Evidence for the presence of African swine fever virus in an endemic region of Western Kenya in the absence of any reported outbreak

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research institute
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Edinburgh
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Institute
cg.contributor.affiliationUnited States Department of Agriculture
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Liverpool
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Health
cg.contributor.donorBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, United Kingdom
cg.contributor.donorMedical Research Council, United Kingdom
cg.contributor.donorWellcome Trust
cg.contributor.donorDepartment for International Development, United Kingdom
cg.contributor.donorNatural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
cg.contributor.donorDefence Science and Technology Laboratory, United Kingdom
cg.contributor.donorUnited States Department of Agriculture
cg.contributor.donorDeutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
cg.coverage.countryKenya
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KE
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africa
cg.creator.identifierLian Thomas: 0000-0001-8447-1210
cg.creator.identifierRichard Bishop: 0000-0002-3720-9970
cg.creator.identifierWilliam de Glanville: 0000-0003-2474-0356
cg.creator.identifierElizabeth Cook: 0000-0001-6081-8363
cg.creator.identifierEric M. Fèvre: 0000-0001-8931-4986
cg.howPublishedFormally Published
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-016-0830-5
cg.isijournalISI Journal
cg.issn1746-6148
cg.issue1
cg.journalBMC Veterinary Research
cg.number192
cg.reviewStatusPeer Review
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL DISEASES
cg.subject.ilriASF
cg.subject.ilriEPIDEMIOLOGY
cg.subject.ilriLIVESTOCK
cg.subject.ilriPIGS
cg.volume12
dc.contributor.authorThomas, Lian F.
dc.contributor.authorBishop, Richard P.
dc.contributor.authorOnzere, Cynthia K.
dc.contributor.authorMcintosh, M.T.
dc.contributor.authorLemire, K.A.
dc.contributor.authorGlanville, William A. de
dc.contributor.authorCook, Elizabeth A.J.
dc.contributor.authorFèvre, Eric M.
dc.date.accessioned2016-09-09T12:58:08Zen
dc.date.available2016-09-09T12:58:08Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/77002
dc.titleEvidence for the presence of African swine fever virus in an endemic region of Western Kenya in the absence of any reported outbreaken
dcterms.abstractBackground: African swine fever (ASF), caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a severe haemorrhagic disease of pigs, outbreaks of which can have a devastating impact upon commercial and small-holder pig production. Pig production in western Kenya is characterised by low-input, free-range systems practised by poor farmers keeping between two and ten pigs. These farmers are particularly vulnerable to the catastrophic loss of livestock assets experienced in an ASF outbreak. This study wished to expand our understanding of ASFV epidemiology during a period when no outbreaks were reported. Results: Two hundred and seventy six whole blood samples were analysed using two independent conventional and real time PCR assays to detect ASFV. Despite no recorded outbreak of clinical ASF during this time, virus was detected in 90/277 samples analysed by conventional PCR and 142/209 samples analysed by qPCR. Genotyping of a sub-set of these samples indicated that the viruses associated with the positive samples were classified within genotype IX and that these strains were therefore genetically similar to the virus associated with the 2006/2007 ASF outbreaks in Kenya. Conclusion: The detection of ASFV viral DNA in a relatively high number of pigs delivered for slaughter during a period with no reported outbreaks provides support for two hypotheses, which are not mutually exclusive: (1) that virus prevalence may be over-estimated by slaughter-slab sampling, relative to that prevailing in the wider pig population; (2) that sub-clinical, chronically infected or recovered pigs may be responsible for persistence of the virus in endemic areas.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceScientists
dcterms.available2016-09-08
dcterms.bibliographicCitationThomas, L.F., Bishop, R.P., Onzere, C., Mcintosh, M.T., Lemire, K.A., Glanville, W.A. de, Cook, E.A.J. and Fèvre, E.M. 2016. Evidence for the presence of African swine fever virus in an endemic region of Western Kenya in the absence of any reported outbreak. BMC Veterinary Research 12: 192.en
dcterms.issued2016-12
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0
dcterms.publisherSpringer
dcterms.subjectanimal diseasesen
dcterms.subjectepidemiologyen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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