Achieving policy coherence through the WEFE nexus -- with a focus on irrigation Claudia Ringler, IFPRI and co-lead NEXUS Gains w w w .cg ia r.o rg Aw a re n e s s o f n e e d fo r c o h e re n c e • P o licy co h e re n ce ca n o n ly b e a ch ie ve d if t h e re is u n d e rs t a n d in g t h a t c o h e re n c e im p ro ve s o u t co m e s. • Do Ne p a le se t e ch n ica l e xp e rt s a t w a t e r, e n viro n m e n t , a g ricu lt u re , e n e rg y a g e n c ie s b e lie ve t h a t irrig a t io n w ill b e m o re im p a c t fu l if t h e y co m m u n ica t e a n d lo o k fo r c ro ss-se c t o ra l syn e rg ie s?  Sa m p le Tools : E-su rvey on a pprecia tion of linkages a cross key se ctora l a gencies ;  Linkage to SDGs & 7-point synergy/tra deoff scoring sca le P h o t o c re d it : J le o llin e t -SCP To o l: Ele c t ro n ic a n d fa c e -t o -fa c e -s u rve y in t h e Ea s t e rn Nile ; Su rve y q u e s t io n : “On g o in g re g io n a l c o o p e ra t io n is a d e q u a t e t o m in im ize t ra d e o ffs a n d e xp lo it s yn e rg ie s ” 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% 140% Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree Ethiopia Sudan Egypt Berga et al. (2017) To o l: w h ic h SDGs d o e s ir r ig a t io n c o n t r ib u t e t o ? W h ic h SDG w ill b e m o re c h a lle n g in g t o a c h ie ve ? Are t h e re d iffe re n c e a c ro s s ir r ig a t io n p ro je c t s ? To o l: Do e s ir r ig a t io n o r a s p e c ific ir r ig a t io n p ro je c t re in fo rc e , e n a b le , c o n s t ra in , o r c a n c e l t h e a c h ie ve m e n t o f o t h e r g o a ls t h a t Ne p a l w a n t s t o a c h ie ve (i.e . w a t e r /e n e rg y/ fo o d s e c u rit y , g e n d e r e q u it y, e t c .) Nexus Program/Project 7-Point Scoring System INDIVISIBLE The strongest form of positive interaction in which one objective is inextricably linked to the achievement of another. REINFORCING One objective directly creates conditions that lead to the achievement of another objective. ENABLING The pursuit of one objective enables the achievement of another objective. CONSISTENT A neutral relationship where one objective does not significantly interact with another or where interactions are deemed to be neither positive nor negative. CONSTRAINING A mild form of negative interaction when the pursuit of one objective sets a condition or a constraint on the achievement of another. COUNTERACTING The pursuit of one objective counteracts another objective. CANCELLING The most negative interaction is where progress in one goal makes it impossible to reach another goal and possibly leads to a deteriorating state of the second. 0 +2 +3 -1 -2 -3 +1 adapté de Griggs et al. (2016). w w w .cg ia r.o rg Ac h ie vin g p o lic y c o h e re n c e • Irrig a t io n o n ly t h rive s if t h e re is a d e q u a t e a c c e s s t o e n e rg y s o u rc e s b e ca u se irrig a t io n in c re a se s e n e rg y n e e d s Ne e d fo r e n e rg y a n d irrig a t io n d e p a rt m e n t s t o co o rd in a t e  Sa m ple Tool: joint filling of energy-irriga tion ch ecklist b y (p rovincia l) irriga tion a gency/ie s a nd energy depa rtm ents P h o to c re d it : CIMMYT/P . Lo w e En e rg y- Irr ig a t io n Ch e c k lis t Sa m ple pa ge ADB (2017). w w w .cg ia r.o rg Ac h ie vin g p o lic y c o h e re n c e — • W it h o u t p o licy co h e re n ce , irr ig a t io n c a n re d u c e fo o d s e c u rit y a n d n u t r it io n . Dise a se s su ch a s m a la ria a n d w a t e r p o llu t io n fro m p e st ic id e s ca n im p a c t h e a lt h a n d n u t rit io n . If u n d e r-n o u rish e d p e o p le w o rk o n irrig a t e d fie ld s t h a t p ro d u ce ca sh o r n o n -fo o d c ro p s , t h e ir n u t rit io n a l s t a t u s co u ld b e fu rt h e r co m p ro m ise d Ne e d t o s t re n g t h e n lin ka g e s b e t w e e n irrig a t io n , fo o d se cu rit y a n d n u t rit io n t h ro u g h co o rd in a t e d a c t io n b e t w e e n irrig a t io n a g e n cy a n d a g ricu lt u re /n u t rit ion e xp e rt ise ; id e n t ify e n t ry p o in t s t h a t s t re n g t h e n irrig a t io n -n u t rit io n b e n e fit s P h o t o c re d it : J a m e s Mo rg a n /P a n o s P ic t u re s  Sa m ple Tool: Id entify context-specific irriga tion-nutrition indica tors a nd m onitor b e fore a nd a fter irriga tion p roject, dra w ing on irriga tion-nutrition guidance Irr ig a t io n - Nu t rit io n P ro je c t Mo n it o rin g In d ic a t o rs A Sa m ple Bryan et al. (2019). w w w .cg ia r.o rgP h o t o c re d it : St e p h a n ie Ca rrie re Ac h ie vin g p o lic y c o h e re n c e - • W it h o u t p o licy co h e re n ce irrig a t io n is m o re like ly t o d e p le t e a n d p o llu t e w a t e r re s o u rc e s  n e e d t o w o rk w it h e n viro n m e n t a l d e p a rt m e n t t o a sse ss w a ys t o m in im ize w a t e r fo o t p rin t o f irrig a t io n  Sa m ple Tools : Wa ter a ccounting to understa nd current wa ter u se s a nd im pa cts on environm enta l flow s  W AP OR or oth e r RS da ta to a sse ss a ctua l e va potra nsp ira tion from irriga tion w w w .cg ia r.o rg Ac h ie vin g p o lic y c o h e re n c e - • W it h o u t p o licy co h e re n ce irrig a t io n is like ly t o c o n t r ib u t e le s s t o a d d re s s in g c lim a t e c h a n g e t h a n it c o u ld ; d e p e n d in g o n h o w irrig a t io n is m a n a g e d GHG e m issio n s a re ve ry h ig h o r lo w (rice m a n a g e m e n t , fe rt ilize r m a n a g e m e n t , e n e rg y so u rce fo r (g ro u n d )w a t e r p u m p in g , e t c .)  n e e d t o w o rk w it h c lim a t e ch a n g e fo ca l p o in t t o id e n t ify w a ys t o u n d e rst a n d CC im p a c t s o n irrig a t io n w a t e r so u rce ; in c lu d in g d ro u g h t s/flo o d s; a n d id e n t ify m e a su re s t o m a xim ize b o t h a d a p t a t io n a n d m it ig a t io n b e n e fit s fro m irrig a t io n [e n su re m u lt ip le c ro p p in g ] P h o t o c re d it : St é p h a n e Gh io t t i/CNRS  Sa m ple Tools : GHG a ccounting m ea sures ; financia l incentives to irriga tion a gencies/ fa rm ers for reducing e m issions w w w .cg ia r.o rg Su m m a ry • W it h o u t a w a re n e ss t h a t c ro ss-se c t o ra l p o licy co h e re n ce h a s su b st a n t ia l b e n e fit s fo r a ch ie vin g n a t io n a l d e ve lo p m e n t g o a ls p o licy co h e re n ce ca n n o t b e a ch ie ve d • W o rkin g g ro u p s a re a p p ro p ria t e in st it u t io n s t o co o rd in a t e c ro ss-se c t o ra l lin ka g e s a t n a t io n a l/p ro vin ce le ve ls , Mu lt i-St a ke h o ld e r P a rt n e rsh ip s ca n g ro w im p a c t s • Th e re a re m a n y t o o ls t h a t ca n h e lp b rin g ke y a g e n c ie s t o g e t h e r t o s t re n g t h e n syn e rg ie s a n d re d u ce t ra d e o ffs o f irrig a t io n w it h o t h e r im p o rt a n t d e ve lo p m e n t g o a ls • It is im p o rt a n t t o d e ve lo p e a sily m e a su ra b le in d ica t o rs t h a t e n su re t h a t c ro ss-se c t o ra l b e n e fit s a re re t a in e d a n d t ra d e o ffs a re m in im ize d t h ro u g h o u t p o licy / p ro g ra m im p le m e n t a t io n P h o t o c re d it : g m b a ka sh Achieving policy coherence through the WEFE nexus Awareness of need for coherence Tool: Electronic and face-to-face-survey in the Eastern Nile; Survey question: “Ongoing regional cooperation is adequate to minimize tradeoffs and exploit synergies” � Tool: which SDGs does irrigation contribute to? Which SDG will be more challenging to achieve? Are there difference across irrigation projects? � Tool: Does irrigation or a specific irrigation project reinforce, enable, constrain, or cancel the achievement of other goals that Nepal wants to achieve (i.e. water/energy/food security, gender equity, etc.)� Achieving policy coherence Energy- Irrigation Checklist��Sample page Achieving policy coherence— Irrigation-Nutrition Project Monitoring Indicators��A Sample Achieving policy coherence- Achieving policy coherence- Summary