Reinventing payment for environmental services (PES) from the ground up: An alternative, community-driven model in China

Reconciling and harmonizing rural development, food security, equity and social inclusion, and conservation remains challenging for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as they work toward meeting the Sustainable Development Goals. Payment for environmental services (PES) offers a promising, market-based approach to these challenges, helping to encourage ecosystem service (ES) provision and improve conservation outcomes through financially rewarding small-scale farmers.