, and genetic resources conservation. Julian’s trajectory at CIAT and the University of Leeds has made him earn two best peer reviewed publication prizes (in 2013 at University of Leeds, and 2015 at CIAT), an innovation grant for young scientists (2014, CIAT), and an outstanding young scientist award (2010, CIAT). Employment: 2013 – present Research Fellow, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) 2013 – present Research Fellow, School of Earth and Environment, The University of Leeds, UK 2013 – present Research Fellow, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Colombia 2010 – 2013 Research Postgraduate, School of Earth and Environment, The University of Leeds, UK Education:  Ph.D. on Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, School of Earth and Environment, The University of Leeds, UK (2014)  B. Eng., Honours, Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Administration, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. (2008) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Rippke, U.*, Ramirez-Villegas, J.*, et al. Timescales of transformational adaptation in sub-Saharan African Agriculture. Nature Climate Change. *Authors contributed equally.  Ramirez-Villegas, J., Koehler, A.K., and Challinor, A. J. 2015. Assessing uncertainty and complexity in regional- scale crop model simulations. European Journal of Agronomy.  Ramirez-Villegas, J., Watson, J., and Challinor, A. J. 2015. Identifying traits for genotypic adaptation using crop models. Journal of Experimental Botany, 66(12): 3451-3462.  Ramirez-Villegas, J. and Khoury, C. K. 2013. Reconciling approaches to climate change adaptation for Colombian agriculture. Climatic Change, 119(3-4): 575-583  Ramirez-Villegas, J., Jarvis, A., and Laderach, P. 2013. Empirical approaches for assessing impacts of climate change on agriculture: the EcoCrop model and a case study with grain sorghum. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 121: 26-45. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Co-Investigator on the Embrapa-CIAT Target Population of Environments (TPE) project  Coordinator of Flagship 1 science activities in the period 2010–present, including planning, execution and reporting of various tools, peer-reviewed publications, and joint activities with CCAFS Flagship 1 Center-led projects.  Scientific leadership at CIAT for the Agricultural and Climate Modelling Team, with operating budget of 1M USD per year and 12 staff members. Role in CCAFS: Research Fellow 100 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Mangi Lal JAT Current position and affiliation: Senior Cropping Systems Agronomist & CIMMYT-CCAFS South Asia Coordinator, Sustainable Intensification Program (SIP), International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) Profile: Dr. Jat started his professional career in agricultural research in 1998 as Scientist (Agronomy) at Project Directoratefor Cropping Systems Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Meerut and served ICAR for 12 years as systems agronomist before joining CIMMYT and contributed immensely in developing, adapting and deploying modern agronomic management practices in major cropping systems. Joined CIMMYT’s Global Conservation Agriculture Program in 2009 and contributed to the development & deployment of Conservation Agriculture and Precision Agriculture based management technologies, climate smart agriculture practices (CSAPs) and capacity development to several thousand stakeholders across South Asia for linking science with society. He also endow several prestigious awards in his credit including NAAS fellowship 2015, Indian Society of Agronomy Fellow 2010, etc. His outstanding high impact search publications include over 200 reviewed journal articles, book chapter, manual etc Employment: 2012 - present Senior Cropping Systems Agronomist & CIMMYT-CCAFS South Asia Coordinator, Sustainable Intensification Program (SIP), International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) 2010 -2012 Senior Cropping Systems Agronomist, Delivery Coordinator, Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA), Global Conservation Agriculture Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) 2009 – 2010 Hub Coordinator, Haryana, Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA), Global Conservation Agriculture Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) 2007 – 2009 Senior Scientist (Agronomy), Directorate of Maize Research (DMR), ICAR, New Delhi, India Education:  Ph.D. in Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India (1999)  M.Sc. (Ag) Agronomy, Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India (1996) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Jat, ML; Dagar, JC; Sapkota, TB; Yadvinder-Singh, Govaerts, Bram Ridaura, SL; Saharawat, YS; Sharma, RK; Tetarwal, JP; Jat, RK; Hobbs, H and Stirling Clare. 2016. Climate Change and Agriculture: Adaptation Strategies and Mitigation Opportunities for Food Security in South Asia and Latin America. Advances in Agronomy, 137.  Powlson, DS; Stirling, CM; Thierfelder, C; White, RP and Jat, ML. 2016. Does conservation agriculture deliver climate change mitigation through soil carbon sequestration in tropical agro-ecosystems? Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment. 220: 164-174.  Aryal, JP; Bhatia, M; Jat, ML and Sidhu, HS. 2015. Impacts of Laser Land Leveling in Rice-Wheat Systems of the North-western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. Food Security. Published online on 7th May 2015.  Aryal, JP; Sapkota, TB; Jat, ML and Bishnoi, D. 2015. On-farm economic and environmental impact of zero- tillage wheat: a case of north-west India. Experimental Agriculture, 51: 1-16., Cambridge University Press 2014.  Powlson, DS; Stirling, CM; Jat, ML, Gerard, BG., Palm, CA; Sanchez, PA and Cassman, KG. 2014. Limited potential of no-till agriculture for climate change mitigation. Nature Climate Change, 4: 678-683. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Cluster of Activity(CoA) Leader for sustainable intensification flagship of Wheat CRP  Delivery Coordinator, (India-Pakistan), CIMMYT led bilateral project, Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA) , 2010-12 Role in CCAFS: Senior Cropping Systems Agronomist & CIMMYT-CCAFS South Asia Coordinator 101 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Julian F. GONSALVES Current position and affiliation: Senior Advisor, IIRR (Asia) Profile: Julian Gonsalves is an experienced facilitator, manager, action researcher and advocate with a three decade focus on smallholder agriculture, international agriculture and rural development. He is a proponent of participatory approaches. He has worked in more than 35 countries since his career in 1980. His special area of interest/competence include: program formulation/design, management, review and evaluation, external assessment, training design and evaluation on sustainable resource use and management, rural and agricultural research, climate-resilient livelihoods farmer-led extension; community-based natural resources management/community forestry; participatory development approaches; and integrated conservation development activities; strengthening institutional capacity and human resources development; designing development support communications (IEC) strategies; networking, advocacy and collaborative mechanisms for effective partnerships; documenting best practices through participatory workshops and approaches for scaling up impact of pilot program for research efforts. Julian Gonsalves has also pioneered the writeshop process and has since helped conceptualized or manage over 30 writeshops in over a dozen countries. Most of the early work of Julian has focused on regenerative agriculture approaches. Employment: 2000 - present Freelance Consultant, Reviewer, and Evaluator, Global 1992 - 2000 Vice President-Program, IIRR, Philippines 1984 - 1992 Director, Appropriate Technology Unit, IIRR, Philippines 1982 Research Associate, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Education:  Ph.D. in extension education and international agricultural and rural development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA (1984)  Masters degree in Communication (knowledge utilization program), Michigan State University, USA (1975) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Gonsalves, J. 2014. A new relevance and better prospects for wider uptake of social learning within the CGIAR. CCAFS Working Paper 37. CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), Copenhagen, Denmark.  Gonsalves, J. and P. Mohan. 2011. Strengthening Resilience in Post-Disaster Situations: Stories, Experience, and Lessons from South Asia. Academic Foundation and International Development Research Centre (IDRC), New Delhi, India.  Campilan, D., J. Roa and J. Gonsalves. 2009. Beyond the farmer and the farm: users’ perspectives and agricultural livelihoods. In: Farmer First Revisited (I. Scoones and J. Thompson eds). ITDG Publishing, Oxford, UK. 97-101.  Gonsalves, J., T. Becker, A. Braun, D. Campilan, H. de Chavez, E. Fajber, M. Kapiriri, J. Rivaca-Caminade and R. Vernooy (eds). 2005. Participatory Research and Development for Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resource Management: A Sourcebook. CIP-UPWARD, Los Baños, Philippines and IDRC, Ottawa, Canada. 3 volumes. 666pp.  Estrella, M., J. Blauert, D. Campilan, J. Gaventa, J. Gonsalves, I. Guijt, D. Johnson and R. Ricafort (eds). 1999. Learning from Change: Issues and Experiences in Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation. Intermediate Technology Publications, London, UK. 274pp. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Research and compilation of a source book on Climate Resilience Agriculture for CCAFs CIAT for Planners in Southeast Asia (2015-2016)  Senior advisor for CIP FoodStart Program (four countries) and IFAD support program on root and tuber crops in a changing climate (2016)  Produce a compilation on Community Resilience in Disaster Affected areas (this includes case studies from IDRC supported post tsunami work in Sri Lanka and India), and secondary sources of information (2009-2010) Role in CCAFS: IIRR focal point. Project leader, including contributing to the FP2 Learning Platform 102 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Jacob Van ETTEN Current position and affiliation: Component leader, Information services and seed supplies, Bioversity International Profile: Dr Jacob van Etten works as a senior scientist at Bioversity International since 2012. Before that he was professor, academic director and dean in biology and environmental studies at IE University in Madrid, Spain. He has also worked in the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). His work focuses on agriculture from a interdisciplinary geographical perspective. Employment: 2015 – present Component Leader, Information Services and Seed Supplies, Bioversity International 2012 - 2014 Theme Leader, Climate adaptation, Bioversity International 2009 - 2011 Associate Professor, IE University, Madrid/Segovia, Spain 2008 - 2009 Postdoctoral Fellow, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines Education:  Ph.D. in Social sciences and Production Ecology and Resource Conservation, Wageningen University, Netherlands (2006)  MSc, Tropical land use, Wageningen University (2001) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Ulrichs, M., Cannon, T., van Etten, J., et al. (2015). Assessing climate change vulnerability and its effects on food security: Testing a new toolkit in Tanzania. CCAFS Working Paper.  Brush, S. B., Bellon, M. R., Hijmans, R. J., Orozco, R. Q., Perales, H. R., & van Etten, J. (2015). Assessing maize genetic erosion. PNAS, 112(1), E1.  Harvey, C. A., et al. (2014). Climate‐Smart Landscapes: Opportunities and Challenges for Integrating Adaptation and Mitigation in Tropical Agriculture. Conservation Letters, 7(2), 77-90.  van Etten, J. 2011. Crowdsourcing crop improvement in Sub-Saharan Africa: a proposal for a scalable and inclusive approach to food security. IDS Bulletin 42(4) 102-110.  Fuller, D.Q., J. van Etten, Y.I. Sato, C. Castillo, L. Qin, A.R. Weisskopf, E.J. Kingwell-Banham, J. Song, and S.M. Ahn. 2010. The contribution of rice agriculture and livestock pastoralism to prehistoric methane levels: an archaeological assessment. The Holocene, 21: 743-759. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  At IRRI, Dr Van Etten led a project activity on geo-referencing of all CGIAR genebank accession with lacking geographical coordinates, facilitating use of these data for climatic analyses (2009)  At IE University, Dr Van Etten led the design and implementation of a new international Master programme on Environmental Management. It obtained the best academic scores of all Master programmes at IE University and IE Business School in 2011. Role in CCAFS: CCAFS Contact Point for Bioversity International 103 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Mark LUNDY Current position and affiliation: Senior Researcher and Theme Leader, Linking Farmers to Markets, International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, CIAT Profile: Mark Lundy is a Senior Scientist at CIAT. His focus is on the role of markets in reducing rural poverty and includes topics such as learning networks to increase NGO and farmer capacities for enterprise development, exploring how private companies can better partner with smallholder farmers, the role of public and donor agencies in supporting better market linkages and how to establish and sustain effective trading relationships between buyers and smallholder farmers that add business value while reducing rural poverty. Emerging areas of work include sustainable food systems and climate adapted value chains. Mr. Lundy’s recent work has focused on how to move from the identification of climate risks to effective mechanisms for scaling CSA practices through value chain institutions. Employment: 2012 – present Senior Researcher and Theme Leader, Linking Farmers to Markets, International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, CIAT, Colombia 2002 - 2012 Researcher, Rural Agroenterprise Development Project, International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, CIAT, Colombia 1999 - 2002 Research Fellow, Rural Agroenterprise Development Project, International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, CIAT, Colombia 1995 - 1999 General Manager, Corporación para el Desarrollo de Versalles, Versalles, Colombia Education:  M.Sc. in Community and Regional Planning, University of Texas at Austin, USA  M.A. in Latin American Studies, University of Texas at Austin, USA Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Lundy, M., Amrein, A., Hurtado, JJH., Bexc., G., Zamierowski, N., Rodriguez, F., Mosquera, EE. 2014. LINK Methodology: A Participatory Guide on Business Models that Link Smallholders to Markets, Second edition. International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, CIAT, Cali, Colombia.  Lundy, M., Bexc, G., Rodriguez Camayo, F., Oberthur, T. 2012. Business models for quality coffee. In T. Oberthur, P. Läderach, H.A. J. Pohlan and J. Cock (eds.) Specialty Coffee: Managing Quality. International Plant Nutrition Institute, Southeast Asia Program, Penang, Malaysia.  Díaz Nieto J, Fisher M, Cook S, Läderach P, Lundy M. 2012. Weather Indices for Designing Micro-Insurance Products for Small-Holder Farmers in the Tropics. PLoS ONE 7(6): e38281.  Lundy, M., Gottret, M.V., Best, R. 2012. Linking Research and Development Actors through Learning Alliances. In World Bank (eds.) Agricultural Innovation Systems: A Sourcebook. World Bank, Washington, DC, USA.  Faminow, M.D.; Carter,S.E.; Lundy, M. 2009. Social entrepreneurship and learning: The case of the Central American learning alliance. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship: 14 (4): pages 433-450. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Lead researcher on the Climate Smart Value Chains project (CCAFS) and the Learning Community for Unlocking Private Sector Investment in CSA (USAID) active in West Africa, East Africa, and Central America.  Lead for CIAT market access work globally and Focal Point for CIAT in the Policies, Institutions and Markets Collaborative Research Program. Directly responsible for managing research programming in Latin America, Eastern Africa and South-east Asia worth approximately US$ 2.3 m annually  Lead author of the LINK Methodology for inclusive business that is currently being applied by international NGOs in Latin America, Africa and Asia, used in program evaluation by the World Bank and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Colombia and adapted as the global buyers guide for smallholder sourcing by Unilever. Role in CCAFS: Project leader, including contributing to CoA 2.4 104 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Todd S. ROSENSTOCK Current position and affiliation: Environmental Scientist, World Agroforestry Centre Profile: Dr. Todd Rosenstock is Environmental Scientist at the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). Before this, he was an ICRAF Research Fellow focused on Climate Change Mitigation and Land Health. He sits on the Steering Committee for the Alliance for Climate-Smart Agriculture in Africa and participates in the Integrated Planning and Monitoring Sub-group of the Global Alliance for Climate-Smart Agriculture’s Knowledge Action Group. He is a member of the Editorial Board of the journal Global Change Biology. His research contributions include evaluating the scientific basis for climate-smart agriculture, targeting climate- smart agricultural responses under multiple uncertainties, methods for measurement and monitoring greenhouse gas emissions and removals in smallholder farming systems, developing mitigation strategies in complex systems, and inventories of greenhouse gases emissions. His work on climate-smart agriculture is helping set the global research and development agendas on the topic. Employment: 2013 – present Environmental Scientist, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya. 2011- 2012 Research Fellow, The World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya. 2009- 2011 Postdoctoral Fellow, Agricultural Sustainability Institute, UC Davis, USA. 2006- 2008 Graduate Student Researcher, Depts. Plant Sciences, UC Davis, USA. Education:  Ph.D. in Agroecology, University of California, Davis, USA (2008)  M.S. in International Agricultural Development, University of California, Davis, USA (2006) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Kimaro, AA, M Mpanda, J Rioux, S Shaba, E Aynekulu, K Karttunen, H Neufeldt and TS Rosenstock. 2015. Is conservation agriculture ‘climate-smart’ for maize farmers in the highlands of Tanzania? Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems.  Rosenstock, TS, M Mpanda, J Rioux, E Betemariam, A Kimaro, H Neufeldt, K Shepherd, and E Luedeling. Targeting conservation agriculture in the context of livelihoods and landscapes. 2014. Agriculture, Ecosystems, & the Environment, 187:47-51.  Rosenstock, TS, K Tully, C Arias-Navarro, H Neufeldt, K Butterball-Bach, and L Verchot. 2014. Agroforestry with N2-fixing trees: sustainable development’s friend or foe? Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 6: 15- 21.  Ogle, SM, L Olander, L Wollenberg, TS Rosenstock, F Tubiello, K Paustian, L Buendia, A Nihart, and P Smith. 2013. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting agricultural management for climate change in developing countries: providing the basis for action. Global Change Biology, 10:1-6.  Rosenstock TS et al. (eds) in press. Guidelines to quantify greenhouse gas emissions and removals and identify climate change mitigation options in smallholder farming systems at whole-farms and landscape levels. Springer. 10 chapter volume. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Led and delivered on cross-CCAFS low emissions development initiative including nine centres called SAMPLES (Standard Assessment of Mitigation Potential and Livelihoods in Smallholder Systems).  Co-Leads the CCAFS Flagship Project ‘Partnership for Scaling Climate-Smart Agriculture (P4S)’ that engages major political and civil society partners throughout Africa and globally. He sits on the Steering Committee for the ACSAA and participates in the Integrated Planning and Monitoring Sub-group of the GACSA Knowledge Action Group.  Recently awarded a grant from the Innovative Metrics for Agriculture and Nutrition Action for low-cost monitoring of nutrition outcomes during the scaling up of climate-smart agriculture in Africa. Role in CCAFS: Leader of the Flagship Project Partnerships for Scaling Climate-Smart Agriculture 105 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Flagship 3 Dr. Eva “Lini” Wollenberg – see under Program Management Committee Name: Alessandro (Alex) de PINTO Current position and affiliation: Senior Research Fellow, Environment and Production Technology Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Profile: Dr. Alex De Pinto is an environmental and natural resource economist with 20 years of experience working in economically depressed areas. His research focuses on land-use management and economic spatial analysis and uses a series of modeling techniques that make it possible to simulate location-specific effects of policy changes and their consequent environmental effects. Employment: 2009 – present Senior Research Fellow, Environment and Production Technology Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington DC, USA 2004 – 2009 Assistant Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, University of Redlands, CA, USA. 2002 – 2004 Lecturer in Economics and Director, Environmental Resource Management Program. California State University Bakersfield, CA, USA Education:  University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Science. Ph.D., area of specialization: Policy and Environmental Economics (2004)  Overseas Agronomic Institute, Florence, Italy M.S. (Equivalent): "Remote Sensing and Natural Resource Valuation" (1995) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  De Pinto, A., Haruna, A., Li, M., Hyman, G., Creamer, B., Kwon, H., Brayan Valencia Garcia, J., Tapasco, J., David Martinez, J. 2016: "Low Emission Development Strategies in Agriculture. An Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses (AFOLU) Perspective." World Development. Forthcoming.  Li M, De Pinto A, Ulimwengo J, You L, Robertson R. 2015. Modeling Land-use Allocation with Mixed-level Data: An Econometric Analysis for the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Environment and Resource Economics. 60:433–469.  Neufeldt H, Jahn M, Campbell BM, Beddington JR, DeClerck F, De Pinto A, Gulledge J, Hellin J, Herrero M, Jarvis A, LeZaks D, Meinke H, Rosenstock T, Scholes M, Scholes R, Vermeulen S, Wollenberg E, Zougmoré R 2013. Beyond climate-smart agriculture: toward safe operating spaces for global food systems. Agriculture & Food Security. 2:12.  De Pinto A, Robertson R. 2013. Adoption of Climate Change Mitigation Practices by Risk-averse Farmers in the Ashanti Region, Ghana. Ecological Economics. Vol 86.  Bryan E, De Pinto A, Ringler C, Asuming-Brempong S, Bendaoud M, Artur, Givá N, Anh DT, Mai NN, Asenso- Okyere K, Sarpong DB, El-Harizi K, van Rheenen T, Ferguson J. 2012. Institutions for agricultural mitigation: potential and challenges in four countries. CAPRi Working Paper 107. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Led the Low Emission Development Strategies project leading reams of researchers in four countries. Results of the project contributed to the formulation of official policies and the Independent Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) in Colombia.  7 years of coordinating international research projects in 8 countries with an average budgets greater than $1 million.  20 year experience working in economically depressed areas and leading research project with significant repercussion on land use management. Role in CCAFS: IFPRI focal contact point for CCAFS 106 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Klaus BUTTERBACH-BAHL Current position and affiliation: Principal Scientist, Livestock Systems and the Environment, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Head of Department “BioGeoChemical Cycles”, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU) Profile: Dr. Klaus Butterbach-Bahl works as principal scientist in the Livestock Systems and Environment group of the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI). He has a joined appointment with the Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, where he is head of the Bio-Geo-Chemical Cycles Department. He has gained more than two decades of work experience researching biosphere-atmosphere exchange processes of climate-relevant trace gases as affected by environmental changes and anthropogenic management. He has been the principal investigator on a significant number of national and international research projects and has published approximately 200 research papers in peer-reviewed journals. At ILRI he works on the establishment of environmental footprints of agricultural production systems, using both modelling and field experiments. Key foci are quantifying greenhouse gas emissions associated with livestock production and developing and testing feasible mitigation strategies in the context of smallholder livestock production systems. Given his background, he also focuses on inventorying agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, including emissions from upland croplands and rice paddies and national- and regional- scale emissions that use GIS-coupled biogeochemical and empirical modelling approaches. Employment: 2013 - present Principal Scientist, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), joined appointment with IMK-IFU 2008 - present Head of Department, “BioGeoChemical Cycles” at IMK-IFU 1998 - present Group leader, “Regionalisation of biogenic trace gases” at IMK-IFU 1993 - present Scientist at IMK-IFU Education:  Habilitation and Venia Legendi, University of Freiburg, Germany (2002)  Dr. rer. Nat. in Biology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (1992) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Weller S, Janz B, Jörg L, Kraus D, Racela HSU, Wassmann R, Butterbach-Bahl K, Kiese R, 2016, Greenhouse gas emissions and global warming potential of traditional and diversified tropical rice rotation systems. Global Change Biol. 22, 432-448.  Barton L, Wolf B, Rowlings D, Scheer C, Kiese R, Grace P, Stefanova K, Butterbach-Bahl K, 2015, Sampling frequency affects estimates of annual nitrous oxide fluxes. Scientific Reports 5, 16912.  Zhou M, Zhu B, Brüggemann N, Wang X, Zheng X, Butterbach-Bahl K, 2015, Nitrous oxide and methane emissions from a subtropical rice–rapeseed rotation system in China: A 3-year field case study. Agricultural Ecosystems and Environment 212, 297-309.  Zhou M, Butterbach-Bahl K, 2014, Assessment of nitrate leaching loss on a yield-scaled basis from maize and wheat cropping systems. Plant Soil 374, 997-991.  Butterbach-Bahl K, Baggs EM, Dannenmann M, Kiese R, Zechmeister-Boltenstern S, 2013 Nitrous oxide emissions from soils: how well do we understand the processes and their controls? Phil Trans R Soc B 368, 20130122. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Led several EU and German Science Research Group projects with total budgets >10 Mio €uro  Schrödinger Prize of the Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft and the Helmholtz Society (2013), Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky Medal 2014 of the European Geosciences Union for exceptional contributions to biogeosciences in general Role in CCAFS: Scientist 107 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Christopher MARTIUS Current position and affiliation: Team Leader Climate Change, Bioenergy and Low-Carbon Development, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor, Indonesia Profile: Dr. Martius has 25 years of leadership experience in in development research, climate change, dryland agriculture, and tropical biology. He has a PhD in Biology (University of Göttingen, Germany) with a specialisation in ecology. He is also a lecturer (professor - Privatdozent) in Agroecology at the University of Bonn, Germany, where he is teaching in the Mater Course “Nature Protection and Landscape Management” and where he has supervised 30 PhD students. Employment: 2013 - present Principal Scientist Climate Change, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor, Indonesia 2012 - 2013 Senior Fellow, Center for Development Research (ZEF) Bonn, Germany; also Visiting Professor, Indo-German Center for Sustainability (IGCS), Chennai, India 2009 - 2011 Assistant Director, Science Programs, Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), São José dos Campos, Brazil 2008 - 2009 Head of CGIAR Program Facilitation Unit (PFU), and Regional Coordinator, ICARDA (International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas), CGIAR Program for Sustainable Agriculture in Central Asia and the Caucasus, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Education:  Ph.D. in Biology, University of Göttingen, Germany (1989)  Habilitation in Agroecology, University of Bonn, Germany (2003) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Conrad, C., Lamers, J.P.A., Ibragimov, N., Löw, F., Martius, C. (2016): Analysing irrigated crop rotation patterns in arid Uzbekistan by the means of remote sensing: A case study on post-Soviet agricultural land use. Journal of Arid Environments 124, 150–159.  Siebers, N., C. Martius, A.G. Bandeira, M.V.B. Garcia, K.-U. Eckhardt, P. Leinweber, W. Amelung (2015): Origin and alteration of organic matter in termite mounds from different feeding guilds of the Amazon rainforests. PLOS1, 10(4).  Awan, U.K., B. Tischbein, C. Martius (2015): Simulating Groundwater Dynamics Using Feflow-3D Groundwater model under complex irrigation and drainage network of dryland ecosystems of Central Asia. Irrigation and Drainage 64(2), 283–296.  Devkota, M., Gupta, R.K., Martius, C., Lamers, J.P.A., Devkota, K.P., Sayre, K.D., Vlek, P.L.G. (2015): Soil salinity management on raised beds with different furrow irrigation modes in salt-affected lands. Agricultural Water Management 152, 243–250.  Martius, C., I. Rudenko, J.P.A. Lamers, P.L.G. Vlek (Eds., 2012): Cotton, water, salts and Soums - economic and ecological restructuring in Khorezm, Uzbekistan. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. 426 pp. ISBN 978-94- 007-1962-0 / doi 10.1007/978-94-007-1963-7_7. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  2013-today: Coordination and management of the Forests and Climate Change FP in the CGIAR Research Program Forests, Trees and Agroforestry. Coordinating climate change mitigation and adaptation research at CIFOR (an annual portfolio of US$ 20 million).  2008-2009: CGIAR Program for Sustainable Agriculture in Central Asia and the Caucasus, Tashkent, Uzbekistan: Coordinating the CGIAR’s and specifically ICARDA’s research activities in eight countries in Central Asia and the Caucasus.2008 received CGIAR King Baudouin Science Award for Outstanding Partnership for the CGIAR Program for Central Asia and the Caucasus  2000-2010: Coordinator, ZEF research project on sustainable landscape management in irrigated cropland of the Aral Sea Basin, cf. http://www.zef.de/khorezm.0.html Role in CCAFS: CIFOR focal point for CCAFS 108 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Henry NEUFELDT Current position and affiliation: Head of the Climate Change Unit at the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Profile: Dr. Henry Neufeldt is head of the Climate Change Unit at ICRAF in Nairobi, Kenya. After his PhD on indicators of sustainable soil management in the Cerrado region of Brazil, he first worked as a consultant on questions related to soil and water salinization in the Chaco region of Paraguay and then at the Institute for Energy and Environment in Leipzig, Germany on modeling policy interventions on greenhouse gas emissions and farm economics at regional scales. He also worked as a research coordinator at the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research at the University of East Anglia in Norwich, where he directed the European Commission's flagship project called Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies: Supporting European Climate Policy (ADAM). Dr. Neufeldt now focuses on climate impacts, adaptation, mitigation, food security, land cover change and sustainable development in the context of agroforestry systems and climate policies. He is an advisor on agriculture, forestry, and other land use (AFOLU) climate bonds to the Climate Bond Initiative. Over the past ten years, Dr. Neufeldt has published more than 90 articles, book chapters or books, with over 40 of these in peer-reviewed articles published in international journals. Employment: 2009 – present Head of the Climate Change Unit at the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya 2006 – 2009 Senior Research Coordinator at the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK 2001 – 2006 Senior Scientist and Project Manager at the Institute for Energy and Environment, Leipzig, Germany 2000 – 2001 System Consultant at ALICE Software Service, Düsseldorf, Germany Education:  Ph.D. in Environmental Sciences and Soil Science, Bayreuth University, Germany (1998)  M.Sc. in Environmental Sciences at the University of Bayreuth, Germany (1992) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Neufeldt H, Kissinger G, Alcamo J. 2015. No-till agriculture and climate change mitigation. Nature Climate Change 5 488-489.  Neufeldt H, Pacheco P, Ojha HR, Ayeri Ogalleh S, Donovan J, Fuchs L, Kleinschmit D, Kristjanson P, Kowero G, Oeba VO, Powell B. 2015. Public Sector, Private Sector and Socio-Cultural Response Options. In: B Vira, C Wildburger, S Mansourian (eds.), Forests, Trees and Landscapes for Food Security and Nutrition. A Global Assessment Report. IUFRO World Series Volume 33. Vienna. p.129-153.  Lipper L, Thornton P, Campbell BM, Baedeker T, Braimoh A, Bwalya M, Caron P, Cattaneo A, Garrity D, Henry K, Hottle R, Jackson L, Jarvis A, Kossam F, Mann W, McCarthy N, Meybeck A, Neufeldt H, Remington T, Thi Sen P, Sessa R, Shula R, Tibu A, Torquebiau EF, 2014. Climate-smart agriculture for food security. Nature Climate Change. 4, 1068-1072.  Neufeldt H, Adhya TK, Coulibaly JY, Kissinger G, Pan G. 2013. Bridging the gap I: Policies for reducing emissions from agriculture. In: UNEP 2013 (ed), The Emissions Gap Report 2013. United Nations Environment Program, Nairobi.  Neufeldt H, Jahn M, Campbell BM, Beddington JR, DeClerck F, De Pinto A, Gulledge J, Hellin J, Herrero M, Jarvis A, LeZaks D, Meinke H, Rosenstock T, Scholes M, Scholes R, Vermeulen S, Wollenberg E, Zougmoré R. 2013. Beyond climate-smart agriculture – toward safe operating spaces for global food systems. Agriculture and Food Security 2:12. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Lead EU FP6 flagship project on adaptation and mitigation policies (ADAM)  Lead the GEF funded Carbon Benefits Project (CBP)  Lead the High Value Carbon Development project (BIODEV)  CoA co-lead for WLE on City Region Food Systems and technical advisor to the AFOLU Climate Bonds Initiative Role in CCAFS: ICRAF focal point for CCAFS 109 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Pablo PACHECO Current position and affiliation: Principal Scientist, Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Profile: Dr. Pablo Pacheco has an interdisciplinary background, and has a leading role at CIFOR on research and policy engagement with emphasis on the governance arrangements for sustainable commodity supply, market and investments shaping landscape transformation and people’s livelihoods in the tropics, and government and private sector responses, including voluntary system standards, to manage impacts and trade-offs. He has over 20 years of experience on scientific research to support the goals of natural resources management, alleviating poverty and promoting rural development, and supporting land and landscape management with improved governance and institutional arrangements. His work emphasizes tropical developing countries in Latin America and Southeast Asia. His main research areas include the implications of trade and investment for forests and people, landscapes and agrarian change, forests and landscape governance, and institutions for natural resources management. Employment: 2005 - present Principal Scientist, Forests and Governance Portfolio, Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor, Indonesia. Team Leader 'Value Chains, Finance and Investments’. 2002 - 2004 Long term consultant, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Belem, Brazil. 1999 - 2001 Research assistant, Graduate School of Geography. Clark University, MA, USA. 1993 - 1996 Scientist, Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA), La Paz, Bolivia Education:  Ph.D. in Geography, Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, MA, USA [2005]  M.Sc. in Agricultural Economics, Bolivian Catholic University (UCB), La Paz, Bolivia [1996] Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Pacheco, P. and J.H. Benatti. 2015. Tenure security and land appropriation under changing environmental governance in lowland Bolivia and Pará. Forests 6: 464-491.  Pacheco, P. and R. Poccard-Chapuis. 2015. Cattle ranching development in the Brazilian Amazon: Looking at long-term trends to explore the transition towards sustainable beef cattle production. In J. Emel and N. Harvey (eds). The political ecologies of meat, London and New York, Routledge, Earthscan. pp. 42-66.  Godar, J., T. A. Gardner, E. Jorge Tizado and P. Pacheco. 2014. Actor-specific contributions to the deforestation slowdown in the Brazilian Amazon. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 111(43): 15591-15596.  Pokorny, B. and P. Pacheco. 2014. Money from and for forests: A critical reflection on the feasibility of market approaches for the conservation of Amazonian forests. Journal of Rural Studies, 36:441-452.  Pacheco, P. and R. Poccard-Chapuis. 2012. The complex evolution of cattle ranching development amid market integration and policy shifts in the Brazilian Amazon. Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 102(6): 1366-1390. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  [2011- present] Team Leader at CIFOR of theme "Value Chains, Finance and Investment".  [2011-present] Coordinator of Flagship 5 “Global Governance, Trade and Investment” under FTA. Working in South America, Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa with emphasis on governance systems and arrangements shaping commodity supply, and implication of markets and investments.  [2014-2015] Coordinates a network to understand the drivers, dynamics and outcomes of oil palm development in Indonesia, Malaysia, Cameroon, Nigeria, Peru, Colombia and Brazil. Role in CCAFS: Contributing CoA 3.3 and coordinates Flagship 3 on sustainable value chains under FTA 110 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Idulpulati RAO Current position and affiliation: Principal Scientist, Plant Nutrition/Physiology, Agrobiodiversity Research Area CIAT Profile: Dr. Idupulapati Rao is a plant nutritionist and physiologist with the tropical forages and bean programs in the agrobiodiversity research area of the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), based in Cali, Colombia. He worked for about 10 years at the University of Illinois and the University of California before joining CIAT in 1989. He has been working at CIAT for the past 26 years and has contributed to the development of abiotic stress (soils and climate)-adapted tropical forages and common bean germplasm options for sustainable intensification of crop-livestock systems in the tropics. He has been the principal investigator on several international research projects and has published 155 journal articles and 50 book chapters. He won the outstanding principal staff award from CIAT in 2000 and outstanding research publication awards in 1999, 2003 and 2009. He was also part of the CIAT team that won the excellence in science award from the CGIAR for outstanding partnership in 2001. Employment: 1989 – present Plant Nutritionist/Physiologist, Agrobiodiversity Research Area, International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia 1984 – 1989 Assistant Specialist, University of California, Berkeley, USA 1982 – 1984 Research Associate, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA 1981 – 1982 Research Associate, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA Education:  Ph.D. Plant Physiology, Sri Venkateswara University, India (1978)  M. Sc. Botany, Bhopal University, India (1973) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Rao IM, Peters M, Castro A, Schultze-Kraft R, White D, et al. 2015. LivestockPlus – The sustainable intensification of forage-based systems to improve livelihoods and ecosystem services in the tropics. Tropical Grasslands–Forrajes Tropicales. 3: 59-82.  Rao IM. 2014. Advances in improving adaptation of common bean and Brachiaria forage grasses to abiotic stresses in the tropics. In: M. Pessarakli (ed). Handbook of Plant and Crop Physiology, Third Edition. pp. 847- 889. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, USA.  Subbarao GV, Rao IM, Nakahara K, Sahrawat KL, Hash CT, Ando Y, Kawashima T. 2013. Potential for biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) to reduce nitrification and N2O emissions from pasture-crop-livestock systems. Animal. 7s2: 322-332.  Peters M, Rao I,Fisher M, Subbarao G, Martens S, Herrero M, van der Hoek R, Schultze-Kraft R, Miles J, Castro A, Graefe S, Tiemann T, Ayarza M, Hyman G. 2013. Tropical forage-based systems to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. In: C. H. Hershey and P. Neate (Eds.) Eco-Efficiency: From Vision to Reality. pp. 171-190, CIAT, Cali, Colombia.  McClean P, Burridge J, Beebe S, Rao I, Porch T. 2011. Crop improvement in the era of climate change: An integrated multi-disciplinary approach for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Functional Plant Biology. 38: 927-933. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  2015-2018 LivestockPlus: Supporting low emissions development planning in the Latin American cattle sector. CCAFS-CGIAR Research Program.  2012-2016 Innovative programmatic approach to climate change in support of BecA’s mission: Climate-smart Brachiaria grasses for improving livestock production in East Africa. Sida, Sweden.  2012-2015 Climate-smart crop-livestock systems for smallholders in the tropics: Integration of new forage hybrids to intensify agriculture and to mitigate climate change through regulation of nitrification in soil. BMZ- GIZ, Germany. Role in CCAFS: Lead work on reducing emissions from livestock in Colombia and Costa Rica 111 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Clare STIRLING Current position and affiliation: Senior Scientist, Global Conservation Agriculture Program, CIMMYT Profile: Dr Stirling has over 20 years of experience working in the area of agricultural crop and native species responses to climate change, both as a researcher and research manager. She has held positions as a senior research manager in natural resource management and climate change for the UK Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board, where she sat on a number of high-level committees including the UK agriculture industry’s Greenhouse Gas Action Plan. Previously, Dr. Stirling worked for several years in Photosynthesis Productivity at Essex University and whilst a lecturer there ran a MSc course called Crops in a Changing Environment. She also held research positions in crop physiology at ICRISAT in Patancheru, India; in ecophysiology with the climate change group at the UK’s Natural Environment Research Council’s Centre of Ecology and Hydrology, and was principle investigator on several long-term research projects funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) Plant Sciences Research Program on smallholder intercropping systems in Asia whilst at the University of Bangor. Dr. Stirling has published over 50 articles, book chapters or books, including over 30 in peer-reviewed articles published in international journals. Employment: 2012 - present Senior Scientist, Sustainable Intensification Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico City 20010 - 2012 Research Manager, Natural Resources and Climate Change, UK Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board. 2008 – 2010 PI and research management, University of Bangor, Wales, UK 2003 - 2010 Research scientist, Climate Change Group, Centre of Ecology and Hydrology, Bangor, Wales, U.K. Education:  Ph.D. - Department of Agriculture at Sutton Bonington, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom (UK) [1988]  Hons B.Sc. - Department of Agriculture at Sutton Bonington, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom (UK) [1983] Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Powlson, D.S., Stirling, CM., Thierfelder, C., White, RP and Jat, ML. 2016. Does conservation agriculture deliver climate change mitigation through soil carbon sequestration in tropical agro-ecosystems? Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 220 (2016) 164–174.  Farnworth, C.R., Baudron, F., Andersson, J.A., Misiko, M., Badstu, L., and Stirling, C.M. (2016). Gender and conservation agriculture in East and Southern Africa: towards a research agenda. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 14 142-165.  Powlson DS, Stirling CM, Jat ML, Gerard BG, Palm CA, Sanchez PA, Cassman KG. 2015. Reply to 'No-till agriculture and climate change mitigation'. Nature Climate Change. 5(6):489.  Bellarby J, Stirling C, Vetter SH, Kassie M, Kanampiu F, Sonder K, Smith P, Hillier J. 2014. Identifying secure and low carbon food production practices: A case study in Kenya and Ethiopia. Agriculture, Ecosystems and the Environment. 197:137-146.  Powlson DS, Stirling CM, Jat ML, Gerard BG, Palm CA, Sanchez PA, Cassman KG. 2014. No-till agriculture and climate change mitigation. Nature Climate Change. 4(8):678-683. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Lecturer and course manager of MSc ‘Crop Production in a changing climate’ University of Essex, U.K.  Represented the interests of the UK cereal industry on various research committees in the UK including NERC and DEFRA.  Member of the steering group of the UK agriculture industry’s Greenhouse Gas Action Plan. Role in CCAFS: CIMMYT focal point for CCAFS and leads global work on nitrogen for FP3 112 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Theun VELLINGA Current position and affiliation: Senior Researcher in Livestock Systems, Wageningen University and Research Centre Profile: As senior researcher, Theun Vellinga has 30 years of experience in agricultural research, including foci on grassland management, grazing, environmental impacts, modelling farming systems, life cycle assessments, feed chain analysis and manure management. He is experienced in cooperation with policy-makers, farmers and industry and is skilled in developing solutions to apply developed knowledge in practical tools for stakeholders. Employment: 2010 – 2016 Senior researcher, Wageningen UR Livestock Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands 2009 – 2010 Lead consultant, Food and Agriculture organisation of the UN, Rome, Italy 2007 – 2008 Senior researcher, Wageningen UR Livestock Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands 2003 – 2007 Team leader, Service for land and water management, Groningen, the Netherlands Education:  Ph.D. Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, the Netherlands (2006)  M.Sc. Grassland Science, Wageningen University, the Netherlands (1985) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  van Middelaar, C. E., C. Cederberg, T. V. Vellinga, H. M. G. van der Werf and I. J. M. de Boer (2013). "Exploring variability in methods and data sensitivity in carbon footprints of feed ingredients." International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 18(4): 768-782.  De Boer, I. J. M., I. E. Hoving, T. V. Vellinga, G. W. J. Van de Ven, P. A. Leffelaar and P. J. Gerber (2013). "Assessing environmental impacts associated with freshwater consumption along the life cycle of animal products: the case of Dutch milk production in Noord-Brabant." International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 18(1): 193-203.  Powell, J. M., M. MacLeod, T. V. Vellinga, C. Opio, A. Falcucci, G. Tempio, H. Steinfeld and P. Gerber (2013). "Feed-milk-manure nitrogen relationships in global dairy production systems." Livestock Science 152(2-3): 261- 272.  Ripoll-Bosch, R., I. J. M. de Boer, A. Bernues and T. V. Vellinga (2013). "Accounting for multi-functionality of sheep farming in the carbon footprint of lamb: A comparison of three contrasting Mediterranean systems." Agricultural Systems 116: 60-68.  Schils, R. L. M., J. Eriksen, S. F. Ledgard, T. V. Vellinga, P. J. Kuikman, J. Luo, S. O. Petersen and G. L. Velthof (2013). "Strategies to mitigate nitrous oxide emissions from herbivore production systems." Animal 7: 29-40. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Project leader of FeedPrint, a feed chain analysis for the feed sector in the Netherlands. Delivered a tool that was the basis for the LEAP Guidelines for animal feeds supply chains and the international Feed LCA institute (in development).  Project leader of the Livestock and Manure Management Component, funded by the CCAC, an international project focussing on awareness creation, knowledge transfer and policy development regarding manure management and the co benefits between mitigating methane emissions and improving food security.  Consultant in greenhouse gas emissions of the livestock sector, a FAO led research program. Development of the combination of the LCA and GIS methodologies: a global assessment tool for GHG emissions from livestock. Tool developer, analyst and coordinator of data collection. Role CCAFS: Lead work in the dairy sector in Indonesia 113 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Reiner WASSMANN Current position and affiliation: Senior Scientist and Climate Change Specialist; International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) Profile: Dr. Reiner Wassmann is the Coordinator of Climate Change Research at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). He is also affiliated with the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany), where he holds a permanent position as Senior Scientist with several delegations to work at IRRI. Dr. Wassmann has been working on climate change research since 1987 and has focused on rice production systems since 1991. His initial research addressed GHG emissions and mitigation, his current portfolio covers a wide range of aspects related to rice systems, including both mitigation and adaptation. Geographically his current research is concentrated on Southeast Asia. Dr. Wassman was a lead author of the revised IPCC Guidelines, National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Guidelines: Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use, published in 2007. Employment: 2006 – present Senior Scientist and Climate Change Specialist; International Rice Research Institute (IRRI); Los Baños, Philippines 2000 - 2006 Scientist, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany 1991 - 1999 Scientist, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI); Los Baños, Philippines 1987 - 1991 Scientist, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany Education:  Ph.D. in Biology, University of Goettingen, Germany (1987)  M.Sc. in Biology, University of Goettingen, Germany (1982) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Sander BO, Wassmann R. 2014. Common Practices for Manual Greenhouse Gas Sampling in Rice Production: A Literature Study on Sampling Modalities of the Closed Chamber Method. Greenhouse Gas Measurement and Management. 4:1-13.  Zhang T, Zhu J, Wassmann R. 2010. Responses of rice yields to recent climate change in China: An empirical assessment based on long-term observations at different spatial scales (1981–2005). Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 150:1128–1137.  Wassmann R, Jagadish SVK, Heuer S, G, Ismail, Redoña E, Serraj R, Singh RK, Howell A, Pathak H, Sumfleth K. 2009. Climate Change Affecting Rice Production: The Physiological and Agronomic Basis for Possible Adaptation Strategies. Advances in Agronomy. 101:59-122.  Wassmann R, Jagadish SVK, Sumfleth K, Pathak H, Howell G, Ismail A, Serraj R, Redoña E, Singh RK, Heuer S. 2009. Regional vulnerability of climate change impacts on Asian rice production and scope for adaptation. Advances in Agronomy. 102:91-133.  Gadde B, Menke C, Wassmann R. 2009. Rice straw as a renewable energy source in India, Thailand, and the Philippines: Overall potential and limitations for energy contribution and greenhouse gas mitigation. Biomass and Bioenergy. 33:1532–1546. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Working on Climate Change Issues since 1987, with research focus on rice production and climate change since 1991. Member of the Editorial Board of Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems since 2005.  Coordinated extensive projects on methane emissions and possible mitigation strategies in rice production at IRRI including an Asia-wide network from 1993-1999 and IRRI’s work on Climate Change mitigation, adaptation and impact assessment since 2006. Current coordinator of the Rice and Climate Change Consortium  Co-author of the revised IPCC Guidelines: "National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Guidelines: Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use” (2004-2006) Role in CCAFS: CCAFS focal point for IRRI 114 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Flagship 4 Dr. James Hansen – see “Other members of core team” Name: Pierre C. Sibiry TRAORE Current position and affiliation: Senior Scientist in Remote Sensing, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Profile: Mr. Traoré specializes in climate change science, remote sensing, systems modeling, spatial analysis applied to agro-ecological intensification with smallholders. With 20 years of scientific experience focused on physical geography and remote sensing, he develops smallholder agricultural services with public-private partnerships. He managed the CGIAR’s ESRI Virtual Campus Account, is Advisory Board Member for the African Climate Change Fellowship Program, and is member of the AgMIP-CGRA science integration group. His work contributed to ICRISAT’s strategic vision – he coined the “Hypothesis of Hope” concept for climate strategy, developed research thrust on knowledge engineering, geospatial white paper. He also contributed to various visioning and foresighting exercises with IER, the McKnight Foundation, ACCFP, BMGF, e.g. on next-gen agricultural models. Employment: 2013 - present Senior Scientist in Remote Sensing, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Bamako, Mali 2008 - 2013 Scientist & Head, Geographical Information Systems, ICRISAT 2006 - 2007 Visiting Scientist, Agricultural & Biological Engineering, University of Florida 2000 - 2005 Scientist, GIS Manager, ICRISAT Education:  Ph.D. in Remote Sensing, Universite de Sherbrooke, Canada (ongoing)  M.Sc. in Remote Sensing, Universite de Sherbrooke (1996) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Traore, S.S., Forkuo E.K., Traore, P.C.S., Landmann T., 2015. Assessing the inter-relationship between vegetation productivity, rainfall, population and land cover over the Bani River Basin in Mali (West Africa). IOSR Journal of Engineering, 5 (6), 10-18.  Akinseye, F.M., Agele, S.O., Traore, P.C.S., Adam, M., Whitbread, A.M., 2015. Evaluation of the onset and length of growing season to define planting date— a case study for Mali (West Africa). Theor. Appl. Climatol.  de By, R. A., Zurita-Milla, R., Stratoulias, D., Bijker, W., Tolpekin, V., Traore, P.S., Schulthess, U., Dempewolf, J., Becker-Reshef, I., and Blaes, X., 2015. STARS - Monitoring smallholder farming in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia from an UAV perspective. 9th EARSeL SIG Imaging Spectroscopy Workshop. Special Session on RPAS based hyperspectral remote sensing of vegetation. Luxemburg, 14-16 April 2015.  Traore, S.S., Landmann, T., Forkuo, E.K., Traore, P.C.S., 2014. Assessing Long-Term Trends in Vegetation Productivity Change Over the Bani River Basin in Mali (West Africa). J. Geography and Earth Sciences 2(2):21- 34.  Singh, P., Nedumaran, S., Traore, P.C.S., Boote, K.J., Rattunde, H.F.W., Vara Prasad, P.V., Singh, N.P., Srinivas, K., Bantilan, M.C.S., 2014. Quantifying potential benefits of drought and heat tolerance in rainfed season sorghum for adapting to climate change. Ag. For. Meteorology 185:37-48. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Over 10 years of project leadership in Africa;  Secured and managed over USD12M in research grants from BMZ, the World Bank (in partnership with IFPRI), the International START Secretariat, BMGF, CCAFS, IDRC, and DFID;  Regional programme coordination with regional climate centers AGRHYMET and ACMAD; Role in CCAFS: Leading the Capacitating African Smallholders with Climate Advisories and Insurance Development (CASCAID) project and ICRISAT’s contributions to the Agricultural Model Inter-comparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP) 115 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Giriraj AMARNATH Current position and affiliation: Sub-theme leader: Water-related Disaster Risk Management, International Water Management Institute (IWMI) Profile: Dr. Giriraj Amarnath is a remote sensing researcher specialized in the application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems in the study of risk assessment across a wide range of natural hazards and monitoring land and water resources in Asia and Africa. He has over 13 years’ experience in research including 3 years in academic at University of Bayreuth, Germany. He has conducted research on the: (1) mapping flood inundation extent in south Asia and south-east Asia, (2) global flood hotspots assessment for climate risk studies, (3) piloting operational flood mapping and modeling in Eastern Sudan, (4) snow cover mapping and monitoring in the Hindu-Kush Himalayas, (5) vegetation cover change and biodiversity assessment in Western Ghats (India), Sagarmatha National Park (Nepal), (6) species niche modeling for endangered plants species in Western Ghats (India), (7) environmental impact assessment using RS/GIS and (8) relationship between upstream-downstream linkages in Indo-Gangetic plain and the possible causes of climate change impacts in this region. Employment: 2016 – present Sub-theme leader, Water-related Disaster Risk Management, International Water Management Institute (IWM), Sri Lanka 2015 – 2016 Senior Researcher, Remote Sensing and Water Resources, IWMI, Sri Lanka 2011 – 2014 Researcher, Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), IWMI, Sri Lanka 2009 – 2011 Remote Sensing Specialist, International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), Nepal Education:  Ph.D. Applied Remote Sensing, National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), India (2004)  M.Sc., Geoinformatics, Sikkim Manipal University, India (2006) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Amarnath, G. and Rajah M.A. (2015) A comparative evaluation of flood inundation mapping using MODIS and ALOS satellites in Pakistan. Geomatics, Risks, Natural Hazards (accepted).  Amarnath, G.; Umer, Yakob Mohammed; Alahacoon, Niranga; Inada, Yoshiaki. 2015. Modelling the flood-risk extent using LISFLOOD-FP in a complex watershed: case study of Mundeni Aru River Basin, Sri Lanka. Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, 370:131-138.  Pandey, Rajesh; Amarnath, G. (2015). The potential of satellite radar altimetry in flood forecasting: concept and implementation for the Niger-Benue River Basin. Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, 370:223-227.  Roy et al. (2015). New vegetation type map of India prepared using satellite remote sensing: comparison with global vegetation maps and utilities. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 39:142-159.  Silk et al. (2015) An estimate of the number of tropical tree species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(24):7472-7477. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Over 7 years of leadership in project handling in various countries in Asia and Africa;  Regional risk products on floods and drought developed for South Asia has been widely used by international agencies to develop climate adaptation programme based on our outcomes;  Regional programme coordination for UNSPIDER Regional Support office to promote space technology for disaster risk management;  Research grants awarded from CCAFS, MAFF (Japan), IFAD, FMARD (Nigeria), WMO-GWP; Role in CCAFS: Project Leader 116 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Jonathan HELLIN Current position and affiliation: Poverty and Value Chain Specialist, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) Profile: Dr. Jonathan Hellin has 25 years’ agricultural research and rural development experience (farmers’ access to markets, land management, and climate change adaptation and mitigation) including fourteen years’ field work in Latin America, East Africa and South Asia. He has authored two books and 50 peer‐reviewed journals articles. His current research include index insurance and farmer’ uptake of climate smart agricultural technologies in Sub- Saharan Africa, and agricultural development in the Western Highlands of Guatemala focusing on farmers’ use of maize landraces and also soil conservation. Dr. Hellin’s program at CIMMYT contributes to the improved livelihoods and poverty reduction in maize and wheat‐based farming systems through better targeting, assessments of methods and impacts, improvement of policies and capacity building. Dr. Hellin has also conducted research on (1) maize input and output chains in South Asia, East Africa and Mexico; (2) improved post‐harvest maize storage in East Africa; (3) maize diversity and market access in Mexico and (4) smallholder farmers’ adaptation to climate change. He has also developed and used training materials on sustainable livelihoods in China and Latin America. Employment: 2005 – present Poverty and Value Chain Specialist, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico 2002-2005 International Team Leader, Markets and Livelihoods Programme, ITDG (now called Practical Action), UK 2000-2002 Independent consultant 1994-1999 Senior Scientific Officer, Natural Resources Institute (NRI), UK but based in Honduras Education:  Ph.D. in Geography, Geography Department, Oxford Brookes University, UK (1999)  MSc. Forestry and its Relation to Land Use. University of Oxford, UK (1989) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Hellin, J., Krishna, V.V., Erenstein, O. and Boeber, C. 2015. India’s Poultry Revolution: Implications for its Sustenance and the Global Poultry Trade. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review Volume 18 Special Issue A: 151-163.  Beuchelt, T.D., Camacho Villa, C.T., Göhring, L., Hernández Rodríguez., V.M., Hellin, J., Sonder, K. and Erenstein, O. 2015. Social and income trade‐offs of conservation agriculture practices on crop residue use in Mexico’s central highlands. Agricultural Systems 134: 61– 75.  Hellin, J., Bellon, M.R. and Hearne, S. 2014. Maize Landraces and Adaptation to Climate Change in Mexico. Journal of Crop Improvement, 28:4, 484‐50.  Neufeldt, H., Jahn, M., Campbell, B., Beddington, J.R., DeClerck, F., De Pinto, A., Gulledge, J., Hellin, J., Herrero, M., Jarvis, J., LeZaks, D., Meinke, H., Rosenstock, T., Scholes, M., Scholes, R., Vermeulen, S., Wollenberg, E. and Zougmoré, R. 2013. Beyond climate‐smart agriculture: toward safe operating spaces for global food systems. Agriculture & Food Security 2:12.  Cairns, J.E., Hellin, J., Sonder, K., Araus, J.L., MacRobert, J.F., Thierfelder, C. and Prasanna, B.P. 2013. Adapting maize production to climate change in sub-Saharan Africa. Food Security 5:345–360. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  2010-2014 Jonathan led CIMMYT’s socio-economics team in the “Sustainable Modernization of Traditional Agriculture” (MasAgro) initiative in Mexico. He also contributed to the MasAgro proposal and subsequent strategic direction of the initiative.  2009-2010 Jonathan was the interim director of CIMMYT’s Socio-economics program managing a team of international scientists in Latin America, Africa and Asia, while also serving on CIMMYT’s Senior Mngmnt Committee.  Since joining CIMMYT in 2005, Jonathan has contributed to successful proposal writing for projects supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, USAID, SDC, European Union and DFiD Role in CCAFS: Project Leader 117 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Peter LADERACH Current position and affiliation: Theme leader climate change at the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) Profile: Peter Läderach holds an Msc in Geography and a PhD in Tropical Agriculture. Peter is currently the theme leader for Climate Change at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT). Peter led for CIAT over the last 10-years the expansion of the Decision and Policy Analysis (DAPA) Research Area to Central America, East-Africa and Southeast Asia, where he has established interdisciplinary research groups by forming partnerships, raising funds, implementing research projects and publishing intensively. Peter’s passion is conducting research that leads to visible impacts on the ground, that is why his research supports private sector, NGO’s, governments and multinational agencies to take evidence based decisions and deliver impact on the ground. Employment: 2012 – present Theme leader climate change at the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Vietnam 2010 – 2012 Central America and Caribbean coordinator of the Decision Analysis and Policy (DAPA) Program, International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Colombia 2008 – 2010 Scientist, Decision Analysis and Policy (DAPA) Program, International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Colombia 2005 - 2008 Research Assistant at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Germany, Leader of specialty coffee and cacao projects Education:  Ph.D. in Tropical Agriculture (summa cum laude), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Germany (2007)  M.Sc. in Geography, University of Bern, Switzerland (2003) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Bunn C, Läderach P, Ovalle Rivera O, Kirschke D (2014) A bitter cup: climate change profile of global production of Arabica and Robusta coffee. Climatic Change (2015) 129:89–101.  Díaz Nieto J, Fisher M, Cook S, Läderach P, Lundy M (2012) Weather Indices for Designing Micro-Insurance Products for Small-Holder Farmers in the Tropics. PLoS ONE 7(6): e38281.  Díaz J, Cook S, Läderach P, Fisher M, Jones PG (2010) Rainfall index insurance to help smallholder farmers manage drought risk. Climate and Development 2 (2010) 233–247.  Gourdji S, Läderach P, Martinez Valle A, Zelaya Martinez C, Lobell DB (2014) Historical climate trends, deforestation, and maize and bean yields in Nicaragua. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 200 (2015) 270– 281.  Jha S, Bacon C.M, Philpott S.M, Mendez V.E, Läderach P, Rice R (2014) Shade Coffee: Update on a Disappearing Refuge for Biodiversity. 64 (5) 416-428. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Over the last four years Peter has led the climate change theme in CIAT under CCAFS with a total budget 0f 8- 10 MIO USD/year. With his team he managed to position CIAT in CCAFS as the best performing center.  Peter’s research helped to shape IFAD investments of >100 MIO USD. He and his team specifically supported the project design documents of IFAD/ASAP grants across the globe.  Peter has been publishing widely in high impact factor journal producing >5 peer-reviewed papers per year, for which he also received a recognition from CCAFS in 2014. Role in CCAFS: CIAT Contact Point for CCAFS 118 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Miguel ROBLES Current position and affiliation: Research Fellow, Markets, Trade and Institutions Division International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Profile: Dr. Robles is a Research Fellow at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in the Markets, Trade and Institutions Divisions. At IFPRI he has conducted research on several topics including, most recently, a new approach to provide weather index-based insurance in Africa, Asia and Latin America; the behavior of international agricultural commodity markets; price transmission estimations from international markets to domestic food markets in Latin America and Asia; analysis of futures markets and the role of speculation; analysis on the welfare impact of changing food prices in Latin America and Asia; rural employment strategies in developing countries; and general equilibrium modeling of rural-urban linkages. Dr. Robles’ work on weather insurance has been recognized internationally and was awarded at the Marketplace on Innovative Financial Solutions for Development. Prior to joining IFPRI he worked as a Research Associate at the Group for the Analysis of Development and participated in several research projects with UNDP, IADB, FAO, World Bank, and PAHO. He holds a PhD in Economics from the University of California Los Angeles UCLA where he specialized in Macroeconomics and Asset Pricing. Employment: 2009– Present Research Fellow, Markets, Trade and Institutions Division International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, D.C. 2006 - 2009 Postdoctoral Fellow, Markets, Trade and Institutions Division International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, D.C. 2005 – 2007 Consultant, Canadian Executing Agency, Lima Peru 2000 – 2002 Associate Researcher, Group for the Analysis of Development – GRADE, Lima - Peru Education:  Ph.D. Economics, University of California, Los Angeles (2008)  M.A. Economics, University of California, Los Angeles (2005) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Ceballos, F; Hernandez, M. A.; Minot, N; and Robles, M. (2016) Transmission of Food Price Volatility from International to Domestic Markets: Evidence from Africa, Latin America, and South Asia. Chapter in Food Price Volatility and its Implications for Food Security and Policy.  Gardebroek, C., Hernandez, M. A. and Robles, M. (2015), Market interdependence and volatility transmission among major crops. Agricultural Economics.  Hill, R, Robles M. and Ceballos F. (2015), Demand for a Simple Weather Insurance Product in India: Theory and Evidence. Forthcoming: American Journal of Agricultural Economics.  Ceballos, Francisco and Robles, Miguel (2014). Insurance opportunities against weather risks for the rural poor. In Resilience for food and nutrition security. Eds. Fan, Shenggen; Pandya-Lorch, Rajul and Yosef, Sivan. Chapter 10. Pp. 83-90. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).  Hill, Ruth Vargas; Robles, Miguel and Ceballos, Francisco (2013). Demand for weather hedges in India: An empirical exploration of theoretical predictions. IFPRI Discussion Paper 1279. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  2013 – Present Commercial implementation of index-based insurance in Uruguay. $600K Inter-American Development Bank grant (http://segurohorticolauy.com)  2014 - Present Cluster Leader: Insurance for the poor Policies, Institutions and Markets (PIM) - CGIAR Research Program.  2012 – 2014 PI Weather index-based project in India, 3ie Grant (US$ 600K). India Role in CCAFS: Lead research on the interplay between agricultural insurance and climate smart technologies 119 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Elisabeth SIMELTON Current position and affiliation: Climate Change Scientist, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). Affiliations: University of Leeds UK, Linkoping University Sweden, Vietnam National University of Agriculture Profile: Dr. Simelton is ICRAF Vietnam’s focal point on adaptation and CCAFS. She manages two CCAFS-funded projects and leads the CCAFS climate-smart village My Loi in central Vietnam. Her research interests include designing participatory methods for focus group discussions on climate impacts, extension methods, climate- impact and land-use change assessments. Her previous research includes Payment for Ecosystem Services, multifunctional land uses, on-farm agroforestry experiments as well as policy reviews. Her work experience includes Southeast Asia, Russian and Southern Africa. As a geographer she sees how the landscape is connected and she how important it is to approach environmental management holistically. Agroforestry and ICRAF offer her the chance to work with this approach to find the most effective solutions for problems such as rural poverty, ecosystem-based adaptation and climate-smart agriculture. Employment: 2010 – present Climate Change Scientist, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Hanoi, Vietnam 2007 - 2010 Post-Doc, QUEST project, University of Leeds, UK 1998 – 2000 Agriculture Extension Expert, UNDP, Hanoi, Vietnam 1988 – 1992 Settlor of Agriculture Insurance claims, Agria, Stockholm, Sweden Education:  PhD Geography, Goteborg University, Sweden (2007)  MSc Geography, Goteborg University, Sweden (2001) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Simelton, E, D Catacutan, T.C. Dao, B.V. Dam, TD Le 2016. Factors constraining and enabling agroforestry adoption in Viet Nam: a multi-level policy analysis. Agroforestry Systems 90 (1) 1-19.  Simelton, E., B.V. Dam. 2014. Farmers in NE Viet Nam rank values of ecosystems from seven land uses. Ecosystem Services 9, 133-138.  Lasco, R.D., R.J.P. Delfino, D.C. Catacutan, E. Simelton, D.M. Wilson. 2014. Climate risk adaptation by smallholder farmers: the roles of trees and agroforestry. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 6, 83- 88.  Simelton, E., V.B. Dam, R. Finlayson, R. Lasco. 2013. The talking toolkit: how smallholding farmers and local governments can together adapt to climate change. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Ha Noi, Vietnam.  Zhang, T., E. Simelton, Y. Huang, Y. Shi. 2013. A Bayesian assessment of the current irrigation water supplies capacity under projected droughts for the 2030s in China. Agricultural and forest meteorology 178, 56-65. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Project leader for Vietnam in three CCAFS-funded projects, out of which one of the project sites was selected a CCAFS climate-smart village.  PI or co-PI of several successful grants for ICRAF Vietnam, including funding from ACIAR, USAID, IFAD, CCAFS. Role in CCAFS: Project Leader 120 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Helen GREATREX Current position and affiliation: Associate Research Scientist, International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI), Colombia University, New York Profile: Dr. Greatrex is an interdisciplinary research scientist with a background in agro-meteorology and in decision making under climate uncertainty. Her main focus is to research index insurance for developing countries, particularly how different sources of information might be used in insurance design and evaluation (for example from remote sensing data, model outputs, farmer/local expert experience, and ground measurements). Her particular area of expertise is on the use of satellite rainfall within insurance design and validation, plus on the program and policy aspects of insurance necessary for scaling. Dr. Greatrex also has a focus on how end-users use climate information, from working on adaptation with policy makers in East Africa, to working alongside sociologists to assess how women interact with index insurance in Ghana. Finally, Dr. Greatrex has an operational role within IRI’s Financial Instruments Sector Team, which brings insurance to populations believed to be unreachable, due to poverty or technical issues. The FIS team have worked in over a dozen countries on hundreds of index contracts with many tens of thousands of policies purchased by farmers. Employment: 2016 – present Associate Research Scientist, IRI 2013 – 2016 Post-doctoral Scholar, IRI 2012 – 2013 Adaptation Consultant, Global Climate Adaptation Partnership (GCAP) 2011 – 2012 Climate data consultant, Statistical Services Centre, University of Reading Education:  PhD, “The application of seasonal rainfall forecasts and satellite rainfall estimates to seasonal crop yield forecasting for Africa”, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, UK (2012)  Post-graduate Diploma, Distinction, “Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate”, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, UK (2007) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Greatrex H., Hansen J.W., Garvin S., Diro R., Blakeley S., Le Guen M., Rao K.N., Osgood, D.E., 2015. Scaling up index insurance for smallholder farmers: Recent evidence and insights. CCAFS Report No. 14 Copenhagen: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).  Black E, Tarnavsky E., Greatrex H., Maidment R.I., Mookerjee A., Quaife T., Price J., 2015 Exploiting Satellite- Based Rainfall for Weather Index Insurance: The Challenges of Spatial and Temporal Aggregation, In Proceedings of the 1st Int. Electron. Conf. Remote Sens., 22 June–5 July 2015; Sciforum Electronic Conference Series, Vol. 1, 2015.  Greatrex, H., Grimes, D.I.F., Wheeler, T., 2015, Advances in the stochastic modeling of satellite-derived rainfall estimates using a sparse calibration dataset, Journal of Hydrometeorology 15 (5), 1810-1831.  Stanimirova R., Greatrex H., Diro R., McCarney G., Sharoff J., Mann B., Louis D’Agostino A., Rogers-Martinez M., Blakeley S., Small C., Ceccato P., Dinku T., Osgood D.E., 2013, Using Satellites to Make Index Insurance Scalable, Final IRI Report to the ILO Micro-Insurance Innovation Facility.  Maidment R.I., Grimes D.I.F., Allan R.P., Greatrex H., Rojas O., Leo O., Evaluation of satellite-based and model re-analysis rainfall estimates for Uganda, Meteorological Applications 20 (3), 308-317. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  2015-Present: Activity Lead on the CCAFS Flagship project: Capacitating African Small-holders on Climate Advisories and Insurance Development (CASCAID).  2015-Present: Activity Lead on the CCAFS Flagship 2 project: Developing index insurance for drought prone maize and bean farming systems.  2012: GCAP Technical project manager on “Ethiopia’s Climate-Resilient Green Economy - Climate Resilience Strategy for Agriculture”. Role in CCAFS: Activity lead on two CCAFS Flagship 4 projects. Point of contact for CCAFS research on index insurance 121 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Name: Hung NGUYEN-VIET Current position and affiliation: Senior scientist, Country representative for Vietnam, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Hanoi, Vietnam Profile: Biologist and environmental scientist by training, Hung Nguyen is a senior scientist with research focuses on the link between health and agriculture, food safety, infectious and zoonotic diseases using integrative approaches such as One Health and Ecohealth. His research emphasis is the use of risk assessment for food safety management, water and wastewater reuse in agriculture in Southeast Asia. He has extensive experience in coordinating interdisciplinary research in both Southeast Asia and West Africa. Employment: 2014 – present Senior scientist, Country representative for Vietnam, ILRI, Hanoi, Vietnam 2009 – 2014 Researcher, CENPHER, Hanoi School of Public Health, Vietnam 2007 – 2014 Postdoc and Project Leader, Swiss Tropical and Public health Institute, Basel, Switzerland 2004 – 2006 Lecturer, Universite de Franche-Comte, Besancon, France Education:  Ph.D. Life and Environmental Sciences, with Distinction, University of Franche-Comté, France (2005)  M.Sc. Environment, Health, Society (major in Ecotoxicology and Epidemiology), University of Franche-Comté, France (2001) Selected Recent Peer-reviewed publications:  Hung Nguyen-Viet, Siobhan Doria, Dinh Xuan Tung, Hein Mallee, Bruce A Wilcox and Delia Grace. Ecohealth research in Southeast Asia: past, present and the way forward. Infectious Diseases of Poverty. 2015 4:5.  Lam, S., Nguyen-Viet, H., Tuyet-Hanh, T.T., Nguyen-Mai, H., Harper, S. Evidence for public health risks of wastewater and excreta management practices in Southeast Asia: A scoping review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 12(10): 12863–12885.  Yapo RI, Kone B, Bonfoh B, Cisse G, Zinsstag J, Nguyen-Viet H: Quantitative microbial risk assessment related to urban wastewater and lagoon water reuse in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. J Water Health 2014, 12:301-309.  Pham-Duc P, Nguyen-Viet H, Hattendorf J, Cam PD, Zurbrugg C, Zinsstag J, Odermatt P: Diarrhoeal diseases among adult population in an agricultural community Hanam province, Vietnam, with high wastewater and excreta re-use. BMC Public Health 2014, 14:978.  Nguyen V, Nguyen-Viet H, Pham-Duc P, Wiese M: Scenario planning for community development in Vietnam: a new tool for integrated health approaches? Glob Health Action 2014, 7:24482. Other Evidence of Leadership, large-program management and delivery:  Represents ILRI in Vietnam.  Co-founder and previously leader of the Center for Public Health and Ecosystem Research at the Hanoi School of Public Health  Leading the Ecohealth regional program “Field Building Leadership Initiative” 2012-2016 and the past Swiss NCCR North-South international project on “Environmental sanitation and Health” in South East Asia and West Africa 2009-2013.  Mobilised > $3 million project grants. Role in CCAFS: Project leader 122 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes 3.8 Open Access (OA) and Open Data (OD) Management Planning for and implementing OA/OD In accordance with the CGIAR Open Access and Data Management Policy (OADM), CCAFS is mandated to produce international public goods and ensure that they are open via FAIR principles – that is, they are Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Re-usable to enhance innovation, impact, and uptake. CCAFS has developed its Data Management Strategy (DMS) to enable the program to fulfill its obligations with respect to making information and data products supporting documentation from its research globally available. CCAFS aims to providing a “one-stop-shop” for its information and data products generated and expects to attract data contributions from scientists working in related areas even if not directly funded by CCAFS. With development outcomes in mind, the program will increase accessibility, visibility and usability of scientific outputs by a global community. Goal The goal of CCAFS Data Management Strategy (DMS) is for CCAFS information and data products to be available for long-term use by partners and the scientific community. Guiding principles In defining the DMS, we have adopted the following principles:  It adheres to internationally recognized standards such as FAIR principles, Dublin Core metadata standards and interoperability protocols.  It has to be easy to implement and any burden to researchers that is generated from its implementation must be balanced by the benefits that the researcher will get from making information and data products available, and by the support that CCAFS will provide.  It should not affect the autonomy of scientists to carry out their research; the strategy ensures the independence and creativity of scientists in the collection of data that is relevant to the research objectives.  Ethical use and sharing of personal and private data, and visibility and credits to data generators need to be ensured, like accessibility and adherence to international standards for data storage. Objectives Overall, CCAFS DMS guides the creation of an enabling environment where scientists and partners produce and share high quality data outputs, while at the same time enables a variety of data management procedures and practices at project level. Through creating “portals” specifically designed for common types of datasets scientists can publish their data. CCAFS supports scientists and CGIAR Centres to produce well-managed and documented information and data products that are easy to use long-term. Critical issues and anticipated challenges Issues that are critical to the implementation of CCAFS DMS include:  Establishing a process - A clear process for data sharing and management must be established, from legal agreements through to operating and reporting principles. This conveyor belt is implemented by CCAFS through an online ICT planning and reporting system that identifies the information and data products that are being generated, and ensures that products are made publicly available within the timeframes agreed upon with partners.  Supporting compliance - Support and encourage the design and implementation of data management plans and repositories that enable projects to comply with the CGIAR OADM Policy.  Enabling a data culture - Implementing this strategy requires a significant cultural shift among program 123 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes participants. Appropriate incentives and penalties should be established to promote data sharing. Metrics on data sharing from each program participant should be used as a criterion for performance evaluation and rewards or penalties.  Among the conditions to facilitate the establishment of a more conductive data culture CCAFS will:  Support program partners in the process of submitting data to suitable repositories;  Work with existing CCAFS repositories to enable interoperability;  Highlight benefits to researchers to be derived from data sharing such as increased visibility, potential for increased collaboration and publication, and reputation; and  Make available statistics about data downloading and use for evaluation, program planning, informing the CCAFS research agenda and promoting our scientific partners. The infograph below shows some examples of successful OA/OD implementation from Phase I: 124 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Technical considerations and operations Scope CCAFS DMS looks at making “Data+” available in public archives while research outputs such as papers and publications resulting from analysis of primary data are shared through alternative portals. In the CCAFS DMS we use the term “Data+” to indicate the actual data generated by the research process once it has been cleaned and is considered of good quality, and the documentation that will enable the use of these datasets in the future. This includes but is not restricted to documents about the methodology for data generation/collection, computer programs used for data processing, quality assessment, and any metadata that helps building a description of the context in which the data has been originated. CCAFS considers it a priority to support researchers to promote good data management. CCAFS has established mechanisms and processes to work closely with project leaders and center contact points in order to ensure data quality, long-term preservation and alignment with the CG Core Metadata Schema. While data management will happen at project level, CCAFS has built a team of experts who will provide ongoing support to project leaders to follow data management best practices. An example of this is the CCAFS Data Management Support Pack developed in collaboration with the Statistical Services Centre, University of Reading. The Support Pack is designed to help our research community produce high quality, reusable and open data from our research activities. It consists of documents, templates and videos covering the different aspects of data management and ranging from the overarching concepts and strategies through to the day-to-day activities. For each of the videos in the pack we have included a transcript of the narrative. CCAFS also has plans to implement interoperability protocols at data level (e.g. API, SWORD) and is in the process of assessing which protocol to adopt. The operational objectives of CCAFS DMS are: 1. Guide CCAFS in designing and implementing support mechanisms to reach the goal of the DMS; 2. Make available high quality Data+ to potential users now and well into the future; 3. Encourage appropriate levels of standardization, adoption of international standards and harmonization so that data from separate research activities can be brought together to enrich our understanding of processes, outcomes and impacts in the areas of the world where CCAFS works; 4. Procedures for maintenance and backup includes long-term preservation of data in standardized accessible data formats, converting formats when needed due to software upgrades or changes, safe-keeping of data in a secure environment with the ability to control access where required. In addition, CCAFS follows regular data back-ups, to ensure that information products are maintained, curated, and archived “into perpetuity”. 5. Promote the production of FAIR outputs: a. Findable: Data and metadata should be richly described to enable attribute-based search; b. Accessible: Data and metadata should be retrievable in a variety of formats that are sensible to humans and machines using persistent identifiers; c. Interoperable: The description of metadata elements should follow community guidelines that use an open, well defined vocabulary; and d. Reusable: The description of essential, recommended, and optional metadata elements should be machine processable and verifiable, use should be easy and data should be citable to sustain data sharing and recognize the value of data. Supporting mechanisms Supporting mechanisms will be necessary for the implementation of this strategy. These include: 1. Through the Data Management Support Pack, CCAFS provides guidelines for making data available in such a 125 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes way as to respect the trust that information providers have placed in CCAFS scientists; 2. Creating, maintaining and supporting portals that make data publication easy when CCAFS considers it necessary (see Annex Table 9); 3. The Program Participant Agreements (PPA) established with CGIAR Centres and other partners stipulate that data is to be made freely available and set up the timeframes for data publishing by scientists involved in CCAFS research activities: "The Contracted Party agrees to publicly share any data and/or models generated as a result of activities under this Agreement through CCAFS’s data portals as soon as practically possible, but no later than twelve (12) months of generation for meta data and twenty four (24) months for other data and/or models. Such data portals include, but are not limited to, the CCAFS agricultural trial data repository (www.agtrials.org), the Adaptation and Mitigation Knowledge Network (www.amkn.org), the CCAFS climate data portal (www.ccafs‐climate.org), the CCAFS Research Data on Dataverse (dataverse.harvard.edu/dataverse/CCAFSbaseline) and the repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (https://cgspace.cgiar.org/). Access to the data should be fully granted to the CCAFS Knowledge and Data Sharing unit at CIAT.” Annex Table 9. Identification of repository or platform housing information products for indicative datatypes Indicative Data type Repository or Platform Interoperability Protocol(*) Name/s URL/s Climate data (incl. downscaled GCM data CCAFS Climate http://ccafs- OAI-PMH - condensed and disaggregated spatial climate.org/ implemented data, useful documents and links). Agricultural trials (database on the AgTrials http://agtrials.org/ OAI-PMH performance of agricultural technologies implemented at sites across the developing world) Climate projection models (to identify CCAFS Analogues http://www.ccafs- OAI-PMH to be sites whose current climate realities are analogues.org/ implemented similar to the possible future climates of a reference location) Socioeconomic (incl. CCAFS village CCAFS Dataverse https://dataverse.h OAI-PMH / SWORD baseline study, CCAFS organizational arvard.edu/dataver implemented baseline study, gender household survey, se/CCAFSbaseline etc) Agricultural Crops (incl. environmental TPEI http://www.ccafs- OAI-PMH to be classifications and stress patterns of tpe.org/tpe/ implemented growing environments for agricultural crops) Publications, Data & Tools (incl. reports, CGSpace https://cgspace.cgi OAI-PMH / SWORD journal articles, working papers, datasets, ar.org/handle/1056 implemented tools, etc.) 8/3530 One-Stop-Shop (incl. all information CCAFS Website https://ccafs.cgiar. OAI-PMH to be products) org/ implemented Data information outputs reported by CCAFS Planning & https://activities.cc OAI-PMH CCAFS researchers Reporting afs.cgiar.org/ implemented (*) Thus far, interoperability protocols are being implemented at metadata level and are envisioned for CCAFS Phase II to be implemented at data level. Coordination and decision making The development and implementation of the CCAFS DMS is coordinated by the CCAFS Knowledge and Data Sharing team at CIAT. Decisions are closely coordinated with the CCAFS PMC as well as the monitoring, evaluation and 126 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes learning team (MEL). Strategies and other key decisions go to ISC for approval. To ensure the adherence to common standards CCAFS collaborates closely with the Knowledge and Data Management teams of CIAT, System Office, CGIAR Centres and key partners (e.g. University of Reading). Strategic elements of coordination and decision making In order to achieve the objectives set out above, at the program level CCAFS will:  Discuss, define and adopt the CGIAR OPDM;  Ensure the CCAFS DMS and the CCAFS Intellectual Asset Management Policy are aligned;  Negotiate and coordinate actions with the System Office of CGIAR , as well as with CGIAR Centres that are part of CCAFS;  Include the required elements of these policies into the contracts established with Participating Centres – e.g. CCAFS Program Participant Agreements (PPAs);  An implementation plan needs to be put in place;  Support and resource mechanisms to receive and archive data;  Provide resources (e.g. guidelines, webinars, and manuals) to help strengthen the capacities of CCAFS staff, CGIAR Centres and partners in implementing open access open data standards. In order to fulfil Participating Centre contractual obligations under the PPA agreements, CCAFS expects that the CGIAR Centres will do the following:  Allocate sufficient resources to allow for the implementation of the CCAFS DMS;  Utilize and help build the CCAFS DMS Support Pack as key mechanism for the implementation of the CCAFS DMS;  Ensure their information and data products comply with the CGIAR OADM Policy. Promoting CCAFS DMS Implementation CCAFS will develop and implement an internal communications strategy that deals with a spectrum of users and activities, including:  Training Open Access Ambassadors from CCAFS Flagships, regions and Centres: these will be focal points for ensuring that projects within their unit are complying with OADM guidelines and are also responsible for coordinating submissions to CGSpace and ensuring correct reporting within CCAFS portals. This group will act as a community of practice to share knowledge, lessons, and questions, and enable discussions on open access and open data with the wider network of CCAFS scientists.  Presence on CCAFS intranet and website of open access guidelines, tips and tools: the intranet will have a section where the DMS implementation plan is summarized and essential links are provided. It will also link to an updated list of CIAT publications.  Annual statistics report of CCAFS information and data products: this report, produced in January of each year, will include metrics of the top publications, analytics of websites, platforms and databases, and other insights. This will allow scientists to monitor use and uptake of their products, and guide decisions on value for money.  Content from CCAFS repositories automatically fed to CCAFS website to showcase information and data products and raise awareness of the repository and its uses.  Communications staff share new products and publications via social media and other channels in order to enhance dissemination and generate enthusiasm for information and data products.  Participate in a CIAT-led community of practice of data managers and focal points for data management. Also participate in CGIAR-wide communities of practices on Knowledge Management, Open Access Implementation Working Group and Data Management Task Force.  Inclusion of Open Access and Open Data targets in internal performance management indicators, to monitor progress on targets.  Develop awareness amongst key CCAFS people of CCAFS policies and guidelines. 127 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Narrative for required resources CCAFS has dedicated resources and capacities for the implementation of the CGIAR OADM within CCAFS. These are brought in by the CCAFS knowledge and data sharing coordinator and a small team consisting of a data manager, two web developers (back-end) and an interface/ interoperability (front-end) expert facilitating the conceptual, operational and technical infrastructure. The team is supported by the communications and knowledge management unit, as well as the MEL team platforms. Moreover, CCAFS relies on data management staff in the CGIAR Centres, especially with respect to quality assurance, data curation, data standards and capacity building. In addition to human resources, IT infrastructure is key to achieve good data management. The IT infrastructure that CCAFS has put in place and relies on is made up of a mix of data servers and cloud space. CCAFS recognizes the need to establish an enabling environment where scientists and partners produce and share high quality data outputs, while at the same time making information and data products available for long-term use by partners and the scientific community The implementation of CCAFS’s DMS relies on all CCAFS units and requires, as mentioned above, a team with appropriate experience and skills. CCAFS will build as much as possible on CGIAR Centres’ and partners’ existing open access and open data policies and data quality assurance systems that are already in place, and is developing partnerships for this purpose. Approximately 1% of each Flagship Program budget is allocated to the implementation of OADM. In addition, USD 250,000 is allocated to the CCAFS Knowledge and Data Sharing team under the Management and Support Costs budget line (see budget narrative for all budget details). Furthermore, the team expects to raise bilateral funds for special projects. Annex Table 10. OA/OD Estimated Budget Human, technical and other resources Annual Annual Explanatory notes amount 2016 amount – 2017 2018+ (after (transition 2nd round of period) CRPs in effect) Technology Data Repository 2,500 2,000 Above mentioned Repositories Publications Repository 10,000 12,000 CGSpace annual support and maintenance fee Hardware/storage (cloud etc) 1,000 1,500 Server Upgradation and Cloud - (AWS instances) (Server + Backup) Bandwidth - - Covered under staff costs Programming/development - - Covered under staff costs Annual maintenance fees 2,000 2,000 Shared with CIAT Website development related to - - Covered under staff costs repositories 128 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Operations and Travel 10,000 10,000 Operations and Travel Staffing Staff salaries – Open Data Data 375,000 325,000 (*) Management - Data Quality/Curation - Staff salaries – Knowledge and Data Sharing Open Access publications - Coordinator – 1 FTE Information management - Staff Knowledge salaries – IT Manager/Communications (in support of OA-OD) - 0.25 FTE Technical Manager – 1 FTE Data Manager - 0.5 FTE Interface/ interoperability (front- end) expert - 1 FTE Web developers (back-end) - 2 FTE Staff salaries – IP/Legal - - 4% FTE (10 working days per year). Of this we could allocate (in support of OA-OD) 2.5 days per year to specific OA/IP issues - - (*) Membership Fees Altmetrics provider(s) - - Altmetrics membership is provided through CGspace membership - costs are built into CGspace allocation ORCID (unique researcher IDs) Publisher-based institutional 50 50 Permanent Identifier Prefix - Handle Other Expenses TOTAL 400,550 352,550 (*) Costs are complemented by CG centers capacity and projects. 129 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes 3.9 Intellectual Asset Management (IA Management) 1. Preamble The vision of the CGIAR is to reduce poverty and hunger, improve human health and nutrition, and enhance ecosystem resilience through high-quality international agricultural research, partnership and leadership. In furtherance of this CGIAR Vision, in March 2012, the CGIAR Consortium and Centres approved and adopted a set of ten principles regarding the management of intellectual assets (IA’s) with the aim of providing common governance and management of IA’s produced, acquired or disseminated by Centres and the CGIAR Research Programs. CCAFS follows the IA management policy of the Lead Centre CIAT. 2. CCAFS’s Intellectual Assets a) CCAFS IA’s include knowledge, databases, publications and other information products. b) Whereas several CGIAR Centres report substantial Outcomes related to the development, dissemination, adoption and impact of climate change resilient germplasm through CCAFS’s reporting mechanisms, the IA’s associated with such improved germplasm, plant variety rights, patents, industrial design rights and trademarks fall under the management responsibility of individual CGIAR Centres. 3. Rationale CCAFS policy for the management of IA’s is strategically designed to ensure that CCAFS and its partners are in compliance with: a) The CGIAR Principles on the Management of Intellectual Assets and the Implementation Guidelines which deal with the dissemination of intellectual assets for maximizing global accessibility and impact. b) Fundamental Rights as stated in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights and other relevant international treaties, and c) All applicable International Treaties, supranational and national laws related to Intellectual Property. 4. CGIAR Thematic Principles of IA Management A. International Public Goods: CCAFS regards the results of its research and development activities as international public goods and is committed to their widespread diffusion and use to achieve the maximum possible access, scale and scope of impact in order to benefit the poor, particularly farmers in developing countries. However, in exceptional circumstances, where necessary to enhance the scope and scale of impact, CCAFS may consider alternative arrangements (see section 5). B. Partnerships: CCAFS undertakes its work with a wide range of research, development and dissemination partners, recognizing that such partnerships are: i. Critical to ensuring both the development of and access to the best knowledge and innovation, harnessing efficiencies in product development, and achieving maximum impact through effective delivery and deployment. ii. Furthermore CCAFS recognizes that such partnerships may require incentives that must be innovatively designed, carefully managed and diligently monitored. C. Farmers’ Rights: 130 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes CCAFS values the traditional and local knowledge of farmers and sees it as a starting point for discussions about climate change adaptation and mitigation. CCAFS recognizes that issues related to traditional knowledge may arise through interactions with communities and farmer groups, when undertaking surveys and socio-economic work. i. CCAFS seeks to be respectful of by national regulations on farmers’ rights and the principle of prior informed consent when working with farmers and other stakeholders. ii. Publications referring to traditional knowledge will give appropriate credit to the providers of such knowledge and disclose the source of such knowledge whilst maintaining confidentiality when appropriate. While household information collected from farmers may be included in open-access databases, care is taken to exclude sensitive data to keep it anonymous. iii. Project leaders are expected to comply with their home institution’s policies and procedures for Behavioural Ethics in relation to working with human subjects. If no such policy is in place, the CIAT Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research will apply. If needed training will be undertaken to support project leaders’ in adhering to this policy. D. Sound Management of Intellectual Assets and Intellectual Property Rights: CCAFS place high priority on the sound management of its IA’s and IP’s. To ensure that such sound management receives focused attention and adequate funding: i. CCAFS Program Management Committee has specifically delegated IA and IP oversight and management to CIAT’s General Counsel (IP focal point) with background in intellectual property and legal matters related to data and information products development and deployment. 8% FTE is budgeted for this function. The IP focal point will chair an IP Management Committee to support the CRP and to coordinate IA management across the CRP and will work closely with the Global Communications and Knowledge Manager and the Data and Knowledge Sharing Coordinator on implementation (approx. 4% FTE each). ii. All partners will be subject to CIAT’s policies on IAs and Open Access as part of contractual agreements. Partners will be made aware of these conditions, and compliance will be monitored through the CCAFS Planning & Reporting (MARLO) system. Training and support to partners will be available if needed. iii. CRP-level implementation guidelines will be developed to clearly outline specific responsibilities and procedures for IA management in the project lifecycle. This guidelines further ensure compliance with the CGIAR IA Principles by: 1) Clarifying that all CRP partners have a non-exclusive, irrevocable license to use the outputs of their research under the CRP, unless special arrangements have been entered into and approved by the Program Management Committee; 2) Ensuring abidance with rules placed on the partnership; 3) Creating awareness of the partners’ responsibility to follow legal requirements concerning traditional knowledge and partners pay attention to informed consent principles, including following behavioural ethics policies; 4) Including confidentiality clauses where appropriate; 5) Seeking to be respectful of national regulations concerning farmers’ rights. iv. Engagement with private sector partners will ensure alignment of interests and clarity regarding IP ownership and licensing, as and where applicable under the CGIAR IA Principles. v. Through this delegation, CCAFS will manage its IA and IP Rights with integrity, fairness, equity, responsibility and accountability. CCAFS shall use its best endeavors to engage in IP Rights due diligence for the activities that it carries out and, in particular, to secure where appropriate IP Rights that are necessary for the development and delivery of products and / or services without infringing third party IP Rights. vi. Financial resources needed for these tasks are budgeted from the management and governance allocation to CIAT. This includes staff time and costs related to building staff capacity and supporting 131 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Open Access. This allocation is equivalent to approximately USD 9000 or approx. 0.015% of the annual overall budget. This does not include time/effort spent by Centers or Program Partners on implementation. E. Maximizing Global Accessibility and Impact: CCAFS endeavours at all times to maximize the global access and impact of its IA’s. Hence: i. In furtherance of the CGIAR Vision, all products produced by CCAFS are, wherever possible, disseminated using open access principles, with clear branding to recognize those responsible for producing the IA. ii. In the cases where particular copyrights apply, CCAFS abides by the relevant copyright rules. iii. When working with private sector entities, CCAFS clarifies that it is committed to open access on knowledge products and abides by any rules that are placed on the partnership. Annex Table 11. Key dissemination pathways for maximizing global impact Dissemination Type of Intellectual Asset IP + Legal contributions pathway  Development of global licenses for dissemination as ‘International Public Goods’  Multi-lingual  Legal advice on: Open Access o access to third party technologies/ repositories data/software/information; Data & Information Products  Adapted o agreements to publish information (databases, publications, information products through publishers and/or multimedia, reports, training dissemination scientific journals; materials, software, algorithms, channels to o freedom to operate opinions; and maps) specific target o legal support for the development of CCAFS groups e.g. IA management strategies to achieve a farmers higher impact (including responsible open  Licensing access and possible incentives to engage private sector partners) Legal advice on:  OA repositories,  legal support for the development of IA  Partnership management strategies to achieve a 
higher approaches and impact (including responsible open access and capacity possible incentives to engage private sector Know how (protocols, how to development partners); guides, best practices)  NARs  Extension  development of global licenses for that purpose; specialists  access to third party know how; and  Partners &  management of confidential/ proprietary collaborators information; F. Implementation: To ensure compliance with IA principles and their implementation, CCAFS will: i. Follow up on partners’ compliance with agreements and contracts thus ensuring that all agreements and contracts, including confidentiality, partnership, comply with IA Principles; ii. Maintain a regularly updated IP portfolio which, in CCAFS’s case, are lists of publications and databases; iii. Seek that partners pay attention to prior informed consent principles; 132 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes iv. Strive to have traditional knowledge is appropriately acknowledged; and v. Ensure that information subject to confidentiality obligations from CCAFS is appropriately observed. G. Reporting: CCAFS recognizes that the CGIAR Consortium attaches great importance to the sound management of its IA’s. Accordingly: i. Each year, CCAFS’s Program Management Committee will provide a written assurance to the CGIAR consortium that CCAFS has, during the preceding year, complied with these CGIAR Intellectual Asset Principles, in particular with regard to the Sound Management of Intellectual Assets. ii. Each year, CCAFS will provide a report to the Consortium, acceptable to the Consortium, regarding the implementation of these CGIAR IA Principles during the preceding year. 5. Exceptions On occasion, to enhance the scale and scope of impact, CCAFS may wish to enter into agreements that restrict the accessibility of partner outputs. For example, projects that engage with private sector partners could give limited priority access to the partner, to incentivize their engagement. Or, the acquisition and use of the Third Party Intellectual Assets that restrict the global accessibility of the products and / or services resulting from the use of such Intellectual Assets. CCAFS will only enter such agreements provided that the requirements set forth in the CGIAR IA Principles for these types of agreements are met, and permission to do so has been given by the CCAFS Program Management Committee which must be assured that: i. To the best of CCAFS’s knowledge, it is unable to acquire equivalent Intellectual Assets from other sources under no or less restrictive conditions. ii. The products and / or services that are intended to result from the use of such third party Intellectual Assets will further the CGIAR Vision in the countries where they can be made available. iii. To the best of CCAFS’ efforts, ensure that such limited priority access or third party Intellectual Assets are only used in relation to, or incorporated into, the intended products. 3.10 Other Annexes 3.10.1 Communications Strategy Background Strategic communications offers a set of powerful tools and approaches that can contribute to CCAFS outcomes and CGIAR’s SRF, and generate positive change. The CCAFS communications strategy for Phase II builds on more than five years of successful communications in Phase I. In Phase II, communications activities continue to strongly align with the program’s impact pathways, and employ a suite of well-established tools and approaches to deliver tailored messages to program partners and next users. A systematic effort to monitor and evaluate communications activities will continue, to ensure that Phase II communications benefits from previous successes and lessons learned, and continues to learn and adjust as the program evolves. Overall program objective The overall goal of CCAFS is to catalyse positive change towards climate-smart agriculture, food systems and landscapes, and thereby contribute to CGIAR’s System Level Objectives (SLOs) on poverty alleviation, food and nutritional security, and natural resources. Communications objectives These overall objectives will guide all program communications, and are designed to be measurable, to facilitate monitoring and evaluation. 133 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes  Increase uptake of CCAFS outputs by next users and expedite impacts  Promote CCAFS science and build awareness and understanding of current knowledge on climate change, agriculture and food security among key next user groups  Inform global and national policies and initiatives on climate change, agriculture and food security  Secure commitment of donors, investors and partners to delivering climate-smart agriculture (CSA) using CCAFS knowledge  Strengthen relationships with strategic partners and funders  Encourage learning and sharing of information to improve impact of communications and collaboration among CCAFS FPs, the program’s researchers, the wider CGIAR community, and other program partners  Contribute to closing gender gaps through gender-sensitive communication and strong communication about the program’s gender and social inclusion activities  Position CCAFS as a key player in global agriculture and climate change  Demonstrate accountability by building awareness of the program’s progress, results and successes, including achievement of the SRF 2022 targets  Make all CCAFS knowledge available and accessible, in line with CGIAR frameworks on Open Access (see Annex 3.8 on Open Access Management) and Intellectual Assets (Annex 3.9 on Intellectual Asset Management) Target audiences / Next users CCAFS strategic communication targets an audience that can be referred to as next users, i.e. individuals or groups who access and use CCAFS knowledge products directly, who can create an environment that produces subsequent impact for the program’s beneficiaries. This also includes decision makers who make necessary changes to achieve outcomes. Next users help to bring ideas and tools to scale and into new arenas,1 and are fully aligned with program partners (see Partnership Strategy for a complete list). This includes linkages with alliances and networks that can help achieve outcome targets. Where appropriate, some communications are targeted at end users, such as farmers.  Research partners: Researchers from CGIAR Centres and other CRPs, and partner institutes, working within CCAFS or on CCAFS-related topics (e.g. CSIRO, Oxford, Colombia IRI, CIRAD, CORAF)  Public sector, inter-governmental and policy makers: Global, regional, national and local policy makers and agencies working on climate change, agriculture and food security (e.g. FAO, IFAD, World Bank, governments of Cambodia, Colombia, Kenya, Nigeria, Uganda).  Non-governmental development organizations: Including international organizations, NGOs and farmers' organizations that work on the ground to scale out climate-smart technologies in practices (e.g. CTA, CARE and PAFO).  Private sector: Companies and advocacy associations that seek to implement and scale up initiatives that improve resilience and reduce climate impacts in agri-food supply chains (e.g. Agriculture Insurance Company of India, World Business Council on Sustainable Development).  Program donors and investors: including current and potential funders, from multilateral and bilateral aid agencies and foundations. (e.g. DFID, EU, USAID). In addition press and media are seen as an important intermediary that can help CCAFS knowledge reach many of the above target groups, at the national and international levels. Engagement with media is further outlined in the ‘Main activities’ section below. Strategic approach Communication for behavior change CCAFS communications goes beyond information dissemination. Rather, the aim is that knowledge from CCAFS information can help shape attitudes, and thus contribute to the behavioural changes needed to deliver impact. 1 Adapted from Jost C, Alvarez S and T Schuetz. 2014. CCAFS Theory of Change Facilitation Guide. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). http://hdl.handle.net/10568/41674 134 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Many intervening variables play a role in whether messages bring about intended behaviour changes, such as the level to which recipients recognize a problem situation, perceive constraints to behavioural change, as well as the extent to which they feel ‘involved’ personally in the issues and decision-making processes. An important component of this work is listening to and understanding the knowledge needs of next users in order to shape appropriate communications interventions. Phase II will build on lessons learned in Phase I regarding the best approaches for engaging with next users in different contexts. For example, in CCAFS target countries, face-to-face meetings and learning events have proven to be essential approaches to reach national level decision makers. Key messages Research results will be repackaged for different audiences, and key messages tailored for relevant target next user groups as a means to promote specific information products and inform actions that can lead to outcomes. This will be achieved through messages that address the intended changes in knowledge, skills, attitudes and practices that will help the next user deliver program outcomes. Key messages will be formulated jointly by communications specialists and scientists, in consultation with partners, to ensure they are relevant, appropriate, and compelling. Delivering communications Experience in Phase I showed the benefits of strong program-level communication, coupled with Flagship-level communication contextualized in the regions. Both program level and Flagship level communications will be organized under the LP on Partnerships. Together, CCAFS communicators will form a community of practice to share knowledge and approaches, plan and deliver joint activities, and monitor and evaluate said activities. At the program level, communications will contribute to engagement with global climate partnerships and policy processes with a goal of scaling up Climate-Smart Agriculture. Program level communications will also focus on marketing, synthesis and dissemination of results, and facilitating learning, sharing, monitoring and evaluation of communications across the program. A small team at the Global Office on Partnerships for Scaling Up CSA will lead program communication, under the leadership of a Global Communications and Knowledge Manager. At the Flagship level, communications activities will be primarily designed to contribute to delivery of outcomes through engagement with key stakeholders in sites, regions, at the national level, as well as in relevant communities of practice (for example related to low-emissions agriculture, or index-based insurance). A key outcome is scaling out climate-smart policies and approaches in CCAFS countries. Flagship level communications will be delivered through the Regional Program Offices, led by a regional communications specialist. Communications in the CCAFS program is a shared responsibility among communication specialists, scientists and research partners working in the FPs, regions, and projects. This includes staff in all CGIAR Centres that participate in the program. Where possible, the program and FP teams will continue to work closely with partners to deliver joint communications and outreach activities where appropriate, in order to leverage networks, skills, and other expertise. Strong coordination with the lead Centre (CIAT) communications units, the CGIAR Consortium Office, other CRPs and CGIAR networks (e.g., gender network) will continue. Phase II will also see strengthened use of cross-CGIAR Centre tools and platforms such as CGspace, the Thrive blog, and collaboration at strategic events. Main activities At the program level, the main activities to continue in Phase II include: (1) Support global policy engagement through high-level outreach and dialogue, including policy briefings, major events with partners2, learning events and webinars, discussion blogs and media engagement. (2) Make CCAFS solutions and resources openly and prominently accessible through online platforms and portals, including: global website and blog;3 web portals such as Big Facts4 and the CSA guide; open access publications 2 Linked to global fora (e.g. UNFCCC, GFIA, GACSA meetings) 3 CCAFS website receives over 750,000 unique pageviews per year 4 The site receives 55,000 unique pageviews per year 135 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes repository (CGSpace5), social media channels6; e-bulletins and newsletters7; photo sharing via Flickr8; and presentation sharing via slideshare9 (3) Demonstrate program results through regular monitoring and evaluation of communications activities, development of outcome cases and annual reports, and media outreach (4) Ensure consistent program visibility and help key partners do the same, using the CCAFS branding toolkit (5) Facilitate knowledge sharing and collaboration within the program, with CGIAR Centres, and with external partners. Facilitate a network of communications specialists working in FPs and projects to ensure learning and sharing of best practices, strategic planning and collaboration; and effective use of CCAFS communications tools and processes. This will be supported through tools such as Sharepoint 365, video conferencing, webinars, and face-to-face workshops. (6) Contribute to Flagship level communications through joint initiatives and strategic advice, where an activity can contribute to global and Flagship outcomes. For example in 2015, a media field trip to CCAFS sites in Kaffrine Senegal helped share a successful climate services program via national and international media, in the lead up to the UN climate talks in Paris. At the Flagship level the main activities to continue in Phase II include (1) Facilitate engagement activities, dialogue, and outreach campaigns tailored for stakeholders in regions, in collaboration with project partners. This can include organizing field visits to CSVs, to share climate-smart agriculture technologies and practices and participatory approaches in action;10 trainings for local journalists to effectively report on CCAFS issues; and partnering with TV or rural radio stations to disseminate knowledge to farmers (2) Produce knowledge products relevant to next users, including briefing notes, materials in local languages, training manuals, decision-making tools, and media materials (3) Support country Site Integration through sharing knowledge, tools and resources, and collaborative efforts with CGIAR Centres and partners working in sites. (4) Contribute to program communications through campaigns based on globally relevant messages and cases; and contribution to program-level visibility through outcome and donor reporting. (5) Support learning and sharing within CCAFS and with partners. Participate actively in the network of CCAFS communicators to ensure maximum impact through collaboration, knowledge sharing, and regular monitoring and evaluation of communications activities Monitoring, evaluating and learning Systematic MEL goes hand in hand with an impact pathways approach to planning communications. In Phase I, CCAFS communicators committed to undertake more systematic monitoring and evaluation of communications activities, to support internal learning, improve strategic communication, and contribute to overall program MEL. In Phase II, communicators will continue to produce regular reports back from campaigns and activities, to measure success based on quantitative and qualitative indicators determined during the planning phase. These shall be regularly shared with the wider CCAFS network, as well as with external groups (such as evaluators) where appropriate. 5 More than half a million publications have been downloaded from the CCAFS CGSpace collection in CCAFS Phase I. 6 CCAFS Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, Google+, Youtube channels collectively have over 50,000 followers and annually generate about 35,000 visits to the website. 7 CCAFS e-bulletins have 20,000 subscribers 8 CCAFS shares more than 7500 photos from research sites and activities, all licensed for public use under creative commons, increasing program visibility 9 CCAFS shares more than 700 presentations, viewed over 160,000 times per year. 10 CCAFS has successful experience bringing farmers, scientists, government officials, business leaders and journalists to learn about CSVs. See for example Meadu V, Zougmoré R, Touré SF. 2015. Climate Services in Senegal: Media training and field trip report. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). http://hdl.handle.net/10568/72418 136 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Budget As communications is a shared responsibility by all program partners, budgets and staff time will be allocated from a variety of sources: Program communication will be led by a Global Communications and Knowledge Manager based at the Global Office on Partnerships for Scaling Up CSA. To deliver the outlined activities, the annual budget for program communication will be funded through equal contributions from the management and governance allocation to CIAT and from each of the four FPs. This may be supplemented by an uplift budget from partners for specific activities, for example a big event with intergovernmental partners such as World Bank, IFAD, FAO and major Window 2 donors. This budget also covers salaries for staff in the Global Office on Partnerships for Scaling Up CSA to deliver on broader engagement and partnership activities, as outlined in other parts of the full proposal. As well, options will be considered to engage staff whose positions are externally supported, for example through international development volunteer programs. At the Flagship level, Regional Program Leaders will engage a communications specialist to deliver activities in the region, and allocate funds for delivery of communications products and initiatives. Ultimately, collective action and collaboration will be essential to deliver impactful communications in Phase II. Therefore, it is expected that CCAFS project leaders designate staff with responsibility for communications, and earmark funds for communications products and initiatives as part of their overall budgeting. 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Strategic guidance for ex post impact assessment of agricultural research. Science Council Secretariat: Rome, Italy: Report prepared for the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment, CGIAR Science Council. http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/i0276e/i0276e00.htm 166 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes 3.10.3 Acronyms and Abbreviations A4NH – CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health ACCRA – The Africa Climate Change Resilience Alliance ACF – Action Against Hunger (Action Contre la Faim) ACPC – African Climate Policy Centre ACRE – Agriculture and Climate Risk Enterprise ACSAA – Africa Climate-Smart Agriculture Alliance AEZ – Agro-ecosystem zones AfDB – African Development Bank AFOLU – Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use AFS CRPs/AFS – CGIAR Research Program on Fish Agri-Food Systems AFS-CRPs – Agri-food systems CGIAR research programs AgMIP – Agricultural Model Inter-comparison and Improvement project AGN – African Group of Negotiators AGNES – African Group of Negotiators Expert Support AGRHYMET – Centre Regional de Formation et d'Application en Agrométéorologie et Hydrologie Opérationnelle AGRONET – National Agricultural Information and Communication Network ANU – Australian National University APAARI – Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions APAN – Asia Pacific Adaptation Network AR4 – IPCC Fourth Assessment Report AR5 – IPCC Fifth Assessment Report ARI – Agricultural research institute ASARECA – Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa ASEAN – Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN CRN – Association of Southeast Asian Nations Climate Resilience Network BAU Scenario – Business as Usual Scenario BNI – biological nitrification inhibition C – Celsius CAADP – Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme CAC – Central America Agricultural Council CAfr – Central Africa CapDev – Capacity Development CARE – Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere CATIE – Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza CC – climate change CCAC – Climate and Clean Air Coalition to Reduce Short-Lived Climate Pollutants CCAFS – CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security CCEE - CRP-Commissioned External Evaluation CECOCAFEN – Central Association of Northern Coffee Cooperatives, Latin America CH4 – Methane CIAT – International Centre for Tropical Agriculture CIFOR – Centre for International Forestry Research CIMMYT – The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre CIMSANS – Centre for Integrated Modeling of Sustainable Agriculture & Nutrition Security CIRAD – Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement CLIFF – Climate, Food and Farming Network (research network of F3) ClimDev-Africa - The Climate for Development in Africa CO2e/yr – carbon dioxide equivalent per year CoA – cluster of activities COMESA – Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa COP – Conference of Parties CORAF – Conseil Ouest et Centre Africain pour la Recherche et le Developpement Agricoles 167 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes CORFOGA – Corporación Ganadera (Livestock Corporation), Colombia CRP – CGIAR Research Program CSA – Climate-smart agriculture CSAP – Climate-Smart Agriculture Programme CSIRO – Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization CSO – Civil Society Organization CSV – Climate-smart village CTA – Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation CTCN – Climate Technology Centre and Network DCLAS - Dryland Cereals and Legumes Agri-food Systems DfID – Department for International Development, United Kingdom DG – Director general DIW – German Institute for Economic Research DMS – Data Management Strategy EA – East Africa EAFF - East Africa Farmers Federation ECI – Environmental Change Institute at the University of Oxford ECLAC - Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean ECOWAS – Economic Community of West African States EDF – Environmental Defense Fund EIGE – European Institute for Gender Equality ENACTS – Enhancing National Climate Services initiative ENSO – El Niño–Southern Oscillation EPIA – Ex-post impact assessment ESG – Environmental, social and governance EU – European Union EX-ACT – The Ex-Ante Carbon-balance Tool FAIR – Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Re-usable FANRPAN – Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Policy Analysis Network FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAOSTAT – The Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database FEDEARROZ – Federación Nacional de Arroceros (National Federation of Rice Growers), Colombia FEDEGAN – Federación Colombiana de Ganaderos (Colombian Cattle Ranchers’ Federation) FENALCE – National federation of cereal growers, Colombia FEWSNET – Famine Early Warning Systems Network FIPAH – Fundación para la Investigación Participativa con Agricultores de Honduras FISH – CGIAR Research Program on Fish Agri-Food Systems FLW – Food Loss and Waste FPL – Flagship Leader FLAR – Latin American Reserve Fund FONGS – Federation of NGOs of Senegal FONGS – Federation of Non-Governmental Organizations in Senegal FP – Flagship Program (of CCAFS) FP1 – Flagship Program 1 (of CCAFS) FP2 – Flagship Program 2 (of CCAFS) FP3 – Flagship Program 3 (of CCAFS) FP4 – Flagship Program 4 (of CCAFS) FRI – Farm Radio International FTA – CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry FTE – Full time equivalent GACSA – Global Alliance for Climate-Smart Agriculture GCARD – Global Conference on Agricultural Research for Development GCF – Green Climate Fund GCM – General Circulation Model GFAR – Global Forum on Agricultural Research 168 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes GFCS – Global Framework for Climate Services GFDRR – Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery GHG – Greenhouse gas GIZ - German Corporation for International Cooperation GLOBIOM – IIASA's Global Biosphere Management Model GLOPAN - Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition GRA – Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases GRSB -The Global Roundtable for Sustainable Beef GSI – Gender and social inclusion Gt – gigatonne GTPS: Brazilian Roundtable on Sustainable Livestock H – hypothesis ha – hectare HEIG-VD – La Haute Ecole d'Ingénierie et de Gestion du Canton de Vaud HLPE – The High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition ICRP – Integrative CGIAR Research Program IA – Intellectual Assets IADB – Inter-American Development Bank IAE – Institute for Agricultural Environment, Vietnam ICAR – International Committee for Animal Recording ICPAC – Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) Climate Prediction and Applications Centre ICRAF – World Agroforestry Centre ICRISAT – International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics ICT – Information and communication technology IDO – Intermediate Development Outcome IDS – Institute of Development Studies IEA – Independent Evaluation Arrangement IFAD – International Fund for Agricultural Development IFAD-ASAP – The International Fund for Agricultural Development’s Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Program IFC – International Finance Corporation IFPRI – International Food Policy Research Institute IGAD – Inter-Governmental Authority for Development IIASA – International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis IICA - Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture IIED – International Institute for Environment and Development IIRR – International Institute of Rural Reconstruction IISD – International Institute for Sustainable Development IITA – International Institute of Tropical Agriculture IITM - Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology ILRI – International Livestock Research Institute IMAGE – Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment IMPACT – International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade INDC – Intended nationally determined contribution INERA - Institute de l'Environment et de Recherches Agricoles de Burkina Faso INRA – French National Institute for Agricultural Research INTA – Instituto de Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología Agropecuaria (Institute for Innovation and Transfer of Agricultural Technology), Costa Rica IPCC – Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPG – International public good IPOP – The Indonesian Palm Oil Pledge IRI – International Research Institute for Climate and Society IRRI – International Rice Research Institute ISC – Independent Steering Committee ISI – International Scientific Indexing ISI-MIP – Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project 169 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes ISP – Independent Science Panel of CCAFS (Phase I) ISPC – Independent Science and Partnership Council ISPO – Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil ISRA – Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles IWMI – The International Water Management Institute L&F – CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish LAM – Latin America LAMNET – Latin America Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Network LAPA – Local Adaptation Plans of Action LED – Low emissions development LEDS – Low emissions development strategy LEDSGP – Low Emission Development Strategies Global Partnership Leeds – University of Leeds LEI – The leading institute for social-economic research of Wageningen University and Research Center LP – Learning Platform LIVESTOCK – CGIAR Research Program on Livestock MAGNET – Model description of Agricultural economy MAIZE – the CGIAR Research Program on Maize MARLO – the CCAFS planning and reporting system MEL – Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning MICCA – Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture Program MoALF – Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries, Kenya MOT – Mitigation Options Tool MRV – Monitoring, reporting and verification Mt – Metric tonnes N2O – Nitrous oxide NAFSIP – National agriculture and food security implementation plan NAIP – National Agricultural Investment Plan NAMA – Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action NAPA – National Adaptation Programmes of Action NAPs – National adaptation plans NARES – National Agricultural Research and Extension Systems NARS – National Agricultural Research System NEPAD – New Partnership for Africa's Development NERC – National Environmental Research Council NGO – non-governmental organization NMS – National Meteorological Services NUI – National University of Ireland OA – Open Access OADMP – Open Access and Data Management Policy OAI-PMH – Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting OD – Open Data ODA – official development assistance ODI – Overseas Development Institute P&R – the CCAFS planning and reporting system PAC – Partnership Advisory Committee PAFO – Pan African Farmers' Organisation PAR – Participatory action research PICSA – Participatory Integrated Climate Services for Agriculture PIK – Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research PIM – CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets PMC – CCAFS program management committee PMU – Program Management Unit POWB – Program of Work and Budget PPCR – Pilot Program for Climate Resistance 170 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Prolinnova – PROmoting Local INNOVAtion in ecologically-oriented agriculture and NRM QUT – Queensland University of Technology R4D – Research for development RAFS – Retirement Assistance for Farmers Scheme RBM – Results-based management RCP – Representative concentration pathway Reading – University of Reading Walker Institute RHO – Risks Household-Options RICE - CGIAR Research Program on Rice RIMES – Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System for Africa and Asia RPL – CCAFS Regional program leader RSPO – Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil RTB – CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas SA – South Asia SAfr – Southern Africa SACAU – Southern African Confederation of Agricultural Unions. SAI-Platform – Sustainable Agriculture Initiative Platform SAMPLES – Standard Assessment of Agricultural Mitigation Potential and Livelihoods Program SAN – Sustainable Agriculture Network SBSTA – Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice SDG – Sustainable Development Goal SEA – Southeast Asia SEARCA – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture SECAC – Executive Secretariat of the Central American Agricultural Council SHAMBA – The Small-Holder Agriculture Mitigation Benefit Assessment SLO – System-Level Outcomes SMS – Short Message Service SPIA – Standing Panel on Impact Assessment of CGIAR SRF – Strategic results framework of CGIAR SSA – Sub-Saharan Africa SSP – Shared socio-economic pathway SuPER – sustainability, productivity (including profitability), equity and resilience SUSFANS – Sustainable Food And Nutrition Security SwissRe – Swiss Reinsurance Company Ltd. TFA 2020 – Tropical Forest Alliance 2020 TNC – The Nature Conservancy ToC – Theory of change TRANSMANGO – Assessment of the impact of drivers of change on Europe's food and nutrition security TSBF – Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Institute U Vermont – University of Vermont UCI – University for International Cooperation UN – United Nations UN-REDD – United Nations collaborative initiative on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation UNFCCC – United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change URAC – Union des Radios Associatives et Communautaires du Sénégal US – United States of America USAID – United States Agency for International Development USD – United States dollar WA – West Africa WB – World Bank WBCSD – World Business Council for Sustainable Development WBG – The World Bank Group WEDO – Women's Environment and Development Organization WEF – World Economic Forum 171 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes WFP – World Food Program WFO - World Farmers’ Organisation WHEAT – The CGIAR Research Program on Wheat WHO – World Health Organization WISAT – Women in Global Science and Technology WLE – CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems WMO – World Meteorological Organization WRI – World Resources Institute WUR - Wageningen University WWF – World Wide Fund for Nature YPARD – Young Professionals for Agricultural Development 3.10.4 List of CCAFS Journal articles from Phase I (2011-2015) Adimo AO, Njoroge JB, Claessens L, Wamocho LS. 2012. Land use and climate change adaptation strategies in Kenya. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 17(2):153-171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11027- 011-9318-6. Aggarwal PK, Palanisami K, Khanna M, Kakumanu KR. 2012. Climate change and food security of India: Adaptation strategies in the irrigation sector. World Agriculture 3:20-26. Agrawal A, Wollenberg E, Persha L. 2014. Governing agriculture-forest landscapes to achieve climate change mitigation. Global Environmental Change 29:270-280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.10.001. Ahmad W, Fatima A, Awan UK, Anwar A. 2014. Analysis of long term meteorological trends in the middle and lower Indus Basin of Pakistan: a non-parametric statistical approach. Global and Planetary Change 122:282-291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2014.09.007. Ahrends A, Hollingsworth PM, Ziegler AD, Fox JM, Chen J, Su Y, Xu J. 2015. Current trends of rubber plantation expansion may threaten biodiversity and livelihoods. Global Environmental Change 34:48-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.06.002. Albert J, Beare DJ, Schwarz A, Albert S, Warren R, Teri J, Siota F, and NL Andrew. The contribution of nearshore fish aggregating devices (FADs) to food security in Solomon Islands. PLoS ONE 9(12): e115386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115386. Albert S, Abernethy K, Gibbes B, Grinham A, Tooler N, Aswani S. 2013. Cost-effective methods for accurate determination of sea level rise vulnerability: a Solomon Islands example. Weather, Climate, and Society 5(4): 285- 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-13-00010.1 Alberto MCR, Wassmann R, Hirano T, Miyata A, Hatano R, Kumar A, Padre A, Amante M. 2011. Comparisons of energy balance and evapotranspiration between flooded and aerobic rice fields in the Philippines. Agricultural Water Management 98:1417-1430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2011.04.011. Alberto MCR, Wassmann R, Hirano T, Miyata A, Kumar A, Padre A, Amante M. 2012. Influence of climate variability on seasonal and interannual variations of ecosystem CO2 exchange in flooded and non-flooded rice fields in the Philippines. Field Crops Research 134:80-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.05.002. Alves-Pinto HN, Newton P, Guedes Pinto LF. 2015. Reducing deforestation and enhancing sustainability in commodity supply chains: interactions between governance interventions and cattle certification in Brazil. Tropical Conservation Science 8:1053-1079. http://tropicalconservationscience.mongabay.com/content/v8/tcs_v8i4_1053- 1079_Alves-Pinto.pdf 172 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Amarnath G. 2014. An algorithm for rapid flood inundation mapping from optical data using a reflectance differencing technique. Journal of Flood Risk Management 7(3):239-250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12045. Angulo C, Becker M, Wassmann R. 2012. Yield gap analysis and assessment of climate-induced yield trends of irrigated rice in selected provinces of the Philippines. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics 113:61-68. http://www.jarts.info/index.php/jarts/article/view/2012082241643 Arias-Navarro C, Díaz-Pinés E, Kiese R, Rosenstock TS, Rufino MC, Stern D, Neufeldt H, Verchot LV, Butterbach-Bahl K. 2013 Gas pooling: A sampling technique to overcome spatial heterogeneity of soil greenhouse gas fluxes. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 67: 20-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.08.011 Arndt C, Chinowsky P, Robinson S, Strzepek K, Tarp F, Thurlow, J. 2012. Economic development under climate change. Review of Development Economics 16:369-377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2012.00668.x. Aryal JP, Mehrotra MB, Jat ML, Sidhu HS. 2015. Impacts of laser land leveling in rice-wheat systems of the north- western indo-gangetic plains of India. Food Security 7(3):725-738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-015-0460-y. Asch F, Giese M. 2012. Crop improvement, ideotyping and modelling for African cropping systems under climate change. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 198:325-326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037X.2012.00534.x. Ash A, Thornton P, Stokes C, Togtohyn C. 2012. Is proactive adaptation to climate change necessary in grazed rangelands? Rangeland Ecology and Management 65:563-568. http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-11-00191.1. Asseng S, Jones JW, Cammarano D, Ewert F, Angulo C, Rosenzweig C, Ruane AC, Goldberg R, Hatfield JL, Boote KJ, Thorburn PJ, Rötter RP, Palosuo T, Brisson N, Basso B, Shcherbak I, Martre P, Aggarwal PK, Bertuzzi P, Ripoche D, Biernath C, Priesack E, Challinor AJ, Doltra J, Gayler S, Grant R, Heng L, Hooker J, Hunt LA, Ingwersen J, Streck T, Izaurralde RC, Kersebaum KC, Nendel C, Müller C, Waha K, Naresh Kumar S, O'Leary G, Olesen JE, Osborne TM, Semenov MA, Stratonovitch P, Steduto P, Stöckle C, Supit I, Wolf J, Tao F, Travasso M, Wallach D, White JW, Williams JR. 2013. Uncertainty in simulating wheat yields under climate change. Nature Climate Change 3: 827-832. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1038/nclimate1916 Avelino J, Cristancho M, Georgiou S, Imbach P, Aguilar L, Bornemann G, Läderach P, Anzueto F, Hruska AJ, Morales C. 2015. The coffee rust crises in Colombia and Central America (2008-2013): impacts, plausible causes and proposed solutions. Food Security 7(2):303-321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-015-0446-9. Awan UK, Ismaeel A. 2014. A new technique to map groundwater recharge in irrigated areas using a SWAT model under changing climate. Journal of Hydrology 519(Part B):1368-1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.08.049. Ayal DY, Desta S, Gebru G, Kinyangi J, Recha J, Radeny M. 2015. Opportunities and challenges of indigenous biotic weather forecasting among the Borena herders of southern Ethiopia. SpringerPlus 4:617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40064-015-1416-6. Baca M, Läderach P, Haggar J, Schroth G, Ovalle O. 2014. An Integrated Framework for Assessing Vulnerability to Climate Change and Developing Adaptation Strategies for Coffee Growing Families in Mesoamerica. PLoS ONE 9(2): e88463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088463. Badu-Apraku B, Akinwale R. 2011. Identification of early-maturing maize inbred lines based on multiple traits under drought and low N environments for hybrid development and population improvement. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 91(5): 931-942. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2010-021 Badu-Apraku B, Fakorede M, Oyekunle M, Akinwale R. 2011. Selection of extra-early maize inbreds under low N and drought at flowering and grain-filling for hybrid production. Maydica 56, 29-41. http://ojs- cra.cilea.it/index.php/maydica/article/view/686 173 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Bagamba F, Bashaasha B, Claessens L, Antle J. 2012. Assessing climate change impacts and adaptation strategies for smallholder agricultural systems in Uganda. African Crop Science Journal 20:303-316. http://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/view/81691/71839 Bamière L, Havlík P, Jacquet F, Lherm M, Millet G, Bretagnolle V. 2011. Farming system modelling for agri- environmental policy design: The case of a spatially non-aggregated allocation of conservation measures. Ecological Economics 70, 891-899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2010.12.014 Banerjee R, Kamanda J, Bantilan C, Singh NP. 2013. Exploring the relationship between local institutions in SAT India and adaptation to climate variability. Natural hazards 65(3): 1443-1464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012- 0417-9 Bastakoti RC, Gupta J, Babel MS, van Dijk MP. 2014. Climate risks and adaptation strategies in the Lower Mekong River Basin. Regional Environmental Change 14(1):207-219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-013-0485-8. Beare D, Machiels M. 2012. Beam trawlermen take feet off gas in response to oil price hikes. ICES Journal of Marine Science 69:1064-1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss057. Beare D, McQuatters-Gollop A, van der Hammen T, Machiels M, Teoh SJ, Hall-Spencer JM. 2013. Long-term trends in calcifying plankton and pH in the North Sea. PLoS ONE 8(5): e61175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0061175 Beare D, Rijnsdorp AD, Blaesberg M, Damm U, Egekvist J, Fock H, Kloppmann M, Röckmann C, Schroeder A, Schulze T, Tulp I, Ulrich C, van Hal R, van Kooten T, Verweij M. 2013. Evaluating the effect of fishery closures: Lessons learnt from the Plaice Box. Journal of Sea Research 84:49-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2013.04.002 Beddington JR, Asaduzzaman M, Clark ME, Fernandez Bremauntz A, Guillou MD, Howlett DJB, Jahn MM, Erda L, Mamo T, Negra C, Nobre CA, Scholes RJ, Nguyen VB, Wakhungu J. 2012. What next for agriculture after Durban? Science 335:289-290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1217941. Beddington JR, Asaduzzaman M, Clark ME, Fernandez Bremauntz A, Guillou MD, Jahn MM, Erda L, Mamo T, Negra C, Nobre CA, Scholes RJ, Sharma R, Nguyen VB, Wakhungu J. 2012. The role for scientists in tackling food insecurity and climate change. Agriculture and Food Security 1:10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2048-7010-1-10. Beedy TL, Ajayi OC, Sileshi GW, Kundhlande G, Chiundu G, Simons AJ. 2012. Scaling up agroforestry to achieve food security and environmental protection among smallholder farmers in Malawi. Field Actions Science Reports 7. http://factsreports.revues.org/2082 Belgacem AO, Louhaichi M. 2013. The vulnerability of native rangeland plant species to global climate change in the West Asia and North African regions. Climatic Change 119: 451-463 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0701-z Bellarby J, Stirling C, Vetter SH, Kassie M, Kanampiu F, Sonder K et al. 2014. Identifying secure and low carbon food production practices: a case study in Kenya and Ethiopia. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 197:137-146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.07.015. Bellon MR, Hodson D, Hellin J. 2011. Assessing the vulnerability of traditional maize seed systems in Mexico to climate change. 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Effect of rainfall intensity, slope, land use and antecedent soil moisture on soil erosion in an arid environment. Land Degradation & Development 24(6):582-590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2239 Ziska LH, Bunce JA, Shimono H, Gealy DR, Baker JT, Newton PCD, Reynolds MP, Jagadish KSV, Zhu C, Howden M, Wilson LT. 2012. Food security and climate change: on the potential to adapt global crop production by active selection to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide. Proceedings of the Royal Society 279(1745). http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.1005 Zomer RJ, Trabucco A, Metzger M, Wang MC, Oli KP, Xu JC. 2014. Projected climate change impacts on spatial distribution of bioclimatic zones and ecoregions within the Kailash sacred landscape of China, India, Nepal. Climatic Change 125(3-4):445-460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1176-2 209 | P a g e 3.10.5 CCAFS response to Accountability Matrix – Caveats to address during development of CRP2 full proposals Annex Table 12. Caveats expressed by the Joint Consortium Board/Centers/Fund Council Working Group, in its Memorandum to the Fund Council to express support for a ‘green light’ to move to full proposal development, dated 30 November 2015 No Item to address Relevant CRP(s) Summary of how the matters has been adequately addressed 1 Greater attention to discerning the role of regionally focused yield-gap AFS programs; n/a closing/ sustainable intensification research in the system, as distinct genetic gain from and a complement to global public goods research in areas such as platform) crop breeding, livestock health, food policy, and others. 2 More clearly articulating the strength of the arguments for maintaining Genebank; n/a genebanks and genetic gain as two separate platforms rather than an Genetic gain 11 integrated effort platforms 3 Crosschecking that consolidation at the cluster of activities or flagship All CCAFS has not added or deleted Flagship Projects or significantly changed their level has not delivered unintended adverse consequences such as focus. A small number of Clusters of Activities have been consolidated as a result removing clarity for key research priorities and/or increasing transaction of the budget cut. But one of the reasons for consolidation is to reduce costs transactions costs for partners; for example the climate foresight work to inform breeding in AFS-CRPs has been combined within the Learning Platform on Ex- ante evaluation and decision support for climate-smart options, which often engages the same set of partners. 4 Providing a clearer understanding of National Partners’ requirements, All In the 21 target countries for CCAFS Phase 2, CCAFS has aligned its priorities with and how the scientific and financial program elements support them national priorities both through direct consultation and engagement, either via dedicated science-policy learning platforms established in Phase I or via liaison with key ministries and NARES, and through alignment with the key national policies and action plans on climate and agriculture (INDCs in 2015, but also NAPs, NAPAs and NAMAs). The strong partnerships that CCAFS has built with national policy partners will serve to provide an internal learning and feedback mechanism so that priorities can be regularly revised to meeting changing national priorities. CCAFS Learning Platform 6 on Partnerships and capacity for scaling CSA hosts national climate change science-policy platforms in 12 of the 21 countries . CCAFS does not have a budget target for national partners, but does set a budget target of 25-30% to non-CGIAR partners. National partners are explicitly targeted for capacity development, particularly to build sustainable skills and capacity in climate-related science, data collection and reporting. 5 Setting out more clearly the interconnection and resources available for All Two Learning Platforms are proposed for gender/youth and for capacity the proposed Communities of Practice in gender/youth and capacity development. The Gender ToC interfaces with Flagship ToCs and each Flagship development, with particular attention to ensuring engagement of will deliver on one of the change hypotheses in the Gender ToC. In addition, each partners in the respective Communities of Practice. Specifically, ensuring Flagship has outcome indicators that include gender dimensions. Gender is 11 There were a number of different views expressed during working group deliberations on this topic. Whilst there was no fundamental opposition to separate platforms, there was a call for making a much stronger case as to why they should be separate. CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes No Item to address Relevant CRP(s) Summary of how the matters has been adequately addressed that the proposed communities of practice operate in a way that will effectively mainstreamed in all Flagships, but when put together, under the result in meaningful progress towards sustainable engagement and leadership of the Gender and Social Inclusion Research Leader, has a body of impact research questions and partnerships designed to make significant progress. The Learning Platform on Partnerships and Capacity for Scaling CSA takes CCAFS capacity development work to a new level. This works across all Flagships and brings together all the engagement work of CCAFS, linked to the ToCs. Concrete research outputs on the role of capacity development, amongst other topics related to scaling up, will underpin facilitating outcomes. 6 Reducing as many transaction costs as possible, particularly regarding All CCAFS has reduced its management costs to 4%, which includes all staff in the management burden Program Management Unit, governance and management costs (including meetings, travel) of the ISC, communications and events operational costs and MEL operational costs, data management operational costs and the management fee to the lead center, which covers financial and legal services. CCAFS and all CRPs have put considerable effort into Site Integration and coordination mechanisms to reduce transaction costs. The ICRPs have agreed to develop a common “Planning and reporting” system. 7 Providing greater emphasis on soils, animal genetic conservation and the WLE, all AFS, n/a potential impact of big data across the portfolio, not limited to genetic Livestock, Big gain Data platform Annex Table 13. Caveats expressed by the ISPC, dated 9 December 2015 ISPC comments on the portfolio (a paraphrase of a longer document) No Item to address Relevant CRP(s) Centers’ summary of how the matters has been adequately addressed Portfolio level 8 Seek explicit prioritization within CRPs (and also between CRPs); balancing All CCAFS has used explicit priority setting approaches in Phase 1 and in the research on ‘upstream’ science with research on how to scale out and up formulation of the Phase 2 proposal. Priority setting for the science and impact relevant new knowledge and technologies (while leaving the delivery of pathway agendas has been done with partners at the flagship project (FP) level. impact at scale to organizations with that remit) The four FP narratives explain the resulting balance among upstream research, downstream research and scaling up and out, specifically in the impact pathways, theories of change and science sections. CCAFS has developed a more nuanced focus on areas of comparative advantage. For example, FP4 has moved from the broad scope of climate risk management towards specific types of interventions for which the CRP has the clearest niche relative to other providers (e.g. climate information services and insurance products). Geographic priority setting is based on a mix of modelling approaches, formalized scoring systems with stakeholders and regional consultations. The CCAFS Independent Steering Committee (ISC) will oversee continued priority setting during Phase 2 as a key responsibility in its ToR. Priority setting is also an important topic of research for CCAFS (prioritization of best-bet interventions under climate change) particularly in FP1. 9 Important to capture synergies between CRPs so that the System delivers All (statement Annex 3.6 “Linkages with other CRPs and Site Integration” explains coordination 211 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes No Item to address Relevant CRP(s) Centers’ summary of how the matters has been adequately addressed more than the sum of the CRPs (the One System One Portfolio mantra) of portfolio and capturing of synergies with other CRPs. The six Learning Platforms are a key synthesis mechanism for cross-CRP synergy. required) 10 Clearer explanations of what W1&2 funding will be used for All The format for the full proposal makes explicit the contribution of W1&W2 funds. The contribution of W1&2 funds to the outcomes and sub-IDOs of CCAFS is given in Tables B and C of the Performance Indicator Matrix for each flagship project, and the budget narrative section clarifies the use of W1/W2. CCAFS has put considerable effort into maximizing the value for money from W1/W2 through careful prioritization and budget allocation, as described in the box in Section 4 of the budget narrative. 11 CRPs should not be expected to adhere to the ‘prioritization’ undertaken All  in a very short time-frame to produce the ‘Refreshed’ submission, but  should hold serious discussion with their partners on which activities to  prioritize according to the principles which were agreed at FC14           The CCAFS draft full proposal has been subject to two rounds of comments from 40 out of 41 strategic partners that span the research and implementation communities. Platforms 12 2 new platforms are proposed: Genebanks and Genetic gains. The ISPC is Not applicable n/a comfortable with the platform on Genebanks 13 Have concerns about the focus of the proposed Genetic Gains and what Genetics Gain n/a the creation of such a platform will mean for the AFS CRPs (and theories platform of change). The ISPC also found the title of ‘Genetic gains’ to be inappropriate as what is proposed is only part of the research required to deliver ‘genetic gains’. The budget needs to be reviewed 14 Supports the concept of an initiative in Big Data and does not want to see Big Data n/a this de-emphasized platform 15 Identify where budget is placed for other arrangements to meet cross All c.f. Guidance The budget narrative document provides comprehensive details on financing of cutting system work originally considered through Expressions of Interest doc cross-cutting aspects. at the pre-proposal stage AFS CRPs 16 DCLAS: The rationale for DCLAS receiving a ‘C’ rating overall (from the This addressed n/a ISPC) related to the breadth of species being considered; the funders are to funders not requested to indicate their priorities for this CRP to CRPs 17 FTA has moved tenure and rights to PIM – although PIM don’t mention FTA, PIM, WLE n/a that. FTA also wants to move the restoration work to WLE. Given the decreased budgets overall, these 2 CRPs may not accept these moves and 212 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes No Item to address Relevant CRP(s) Centers’ summary of how the matters has been adequately addressed the topics may hence disappear. Clarity on the potential loss of these areas is required 18 Livestock and FISH both wish to move some genetics research across to Livestock, Fish, n/a the new platform as may other CRPs, yet the budget sources for those Genetic Gain moves are not clear platform 19 Maize propose to move some bilateral projects out of the CRP due to MAIZE n/a budget cuts. What is an appropriate balance of W1/2 bilateral at the base funding scenario? 20 RAFS (and presumably other CRPs) proposes to reduce the number of RAFS, WHEAT. n/a targeted IDOs and sub-IDOs – and both RAFS and Wheat make reference to cutting back on capacity development due to budget cuts. Realistic adjustments to current funding and base scenario funding will need to be considered by CRPs and funders Global Integrating Programs 21 The ISPC is glad that PIM has agreed to take on the role of co-ordination PIM re role of n/a of a System-wide platform or Community of Practice for gender work, the flagship although we hope that it will be possible to reinstate the original budget. project on It is hoped that down-rating gender from a Flagship to ‘Cross-cutting gender work’ does not reflect diminishing importance of gender 22 A4NH and WLE seem to be following the ISPC recommendations (through A4NH, WLE, The Phase II Guidance document specified a USD 57 million budget, a 22% cut additional steps for integration with CRPs through defined flagships, while CCAFS, PIM from what was in the pre-proposal. More significant was the W1/W2 decline, the CCAFS Summary in Annex 2 suggests the budget cuts: ‘need a totally from USD 36 million in the pre-proposal to USD 21 million. The USD 21 million new business model’, the ISPC understands that only minor changes are represents a more than 50% decline from the budget in 2015. The initial reaction now being proposed on the W1/W2 decline was that some radical changes may be needed, but on further reflection, if fund-raising can be effective, then an overall cut of 22% is more manageable. In response to that cut, CCAFS has reduced target countries (but not regions), reduced the numbers of clusters of activities (CoAs) through combining them with others, and reduced the scope of some sub-topics through cutting projects in those sub-topics (a major planning exercise in 2014 identified projects and sub-topics in relation to regional impact pathways). The strategy for the uplift budget is to re-instate projects in sub-topics that have been removed due to the budget cut. CCAFS has not made significant structural changes, nor does it propose a “totally new business model”. 213 | P a g e CCAFS Full Proposal: Annexes Annex Table 14. Additional caveats expressed by the Fund Council during its ad hoc meeting on 11 December 2015 The Fund Council noted that its granting of a ‘green light’ to move to full proposal development was subject to the caveats noted by the Working Group and ISPC (in their written submission) and the Fund Council’s request for enhanced focus on gender and capacity building. The Fund Council also specifically acknowledged that CGIAR is engaged in an incremental process and some concerns raised by Fund Council members will require additional time and attention before the new portfolio of CRPs is approved. No Item to address Relevant Summary of how the matters has been adequately addressed CRP(s) 23 Enhanced focus on gender and capacity building All In Phase 2 CCAFS plans to invest 20% of the overall budget (the amount allocated to gender across all budget categories) in gender/youth, a slight rise from what was allocated in Phase I. This covers the activities outlined in the gender strategy and the Flagship Programs, which allocate 17-21% to gender. The budget for capacity development is 18% of the overall CRP budget, some allocated through the partnership budget and the remainder accruing from CGIAR staff costs and operational expenses. Each Flagship Project allocates 17- 21% to capacity development. Details of intended outcomes, outputs and activities are given in all FP narratives and in the annex (Annex 3.3 on gender, Annex 3.4 on youth and Annex 3.2 on capacity development). 214 | P a g e