8th World One Health Congress September 22, 2024 Gender considerations in One Health Gender responsive One Health research: A framework for researchers (and others) Prepared by Dr. Zoë Campbell and presented by Dr. Lian Thomas International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) With contributions from Alessandra Galiè, Anni McLeod, Nicholas Ngwili, and Zelalem Terfa 1 Why One Health and gender now? Gender Gender Gender Gender Gender One Health is expected to be gender-responsive (FAO, OIE, WHO and UNEP, 2021) (FAO, OIE, WHO and UNEP, 2021) – One Health High Level Expert Panel Building gender considerations into all of the work we do. Recognizing that women and men, girls and boys may each have their own needs and priorities. Recognising that social customs affect what each of us is able to do, the resources we can access and the decisions we can make – often this is dictated by gender. Considering other characteristics such as age, health status, education, ethnicity and religion. 2 What motivates our partners? Progress towards gender equality More effective development interventions Do no harm – minimizing unintended negative consequences Gender customs and norms are an important part of social customs and norms 3 https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1345273/full 4 Gender and One Heath framework (designed for research for development projects) To identify gender issues that need to be considered at each stage and help to design the gender approach that will work best. 3/ Test interventions 2/ Prioritize interventions to investigate strategic gender QUESTIONS Gender equity as entry point  institutional support The support needed to be able to include gender in research work  1/ Analyze the existing situation 4/ Frame recommendations INTEGRATED gender questions Technical issue as entry point   Main points: Importance of considering gender at EVERY stage of research Importance of planning and building in the necessary institutional support 5 Gender-sensitive diagnostic research Assess status quo: INTEGRATED Assess status quo with technical issue as entry point STRATEGIC Assess status quo with gender equity as entry point Gender approaches Activities that ‘respond’ to gender evidence ACCOMODATIVE Acts based on status quo e.g. Provide info on animal health to those who look after sick animals TRANSFORMATIVE Acts that challenge status quo e.g. Training for those who don’t make veterinary decisions but wish to Using gender-sensitive research for gender-responsive interventions 1 2 ANALYZE EXISTING SITUATION PRIORITIZE INTERVENTIONS Focus of our Gender and One Health Framework Rift Valley fever vaccination of livestock in East Africa ILRI/ Fiona Flintan 1/ Analyze the existing situation Ewaso Nyiro river 8 Mutua, E., Namatovu, J., Campbell, Z., Tumusiime, D., Ouma, E., & Bett, B. (2024). A qualitative study on the effects of intra-household decision-making patterns on utilization of preventive and curative veterinary practices in communities affected by Rift Valley fever in Kenya and Uganda. Gender, Technology and Development. 1/ Analyze the existing situation Not receiving information in time Moving animals and intimidation in the queue Conflict with household responsibilities Vaccinating is a man’s responsibility Mutua, E., De Haan, N., Tumusiime, D., Jost, C., & Bett, B. (2019). A qualitative study on gendered barriers to livestock vaccine uptake in Kenya and Uganda and their implications on Rift Valley fever control. Vaccines. Barriers to women vaccinating for RVF 1/ Analyze the existing situation ‹#› https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31398887/ 10 RVF vaccination campaign, Isiolo County, August 2023 2/ Prioritize interventions to investigate ‹#› https://www.ilri.org/news/promises-and-pitfalls-making-livestock-vaccination-more-accessible 11 3/ Tst interventions 2/ Prioritize interventions to investigate 3/ Test interventions No difference in any of the indicators that would suggest the intervention improved access for women livestock keepers 9% of households (81) chose not to vaccinate some animals (average of 47) – mostly pregnant animals 13 51% of women contributed financially, contributions more likely when household heard through word of mouth 3/ Test interventions ILRI/ Adan Abdi ‹#› 4/ Frame recommendations Our gender ACCOMMODATIVE approach (acts based on status quo) didn’t address barriers caused by RESTRICTIVE GENDER NORMS. A gender TRANSFORMATIVE approach (challenges status quo) would likely be more impactful. In summary… Why gender and One Health? Progress towards gender equality More effective interventions Do no harm Gender-based disadvantage spirals across 3 health domains Integrate gender throughout the project lifecycle Gender customs and norms are an important part of social customs and norms 16 One Health and gender framework Thanks to the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development through the One Health Research, Education and Outreach Centre in Africa (OHRECA); the Sustainable Animal Productivity for Livelihoods, Nutrition and Gender Inclusion (SAPLING) Initiative, and the One Health Initiative which are grateful for the support of CGIAR Trust Fund Contributors. Rift Valley fever research This research was funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and implemented in collaboration with the Isiolo County Government in Kenya. Thank you! ILRI/ Adan Abdi 916 camels vaccinated 17 image11.png image4.png image5.png image6.jpeg image7.png image8.png image9.jpg image10.png image12.tiff image13.png image14.png image3.wmf image1.wmf image15.jpeg image16.png image2.wmf image17.jpeg image18.jpeg image19.jpeg image20.jpeg image21.png image22.png image23.png image24.png image25.png image26.svg image27.jpg image28.png image29.jpeg image30.jpg image31.png image32.png