Efficacy of Zinc Fortified and Fermented Wheat Flour (EZAFFAW): A randomized controlled trial protocol

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cg.authorship.typesNot CGIAR developing country institute
cg.contributor.affiliationAga Khan University
cg.contributor.affiliationBahauddin Zakariya University
cg.contributor.affiliationPakistan Academy of Sciences
cg.contributor.affiliationForman Christian College
cg.contributor.affiliationHospital for Sick Children, Toronto
cg.coverage.countryPakistan
cg.coverage.regionAsia
cg.coverage.regionSouthern Asia
cg.howPublishedFormally Published
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304462
cg.identifier.projectIFPRI - HarvestPlus
cg.identifier.publicationRankB
cg.isijournalISI Journal
cg.issn1932-6203
cg.issue6
cg.journalPLoS ONE
cg.reviewStatusPeer Review
cg.volume19
dc.contributor.authorDas, Jai K.
dc.contributor.authorPadhani, Zahra Ali
dc.contributor.authorKhan, Muhammad
dc.contributor.authorMirani, Mushtaq
dc.contributor.authorRizvi, Arjumand
dc.contributor.authorChauhadry, Imran Ahmed
dc.contributor.authorYasin, Rahima
dc.contributor.authorIsmail, Tariq
dc.contributor.authorAkhtar, Saeed
dc.contributor.authorBegum, Kehkashan
dc.contributor.authorIqbal, Junaid
dc.contributor.authorHumayun, Khadija
dc.contributor.authorNaseem, Hamna Amir
dc.contributor.authorMalik, Kauser Abdulla
dc.contributor.authorBhutta, Zulfiqar A.
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-09T17:40:00Z
dc.date.available2025-07-09T17:40:00Z
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/175567
dc.titleEfficacy of Zinc Fortified and Fermented Wheat Flour (EZAFFAW): A randomized controlled trial protocolen
dcterms.abstractBackground Zinc deficiency poses significant health risks, particularly in low-income settings. This study aims to evaluate the impact of agronomically zinc biofortified (fermented and non-fermented) and post-harvest wheat flour flatbread on zinc status and metabolic health in adolescents and adult women in rural Pakistan. Methods A four-arm triple-blind randomized controlled trial will be conducted in a rural district of Paki stan. Participants (adolescents aged 10–19 and adult women aged 20–40) will be assigned to receive fermented or unfermented high zinc agronomically biofortified wheat flour flat bread, post-harvest zinc-fortified wheat flour flatbread, or low zinc conventional whole wheat flour flatbread. The meal would be served once a day, six days a week for six months. The study aims to enroll 1000 participants and will be analyzed based on the intention-to-treat principle. The trial is registered with number NCT06092515. Outcomes Primary outcomes will include serum zinc concentration and metabolic markers, while secondary outcomes include anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and dietary intake. Conclusion This trial will provide valuable insights into the efficacy of agronomically zinc biofortified wheat flour in improving zinc status and metabolic health. Findings may inform public health strategies to combat zinc deficiency in resource-limited settings.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceScientists
dcterms.available2024-06-20
dcterms.bibliographicCitationDas, Jai K.; Padhani, Zahra Ali; Khan, Muhammad; Mirani, Mushtaq; Rizvi, Arjumand; Chauhadry, Imran Ahmed; et al. 2024. Efficacy of Zinc Fortified and Fermented Wheat Flour (EZAFFAW): A randomized controlled trial protocol. PLoS ONE 19(6): e0304462. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304462
dcterms.issued2024-06
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0
dcterms.publisherPLOS
dcterms.subjectzinc
dcterms.subjectnutrient deficiencies
dcterms.subjectbiofortification
dcterms.subjectwheat flour
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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