# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Proceedings of dissemination seminar on drivers of agrifood system transformation in Odisha

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.affiliation[].value
International Food Policy Research Institute

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IFPRI - Foresight and Policy Modeling Unit

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International Food Policy Research Institute

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Proceedings of dissemination seminar on drivers of agrifood system transformation in Odisha

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
The concept of food systems has evolved rapidly in recent years, with a more holistic approach gaining traction among scholars and policymakers. This new perspective encompasses all elements and activities related to food production, processing, distribution, preparation, and consumption, as well as the socioeconomic and environmental outcomes of these activities. Despite growing awareness, the global food system is under threat due to unsustainable practices and the current trajectory of agrifood systems drivers, which risk derailing the achievement of Agenda 2030 targets. Increasingly, international organizations, countries, and civil society groups are utilizing foresight exercises to explore alternative scenarios and pathways for more resilient and sustainable food systems.

Odisha, a predominantly agrarian economy, exemplifies many of these global challenges. More than 75% of its population lives in rural areas, and a significant portion is reliant on agriculture. However, the contribution of agriculture to the state's economy has dwindled to 17%, with manufacturing (37%) and services (36%) sectors dominating. While 48% of Odisha's population is still dependent on agriculture and allied sectors, the sector's contribution to GVA has declined by 11% over the past two decades leading to inefficiencies and disguised employment in the sector, which is exacerbated by poor infrastructure and limited resources. Although Odisha's agriculture sector has seen some  improvements in rice production since the implementation of Green Revolution in Eastern India, overall growth remains low.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.bibliographicCitation[].value
International Food Policy Research Institute. 2024. Proceedings of dissemination seminar on drivers of agrifood system transformation in Odisha. Seminar Hall, Dept. of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha on September 3, 2024. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/155234

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.publisher[].value
International Food Policy Research Institute

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.publisher[].value
Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Maize yield as affected by the interaction of fertilizer nitrogen and phosphorus in the Guinea savanna of Nigeria

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.affiliation[].value
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Maize yield as affected by the interaction of fertilizer nitrogen and phosphorus in the Guinea savanna of Nigeria

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
The soils of the Nigeria savannas are particularly low in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and negatively affects maize productivity. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the interactive effect of N and P fertilizers on maize growth, grain yield, nitrogen uptake and N use efficiency. Field experiments were conducted during the 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons at Iburu in southern Guinea and Zaria in northern Guinea savanna zones of Nigeria. The treatments consisted of three levels of nitrogen (0, 60, and 120 kg N ha−1) and three levels of phosphorus (0, 13, and 26 kg P ha−1). The experimental design consisted of three replications in a split-plot design, with N as the main plot and P as the subplot. Our results show that the response of maize to N depends on the application of P. Higher yields were obtained with the combined application of 120 kg N ha−1 and 26 kg P ha−1 in both locations. With no P applied, plant N uptake (PNU) was greater at N rate of 120 kg ha−1 at Iburu while in Zaria, it increases with increase in N from 0 to 60 kg ha−1. When P was applied at 13 kg ha−1, the PNU increased by 52 and 66% at Iburu while in Zaria the increases were 51 and 57% each with N application of 60 and 120 kg ha−1, respectively, compared with zero N rate. The values for N recovery efficiency (NRE) and agronomic efficiency (AE) were lower for N rate of 120 than for 60 kg ha−1 irrespective of P application rate at both locations. The N utilization efficiency (NUTE) however was higher at 120 N kg ha−1 under 26 kg P ha−1across locations. It can be concluded from these results that in low fertile soils environments such as the Nigeria savannas, N fertilizer should be applied along with P fertilizer for optimum growth, grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of maize.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.bibliographicCitation[].value
Tofa, A., Kamara, A., Babaji, B.A., Aliyu, K.T., Ademulegun, T. & Bebeley, J.F. (2022). Maize yield as affected by the interaction of fertilizer nitrogen and phosphorus in the Guinea savanna of Nigeria. Heliyon, 8(11), 1-9.

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Input requirements and their costs for fodder banks and other livestock services

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Input requirements and their costs for fodder banks and other livestock services

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Presents input requirements and costs for fodder banks and other services. Includes materials for establishing fodder bank fence and for feeding, and management inputs by pastoralists & extension.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.publisher[].value
International Livestock Centre for Africa

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Enhancing investment in soil health and carbon storage: Hackathon Day Two The Hack

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.affiliation[].value
CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.crp[].value
Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.author[].value
CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Enhancing investment in soil health and carbon storage: Hackathon Day Two The Hack

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
In this session of the two-day hackathon, participants we divided into groups to develop a soil carbon accounting approach for one of four projects proposed by TNC, 4per1000, and World Bank for reducing accounting costs and uncertainties to achieve investor needs. A keynote presentation was given by Chandra Shekhar from the World Bank. 

This event was co-organized by CCAFS-CGIAR, The Nature Conservancy, 4 per 1000 Executive Secretariat, World Bank and the Meridian Institute.

The purpose of this webinar and workshop series was to support investment-oriented actions promoting soil health and carbon storage by improving the accounting of soil carbon sequestration. We sought to answer the question: How can soil carbon accounting improve to support investment-oriented actions promoting soil health and carbon storage?

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.bibliographicCitation[].value
CCAFS, 4Per100, TNC, WB. 2020. Enhancing investment in soil health and carbon storage: Hackathon Day Two The Hack. Wageningen, The Netherlands: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.publisher[].value
CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
CSA practices implemented and evalauted across the CSV network in 2017

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.affiliation[].value
CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.crp[].value
Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
CSA practices implemented and evalauted across the CSV network in 2017

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
This progress report summarizes the CSA practices, technologies and services  implemented and/ or evaluated in 2017 across the CCAFS Climate-Smart villages network

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.bibliographicCitation[].value
Bonilla-Findji O, Bui Tan Y, Castellanos A, Khatri-Chhetri A, Kimeli P, Martinez- Baron D, Martínez J, Ortega LA, Ouedraogo M, Radeny M, Recha J.  2018. CSA options implemented and evaluated across the CCAFS Climate-Smart Villages AR4D sites: 2017 Global Inventory. Wageningen, The Netherlands: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).

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Metodología para seleccionar zonas de intervención con cultivos biofortificados

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.affiliation[].value
International Center for Tropical Agriculture

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Metodología para seleccionar zonas de intervención con cultivos biofortificados

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OBJETIVO: Identificar zonas geográficas de América Latina y el Caribe para la biofortificación de cultivos básicos como frijol, maíz, arroz, yuca y batata, contribuyendo así a reducir las deficiencias nutricionales en la Región.

MÉTODO: Se generó un sistema de información geográfica (SIG) que incluyó registros sobre riesgos nutricionales, producción de cultivos, consumos alimenticios, y datos demográficos y socioeconómicos para 11 países de la Región. Se realizaron cuatro estudios de caso (en Guatemala, México, Bolivia y Colombia) basados en un análisis exploratorio y descriptivo de mapas temáticos, y su superposición y comparación para buscar patrones espaciales e identificar zonas candidatas de intervención.

RESULTADOS: En Guatemala, las mayores tasas de riesgos nutricionales, producción de frijol y densidad poblacional coincidieron en las regiones Nororiental y Suroriental. En México, la distribución espacial de los niveles más altos de riesgos nutricionales, pobreza y producción de maíz se concentraron en los municipios del centro y sur. En Bolivia la producción de frijol tendió a situarse en el este del país, y el riesgo nutricional en el oeste. En Colombia, tanto los riesgos nutricionales como la producción de yuca mostraron una gran dispersión geográfica.

CONCLUSIONES: Para Guatemala se propone la biofortificación con hierro del frijol en el sur de la región Nororiental y en la Suroriental, en México, la biofortificación del maíz con aminoácidos en los municipios productores del centro y sur del país; para Bolivia, una intervención con frijol biofortificado con hierro y zinc en zonas productoras de Santa Cruz, Chuquisaca y Tarija; y en Colombia, la biofortificación de yuca con β-caroteno en los departamentos de Córdoba y Cundinamarca.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
OBJECTIVE: To identify geographical areas in Latin America and the Caribbean where biofortification of staple crops, such as beans, corn, rice, cassava, and sweet potatoes, might help reduce nutritional deficiencies in the Region.

METHODS: A geographic information system (GIS) was produced with records on nutritional risks, crop production, food consumption, and demographic and socioeconomic data, for 11 countries in the Region. Four case studies were conducted (in Bolivia, Colombia, Guatemala, and Mexico) using exploratory and descriptive analysis of thematic maps that were superimposed and compared to reveal overlapping and spatial patterns, thereby identifying areas suited to intervention.

RESULTS: In Guatemala, the highest rates of nutritional risk, bean production, and population density overlapped in the northeast and southeast areas. In Mexico, spatial distribution of the highest risk levels for nutrition, poverty, and corn production were concentrated in the central and southern municipalities. In Bolivia, bean production tended to be in the eastern part of the country, and nutritional risk, in the west. In Colombia, both nutritional risk and cassava production showed wide geographic dispersion.

CONCLUSIONS: For Guatemala, we propose iron biofortification of beans in the southern parts of the northeast and southeast; for Mexico, amino-acid biofortification of corn in the central and southern municipalities that produce it; for Bolivia, iron and zinc biofortification of beans in the bean-producing areas of Santa Cruz, Chuquisaca, and Tarija; and for Colombia, β-carotene biofortification of cassava in the Cordoba and Cundinamarca departments.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.alternative[].value
Methodology for selecting areas for biofortified crop intervention

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.bibliographicCitation[].value
Monserrate Rojas, F. A., Pachón, H., Hyman, G. G., & Vesga Varela, A. L. (2009). Metodología para seleccionar zonas de intervención con cultivos biofortificados. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 26(5): 419–428. FapUNIFESP (SciELO). https://doi.org/10.1590/s1020-49892009001100006

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El papel del patologo, entomologo y otros en adicion del mejorador. Importancia de trabajar en equipo

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
El papel del patologo, entomologo y otros en adicion del mejorador. Importancia de trabajar en equipo

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
The advantages of a multidisciplinary team approach in bean improvement programs to study the different aspects (biological, climatic, and edaphic) affecting production are indicated. The activities of each specialist complement those of the other members, thus increasing working efficiency. However, the administrative structure existing at several institutions hinders the development of a coordinated work team that integrates the different specialists. CIAT's contribution regarding the training of personnel in this area at the different national institutions is recommended. (CIAT)

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
Se senalan las ventajas de realizar un trabajo multidisciplinario, con la participacion de varios especialistas, en los programas de mejoramiento de frijol, para estudiar los diversos aspectos (biologicos, climaticos y edaficos) que afectan la produccion. Asi, las actividades de cada especialista complementan la de los demas miembros, incrementando la eficiencia del trabajo. Sin embargo, la estructura administrativa de algunas instituciones impide la integracion de los especialistas en un equipo de trabajo coordinado, por lo cual se sugiere la colaboracion de CIAT para capacitar el recurso humano que trabaja en las diferentes instituciones nacionales. (CIAT)

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.bibliographicCitation[].value
Pastor Corrales, M.A.. 1989. El papel del patologo, entomologo y otros en adicion del mejorador. Importancia de trabajar en equipo . In: Dessert, M. (ed.). Taller Regional de Mejoramiento de Frijol (El Manejo Práctico de Programas de Mejoramiento Genetico) (1989, Jutiapa, Guatemala). Trabajos presentados . Programa Cooperativo Regional de Frijol para Centroamérica, México y el Caribe (PROFRIJOL), San José, CR. p. 29-35.  (Documento no. 89-3)

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.publisher[].value
Programa Cooperativo Regional de Frijol para Centroamérica, México y el Caribe (PROFRIJOL)

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New Directions in water research: IWMI at the threshold of the twenty-first century

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.journal[].value
International Journal of Water Resources Development

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
New Directions in water research: IWMI at the threshold of the twenty-first century

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.bibliographicCitation[].value
Merrey, D. J.; Perry, C. J. 1999. New Directions in water research: IWMI at the threshold of the twenty-first century. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 15(1/2):5-16.

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A Food Secure World for All: Toward a New Vision and Strategy - Companion Paper on Priority Research and Related Activity Themes

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
A Food Secure World for All: Toward a New Vision and Strategy - Companion Paper on Priority Research and Related Activity Themes

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
Companion paper to TAC's vision and strategy statement for the CGIAR, describing the analytical framework for identifying priority themes in future CGIAR research agendas.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.affiliation[].value
Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.author[].value
Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
The flat, sandy landscape of the Sahel is the last place one would expect to find a green revolution taking place. 'Yet, a revolution of a sort has quietly taken place in the Sahelian flora that contradicts observations in other arid and semi-arid...

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.bibliographicCitation[].value
CTA. 1994. Annuals naturally at home in the Sahel. Spore 50. CTA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.description[].value
The flat, sandy landscape of the Sahel is the last place one would expect to find a green revolution taking place. 'Yet, a revolution of a sort has quietly taken place in the Sahelian flora that contradicts observations in other arid and semi-arid areas,' reports Dr Pierre Hiernaux, an ecologist working with the International Livestock Centre for Africa. 

The vegetation of the Sahel is mostly herbaceous and is dominated by annual grasses. Unlike other dry environments, such as the Kalahari Desert in Southern Africa, perennial grasses and herbs are rare in the Sahel and succulents are generally absent. Some environmentalists believe that the predominance of annuals in the Sahel is a sign of degradation. But the presence of perennials in southern Sahara contradicts the hypothesis that annuals assert themselves with increased aridity. Observations have shown that the increase in annual plants in the Sahel is neither due to increased aridity nor the result of heavy grazing. 

The fact that annuals dominate the natural vegetation of the Sahel may to be due to their ability to adapt to the two main characteristics of the Sahelian environment, namely extreme aridity toward the end of the dry season and a relatively regular seasonal distribution of the rains. Perennials have to expend huge amounts of energy just to stay alive between two rainy seasons and, as a result, they are unable to take full advantage of the available moisture when the rains start. Annuals on the other hand, invest a large part of their energy in seed production and protection. Seed dormancy during the dry season reduces the risk of seed wastage, while diverse germination strategies enable annuals to compete effectively with perennials for soil moisture and nutrients. 

Comparisons with Australia's Northern Territory have shown that the big-climate gradients in this region is the exact opposite of that in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa. Both regions have poor soils but they differ in terms of their rainfall distribution. 

In the Northern Territory of Australia, the seasonal mon-soonal rains become less regular with increasing aridity and may occur at any time during the year in the region's very arid southern parts. In the steppes of the southern Sahara, where rains are so scarce that they can hardly be described as seasonal, as well as in the Australian deserts, perennials have a comparative advantage over annuals because of the Irregular distribution of rainfall. 

The subhumid savannas of northern Australia have evolved under low grazing pressure, from large ruminants or other large grazers. Thus if annual plants dominate there, this cannot be due to overgrazing. The northern parts of the Sahel are also subjected to relatively low grazing pressure. Since the distribution of seasonal rains in the Sahel is as regular as in Australia's northern savannas, the predominance of annuals in the Sahelian vegetation would appear to be the result of adaptation to climate rather than a sign of degradation. 

Inca Alipui 
ILCA, BP 5689 
Addis Ababa ETHIOPIA

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.publisher[].value
Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Andrew Mold "The African Continental Free Trade Area: How will economic distribution change?"

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.contributor.author[].value
International Food Policy Research Institute

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Andrew Mold "The African Continental Free Trade Area: How will economic distribution change?"

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
Andrew Mold POLICY SEMINAR Virtual Event - The African Continental Free Trade Area: How will economic distribution change? DEC 15, 2020 - 09:30 AM TO 10:45 AM EST

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Northern Nigeria: Sheep and goat production in the traditional Fulani agropastoral sector

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Northern Nigeria: Sheep and goat production in the traditional Fulani agropastoral sector

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
Data are presented on the performance of Yankasa sheep and Red Sokoto goats kept by Fulani pastoralistst in a traditional agropastoral system in north Nigeria. Some comparisons are made with data from other studies in Nigeria and various West African countries. It is evident that small ruminant, especially goats, are important in providing ready cash for small household requirements. Management, nutrition and pre-weaning mortality are the main constraints to increased productivity, and efforts should be made to develop low-cost, low technology assistance in these areas.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.bibliographicCitation[].value
Otchere, E.O., Ahmed, H.U., Adenowo, T.K., Kallah, M.S., Bawa, E.L.K., Olorunju, S.A.S. and Voh, A.A. Jr. 1987. Northern Nigeria: Sheep and goat production in the traditional Fulani agropastoral sector. FAO World Animal Review 64: 50-55.

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Breeding implications of nodulation performance and root structure under natural inoculation for soil fertility enhancement and sustainable cowpea production

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.affiliation[].value
Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.affiliation[].value
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Breeding implications of nodulation performance and root structure under natural inoculation for soil fertility enhancement and sustainable cowpea production

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
Nitrogen deficiency is the most limiting abiotic stress factor affecting the grain yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Breeding for high-yielding potential in association with high nitrogen fixation performance is the principal objective of cowpea breeding programs to improve both the productivity and production of this orphan crop in the region. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to determine the diversity of genotypes for nodulation capacity in two environments and to understand the
root architecture and morphology of genotypes as well as grain yield and yield-related traits in 324 cowpea genotypes. The experiment was conducted in two different environments during the 2017 cropping season. The experiments were laid out in 18 × 18 simple lattice design. Grain yield exhibited highly significant and positive genotypic correlations with stem diameter, basal root length of 1st whorls, basal root branching density, taproot length and adventitious root length, demonstrating that selection of cowpea genotypes
based on these traits could be effective to capitalize on grain yield under low nitrogen conditions. Days to flowering, days to maturity, stem diameter, 1st whorl angle, basal root length of 1st whorls, basal root branching density, taproot length, adventitious root diameter and adventitious root length had significant and positive genotypic correlations with days to maturity. The first ten principal components (PC) explained 65.13% of the total variation. Stem diameter, taproot width, and taproot length traits were important contributors
to the variability in the first PC. The highest inter-cluster distance (D2) was recorded between clusters III and IV. However, clusters II and V recorded the minimum inter-cluster distance (78.96 units). The range of intra-cluster distance was 24.22–5,112.92 units, indicating that the high genetic distance displayed within and between clusters has to be exploited via crossing and selecting the most divergent parents for future cowpea improvement. Five clusters of cowpea genotypes were evident, and within the clusters, the genotypes had good nodulation potential with high grain yield traits, which could significantly contribute to SSA food and nutritional security. Moreover, it can contribute to resilience and improve crop production and sustainability
under marginal environmental conditions.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.bibliographicCitation[].value
Mekonnen, T.W., Hailemariam, F.M., Amsalu, B., Gedil, M. & Labuschagne, M.T. (2022). Breeding implications of nodulation performance and root structure under natural inoculation for soil fertility enhancement and sustainable cowpea production. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 6: 1076760, 1-14.

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Institutional and capacity challenges in agricultural policy process: The case of Democratic Republic of Congo

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.identifier.project[].value
IFPRI - Development Strategy and Governance Division

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Institutional and capacity challenges in agricultural policy process: The case of Democratic Republic of Congo

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.abstract[].value
This paper is an exploratory study that looks at early stages of the decentralization and other reforms in the policymaking and planning processes in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The paper develops a conceptual framework and adopts an innovative mapping tool to identify capacity and incentive challenges impeding the effective design and implementation of policy processes. Findings suggest that the decentralized platform, through the Agriculture and Rural Management Councils, has shown some improvement in civil society participation in local-level and national-level policy and planning processes; however, these councils are being threatened by sustainability of funds and lack of demonstrated benefits and impact of participation. The weak institutions for managing, coordinating, overseeing, and monitoring seriously hinder the attainment of an evidence-based and inclusive policy process. Findings also suggest an alarmingly inadequate and aging staff in key public-sector organizations both at the national and local levels, which warrants an urgent and speedy design and implementation of the civil service and human resource reform process to accelerate recovery and development in the economy. This paper concludes with specific suggestions and considerations for priority actions to address the institutional challenges in the reform process and strategic training investments. Finally, we identify key areas for future research.

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.bibliographicCitation[].value
Ragasa, Catherine; Babu, Suresh Chandra; Ulimwengu, John M. 2011. Institutional and capacity challenges in agricultural policy process: The case of Democratic Republic of Congo. IFPRI Discussion Paper 1066. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/154580

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.publisher[].value
International Food Policy Research Institute

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
CGIAR Initiative on Sustainable Animal Productivity for Livelihoods, Nutrition and Gender Inclusion (SAPLING): IPSR Innovation Portfolio Management Report

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.affiliation[].value
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.affiliation[].value
Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.affiliation[].value
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.cg.contributor.affiliation[].value
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
CGIAR Initiative on Sustainable Animal Productivity for Livelihoods, Nutrition and Gender Inclusion (SAPLING): IPSR Innovation Portfolio Management Report

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CGIAR Research Initiative on Sustainable Animal Productivity for Livelihoods, Nutrition and Gender Inclusion aims to transform the livestock sector in Ethiopia, Kenya, Mali, Nepal, Uganda, Tanzania, and Vietnam, with the objective of enhancing productivity, resilience, equity, and sustainability. This goal will be accomplished by developing new technologies and practices and adapting existing ones to bolster sustainable livestock production. Additionally, the initiative will encourage innovative practices for the safe consumption of livestock-derived foods as part of diverse diets. Gender equity and social inclusion will be prioritised, and efforts will be made to promote competitive and inclusive livestock value chains. The initiative will also generate and consolidate evidence, as well as scalable models and tools. This report offers an overview of the portfolio of innovations of the initiative and its partners.

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Baltenweck, I., Rekik, M., Ouma, E., Galie, A., Kassie, G.T., Notenbaert, A., Mwai, O.A., Haile, A., Dione, M., Wamatu, J., Thierfelder, C.L., Padmakumar, V., Rao, J., Esatu, W., Sanchez-Garcia, M., Hammond, J., Konlambigue, M., Lacasta, A. and Marshall, K. 2023. CGIAR Initiative on Sustainable Animal Productivity for Livelihoods, Nutrition and Gender Inclusion (SAPLING): IPSR Innovation Portfolio Management Report. First edition, March 2023. Montpellier: CGIAR System Organization.

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IPSR Innovation Portfolio Management Report

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Ada’a-Liben Woreda Pilot Learning Site diagnosis, program design and atlas

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Ada’a-Liben Woreda Pilot Learning Site diagnosis, program design and atlas

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ILRI. 2005. Ada’a-Liben Woreda Pilot Learning Site diagnosis, program design and atlas. Nairobi, Kenya: ILRI.

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Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR): Audited Financial Statements for the Years Ended December 31 2008 and 2007

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Center for International Forestry Research

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Center for International Forestry Research

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Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR): Audited Financial Statements for the Years Ended December 31 2008 and 2007

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Independent auditor's report for CIFOR's financial statements as at December 31, 2008 and 2007. Audit carried out by Siddharta Siddharta & Widjaja, member of KPMG, Jakarta, Indonesia.

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Center for International Forestry Research

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Les études d'impact à mi-parcours sont publiées

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Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation

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Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation

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Les études d'impact à mi-parcours sont publiées

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La Commission européenne a publié, 
              le 15 janvier...

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CTA. 2003. Les études d'impact à mi-parcours sont publiées. Février 2003. CTA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

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La Commission européenne a publié, 
              le 15 janvier 2003, deux études internes et quatre études 
              externes qui examinent l'impact probable des propositions du bilan 
              à mi-parcours de la Commission sur l'agriculture de l'UE 
              à 15 et à 25. Dans les communiqués de presse 
              qui accompagnent ces études, la Commission précise 
              que la proposition de 'découplage' de l'aide par rapport 
              à la production ne conduirait pas à un abandon de 
              la production mais améliorerait sensiblement les équilibres 
              du marché de l'UE. Il a été noté que 
              les principales conséquences du découplage interviendraient 
              surtout dans le secteur du boe



uf alors que son impact serait 
              négligeable dans le secteur arable. La Commission a soutenu 
              que ses propositions de modulation auraient un effet globalement 
              positif sur les revenus agricoles. Le 6 janvier, le Commissaire 
              à l'agriculture Franz Fischler, commentant les principaux 
              résultats de ces études, a soutenu que les versements 
              directs découplés ne marqueraient pas la fin de l'agriculture 
              dans l'UE et ne conduiraient pas aux 'pénuries alimentaires 
              dans toute l'Europe annoncées par certains oiseaux de mauvaise 
              augure'. Il a souligné que le niveau de production du secteur 
              des céréales serait à peine affecté 
              et que, même si une diminution de 3% était observée 
              dans le secteur du boe



uf, elle irait de pair avec le passage 
              à une production moins intensive et plus qualitative qui 
              déboucherait sur une augmentation du revenu des producteurs 
              de l'ordre de 4%. Le Commissaire Fischler a souligné que 
              2003 est une année décisive pour la PAC, les Ministres 
              de l'UE étant appelés à se prononcer à 
              la mi-2003. Le dépôt des propositions spécifiques 
              de réglementations était programmé pour la 
              semaine du 20 janvier.



Comment:

Il faut noter que l'étude d'impact du bilan à mi-parcours 
              n'a examiné que les secteurs où la Commission a prévu 
              de faire des propositions spécifiques. Les évaluations 
              n'ont pas (et ne peuvent pas avoir) examiné les conséquences 
              des réformes possibles sur le lait, le sucre, l'huile d'olive 
              et certains régimes de fruits et légumes que la Commission 
              pourrait proposer d'ici à 2009. La question des conséquences 
              du passage à un système de versements uniques découplés 
              reste donc ouverte dans l'hypothèse où les secteurs 
              du lait, de l'huile d'olive, des fruits et des légumes étaient 
              intégrés dans le plan (comme il semble que ce soit 
              l'intention à long terme de la Commission à la lumière 
              des propositions du bilan à mi-parcours).
            Il faut aussi garder à l'esprit que, lorsque les propositions 
              de la Commission seront soumises au Conseil des Ministres de l'UE, 
              les Etats-membres auront obtenu des concessions spécifiques 
              dans les secteurs qu'ils jugent essentiels, avec de probables incitations 
              supplémentaires à la production non prises en compte 
              par les récents exercices de modélisation.

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Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.name
Multiple use water services: scoping study synthesis. Final report [MUS project].

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dc.title[].value
Multiple use water services: scoping study synthesis. Final report [MUS project].

# _embedded.searchResult._embedded.objects[]._embedded.indexableObject.metadata.dcterms.bibliographicCitation[].value
van Koppen, Barbara; Smits, S. 2012. Multiple use water services: scoping study synthesis. Final report [MUS project]. Pretoria, South Africa: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); New York, NY, USA: Rockefeller Foundation; Hague, Netherlands: International Water and Sanitation Centre (IRC).  59p.

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International Water and Sanitation Centre

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Efficacy of HPAI vaccination in Kampong chicken in Java: results of laboratory trials testing different vaccination schemes

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Efficacy of HPAI vaccination in Kampong chicken in Java: results of laboratory trials testing different vaccination schemes

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Unger, F.; Siregar, E.; Priyono, W.; Bett, B.; McLaws, M.; Jost, C.; Mariner, J.C. 2009. Efficacy of HPAI vaccination in Kampong chicken in Java: results of laboratory trials testing different vaccination schemes. Paper presented at the 12th conference of the International Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Durban, South Africa, 10-14 August 2009. Nairobi (Kenaya): ILRI

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(ICARDA), International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas

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Ронни Верной

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Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation

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International Food Policy Research Institute

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International Center for Tropical Agriculture

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CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

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, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources

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Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Zimbabwe

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Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation

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International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

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International Center for Tropical Agriculture

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International Food Policy Research Institute

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West and Central African Food Systems Transformation

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Gender equality, youth and social inclusion

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Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

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Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation

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International Food Policy Research Institute

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International Center for Tropical Agriculture

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United States Agency for International Development